HRM Dissertation - Chapter 3

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

3.1 Study Area Description

This chapter presents a research methodology of the study, shedding light on the Research

design, population, sample and sampling procedures, instrumentation, and data collection
procedures and data analysis.
3.2 Data Collection Methods and Tools
The research will embrace quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate the
relationship between human resources strategies and the efficiency of five star hotels in
Turkey. The need to use qualitative research designs is informed by its ability to help
understand some factors like motivations, feelings and emotions that cannot be measured.
Besides, it is imperative to note that the design is ideal in pointing out various challenges
encountered when carrying out the research, a factor that leads to identification of gaps for
further research (Eyisi, 2016). Further, it has been noted that the qualitative research design
provides an opportunity for the collection of detailed explanation, a factor that is likely to
make the research more reliable. That is as opposed to analyzing numbers the qualitative
design provides a chance for the respondents to give explanations as to how the human
resource strategies affect the efficiency of five star hotels. Glaser, & Strauss, 1967).
The need to use quantitative research design was informed by the aim of noting the
number of respondents who agree or disagree to the fact that human resource strategies
improve the efficiency of five star hotels. Besides, the research design can be used to identify
which specific strategy of strategies led to increased efficiency. Besides, the use of
quantitative design provide the opportunity to use statistical software like SPSS and
STRATA to explain if there is a relationship between the variables under investigation.

3.3 Data Collection, Target Population:
The target population of the study consisted of employees of five star hotels in Turkey.
These employees held different positions in the hotels dwellers at the time of the study. It is
important to note the research distributed around 800 questionnaires. It is imperative to note
that only 438 questionnaires were returned of which 398 were used given that some
questionnaires were incomplete.
Table 3.1: Population Frame
Population
Category
Managers 200
Supervisors 300
Regular employees 300
Total 800
3.3 Sampling Technique and Sample Size
Cantekinler, Küçükkaya, & Şimşek, (2017) notes that the number of five star hotels in
Turkey is slightly above 100 in 2019. However, the number is likely to increase in the near
future, giving the thriving and constant growth of the country’s tourism sector. The number
of employees in the five star hotels is estimated to be 14,126 thousand. Given that it will be
impossible to send questionnaire to all the workers in the five star hotels in Turkey, I will use
sampling to select a part of the population that will be investigated to determine the
relationship between human resource strategies and the efficiency of these hotels.
The need to use sampling in identifying the number of employees to be included in
the study is attributed to the fact that it uses scientific procedures to identify persons who will
be treated as representative of the whole population. Warwick and Lininger (1975) argue the
main factor to consider when selecting the population sample is the feasibility. That is it
should not be too large that it makes it hard to collect information or too small that applying
the outcome to the whole population will be misleading. As noted from above our sample
will consist of 800 employees from the different categories of managers, supervisors and
other employees.
The study will adopt random sampling technique. Partly, this is attributed to the fact
random sampling is free from bias as it provides equal chance for all the characteristics of the
population to be selected. Therefore, all the workers from the 100 five star hotels have a
chance to be selected for the study.
3.3 Data Collection Instrument’ Questioner
The research employed questionnaires for the collection of data. The questions in the
questionnaires will be both open ended unstructured and closed ended structured type. The
researcher personally administered the distribution of the questionnaires and the collection of
the same. The respondents will be assured that the findings of the study would be used for
research purposes only.
3.3.1 Demographic
Although 800 questionnaires were distributed only 438 were returned out of which 398 were
usable. This represented a response rate of 49.75%. It is not surprising to note that most of the
respondents were women at 279 (70%) and 119 (30%) were men. Partly, this is attributed to
the fact that the industry tends to employ more women than men. It is also imperative to note
that 318(80%) of the respondents had less than five years working experience while 80 (20%)
of the respondents had more than five years working experience. It is also significant to note
that 25% of the respondents were managers while 37.5% were supervisors while the other
37.5 % were regular employees. One hundred and ninety nine of the employees had college
education and the other 50% had university education. Two hundred and seventy nine
respondents were between the age of 18 and 24. While 20% of the employees were between
the ages of 24 and 35, 10% of the e respondents were between the ages of 35 and 75.
3.3.2 Qualitative Part
To determine the relationship between human resource strategies and the efficiency of five
star hotels. To be able to determine the relationship between the variables under investigation
relied on structural equation modeling to determine the interplay of variables under
investigation. Ideally, SEM is a mathematical technique that seeks to establish the
relationship among variable by using statistical methods (Eyisi, 2016). I relied on multiple
regressions to establish the relationship between the various human resource strategies and
hotel efficiency.
3.4 Data Analysis
The data collected will be analyzed using quantitative techniques. The research edited, coded,
classified and sorts the data upon collection. However, since qualitative data will be also
generated, it will be analyzed by use of themes and categories. Graphs, tables and pie charts
will be used to present frequencies and percentages. Tables will be prepared using each
variable or indicator. These tables enabled the researcher to arrange the data in a logical
sequence for easy interpretation and comparison of different classes of data. These made it
easier for the researcher to compare and interpret data findings appropriately.
References
Cantekinler, M., Küçükkaya, M. & Pinar Şimşek, P. (2017). Tourism Market overview:
Turkey and Istanbul, 1st Half. Ernst and Young.
Eyisi, D. (2016). The Usefulness of Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches and Methods in
Researching Problem-Solving Ability in Science Education Curriculum. Journal of
Education and Practice, 7(15), 91-100.
Glaser, B. G. & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for
qualitative research. Piscataway, New Jersey: Transaction.
Warwick, D. P., & Lininger, C. A. (1975). The sample survey: Theory and practice. New
York: McGraw-Hill.

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What is the research methodology used in the study?

What is the research methodology used in the study?

What data collection methods and tools will be used in the study?

What data collection methods and tools will be used in the study?

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

3.1 Study Area Description

procedures and data analysis.

3.2 Data Collection Methods and Tools

STRATA to explain if there is a relationship between the variables under investigation.

questionnaires were incomplete.

Table 3.1: Population Frame

Regular employees 300

3.3 Sampling Technique and Sample Size

The need to use sampling in identifying the number of employees to be included in

chance to be selected for the study.

3.3 Data Collection Instrument’ Questioner

research purposes only.

3.3.2 Qualitative Part

relied on structural equation modeling to determine the interplay of variables under

investigation. Ideally, SEM is a mathematical technique that seeks to establish the

3.4 Data Analysis

Turkey and Istanbul, 1st Half. Ernst and Young.

Researching Problem-Solving Ability in Science Education Curriculum. Journal of

Education and Practice, 7(15), 91-100.

qualitative research. Piscataway, New Jersey: Transaction.

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