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    MANILA, Philippines

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    The Philippines outlines 5 key arguments against China's claims in the South China Sea dispute. The arguments are: 1) China does not have historic rights over waters beyond what is allowed by UNCLOS. 2) China's 9-dash line claim has no legal basis. 3) Features China claims as islands are actually rocks or low-tide elevations that do not qualify for an EEZ. 4) China has breached UNCLOS by interfering in the Philippines' sovereign rights. 5) China's activities have damaged the marine environment. The Philippines estimates it loses $33.1 billion annually due to damage from China's actions at Scarborough Shoal and the Spratly Islands.

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    MANILA, Philippines

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    Kim
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    The Philippines outlines 5 key arguments against China's claims in the South China Sea dispute. The arguments are: 1) China does not have historic rights over waters beyond what is allowed by UNCLOS. 2) China's 9-dash line claim has no legal basis. 3) Features China claims as islands are actually rocks or low-tide elevations that do not qualify for an EEZ. 4) China has breached UNCLOS by interfering in the Philippines' sovereign rights. 5) China's activities have damaged the marine environment. The Philippines estimates it loses $33.1 billion annually due to damage from China's actions at Scarborough Shoal and the Spratly Islands.

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    The Philippines outlines 5 key arguments against China's claims in the South China Sea dispute. The arguments are: 1) China does not have historic rights over waters beyond what is allowed by UNCLOS. 2) China's 9-dash line claim has no legal basis. 3) Features China claims as islands are actually rocks or low-tide elevations that do not qualify for an EEZ. 4) China has breached UNCLOS by interfering in the Philippines' sovereign rights. 5) China's activities have damaged the marine environment. The Philippines estimates it loses $33.1 billion annually due to damage from China's actions at Scarborough Shoal and the Spratly Islands.

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    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    35 views2 pages

    MANILA, Philippines

    Uploaded by

    Kim
    The Philippines outlines 5 key arguments against China's claims in the South China Sea dispute. The arguments are: 1) China does not have historic rights over waters beyond what is allowed by UNCLOS. 2) China's 9-dash line claim has no legal basis. 3) Features China claims as islands are actually rocks or low-tide elevations that do not qualify for an EEZ. 4) China has breached UNCLOS by interfering in the Philippines' sovereign rights. 5) China's activities have damaged the marine environment. The Philippines estimates it loses $33.1 billion annually due to damage from China's actions at Scarborough Shoal and the Spratly Islands.

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    MANILA, Philippines – The Philippines' case against China over the West Philippine Sea

    (South China Sea) boils down to 5 basic arguments.


    Philippine Foreign Secretary Albert del Rosario outlined these claims on Tuesday, July 7, the
    first day of arguments at The Hague. (READ: Philippines vows to smash China's strongest
    argument)
    For the oral hearings that run until July 13, we've listed these 5 arguments, quoted verbatim
    from Del Rosario.
    Below each argument, we've added our own notes to explain things in a nutshell. We've also
    included links to other stories for further reading and reference.
    The Philippines' arguments revolve around the right to fish, as well as to exploit other resources,
    in the West Philippine Sea. (READ: PH vs China at The Hague: '80% of fish' at stake)
    1. China's 'historical rights'
    ARGUMENT: "First, that China is not entitled to exercise what it refers to as 'historic rights' over
    the waters, seabed, and subsoil beyond the limits of its entitlements under the Convention."
    2. China's 9-dash line
    ARGUMENT: "Second, that the so-called 9-dash line has no basis whatsoever under
    international law insofar as it purports to define the limits of China’s claim to 'historic rights.'"
    The Philippines, however, asserts that the 9-dash line is baseless under UNCLOS. This UN
    convention allows an EEZ, not a 9-dash line. (READ: No such thing as 9-dash line – US envoy)
    3. Rocks vs islands
    ARGUMENT: "Third, that the various maritime features relied upon by China as a basis upon
    which to assert its claims in the South China Sea are not islands that generate entitlement to an
    exclusive economic zone or continental shelf. Rather, some are 'rocks' within the meaning of
    Article 121, paragraph 3; others are low-tide elevations; and still others are permanently
    submerged. As a result, none are capable of generating entitlements beyond 12NM (nautical
    miles), and some generate no entitlements at all. China’s recent massive reclamation activities
    cannot lawfully change the original nature and character of these features."
    China describes some features in the South China Sea as islands. One of these is Panatag
    Shoal (Scarborough Shoal), a rocky sandbar. China claims these supposed islands.
    The Philippines adds that China's reclamation activities cannot "lawfully change" rocks into
    islands.
    4. Breach of the law of the sea
    ARGUMENT: "Fourth, that China has breached the Convention by interfering with the
    Philippines’ exercise of its sovereign rights and jurisdiction."
    5. Damage to environment
    ARGUMENT: "China has irreversibly damaged the regional marine environment, in breach of
    UNCLOS, by its destruction of coral reefs in the South China Sea, including areas within the
    Philippines’ EEZ, by its
    China Building Military
    China is continuing to build its missile force, Schriver said, and it has begun building a second
    aircraft carrier. The nation is sailing two new cruisers and is building more, he said. And China’s
    air force has flown its J-20 fifth-generation aircraft, Schriver said. The aircraft has stealth
    characteristics and many U.S. officials have said they believe it may contain technologies stolen
    from U.S. manufacturers.
    Chinese conventional forces are moving to improve training and evaluation of ground, sea and
    air forces, he said. Newly published doctrine “emphasizes realistic and joint training across all
    domains and tasks the PLA to prepare for conflict aimed at ‘strong military opponents,’” Schriver
    said.

    MANILA, Philippines — The Philippines is losing about P33.1 billion annually from the
    damaged reef ecosystems at Panatag (Scarborough) Shoal and the Spratly Islands mainly due
    to China’s reclamation activities and illegal fishing operations, according to Filipino marine
    scientists.
    Deo Florence Onda, a scientist with the University of the Philippines’ Marine Science Institute
    (UP MSI), on Wednesday said the figure, while already staggering, was a “conservative
    estimate,” considering the complex marine biodiversity of the country.

    Paterno E. (2015) Explainer: Philippines' 5 Argumnets Vs China. Retrieved: July. 09,2015


    https://www.cfo.gov.ph/news/cfo-news-and-events/3248-explainer-philippines-5-arguments-vs-
    china.html

    Garamone J. (2019) DOD official details Continuing chinese Military Buildup. Retrieved: May.
    03,2019
    https://www.defense.gov/Newsroom/News/Article/Article/1836512/dod-official-details-
    continuing-chinese-military-
    buildup/https://www.defense.gov/Newsroom/News/Article/Article/1836512/dod-official-details-
    continuing-chinese-military-buildup/

    Enano J. & Ocampo K. (2019) Cost of china damage to PH reefs: P33B a year. Retrieved:
    june 2019
    https://globalnation.inquirer.net/177462/cost-of-china-damage-to-ph-reefs-p33b-a-year/amp

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