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ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL
ENGINEERING
CENG 3103
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
Instructor – Abraham Assefa (Eng.) Nov. 2009
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
Course Outline
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1. Introduction 5. Building Construction Elements
Foundation and Basement
2. Building Drawings Floors
3. Building Structural Systems Exterior and Interior Closures:
Reinforced Concrete Structures Walls
Stairs
Steel Framed Structures
Elevators
Prefabricated Building Doors and Windows
Systems Roofs
Shell and Dome Structures Finishing
4. Planning of Buildings Damp – Prevention
Fire Places
5. Building Construction Formwork and Scaffolding
Elements Sanitary Systems
6. Health and Safety in Fire and Life Protection
Building Construction Mechanical Systems
Electrical Systems
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
Chapter 3 – Building Structural Systems
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Presentation Outline
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Reinforced Concrete Structures
3.3 Steel Framed Structures
3.4 Wood Structures
3.5 Masonry Structures
3.6 Prefabricated Building Systems
3.6 Shell and Dome Structures
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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Building Structural Systems – greatly depend on materials and
the expected force systems.
Based on force systems structural elements can be classified into:
Foundation – Footing, Pile
Column –
Beam –
Truss –
Arch –
Dome, Shell –
Plate –
Membrane -
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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Structural
load
transformat
ion has
become
more and
more
complex
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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Beams
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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TRUSS
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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TRUSS
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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ARCH
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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VAULT
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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DOME
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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SHELL
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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Structure: Guiding Principles of Analysis and Design
Lightness
Maximum Lightness achieved by minimum use of materials.
Maximum Diversity/Minimum Inventory
Element design.
Construction Logic
Awareness and optimization of the construction sequence.
Economy
Constraints are good
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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Lightness
Maximum
Diversity/Minimum
Inventory – Element and
Joint Design
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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Common Structural Materials – RC, STEEL, WOOD, PREFAB, SHELL
AND DOME
New Possibilities
Materials - Composites
Glass
FOUR SYSTEM
Carbon Fiber
INTEGRATION
Cellulose
Panels: e.g. stress skin
Processes
Concrete
Tilt-Up Slab
Rapid Curing
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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Common Structural Materials – CONCRETE (PLAIN AND RC), STEEL,
WOOD, MASONRY
New Possibilities
Materials - Composites
Glass
Carbon Fiber
Cellulose
Panels: e.g. stress skin
Processes
Concrete
Tilt-Up Slab
Rapid Curing
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.2 Reinforced Concrete Structures
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Reinforced Concrete - Ethiopia
Concrete Issues
Strength in Tension
Strength in Compression
Ductility
CO2 generation
Durability
Quality Control
Concrete Advantageous
Form Requirements
Availability of Materials
Construction Expertise requirement
Developments – SCC, Ductile Concrete, Composite Concrete
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.3 Steel Framed Structures
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Class of elements distinguished from other
Metals are materials by:
commonly used Ductility
in building Malleability
structures Hardness
Primary Conductivity
Architectural Ability to form alloys
Metals Qualities of appearance
Steel STEEL STRUCTURES
Stainless steel Material Properties and Applications of various steels
Three types
Aluminum
[Link] steels
Copper [Link]-strength low-alloy steels
Zinc [Link] steels
Lead composites
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.3 Steel Framed Structures
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.3 Steel Framed Structures
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.3 Steel Framed Structures
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.3 Steel Framed Structures
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.4 Wood Structures
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The use of wood extends back in time longer than any other
material.
In fact, wood represents both the original material of building
as well as the earliest source of energy.
Once abundant it is now, for the most part a managed
resource.
But is mostly underused
Structural Morphology
i. Solid Load Bearing Wall
ii. Timber Frame
iii. Balloon and Platform Framing
iv. Stress-Skin Systems Structural Types
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.5 Masonry Structures
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Must act in compression (no
resistance to tension)
Very high compressive
strength
Design is a problem of form
Stability and not strength limits
masonry
Thrust line: line of forces acting
within a
masonry structure to ensure
that
compression is maintained
