Short-Circuit Current Calculations

Introduction
The information on the following pages is to enable engineers and contractors to estimate
with reasonable accuracy the prospective short-circuit currents which could occur at
any points in an electrical installation, operating at the normal system voltage of 415/
240 volts.
Calculated values are for 3 phase bolted fault condition. These are the largest values
possible. Reduced values for other faults are:-
a bolted fault between 2 phases has a value of 3 2 = 87% of the value of 3
phase bolted faults.
a single phase to neutral bolted fault has a value of 50% (for a full size neutral).
an arcing fault between 3 phases, or between a single phase to earth (reduced values
will vary considerably depending on the arc impedance).
Equipment selected must have an interrupting rating at least equal to the calculated
value for 3 phase bolted fault.

Supply Source
The majority of installations will be supplied by a Power Supply Authority, either at low
voltage (415/240 volts) or at high voltage (3.3kV or higher).
If the supply is at low voltage, the Power Supply Authority should be able to advise the
prospective short-circuit current level at the supply point. This value should be quoted
in kA per phase and can be directly applied to Table 3.
Should the installation be supplied at high voltage, the prospective short-circuit current
available at the step-down transformer secondary terminals can be derived from Table
1. The values in Table 1 ignore any impedance in the high voltage supply to the
transformer (the method for calculating primary impedance is not included in this data)
which will have the effect of reducing the available prospective short-circuit current.
If the installation is supplied by an alternator instead of by a Power Supply Authority, the
kVA capacity and percentage impedance of the alternator must be determined and these
values used in Table 1.
Where an installation has a significant load from motors, their contribution to a fault
should be added to the prospective short-circuit current of the supply source. As a guide,
this contribution can be assumed as four times the rated full load currents of the motors.
TECHNICAL

166
Short-Circuit Current Calculations
(cont.)
Method of Use
1. Derive the short-circuit current at the supply source (refer above).
2. Calculate the short-circuit current at the end of a cable run as follows:-
find the cable impedance from Table 2.
read the reduced short-circuit current from Table 3 corresponding to the intersection
of the supply short-circuit current and the cable impedance.
3. Repeat step 2 each time the size or length of cable changes when tracing the
installation through to a point where the short-circuit current level is required.

Table 1: Transformer Secondary Output

Trans- Full Short-Circuit Current (kA)
former Load
Capacity Current For For For For For For For
(kVA) (A) Z=3% Z=3.5% Z=4% Z=4.5% Z=5% Z=5.5% Z=6%
150 209 6.967 5.971 5.225 4.644 4.18 3.8 3.483
200 278 9.267 7.943 6.95 6.178 5.56 5.055 4.633
250 348 11.6 9.943 8.7 7.733 6.96 6.327 5.8
300 417 13.9 11.914 10.425 9.267 8.34 7.582 6.95
400 556 18.533 15.886 13.9 12.356 11.12 10.109 9.267
500 696 23.2 19.886 17.4 15.467 13.92 12.655 11.6
750 1043 34.767 29.8 26.075 23.178 20.86 18.964 17.383
1000 1391 46.367 39.743 34.775 30.911 27.82 25.291 23.183
1500 2087 69.567 59.629 52.175 46.378 41.74 37.945 34.783
2000 2782 92.733 79.486 69.55 61.822 55.64 50.582 46.367

Notes:
1. Output values based on 415V secondary voltage.
2. Multiply secondary output values by 0.96 for 433V secondary voltage.
3. Add individual short-circuit current values for two or more transformers when their secondaries are
connected in parallel.
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167
Short-Circuit Current Calculations
(cont.)
Table 2: Cable Impedance (Ohms)
Cable Cable Length (m)
Area
(mm2) 5 10 15 20 25 30 40 50
1 0.09 0.18 0.27 0.36 0.45 0.54 0.72 0.9
1.5 0.06 0.12 0.18 0.24 0.3 0.36 0.48 0.6
2.5 0.036 0.072 0.11 0.14 0.18 0.22 0.29 0.36
4 0.023 0.045 0.067 0.09 0.11 0.13 0.18 0.23
6 0.015 0.03 0.045 0.06 0.075 0.09 0.12 0.15
10 0.009 0.018 0.027 0.036 0.045 0.054 0.072 0.09
16 0.0056 0.011 0.017 0.023 0.028 0.034 0.045 0.056
25 0.0035 0.007 0.01 0.014 0.017 0.021 0.028 0.035
35 0.0026 0.0052 0.0078 0.010 0.013 0.016 0.021 0.026
50 0.0018 0.0037 0.0055 0.0074 0.0092 0.011 0.015 0.018
70 0.0013 0.0027 0.004 0.0054 0.0067 0.008 0.011 0.013
95 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.006 0.008 0.01
120 0.0008 0.0017 0.0025 0.0034 0.0042 0.0051 0.0068 0.0085
150 0.0007 0.0014 0.0021 0.0028 0.0035 0.0042 0.0056 0.007
185 0.0006 0.0012 0.0018 0.0024 0.003 0.0036 0.0048 0.006
240 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003 0.004 0.005
300 0.00045 0.00091 0.0014 0.0018 0.0023 0.0027 0.0036 0.0045
400 0.00041 0.00083 0.0012 0.0017 0.0021 0.0025 0.0033 0.0041
500 0.00039 0.00078 0.0012 0.0016 0.002 0.0023 0.0031 0.0039
630 0.00037 0.00075 0.0011 0.0015 0.0019 0.0022 0.003 0.0037

Notes:
1. Impedance values are nominal for PVC insulated copper conductor cables
laid flat and touching.
2. Add impedance values for cable lengths greater than 50m,
e.g. 70m of 95mm2 = 30m + 40m = 0.006 + 0.008 = 0.014 Ohms.
3. For parallel cables, divide impedance values by the number of cables,
e.g. 30m of 2 x 150mm2 in parallel = 0.0042 2 = 0.0021 Ohms.
4. For aluminium conductors, multiply the impedance values by 1.64 for approximate equivalent, e.g.
15m of 25mm2 aluminium cable = 1.64 x 0.01 = 0.0164 Ohms.
TECHNICAL

168
Short-Circuit Current Calculations
(cont.)
Table 3: Reduced Short-Circuit Current (kA)
Cable Supply Short-Circuit Current (kA)
Imped.
(Ohms) 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65
0.0001 9.96 14.9 19.8 24.7 29.6 34.3 39.3 44.4 49 53.3 58.5 63.2
0.0002 9.92 14.8 19.7 24.5 29.3 33.8 38.7 43.6 48 52.2 57.1 61.5
0.0003 9.88 14.7 19.5 24.2 28.9 33.3 38.1 42.9 47.1 51.1 55.8 60
0.0004 9.84 14.6 19.4 24 28.6 32.9 37.5 42.1 46.2 50 54.6 58.5
0.0005 9.8 14.6 19.2 23.8 28.2 32.4 36.9 41.4 45.3 49 53.3 57.1
0.0006 9.76 14.5 19.1 23.5 27.9 32 36.4 40.7 44.4 48 52.2 55.8
0.0007 9.72 14.4 18.9 23.3 27.6 31.6 35.8 40 43.6 47.1 51.1 54.6
0.0008 9.68 14.3 18.8 23.1 27.3 31.2 35.3 39.3 42.9 46.2 50 53.3
0.0009 9.64 14.2 18.6 22.9 27 30.8 34.8 38.7 42.1 45.3 49 52.2
0.001 9.6 14.1 18.5 22.6 26.7 30.4 34.3 38.1 41.4 44.4 48 51.1
0.002 9.23 13.3 17.1 20.7 24 27 30 32.9 35.3 37.5 40 42.1
0.003 8.89 12.6 16 19 21.8 24.2 26.7 28.9 30.8 32.4 34.3 35.8
0.004 8.57 12 15 17.6 20 22 24 25.8 27.3 28.6 30 31.2
0.005 8.28 11.4 14.1 16.4 18.5 20.2 21.8 23.3 24.5 25.5 26.7 27.6
0.006 8 10.9 13.3 15.4 17.1 18.6 20 21.2 22.2 23.1 24 24.7
0.007 7.74 10.4 12.6 14.5 16 17.3 18.5 19.5 20.3 21.1 21.8 22.4
0.008 7.5 10 12 13.6 15 16.1 17.1 18.1 18.8 19.4 20 20.5
0.009 7.27 9.6 11.4 12.9 14.1 15.1 16 16.8 17.4 17.9 18.5 19
0.01 7.06 9.23 10.9 12.2 13.3 14.2 15 15.7 16.2 16.7 17.1 17.5
0.02 5.46 6.67 7.5 8.11 8.57 8.92 9.23 9.49 9.68 9.84 10 10.1
0.03 4.44 5.22 5.71 6.06 6.32 6.5 6.67 6.8 6.9 7 7.06 7.12
0.04 3.75 4.29 4.62 4.84 5 5.12 5.22 5.3 5.36 5.41 5.46 5.5
0.05 3.24 3.64 3.87 4.03 4.14 4.22 4.29 4.34 4.38 4.41 4.44 4.47
0.06 2.86 3.16 3.33 3.45 3.53 3.59 3.64 3.68 3.7 3.73 3.75 3.77
0.07 2.55 2.79 2.93 3.02 3.08 3.12 3.16 3.19 3.21 3.23 3.24 3.26
0.08 2.31 2.5 2.61 2.68 2.73 2.76 2.79 2.81 2.83 2.84 2.86 2.87
0.09 2.11 2.26 2.35 2.41 2.45 2.48 2.5 2.52 2.53 2.54 2.55 2.56

Notes:

1. Short-circuit current values are for 415/240V 3 phase supply.

2. Calculate other values of reduced short-circuit current ICC as follows:- e.g. for a supply short-circuit
current ISC = 63kA and a cable impedance ZC = 0.016 Ohms.

Supply impedance ZSC = 240

___ = 240
_____ = 0.0038 Ohms
ISC 63000
TECHNICAL

Therefore ICC = 240

_______ = 240
____________ = 12.1kA
ZSC + ZC 0.0038 + 0.016

169
Short-Circuit Current Calculations
(cont.)
Example Calculation

Bus-Tie Bus-Tie
Open Closed
Transformer short-circuit current = 20kA 20kA
(from Table 1 = 19.886kA, but assume 20kA)
Impedance 50m of 400mm2 cable = 0.004 Ohms 0.004 Ohms
(from Table 2 = 0.0041 Ohms, but assume 0.004 Ohms)
Main Switchboard short-circuit current (from Table 3) = 15kA 30kA
Impedance 30m of 70mm2 cable (from Table 2) = 0.008 Ohms 0.008 Ohms
Distribution Board short-circuit current (from Table 3) = 10kA 15kA
Impedance 10m of 25mm2 cable (from Table 2) = 0.007 Ohms 0.007 Ohms
TECHNICAL

Fault Point short-circuit current (from Table 3) = 7.74kA 10.4kA

170
Discrimination Between Fuses
at 415Vac

Down-Stream Fuse Rating (A) Minimum Up-Stream Fuse Rating (A)

Type T gG Type T gM DIN Type gL-gG Type T gG DIN Type gL-gG
2 - - 4 4
4 - 4 6 6
6 - 6 10 10
10 - 10 16 16
16 - 16 25 25
20 - 20 32 32
25 20M25 25 40 40
20M32 - 40 40
32
- 32 50 50
35 32M35 35 50 50
40 32M40 40 63 63
50 32M50 50 80 80
32M63 - 125 125
63
- 63 125 100
80 63M80 80 160 125
100 63M100 100 160 160
125 100M125 125 200 200
160 100M160 160 250 250
200 100M200 200 315 315
250 200M250 250 400 400
315 200M315 315 500 500
355 315M355 - 560 630
- - 630 800
400
- 400 630 630
TECHNICAL

450 400M450 - 670 800

500 - 500 750 800

171
Discrimination Between Fuses
at 415Vac (cont.)
Down-Stream Fuse Rating (A) Minimum Up-Stream Fuse Rating (A)
Type T gG Type T gM DIN Type gL-gG Type T gG DIN Type gL-gG
560 - - 800 1000
630 - 630 1000 1000
670 630M670 - 1250 -
710 - - 1250 -
750 - - 1250 -
800 - 800 1250 -

Notes:
1. Fuses must be GEC, English Electric or ALSTOM brands of fuse-links only. Not applicable for
other manufacturers fuses.
2. The selected fuse ratings achieve discrimination for overload conditions and short-circuit currents up to
80kA.
3. This discrimination ensures that the down-stream fuse operates and the up-stream fuse remains
unaffected.
4. Where the up-stream fuse supplies more than one down-stream fuse, the minimum up-stream fuse
rating should be increased to allow for load biasing effects. TECHNICAL

172
Motor Rated Outputs and Full
Load Currents
Motor Rating Full Load Current (A)
kW HP At 415V At 440V At 1000V
1
0.09 /8 0.4 0.38 -
1
0.12 /6 0.5 0.47 -
1
0.18 /4 0.6 0.56 -
1
0.25 /3 0.8 0.75 -
0.37 0.5 1.1 1 0.46
0.55 0.75 1.5 1.4 0.63
0.75 1 1.8 1.7 0.76
1.1 1.5 2.6 2.4 1.1
1.5 2 3.4 3.2 1.5
2.2 3 4.8 4.5 2
3.7 5 7.6 7.2 2.7
5.5 7.5 11 10.3 4.6
7.5 10 14 13.2 5.9
11 15 21 19.8 8.8
15 20 28 26.4 11.8
18.5 25 34 32 14.3
22 30 40 38 17
30 40 55 52 23
37 50 66 62 28
45 60 80 75 33
55 75 100 94 42
75 100 135 127 57
90 125 160 150 67
110 150 200 188 84
132 175 230 216 97
150 200 250 235 105
160 220 270 254 113
185 250 320 301 134
200 270 350 329 147
220 300 380 357 160
250 350 430 404 181
300 400 510 479 214
Notes:
1. Full load current values are nominal for standard squirrel-cage induction motors of rated speed 1500
rpm (4 pole). Possible deviation of FLC values 10% depending on type and manufacturer.
2. Deviation of FLC values for motors of other rated speeds:-
-2% to -10% for 3000 rpm (2 pole)
+2% to +10% for 1000 rpm (6 pole)
TECHNICAL

+5% to +20% for 750 rpm (8 pole)

173
Fuse Selection for Direct On-line
Motor Starting

Motor FLC (A) Recommended GEC, English Electric or

ALSTOM Fuse-Link Rating (A)
From To Type T gG Type T gM DIN Type gL - gG
0 0.7 2 - 4
0.8 1.4 4 - 4
1.5 2 6 - 6
2.1 3 10 - 10
3.1 6.1 16 - 16
6.2 9 20 - 20
9.1 11 25 20M25 25
11.1 14.4 32 20M32 32
14.5 15.4 35 32M35 35
15.5 18 40 32M40 40
18.1 22 50 32M50 50
22.1 28 63 32M63 63
28.1 45 80 63M80 80
45.1 58 100 63M100 100
58 80 125 100M125 125
80.1 99 160 100M160 160
99.1 128 200 - 200
128.1 180 250 200M250 250
180.1 216 315 200M315* 315
216.1 270 355 315M355 355
270.1 328 400 - 400
328.1 385 450 400M450 500
385.1 430 500 - 500
430.1 500 560 - 630
500.1 560 630 - 630
560.1 620 670 630M670 800
620.1 645 710 - 800
645.1 680 750 - 1000
Type NIT for 415V or less
* Type TF, if motor FLC does not exceed 200A and voltage is 500V or less
Notes:
1. Assumed starting Motor Rating Run-Up
conditions:- Up to 1kW 5 x FLC for 5 secs.
1.1 to 7.5kW 6 x FLC for 10 secs.
7.6 x 75kW 7 x FLC for 10 secs.
Greater than 75kW 6 x FLC for 15 secs.
Operating cycle of 2 starts in rapid succession and up to 8 starts per hour.
2. Suitable adjustments to the recommended rating may be necessary for:-
(a) Starting conditions in excess of the assumed conditions.
TECHNICAL

(b) High enclosure (fluid environment) temperatures, refer to fuse de-rating information indicated on
page 179.

174
Fuse Selection for Assisted
Motor Starting
(Star-Delta, Autotransformer, Resistor or Reactor)
Motor FLC (A) Recommended GEC, English Electric or
ALSTOM Fuse-Link Rating (A)
From To Type T gG Type T gM DIN Type gL - gG
0 1.4 2 - 4
1.5 2.1 4 - 4
2.2 3.1 6 - 6
3.2 5.5 10 - 10
5.6 10 16 - 16
10.1 14 20 - 20
14.1 18 25 20M25 25
18.1 22 32 - 32
22.1 28 35 32M35 35
28.1 32 40 32M40 40
32.1 40 50 - 50
40.1 51 63 - 63
51.1 80 80 - 80
80.1 100 100 - 100
100.1 125 125 - 125
125.1 160 160 - 160
160.1 200 200 - 200
200.1 250 250 - 250
250.1 315 315 - 315
315.1 355 355 - 355
355.1 400 400 - 400
400.1 450 450 - 500
450.1 500 500 - 500
500.1 560 560 - 630
560.1 630 630 - 630
630.1 670 670 - 800
670.1 710 710 - 800
710.1 750 750 - 800

Notes:
1. Assumed starting Motor Rating Run-Up
conditions:- Up to 1kW 2.5 x FLC for 20 secs.
1.1 to 7.5kW 3.5 x FLC for 20 secs.
Greater than 75kW 3.5 x FLC for 15 secs.
Operating cycle of 2 starts in rapid succession and up to 8 starts per hour.
2. Suitable adjustments to the recommended ratings may be necessary for:-
(a) Starting conditions in excess of the assumed conditions.
(b) High enclosure (fluid environment) temperatures more than 35C. Some fuses need to be de-
rated as indicated on page 179, the decreased rating then becomes the maximum motor FLC at
that temperature, e.g. at 65C a 630A fuse de-rates to 540A and can be used for motors of FLC
TECHNICAL

not exceeding 540A.

175
Fuse Selection for Fire Pump
Motor Starting

Motor Rating Recommended GEC, English Electric or

ALSTOM Fuse-Link Rating (A)
kW FLC (A) Type T gG Type T gM DIN Type gL - gG
0.37 1.1 4 - 4
0.55 1.5 6 - 4
0.75 1.8 6 - 6
1.1 2.6 10 - 6
1.5 3.4 16 - 10
2.2 4.8 16 - 16
3.7 7.6 20 - 20
5.5 11 32 20M32 25
7.5 14 35 20M35 32
11 21 50 32M50 40
15 28 63 32M63 50
18.5 34 80 63M80 63
22 40 80 63M80 80
30 55 100 63M100 100
37 66 125 100M125 125
45 80 160 100M160 160
55 100 160 - 160
75 135 250 200M250 200
90 160 250 200M250 250
110 200 315 - 315
132 230 355 315M355 315
150 250 355 315M355 355
160 270 400 - 400
185 320 450 400M450 500
200 350 450 400M450 500
220 380 500 - 630
250 430 560 - 630
300 510 630 - 800

Notes:
1. FLC values are nominal for standard squirrel-cage induction motors of rated speed1500 rpm (4 pole).
Possible deviation of FLC values 10% depending on type and manufacturer.
2. Recommend fuse ratings are based on carrying 125% FLC continuously and operating in not less than
20 seconds at 600% FLC, in accordance with Clause 2.19.9.2 of AS3000-1991.
3. Suitable adjustments to the recommended ratings may be necessary for high enclosure (fluid
environment) temperatures, refer to de-rating information indicated on page 179.
TECHNICAL

176
Fuse Protection of Cables Against
Transient Overcurrents
In some circuits such as the motors, significant transient overcurrents are produced during
switching, and it is not economical practice to match cable and fuse-link ratings. For
these cases, the cable is chosen for the circuit load condition and the fuse-links are
chosen to withstand the transient overcurrent condition.
The fuse-links provide only short-circuit current protection to the motor, associated cables
and other circuits components. The necessary overload protection is provided by other
means such as the motor starters thermal overload relay.
The short-circuit protection of cables is covered by Section 5 of AS3008.1-1989 and the
Table below shows how fuse-links relate to these requirements in protecting V75 rated
PVC insulated copper conductors.

Maximum GEC,
Maximum Current-Carrying Capacity (A) English Electric or
ALSTOM
Conductor Fuse-Link Rating (A)
cross-sectional Unenclosed condition. Enclosed condition.
area (mm2)
Ratings according to Ratings according to Type T DIN Type
Table 5, Column 6 of Table 5, Column 8 of gG gL-gG
AS3008.1-1989 AS3008.1-1989
1 13 11 16 16
1.5 17 14 20 20
2.5 23 20 35 32
4 31 26 50 40
6 40 34 63 50
10 56 47 80 80
16 74 62 125 125
25 105 87 200 200
35 120 100 250 250
50 145 125 355 355
70 185 155 450 500
95 220 185 630 630
120 260 220 710 800
150 300 250 800 1000
185 345 285 1000 1000 (2)
240 405 340 1250 1000 (2)
300 470 390 1250 (2) 1000 (2)
400 550 455 1250 (2) 1000 (2)
500 630 530 1250 (2) 1000 (2)
TECHNICAL

630 740 620 1250 (2) 1000 (2)

177
Fuse Protection of Cables Against
Transient Overcurrents (cont.)
Notes:
1. Selection of the above fuse-links is based on the formula I2t = K2S2 given in Clause 5.3 of AS3008.1-
1989 where:-
I = Current which causes the fuse-link to operate in 5 seconds.
t = 5 seconds.
K = Constant of 111 for PVC insulated copper conductor, for the condition of initial temperature
75C and final temperature 160C (during overcurrent condition).
S = Cross-sectional area of the conductor in mm2.
2. Duration of overcurrent (t in the above formula) will be greater than 5 seconds for the fuse-links
indicated.
3. For motor start fuse-links (i.e. those classified and marked gM) the larger of its dual current ratings is
applicable, e.g. 160A for TCP100M160 type.

TECHNICAL

178
Fuse De-rating with High Enclosure
Temperatures
In accordance with the relevant Standards, the rated current of fuses is determined by
tests conducted at 35C ambient air temperature. When fuses are installed within
enclosures, it is the temperature within the enclosure (fluid environment temperature)
which determines whether de-rating is necessary.
The effect of high enclosure temperatures on ALSTOM Type T fuses is indicated by the
table below.

Maximum Load Current (A)

Fuse Nominal Versus Fluid Environment Temperature
Rating (A)
55C 60C 65C 70C 75C
63 or less
80 75 70
100 De-rating not 95 90
125 necessary 120 110
160 145 135
200 190 180 170
250 235 225 210
315 300 285 270 255
355 350 330 315 295
400 390 380 360 340
450 425 405 380 360
500 475 450 425 400 380
560 540 520 495 465 440
630 600 570 540 510 480
670 650 615 585 550 520
710 700 665 630 595 560
750 725 710 670 630 590
800 760 720 680 640 600
1000 950 900 850 800 750
1250 1140 1070 1020 960 900
TECHNICAL

179
Fault-Current Limiter Fuses Selection
for Miniature Circuit Breakers at 415Vac

Miniature Minimum Maximum Fuse Rating (A)

Circuit Breaker Fuse Rating For Fault Levels
Type Rating (A) (A) up to 50kA
2-6 25 200
10 32 200
16 40 200
20 50 200
NHP DINT6 25 63 200
32 80 200
40 80 200
50 125 200
63 160 200
0.5-6 25 250
10 32 250
16 40 250
GE Series G60 20 50 250
GE Series G100 25 63 250
NHP DINT10 32 80 250
40 80 250
50 125 250
63 160 250
80 160 200
NHP DINT10H 100 200 200
125 200 200
C60N 20 50 2001
C60H 63 160 2001
Schneider
NC100 80 160 2001
NC100 100 200 2001

Notes:
1. ALSTOM DIN type fuses only.
2. Fuses must be ALSTOM type T gG or DIN type gL - gG only.
Not applicable for other manufacturers fuses.
3. Minimum fuse ratings are based on grading under overload of one MCB with one set of fuses. Where
one set of fuses protects more than one MCB, the minimum fuse rating should be increased to allow
for load biasing effects.
4. Maximum fuse ratings are derived from testing to clause 8.2.3 of AS3439.1-1993.
TECHNICAL

180
Discrimination Between Fuses and
Circuit Breakers at 415Vac

Minimum Up-Stream Fuse

Down-Stream Circuit Breaker
Type T gG DIN Type gL - gG

GE Type Rating Rating Cross-Over Rating Cross-Over

(A) (A) Current (kA) (A) Current (kA)
2 16 0.18 10 0.16
4 20 0.25 16 0.24
6 25 0.31 20 0.25
10 32 0.39 25 0.27
16 40 0.52 35 0.44
Series G60
Series G100 20 50 0.71 40 0.52
25 63 0.88 50 0.61
32 80 1.3 63 0.82
40 80 1.4 80 1.2
50 125 2.1 125 2.1
63 160 2.5 160 2.7
80 160 2.5 160 2.8
Series Hti 100 200 3.4 200 3.2
125 250 5.2 250 5.1

D125 & (80) 200 3.8 200 4.3

D125L (100) 250 5.3 250 5.6
125 315 6.4 315 6.7
TECHNICAL

181
Discrimination Between Fuses and
Circuit Breakers at 415Vac (cont.)
Minimum Up-Stream Fuse
Down-Stream Circuit Breaker
Type T gG DIN Type gL - gG
GE Type Rating Rating Cross-Over Rating Cross-Over
(A) (A) Current (kA) (A) Current (kA)
(25) 100 1.8 80 1.6
D160, (40) 125 2.3 125 2.5
DH160 (63) 200 3.8 200 4.3
& 100 315 6.4 315 6.7
D160L 125 355 8.9 355 7.2
160 400 11 400 9.5
(40) 125 2.3 125 2.5
(63) 200 3.8 200 4.3
D250, (100) 315 6.4 315 6.7
DH250 (125) 355 8.9 355 7.2
& 160 400 11 400 9.5
D250L
200 500 13 500 13
250 560 15 630 17
(160) 450 12 315 6.7
D400, (200) 500 13 500 13
DH400 250 630 18 630 17
&
320 750 25 800 23
D400L
400 1000 33 1000 35
(250) 630 18 630 17
D630, (320) 710 23 800 23
DH630 400 800 29 1000 35
& 500 1000 33 1000 (6) 35
D630L 630 1250 44 1000 (5) 35
(500) 1000 33 1000 (6) 35
D800 & 630 1250 44 1000 (5) 35
DH800 800 1250 (7) 44 - -
(400) 1000 33 1000 35
(500) 1250 44 1000 (6) 35
(630) 1250 44 1000 (5) 35
D1250 800 1250 (7) 44 - -
1000 1250 (7) 44 - -
1250 - - - -
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182
Discrimination Between Fuses and
Circuit Breakers at 415Vac (cont.)
Notes:
1. Fuses must be GEC, English Electric or ALSTOM brands of fuse-links only. Not applicable for other
manufacturers fuses.
2. The selected fuse ratings achieve discrimination for overload conditions and short-circuit currents up
to the cross-over current values indicated.
3. This discrimination ensures that the down-stream circuit breaker operates and the up-stream fuse
remains unaffected.
4. Based on circuit breakers with adjustable magnetic trip set at the maximum position except for 5, 6
and 7 below.
5. The fuse indicated is applicable only for circuit breaker magnetic trip set at
3150A max.
6. The fuse indicated is applicable only for circuit breaker magnetic trip set at
4000A max.
7. The fuse indicated is applicable only for circuit breaker magnetic trip set at
5000A max.
8. Where the up-stream fuse supplies more than one down-stream circuit breaker, the minimum up-
stream fuse rating should be increased to allow for load biasing effects.
9. Circuit breakers must not be applied at prospective short-circuit currents exceeding their rated
breaking capacity.
10. Circuit breaker ratings shown in brackets are not usually kept in stock.
Please consult our nearest Sales Office for availability.
TECHNICAL

183
Fuse Selection for 3-Phase
Capacitor Banks at 415Vac

Capacitor Bank Rating Recommended GEC, English Electric or

ALSTOM Fuse-Link Rating (A)
kVAr FLC (A) Type T gG DIN Type gL-gG
5 6.9 16 16
7.5 10.4 16 16
10 13.9 25 25
15 20.9 32 32
20 27.8 50 50
25 34.8 63 63
30 41.7 63 63
35 48.7 80 80
40 55.6 100 100
50 69.6 125 125
60 83.5 125 125
75 104 160 160
90 125 200 200
100 139 250 250
110 153 250 250
120 167 250 250
135 188 315 315
150 209 315 315
160 223 355 355
180 250 400 400
190 264 400 400
200 278 450 500
225 313 500 500
240 334 500 500
275 383 630 630
300 417 630 630
360 501 750 800
400 557 1000 1000

Notes:
1. Recommended fuse ratings allow for a capacitor manufacturing tolerance of +10% on the kVAr values
and the possibility of up to 30% constant overload of a capacitor bank due to harmonic currents.
2. Suitable adjustments to the recommended ratings may be necessary for high enclosure (fluid
environment) temperatures, refer to de-rating information indicated on page 179.
TECHNICAL

184
Circuit Breaker Selection for 3-Phase
Capacitor Banks at 415Vac

Capacitor Recommended GE Circuit Breaker Type and Rating (A)

Bank Rating MCB Series MCCB Type D, DH and D-L Frame Sizes
kVAr FLC (A) G60 G100 Hti 100 125 160 250 400 630 800 1250
5 6.9 16
7.5 10.4 25 (16)
10 13.9 32 25 (25)
15 20.9 50 40 (40) (40)
20 27.8 63 63 (63) (63)
25 34.8 80 63 (63) (63)
30 41.7 100 80 (80) 100 (100)
35 48.7 125 80 (80) 100 (100)
40 55.6 100 (100) 100 (100)
50 69.6 125 125 (125)
60 83.5 125 125 (125)
75 104 160 160 (160)
90 125 200 (200)
100 139 250 250 (250)
110 153 250 250 (250)
120 167 250 250 (250)
135 188 320 (320)
150 209 320 (320)
160 223 400 400 (400)
180 250 400 400 (400)
190 264 400 400 (400)
200 278 500 (500) (500)
225 313 500 (500) (500)
240 334 500 (500) (500)
275 383 630 630 (630)
300 417 630 630 (630)
360 501 800 800
400 557 1000

Notes:
1. Recommended circuit breaker ratings allow for a capacitor manufacturing tolerance of +10% on the
kVAr values and the possibility of up to 30% constant overload of a capacitor bank due to harmonic
currents.
2. Suitable adjustments to the recommended ratings may be necessary for high enclosure (fluid
environment) temperatures, refer to de-rating information indicated on page 179.
TECHNICAL

3. Recommended ratings shown in brackets are not usually kept in stock.

Please consult our nearest Sales Office for availability.

185
Fuse Selection for 3-Phase
Transformer Primaries at 415Vac
Transformer Rating Recommended GEC, English Electric or
ALSTOM Fuse-Link Rating (A)
kVA Primary FLC (A) Type T gG DIN Type gL-gG
0.5 0.8 4 4
1 1.5 6 4
2 3.1 10 6
3 4.6 16 10
4 6.1 16 10
5 7.7 16 16
6 9.2 20 16
7 10.7 20 16
8 12.2 20 16
10 15 25 20
12 18 32 25
15 23 35 32
20 31 40 40
25 38 50 50
30 46 63 63
40 61 80 80
50 77 80 80
75 115 125 125
100 153 160 160
125 191 200 200
150 230 250 250
200 306 315 315
250 383 400 400
300 459 500 500
400 612 630 630
500 765 800 800
630 964 1250 1000
750 1148 1250 -

Notes:
1. FLC values are typical only. Possible deviation of FLC values 5% depending on manufacturer.
2. Recommended fuse ratings allow for transformer magnetising inrush current of
12 times FLC for 0.1 seconds.
3. Suitable adjustments to the recommended ratings may be necessary for high enclosure (fluid
environment) temperatures, refer to de-rating information indicated on page 179.
TECHNICAL

186
IP Code for Degrees of Protection
The following Table is based on AS1939-1990 classification of degrees of protection
provided by enclosures for electrical equipment.

Protection Against Access to Hazardous Parts

Indicated by the 1st Numeral

First Degree of Protection

Characteristic
Numeral Brief Description Definition
0 Non-protected None
Protected against access to The access probe, sphere of 50mm
1 hazardous parts with the back diameter, shall have adequate
of a hand clearance from hazardous parts
Protected against access to The jointed test finger of 12mm diameter,
2 hazardous parts with a finger 80mm length, shall have adequate
clearance from hazardous parts
Protected against access to The access probe of 2.5mm diameter
3 hazardous parts with a tool shall not penetrate

4 Protected against access to The access probe of 1.0mm diameter

hazardous parts with a wire shall not penetrate

5 Protected against access to The access probe of 1.0mm diameter

hazardous parts with a wire shall not penetrate

6 Protected against access to The access probe of 1.0mm diameter

hazardous parts with a wire shall not penetrate

Note: In the case of the first characteristic numerals 3, 4, 5 and 6, protection against access to hazardous
parts is satisfied if adequate clearance is kept.
TECHNICAL

187
IP Code for Degrees of Protection
(cont.)
The following Table is based on AS1939-1990 classification of degrees of protection
provided by enclosures for electrical equipment.

Protection Against Solid Foreign Objects

Indicated by the 1st Numeral

First Degree of Protection

Characteristic
Numeral Brief Description Definition
0 Non-protected None
Protected against solid The object probe, sphere of 50mm
1 foreign objects of 50mm diameter, shall not fully penetrate*
diameter and greater
Protected against solid The object probe, sphere of 12.5mm
2 foreign objects of 12.5mm diameter, shall not fully penetrate*
diameter and greater
Protected against solid The object probe of 2.5mm
3 foreign objects of 2.5mm diameter shall not penetrate at all*
diameter and greater
Protected against solid The object probe of 1.0mm
4 foreign objects of 1.0mm diameter shall not penetrate at all*
diameter and greater
Dust-protected Ingress of dust is not totally prevented,
but dust shall not penetrate in a quantity
5 to interfere with satisfactory operation
of the aparatus or to impair safety
6 Dust-tight No ingress of dust

* The full diamater of the object probe shall not pass through an opening of the enclosure
TECHNICAL

188
IP Code for Degrees of Protection
(cont.)
The following Table is based on AS1939-1990 classification of degrees of protection
provided by enclosures for electrical equipment.

Protection Against Water

Indicated by the 2nd Numeral

Second Degree of Protection

Characteristic
Numeral Brief Description Definition
0 Non-protected None
Protected against vertically Vertically falling drops shall have no
1 falling water drops harmful effects
Protected against vertically Vertically falling drops shall have no
falling water drops when harmful effects when the enclosure
2 enclosure tilted up to 15 is tilted at any angle up to 15 on
either side of the vertical
Protected against Water sprayed at an angle up to 60
3 spraying water on either side of the vertical shall have
no harmful effects
Protected against Water splashed against the enclosure
4 splashing water from any direction shall have no
harmful effects
Protected against Water projected in jets against the
5 water jets enclosure from any direction shall
have no harmful effects
Protected against Water projected in powerful jets
6 powerful water jets against the enclosure from any
direction shall have no harmful effects
Protected against the Ingress of water in quantities causing
effects of temporary harmful effects shall not be possible
7 immersion in water when the enclosure is temporarily
immersed in water under standardised
conditions of pressure and time
Protected against the Ingress of water in quantities causing
effects of continuous harmful effects shall not be possible
immersion in water when the enclosure is continuously
8 immersed in water under conditions
which shall be agreed between
manufacturer and user but which are
more severe than for numeral 7
TECHNICAL

189
IP Code for Degrees of Protection
(cont.)
The following Table is based on AS1939-1990 classification of degrees of protection
provided by enclosures for electrical equipment.

Protection Against Access to Harzardous Parts

Indicated by the Additional Letter (optional)

First Degree of Protection

Characteristic
Numeral Brief Description Definition
A Protected against access The access probe, sphere of 50mm
(for use with with the back of the hand diameter, shall have adequate
1st numeral 0) clearance from hazardous parts
B Protected against access The jointed test finger of 12mm diameter,
(for use with with a finger 80mm length, shall have adequate
1st numerals clearance from hazardous parts
0 & 1)
C Protected against access The access probe of 2.5mm diameter,
(for use with with a tool 100mm length, shall have adequate
1st numerals clearance from hazardous parts
0, 1 & 2)
D Protected against access The access probe of 1.0mm diameter,
(for use with with a wire 100mm length, shall have adequate
1st numerals clearance from hazardous parts
0, 1, 2 & 3)

Example of IP Code using optional letter: IP 3 4 D

Code letters
1st characteristic numeral
2nd characteristic numeral
Additional letter

An enclosure with this designation (IP Code)

(3) - protects persons handling tools having a diameter of 2.5mm and greater against access to
hazardous parts
- protects the equipment inside the enclosure against ingress of solid foreign objects having a
diameter of 2.5mm and greater.
(4) - protects the equipment inside the enclosure against harmful effects due to water splashed against
the enclosure from any direction.
(D) - protects persons handling wires of diameter 1.0mm and less against access to hazardous parts.
TECHNICAL

190
Contactor Recommended Ratings at
415Vac Operational Voltage
Current Ratings (A) DOL Motor Starter ratings (kW)
LG Contactor Resistive Inductive Inductive Slip Ring & Inching &
Type GMC Load Load Load Squirrel Cage Plugging
Frame Size Category Categories Category Categories Category
AC1 AC2/AC3 AC4 AC2/AC3 AC4
GMC-9 20 9 - 4 -
GMC-12 20 12 9 5.5 4
GMC-18 25 18 9 7.5 4
GMC-22 32 22 13 11 5.5
GMC-32 50 32 17 15 7.5
GMC-40 60 40 24 18.5 11
GMC-50 80 50 32 22 15
GMC-65 100 65 47 30 22
GMC-75 110 75 52 37 25
GMC-85 135 85 - 45 -

Contractor Selection for

Star-Delta use (2 & 3)
Motor ratings
(kW) Star (MCS) Delta (MCD) Main(MCM)
5.5 GMC-9 GMC-9 GMC-9
7.5 GMC-9 GMC-9 GMC-9
11 GMC-9 GMC-12 GMC-12
15 GMC-12 GMC-18 GMC-18
18.5 GMC-12 GMC-22 GMC-22
22 GMC-18 GMC-22 GMC-22
30 GMC-22 GMC-40 GMC-40
37 GMC-22 GMC-40 GMC-40
45 GMC-32 GMC-65 GMC-65
55 GMC-40 GMC-65 GMC-65
75 GMC-65 GMC-85 GMC-85
90 GMC-65 GMC-100 GMC-100
Notes:
1. All contactor recommended ratings are for 40C air ambient temperature (enclosure fluid environment).
For higher temperature conditions, please consult our nearest
Sales Office for recommendations.
2. Max. start duration 15 secs.
TECHNICAL

3. Max. starts per hour 15, limit of bimetal overload.

191
1. Offset tags 2-hole fixing 2. Offset tags 2-hole fixing 3. Central tags 2-hole fixing

4. Central tags 4-hole fixing 5. Central tags 4-hole fixing 6. Central tags 4-hole fixing
BS88 Fuselink Diagrams

192
TECHNICAL
TECHNICAL

TYPE A B D E F G H J K L M

193
1. OFFSET TAGS 2-HOLE FIXING
NIT2-20M32 36.5 14.1 55.6 11.1 0.8 44.5 4.7 14.3
2. OFFSET TAGS 2-HOLE FIXING
TIA32-32M63 56.4 23.8 85.8 8.7 1.2 73.0 5.2 8.1 24.9
TIS35-63 56.4 23.8 85.8 8.7 1.2 73.0 5.2 8.1 24.9
TIS63M80-63M100 58.0 26.2 90.5 12.7 1.2 73.0 5.2 7.5 27.8
TCP80-100 58.0 26.2 111.0 19.1 2.4 93.7 8.7 11.9 27.5
TCP100M160-M200 70.0 34.9 111.0 19.1 2.4 93.7 8.7 11.9 34.9
TFP125-200 70.0 34.9 111.0 19.1 2.4 93.7 8.7 11.9 34.9
3. CENTRAL TAGS 2-HOLE FIXING
TB2-63 58.0 26.2 111.9 12.7 1.6 96.9 7.1 10.3 61.9
TBC2-63 58.0 26.2 128.7 14.3 1.6 111.0 8.7 11.9 61.9
TC80-100 58.0 26.2 136.5 19.1 3.25 111.0 8.7 11.9 58.0
TF125-200 70.0 34.9 136.5 19.1 3.2 111.0 8.7 11.9 79.4
TF200M250-M315 77.0 41.3 136.5 19.1 3.2 111.0 8.7 11.9 79.4
TKF250-315M355 77.0 54.0 136.5 25.4 3.2 111.0 8.7 11.9 82.0
TKM250-315 77.0 54.0 160.2 25.4 3.2 133.4 10.3 13.5 82.0
TMF355-400M450 83.0 61.1 136.5 25.4 6.3 111.0 8.7 11.9 85.8
4. CENTRAL TAGS 4-HOLE FIXING
TM355-400M450 83.0 61.1 211.0 25.4 6.3 133.0 10.3 11.9 25.4 95.0
TMT355-400 83.0 61.1 255.4 25.4 6.3 165.0 10.3 13.5 31.8 95.0
TTM450-630 81.8 76.2 209.6 25.4 6.3 133.0 10.3 11.9 25.4 95.0
TT450-630 81.8 76.2 266.7 38.1 6.3 165.0 10.3 15.1 31.8 108.0
TLM670-800 88.1 82.5 209.6 25.4 9.5 133.0 10.3 15.1 25.4 100.1
TLT670-800 88.1 82.5 266.7 38.1 7.8 165.0 10.3 15.1 31.8 114.3
5. CENTRAL TAGS 4-HOLE FIXING
TUV1000-1600 95.3 88.9 273.1 69.9 12.7 158.8 15.8 28.5 39.7 19.0
BS88 Fuselink Dimensions (mm)

6. CENTRAL TAGS 4-HOLE FIXING

TLU560-800 90.5 83.3 200.0 63.5 9.5 149.0 13.5 15.9 31.8 101.6
TXU1000-1250 88.9 101.6 200.0 63.5 9.5 149.0 13.5 16.7 31.8 95.0