Answer these questions by reading the following pages
Muscular System Tour
Skeletal Muscle
Name ___________________ Hour _______
Move your bones.
Muscular System
Voluntary (___________)
There are more than _____ muscles in the Human Body!!!
Muscles are: Over _______________
Needed for _________________________________
Needed for _________________________________ Long _______________
Needed for _________________________________
Stripes_____________________________
Needed for _________________________________
Did you see cardiac muscle under the microscope?
Needed for _________________________________
Cardiac Muscle Smooth Muscle
3 Types of Muscle
The muscle of the heart. The muscle of ________
Identify the three types of muscle from the diagram: Involuntary (_________)
Involuntary (__________)
Works _______________
Contract ____________
Strongest ____________
Can remain______________
Only ______________________________
_______ _______ _______ Usually______________________
Some_______________________________
Muscle Muscle Muscle
No stripes (striations)
Did you see cardiac muscle under the microscope?
Anatomy of a Muscle How a Muscle Works
A skeletal muscle works by __________.
Identify: The muscle can shorten as much as _______________. A
Each muscle cell is made up of smaller _____________.
Bone
The __________ are in contact with a nerve ending.
B
Tendon B The nerve releases a chemical called a _____________.
The __________ stimulates the entire muscle to contract.
C
Myofibril C
Identify: Fascicle Muscle Cell
Cell Nuclei Myofibril Relaxed Myofibril Contracted D
Fascicle A
Body of Muscle Muscle to Tendon to Bone
Muscle Fiber
Tendons attach ________ to ________.
Which of these (above)
D
is the muscle cell?
G
E Opposites Contract and relax
F Muscles work in ________.
While one muscle in the pair contracts
the other must _________.
Muscular System Tour Lab
page 4
The Muscles a front view The Muscles a back view
A Identify: place the letter next to the name. A
B Teres major Triceps
C Trapezius Muscles to fingers
Biceps Brachioradialis
H B
Deltoid Latissimus Dorsi
J
C
K
G
L D
H
E I F
D M K J
F L E
Identify: place the M
letter next to the name.
Identify: place the letter next to the name.
Brachialis
Gastrocnemius Gluteus maximus Achilles tendon Hamstring Gluteus medius
Temporalis
Pectoralis major G N
Ligament of wrist Label: place the letter next to the name.
Trapezius
A
Ligaments of foot
D
B C
Gluteus maximus
Biceps Latissimus dorsi
Brachioradialis
K Pectoralis major
J
Deltoid Gastrocnemius
H G
Quadraceps Muscles to fingers
I
Satorius F Triceps
Hamstring Tendon
Serratus Brachioradialis
Masseter E Deltoid
Use your front view and back view
Sternomastoid Biceps
O diagrams to label these muscles
Rectus Abdominus Exterior oblique
Gluteus medius
Ligaments hold bones together
How many ligaments are shown in the labeled diagram? ____________
Hint: you will need to count the ligaments in the diagram (not bone or tendon)
Describe the feeling of having your muscles artificially stimulated?
The Muscular System Tour Lab
The Muscular System
There are more than 600 muscles in the Human Body!!!
Muscles are
Needed for all types of movement.
Needed to pump blood
Needed to breathe (diaphragm muscle).
Needed to produce body heat and regulate
body temperature.
Needed to Protect internal organs.
The Muscular System Tour Lab
3 Types of Muscle
Skeletal Muscle:
Voluntary (under your conscious control)
Movement of your bones, face, eyes, etc.
Cardiac Muscle:
Involuntary (not under your conscious control)
Movement of your heart and certain blood
vessels.
Smooth Muscle:
Involuntary (not under your conscious control)
Movement of your intestines, esophagus, and
other internal organs.
The Muscular System Tour Lab
Skeletal Muscle
Nuclei
Striations
400X
(High Power)
Move your bones (also your face, eyes etc)
Voluntary (you can control them)
Over 400 skeletal muscles in your body
Long cells with several nuclei (along edges of cell)
Stripes called striations in cell (visible in high power)
The Muscular System Tour Lab
Cardiac Muscle
Nuclei
400X
(High Power)
Striations cannot be easily seen at
this magnification
The muscle of the Heart
Involuntary (you cannot control them)
Works 24 hours a day every day of your life!!!
Strongest type of muscle
Only one nucleus per cell (usually in center of cell)
Some striping (striations) but not as much as skeletal muscle
The Muscular System Tour Lab
Smooth Muscle
Nuclei
400X
(High Power)
The muscles of the esophagus, stomach, intestines and
other internal organs
Involuntary (you cannot control them)
Contract slowly and smoothly
Can remain contracted for long periods of time
Usually one nucleus per cell (usually in center of cell)
No striping (striations)
The Muscular System Tour Lab
Anatomy of a Muscle
Bone
Body of
Tendon
Muscle
Nuclei of cell
Fascicle
(Bundle of Muscle Fibers) Myofibril
Muscle Fiber
(Muscle Cell)
The Muscular System Tour Lab
How a Muscle Works
A skeletal muscle works by
CONTRACTING (getting shorter).
The muscle can shorten as much as
1/3 its resting length.
Fascicle (group of muscle cells)
Each muscle cell is made up of many
smaller MYOFIBRILS
Muscle Cell
The MYOFIBRILS are in contact
with a nerve ending.
Myofibril Relaxed
The nerve releases a chemical
called a NEUROTRANSMITTER.
Myofibril Contracted
The Neurotransmitter stimulates Nerve ending in contact with muscle cell
Motor Nerve
the entire muscle cell to contract.
Myofibrils
Muscle Cell
The Muscular System Tour Lab
Muscle to Tendon to Bone
Muscle
Tendon
TENDONS
Bone Attach
Muscle to Bone
Muscle
T
e
n
d
Bone Tendon
o
n Muscle
Bone
The Muscular System Tour Lab
Opposites Contract and Relax
Biceps
Contracted Biceps
Relaxed
Triceps Triceps
Relaxed Contracted
Arm Flexed (bent)
Arm Extended
Muscles work in pairs. The biceps muscle will bend the arm at the
elbow and the triceps muscle will straighten the arm.
While one muscle in the pair contracts the other must relax.
The Muscular System Tour Lab
The Muscles a front view
The Muscular System Tour Lab
The Muscles a back view
The Muscular System Tour Lab
The Muscles a side view
Ligament of wrist
Using the muscle diagrams for the
A front view and the back view, identify
and label these muscles on your lab
K
B sheet. (do front and back view stations first)
J C
I
Choose muscle names from this list:
H
Gluteus maximus
G
Latissimus dorsi
Pectoralis major F
Gastrocnemius
Hamstring tendon
Muscles to fingers
Triceps E
Brachioradialis
Deltoid
Biceps
Exterior oblique
Gluteus medius
The Muscular System Tour Lab
Ligaments hold bones together
The Muscular System Tour Lab
Muscle Stimulation
Answer questions on lab answer sheet
Your muscles contract when a mild electric current comes in contact
with the myofibrils in the muscle cells. The chemicals in your body
produce the electricity to cause a muscle to contract.
If muscles are stimulated from an
artificial electrical signal, they will
contract but without your
conscious control. This is what a
MUSCLE STIMULATOR does.
Do this:
Go see your teacher for a
shocking demonstration.
(for the next 30 seconds we are in
control of your muscles)
