paraline drawing
ddesign
i tools
t l andd skills
kill 1
fall 2010
paraline a method of drawing projection
in which matching axes are parallel and note
lengths at the same scale
paraline a method of drawing projection
in which matching axes are parallel and note
lengths at the same scale
isometric
axonometric
axonometric
45 degree
30-60 degree
elevation oblique
paraline drawing types
all vertical lines remain vertical
all parallel lines remain parallel
all lines parallel to x-y-z axes can be drawn to scale
isometric
iso + metric = equal measure
all three visible surfaces have equal emphasis
orthographic plans and elevations can never be used
in an isometric drawing
isometric cube procedure
draw vertical line from baseline
draw bottom edges of cube, rotated 30 degrees
add remaining vertical lines
complete with parallel lines
grinding engine (1822)
william farrish
parc de la villette(1983)
bernard tschumi
habitat extension module
mark hempsell
120 deg.
120 deg.
120 deg.
120 deg.
isometric curve
120 deg.
120 deg.
isometric curve
120 deg.
120 deg.
isometric curve
120 deg.
120 deg.
isometric curve
plan
isometric
oblique
unclear
problems with isometric drawings
parallel lines can appear to diverge
cubic forms and 45 degree lines may appear flat
oblique projection may be more clear
elevation oblique
-vertical plane remains parallel to the drawing surface,
usually reserved for most important face of building
-orthographic elevation can be used, in true scale
sant andrea
leon alberti
axonometric
(plan oblique)
orthographic plans can be used to show accurate
horizontal forms
higher angle of view than isometric
30-60 degree projection gives one vertical face
more emphasis
architectural graphics
ching
aj. mark
aj. mark
aj. mark
aj. mark (right)
house vi (1974)
p. eisenman
delirious NY (1963)
r. koolhaas