ARABY by JAMES JOYCE:

CHARACTERS:
Narrator: Boy of about twelve who becomes infatuated with the sister of his
friend, Mangan.
Boy about the same age as the narrator. He is a companion and neighbour of
the narrator.
Other Neighbour: Companions of the narrator.
Mangan's Sister: Girl to whom the narrator is attracted.
Narrator's Uncle, Aunt: Relatives who are rearing the narrator.
Schoolmaster: Narrator's teacher.
Stall Attendant: Young Englishwoman who sells vases, tea sets, and similar
wares at the Araby bazaar. Two Englishmen: Young men with whom the stall
attendant flirts.
SETTING:
North Richmond Street, The climactic scene takes place in South Dublin,
across the River Liffey from central Dublin, at a bazaar in a large building.
Such a bazaarbilled as Araby
PLOT:
The little boy lives with his aunt and uncle on a dead-end street in Dublin, in
a house formerly occupied by a now deceased priest. The boy is impressed
and somewhat mystified by the moldy booksa historical romance, a pious
tract, and a detective autobiographyand other reminders of the previous
tenant.
The action of the story begins with the childrens games, played in the lanes
and backyards of the neighborhood during the winter twilight. These games
end when the sister of one of the boysnamed Mangancalls her little
brother in to his tea. The image of this girl standing in the lighted doorway so
fixes itself in the boys imagination that he begins to pursue her shyly in the
street. Even in the bustle of the weekly grocery shopping, he carries with him
a feeling about her that amounts to something like mystical rapture.
Then, one day, while the other little boys are playing, she asks him if he is
going to a bazaar, named Araby. She is unable to go because of religious
activities at her school, but he undertakes to go and bring her a gift instead.
This brief conversation and the prospect of the trip to the bazaar cause the
boy to lose concentration on his lessons and regard his playmates with
disdain.

The Saturday of the bazaar is acutely agonizing for the boy. He has to wait all
day long for his uncle to come home and give him the required pocket
money. He withdraws from play and wanders through the upper empty rooms
of the house, dreaming of the girl. His apprehension during suppertime is
compounded by the chatter of a visiting woman. Finally, at nine oclock, his
uncle arrives home, somewhat drunk, for his dinner. He greets the boys
anxious reminder of his trip with some patronizing clichs.
When he sets out at last, the boy finds that he is alone on the special train
arranged for the bazaar, and finally arrives there at 9:50 p.m. In his haste, he
pays the adult fee at the turnstile, only to find that the bazaar is just about to
close and the days take is being counted. Hesitantly, he approaches one of
the few stalls still open, one selling pottery. The young lady in charge of this
stall pauses momentarily in her flirtatious banter with two young men to
attend to the boys diffident interest in her wares. He is so put off by all his
disappointments and her tone of voice, however, that he at once decides not
to buy anything. Instead, he simply stands there in the middle of the
darkening bazaar, incensed at the betrayal of his hopes and the shattering of
his illusions.
POINT OF VIEW:
An adolescent boy narrates the story in first-person point of view. He does
not identify himself. But to readers familiar with the life and works of Joyce, it
becomes clear that he represents the author. Joyce based characters, places,
and events in the story on recollections from his boyhood, although he
altered reality from time to time.

FOOTNOTE TO YOUTH by JOSE GARCIA VILLa, poet "Doveglion"

(eagle-lion)
CHARACTERS:
Dodong- main character of the story who got married at the age of 17
Teang- partner of Dodong
Lucio- Teang's other suitor, married and childless
Blas- oldest son of Dodong and Teang, who followed their footstep, marry
Tona at 18
Tona- woman whom Blas want to marry
PLOT:
Dodong wanted to marry Teang and asked his father's permission. Thinking
that since they are young, their love would be short, he allowed them to get
married. After nine months, Teang gave birth to a child named Blas. For six
consecutive years, a new child came along. Teang did not complain even
thought she secretly regretted being married at an early age. Sometimes she

even wondered if she would have the same life if Lucio, her other suitor who
was nine years older than Dodong, was the one she married. Lucio has had
no children since the time he married. When Teang and Dodong were twenty
they
looked
like
they
were
fifty.
When Blas was 18, he told his father that he would marry Tona. Dodong did
not object, but tried to make Blas think twice before rushing to marriage because Dodong doesn't want Blas to end up like him.

MY FATHER GOES TO COURT by CARLOS BULOSAN

(First American Author)
CHARACTERS:
Richman, poor father, daughters, lawyer, judge
PLOT:
When I was four, I lived with my mother and brothers and sisters in a small
town on the island of Luzon. Fathers farm had been destroyed in 1918 by
one of our sudden Philippine floods, so for several years afterward we all
lived in the town, though he preferred living in the country. We had a nextdoor neighbor, a very rich man, whose sons and daughters seldom came out
of the house. While we boys and girls played and sand in the sun, his
children stayed inside and kept the windows closed. His house was so tall
that his children could look in the windows of our house and watch us as we
played, or slept, or ate, when there was any food in the house to eat.
Now, this rich mans servants were always frying and cooking something
good, and the aroma of the food was wafted down to us from the windows of
the big house. We hung about and took all the wonderful smell of the food
into our beings. Sometimes, in the morning, our whole family stood outside
the windows of the rich mans house and listened to the musical sizzling of
thick strips of bacon or ham. I can remember one afternoon when our
neighbors servants roasted three chickens. The chickens were young and
tender and the fat that dripped into the burning coals gave off an enchanting
odor. We watched the servants turn the beautiful birds and inhaled the
heavenly spirit that drifted out to us.
Some days the rich man appeared at a window and glowered down at us. He
looked at us one by one, as though he were condemning us. We were all
healthy because we went out in the sun every day and bathed in the cool
water of the river that flowed from the mountains into the sea. Sometimes

we wrestled with one another in the house before we went out to play.
We were always in the best of spirits and our laughter was contagious. Other
neighbors who passed by our house often stopped in our yard and joined us
in our laughter.
Laughter was our only wealth. Father was a laughing man. He would go in to
the living room and stand in front of the tall mirror, stretching his mouth into
grotesque shapes with his fingers and making faces at himself, and then he
would rush into the kitchen, roaring with laughter.
There was plenty to make us laugh. There was, for instance, the day one of
my brothers came home and brought a small bundle under his arm,
pretending that he brought something to eat, maybe a leg of lamb or
something as extravagant as that to make our mouths water. He rushed to
mother and through the bundle into her lap. We all stood around, watching
mother undo the complicated strings. Suddenly a black cat leaped out of the
bundle and ran wildly around the house. Mother chased my brother and beat
him with her little fists, while the rest of us bent double, choking with
laughter.
Another time one of my sisters suddenly started screaming in the middle of
the night. Mother reached her first and tried to calm her. My sister criedand
groaned. When father lifted the lamp, my sister stared at us with shame in
her eyes.
What is it? <br=""Im pregnant! she cried.
Dont be a fool! Father shouted.
Youre only a child, Mother said.
Im pregnant, I tell you! she cried.
Father knelt by my sister. He put his hand on her belly and rubbed it gently.
How do you know you are pregnant? he asked.
Feel it! she cried.
We put our hands on her belly. There was something moving inside. Father
was frightened. Mother was shocked. Whos the man? she asked.
Theres no man, my sister said.
What is it then? Father asked.
Suddenly my sister opened her blouse and a bullfrog jumped out. Mother
fainted, father dropped the lamp, the oil spilled on the floor, and my sisters
blanket caught fire. One of my brothers laughed so hard he rolled on the
floor.
When the fire was extinguished and Mother was revived, we turned to bed
and tried to sleep, but Father kept on laughing so loud we could not sleep
any more. Mother got up again and lighted the oil lamp; we rolled up the
mats on the floor and began dancing about and laughing with all our might.

We made so much noise that all our neighbors except the rich family came
into the yard and joined us in loud, genuine laughter.
It was like that for years.
As time went on, the rich mans children became thin and anemic, while we
grew even more robust and full of fire. Our faces were bright and rosy, but
theirs were pale and sad. The rich man started to cough at night; then he
coughed day and night. His wife began coughing too. Then the children
started to cough one after the other. At night their coughing sounded like
barking of a herd of seals. We hung outside their windows and listened to
them. We wondered what had happened to them. We knew that they were
not sick from lack of nourishing food because they were still always frying
something delicious to eat.
One day the rich man appeared at a window and stood there a long time. He
looked at my sisters, who had grown fat with laughing, then at my brothers,
whose arms and legs were like the molave, which is the sturdiest tree in the
Philippines. He banged down the window and ran through the house,
shutting all the windows.
From that day on, the windows of our neighbors house were closed. The
children did not come outdoors anymore. We could still hear the servants
cooking in the kitchen, and no matter how tight the windows were shut, the
aroma of the food came to us in the wind and drifted gratuitously into our
house.
One morning a policeman from the presidencia came to our house with a
sealed paper. The rich man had filled a complaint against us. Father took me
with him when he went to the town clerk and asked him what it was all
about. He told Father the man claimed that for years we had been stealing
the spirit of his wealth and food.
When the day came for us to appear in court, Father brushed his old army
uniform and borrowed a pair of shoes from one of my brothers. We were the
first to arrive. Father sat on a chair in the center of the courtroom. Mother
occupied a chair by the door. We children sat on a long bench by the wall.
Father kept jumping up his chair and stabbing the air with his arms, as
though he were defending himself before an imaginary jury.
The rich man arrived. He had grown old and feeble; his face was scarred with
deep lines. With him was his young lawyer. Spectators came in and almost
filled the chairs. The judge entered the room and sat on a high chair. We
stood up in a hurry and sat down again.
After the courtroom preliminaries, the judge took at father. Do you have a
lawyer? he asked.
I dont need a lawyer judge. He said.

Proceed, said the judge.

The rich mans lawyer jumped and pointed his finger at Father, Do you or do
you not agree that you have been stealing the spirit of the complainants
wealth and food?
I do not! Father said.
Do you or do you not agree that while the complainants servants cooked
and fried fat legs of lambs and young chicken breasts, you and your family
hung outside your windows and inhaled the heavenly spirit of the food?
I agree, Father said.
How do you account for that?
Father got up and paced around, scratching his head thoughtfully. Then he
said, I would like to see the children of the complainant, Judge.
Bring the children of the complainant.
They came shyly. The spectators covered their mouths with their hands. They
were so amazed to see the children so thin and pale. The children walked
silently to a bench and sat down without looking up. They stared at the floor
and moved their hands uneasily.
Father could not say anything at first. He just stood by his chair and looked at
them. Finally he said, I should like to cross-examine the complainant.
Proceed.
Do you claim that we stole the spirit of your wealth and became a laughing
family while yours became morose and sad? Father asked.
Yes.
Then we are going to pay you right now, Father said. He walked over to
where we children were sitting on the bench and took my straw hat off my
lap and began filling it up with centavo pieces that he took out his pockets.
He went to Mother, who added a fistful of silver coins. My brothers threw in
their small change.
May I walk to the room across the hall and stay there for a minutes, Judge?
Father asked.
As you wish.
Thank you, Father said. He strode into the other room with the hat in his
hands. It was almost full of coins. The doors of both rooms were wide open.
Are you ready? Father called.
Proceed. The judge said.
The sweet tinkle of coins carried beautifully into the room. The spectators
turned their faces toward the sound with wonder. Father came back and
stood before the complainant.
Did you hear it? he asked.
Hear what? the man asked.

The spirit of the money when I shook this hat? he asked.

Yes.
Then you are paid. Father said.
The rich man opened his mouth to speak and fell to the floor without a
sound. The lawyer rushed to his aid. The judge pounded his gravel.
Case dismissed, he said.
Father strutted around the courtroom. The judge even came down to his high
chair to shake hands with him. By the way, he whispered, I had an uncle
who died laughing.
You like to hear my family laugh, judge? Father asked.
Why not?
Did you hear that children? Father said.
My sister started it. The rest of us followed them and soon the spectators
were laughing with us, holding their bellies and bending over the chairs. And
the laughter of the judge was the loudest of all.

HOW MY BROTHER LEON BROUGHT HOME A WIFE

by MANUEL E. ARGUILLA
CHARACTERS:
Leon/Noel - Maria's husband, older brother of Baldo
Maria - Leon's wife
Baldo - Leon's younger brother, also the narrator of this story
Mother and Father of Leon and Baldo
Aurelia - Leon and Baldo's younger sister
Labang - the carabao
SETTING:
Nagrebcan, Bauang La Union
PLOT:

-Leon and Baldo waited for the arrival of Maria at the barrio.
-Maria was afraid that she won't be accepted by Leon's father because she
may not able -to adapt their way of living in the province.
-Baldo was ignoring to his older brother's question about why did they have
to go to Waig instead of Camino Real. (The reason is that their father wanted
to test Maria if she is worthy to be Leon's wife.)
-Baldo discussed their travel to his father.
-Leon's entire family talked to Maria. his Father's voice became livelier than
before when he talked to her (which means he accepted her wholeheartedly.)

Summary:
In the story, Leon arrived with his wife in the country meeting Leon's brother
for the first time. They took a surprising route home for Leon, but it was
meant as a test for the wife to see if she could endure the sacrifices she
made and meet her new family.
The entire story serves as a test for the wife. Each test was to show whether
the woman could indeed live with strangers all for love. This can be a
secondary theme, but more importantly, it is a theme in which the main
character learns that though there are sacrifices it is worth it in the end.
He even begins to think about getting himself a wife eventually. This helps to
show the theme and how it developed. He notices through all the tests the
woman though afraid will preserve through the trials in order to be happy
with Leon at his home.The fact that the country is different from the city can
be somewhat daunting the closer they get to the home, but she still
manages to overcome and under come any trials.The wife admits to having
some fear, but also shows clearly it did not stop her. This is why the theme is
related to how one may have to give up some things in order to find
happiness in life or at least the best happiness that can be found in that
particular life.

Y MISS PHATUPATS
neng Juan Crisostomo Sotto
Y Miss Yeyeng mtung yang dalgang mipnng colorte lpa. gra qg ding
pgr na bait la qg mtung nang sluc ning Capampgan, at qg pall
nang malatng baln nti. li na nta y Miss Yyeng Filipna ya manibat qg
bitis angga qg buntuc, at angg na ing sicti nang buac Capampgan
naman.
Ing bi ra dti, anti ning malc m, lsa mmagtinda m; at y Miss Yyeng
marjil d canung cquit mmuntuc guinatan o cay bitiu-bitiung pgtinda
nang pupuntucan at lalcad nung n carin ing sglan. Angga ngni al
pang scat pnibayuan qg bi nang Miss.
Mpayp ing revolucin. Ing gobierno militar Americno mbuclat yang
escuelas at mml yang mpilan caring sundlus a tr carti. Anti ning y
Miss Yyeng, Yyeng ya pa canta, al ya pang Miss, atin yang ca-squ
carting sundlus o caring maestrong sundlus. Pgpilt nti ing papagarl

n qg escuelang nung n ya ttur, b lang micintindi; lng gning

misbi la, ing sundlus mg-Ingls ya at y Yyeng Capampgan n man,
ini pin pguimbut nang matlic ing magral nti.
Mpilan mng blan, y Miss Yyeng ssbi nng Ingls; at caras ning ualng
blan a tapat, qg capamlat na ning maestrong sundlus pptad d qg
mtung a baln, mig-maestra ya carin.
Iniang carin n ttur, sabian pa casi ing pmamalquid ding mmaln caya
lng cquit dng bisa ya mong Ingls carla.
Macanian llbas ing panaun: y Miss Yyeng bitasng n ssbing
Capampgan, lng gna caligu na na. At ing Capampgan canu
masias at masasaclit ya dl, ini capilan man ya mitlid at balid ya canti.
Dtang clam a mcquilla caya, gning daramdaman da iti, agad da
nng pcalbitan. Inalilan d laguing mlus, at ing pmalagui ra ining
matn at masaligsang a Miss Phathupats, laguing mnibat qg tinuac
nang malpad a plit nang ptan qg corcheng misnng catlic a bibl na,
ini pin al yang quliuan qg patpat o sman bulagtng mtlic a bidbid.
Manibat na canta iting lagui mpalcad caya, at caliguan dang mlus
ing Yyeng a malambut nang paly. Ing Miss Phathupats ya ing mpalcad.
Macanian mlambat mbait ya Ing mgabran, pjayagan
Capmpagan Baclud. Qg mtung a fista velda qg baln X a nung n
ya mtgun y Miss Phathupats babsan d iti. Lnpit ya y Miss, at iniang
quit na ing Capampgan ya, snib yang bagui, pling n ing buntuc na, at
gna:
Mi no entiende el Pampango.

Mi no entiende ese Castellano, Miss, gna naman ning mtung a pusacal.

Pquiaps n tnu.
Dtang pcarungut mpatman la; dpt lng maquipgarlan la, agad dang
linlt ppajalat qg malagng Miss. At iti agguiang bl na ing anti rng
mumulagan, sinlung na rin, at gna:
Qg camatutunan, tut cung pgcasaqutan sabian ing Capampgan, at
ll na pa nung babsan cu.

Canting mpilan a amnung sinbi na, lnub la gan ding anggang

diccionariong tinda, o gcu uar, ing Ingls, Castl, Taglug a mbabng
psamutsmut na. ra na tutng cuat ding dramdam, mpacail lang
masican.
Mimu ya y Miss Phathupats, inarap n ring mil at gna:
Por qu rer?

Por el champurao, Miss, gna ning minnang mqubat.

Llng msican ing sgacgcan dtang mquiramdam, at i Miss Phathupats
mtatas n man a vapor.
Ing mtung a macarugut gna:
yu pgmulalan qg y Miss Phatupats ya bisang Capampgan: mna
lng malambat nng mquitus caring sundlus a Americano, at ing
caddu, n Capampgan. Ing caust na nta ing lagui na Miss
Phathupats.

Canta mmacbung. Acbung a misnng casican, mitdas ya ing caldra nang

Miss Phathupats, at qutang asbuc nang masp, linual gan ing lablab ning
Vesbio, ing sablng sbing marinat qg amnung Capampgan bigl na
gang pmsan qg asbuc nang mguing dapug.
Alng marne! Mapanc! Mnlalsun! Anac --! gna qg msbing
amnung Capampgan.
Ab! Capampgan ya pal! gra ding dramdam.
U, yu bl? gna ning mtung a mcquilla qua. Anac neng
matung Goding Cacbung a cabrriu cu.

Mpasagacgac lang masican ding pcayalb. Y Miss Phathupats mpaquiac ya

canta, at qutang pmipulis-plis na qg lu nang ttl tnuqu ing
macapal a blanqute. Qutang lpa na lint ing talag nang cle, matuling
ya pa qg duat. Ini iniang quit da iti ding lalb, ll lang mpacail at gra:
Abh! Matuling ya pala!

U, Americna Ngra ya!

Gliscan, pacpcan, sgacgcan ing mararamdam canta. Y Miss

Phathupats na bat. Linual yang tap-tapisung qg dlan at gna:
Mi no vuelve en esta casa.

Adis, Miss a bisang Capampgan!

Adis, Miss Alice Roosevelt!

Adis, Miss Phathupats!
Macanian yang psaluslu ra. At ing paccallng Yyeng mc yang bulungbulung con el rabum inter pernarum...
Caracal da ring Miss Phathupats qg panaun gne, n bisang
Capampgan pcarne ra ing Capampgan lng mcsbi nng Ingls a
champurao.