Coatings
Formulation
Guide
Formulating High-Quality
Coatings with Celatom
Functional Additives
round the world, makers of
high-quality architectural
and industrial coatings have
discovered the benefits
of Celatom diatomaceous
earth (DE), also known
as diatomite or kieselghr.
In most
industrially-developed regions, DE is used
in the majority of high-quality interior and
exterior formulations. In recent years, strong
economic growth and booming construction
markets in developing countries have
attracted the attention of major international
paint companies. They have acquired local
companies and invested heavily in modern
facilities and advertising, in markets
that were traditionally served by local or
regional paint producers. In response, local
producers are seeking to increase the quality
of their products to remain competitive.
In many cases, Celatom DE has been an
important component of their new highperformance formulations.
This guide is intended primarily for those
coatings chemists who are not experienced
with the use of DE. It will provide an
explanation of the functions of DE in coatings,
a comparison of DE to other minerals, and
some sample formulations that may serve as
starting points for product development and
testing. EP Minerals also has a dedicated
coatings formulation and testing laboratory,
with the capability to assist our customers with
their development programs.
Case
Studies:
regional coatings producer in Turkey
needed a deep matte architectural finish
for their market, and they desired to
improve the performance of their products to be
more competitive with higher-quality imported
coatings. We introduced them to Celatom
MW-27 as the most effective matting agent on
the market, and they began trials. They were
impressed with the performance of MW-27
not only to achieve a dead-flat finish, but also for
improved hiding capacity and scrub resistance.
The company launched a new line of interior
finishes incorporating MW-27, and developed
a major marketing campaign around their new
higher-quality products.
major international coatings
producer was using a competitors
natural DE product, but when
they learned about the superior efficiency
of Celatom LCS-3, they began a reformulation and testing program. EP
Minerals' paint chemist worked with this
customer on their development program,
including testing their formulations in
our lab and also working side-by-side
in the customers paint lab. Together
we developed a new formulation that
achieved equivalent matting performance
using 30% LESS DE in their formulation
by using LCS-3. This allowed a lower
final pigment volume concentration and
improved scrub and burnish properties,
with equal or reduced cost.
Celatom DE vs. Other Mineral Fillers
Diatomaceous earth is unique among industrial mineral fillers, because of its complex microscopic structure.
Most mineral fillers are produced by grinding and classification of natural crystals, which have forms which are
either blocky (e.g., calcium carbonate, and ground quartz), or plate-like (e.g., talc, clay and mica).
Ground Calcium Carbonate
Mica
Talc
Unlike these typical minerals, DE is of biogenic origin, made by microscopic unicellular aquatic plants, called
diatoms. The individual diatom structures are made of nearly pure silica, with a complex, highly porous threedimensional structure.
This silica structure gives DE unique characteristics:
Chemically inert natural, safe and pure
Dimensionally stable, even at high temperatures
Very low density
Compatible with (and easily dispersed in) both organic and aqueous formulations
High strength
Light diffraction efficiency
Slight abrasiveness and tooth for improved inter-coat adhesion
Consistent particle size and shape
What does Celatom DE do in coatings?
Celatom DE is not just a filler, but a multi-functional mineral additive and a key component in highperformance paints. It does add bulk and reduce cost, but it also improves the overall performance of the
coating in a variety of ways:
Superior gloss and sheen control
Titanium dioxide (TiO2)extension
Control of solvent release and open time
Control of polishing or burnish
Viscosity control - brush feel and shelf stability
Tooth for inter-coat adhesion
Sanding improvement
Scrub and stain resistance
Resistance to cracking
Consistent touch-up performance
There are other minerals that can contribute to some of these functions, but none offer this broad array of
benefits - resulting in a better overall product. Your paint will look better, be more durable, have a longer shelf
life, and it will be easier to apply by brush, roller, or spray.
Multi-Function Effectiveness of Celatom DE
Function
Comment
Control of gloss and sheen
Excellent
Control of film permeability
Function
Comment
Effect on brightness
Good
Good
Effect on tint retention
Good
Tooth for topcoat adhesion
Good
Touch-up improvement
Control of pigment spacing
Good
Suspendability
Good
Faster solvent release
Good
Ease of wetting
Excellent
Sanding improvement
Good
Scrub resistance
Good
Mar resistance
Good
Chip resistance
Good
Transparency in clear coats
Good
Stain removal
Good
Viscosity stability
Good
Excellent
Working together with Other Minerals
Celatom DE functional additives are particularly effective when used in combination with different types
of extender pigments and minerals. For example, talc is made more efficient and provides better sheen when
used in conjunction with Celatom. The sample formulations on the following pages illustrate the effects of
substituting all of a mineral with Celatom, and also the effects of substituting only a portion of another mineral,
using the two minerals in combination.
Another major benefit is that Celatom can be added in smaller amounts than other minerals, while maintaining
the same degree of matting, thus reducing the amount of extenders needed.
Gloss and Sheen Control
Unlike other minerals such as talc and calcium carbonate, Celatom DE has an intricate structure composed
of microscopic individual diatoms. When parts of the diatoms protrude from the coating surface, they diffract
light very efficiently and promote a uniform low sheen. By mixing different grades and quantities, the paints
luster can be uniformly and reliably controlled to any degree, from semigloss to flat.
In general, the larger the particle size, the more flat the finish. For a semi-gloss finish, choose Celabrite or MW25. For a matte finish, LCS-3, MW-27, and MW-31 are the best choices. For a textured or non-slip finish, we
offer particle size ranges up to 100 microns.
In addition, our consistent high-quality and uniform particle sizes assure perfect batch-to-batch matching of
color and sheen, as well as clog-free performance in professional spray equipment.
Because of the low density and high matting efficiency of Celatom DE, a high degree of matting can be
achieved with lower mineral content. The resulting lower pigment volume concentration (PVC) means a
stronger and more durable, higher quality coating, at an equivalent or reduced cost. In addition, Celatom DE
will provide all of the other benefits described above.
Opacity and TiO2 Extension
Because of its low density and narrow particle size distribution, Celatom DE products are efficient extenders for
more-expensive TiO2 pigments. Our diatoms, at 10 to 15 microns in diameter, are optimally sized and structured
for this purpose in two ways. First, the diatoms disperse uniformly in the coating and help space the particles of
TiO2 optimally through the film, for maximum opacity and effectiveness. Second, the size and structure of the
diatoms diffract light as it passes through the film, which improves both matting and opacity, One of the following
sample formulations specifically illustrates how Celatom DE products can be used to replace 5% to 10% of the
TiO2 in a paint formulation with no significant negative effect on color or opacity.
5
Celatom DE Functional Additive Products
The chart below lists the Celatom products commonly used in coatings formulations. Our most popular grades
are flux-calcined products, which are white in color and contain crystalline silica. In addition, EP Minerals
offers a natural DE grades which eliminate the need for crystalline silica labeling. The natural DE also provides
better suspension and dispersion properties in aqueous media.
Typical Physical & Chemical Properties
Grade #
Celabrite
MW-25
MW-27
MW-31
LCS-3
Sieve Analysis1
%+150 Mesh
%+325 Mesh
0.0
0.0
0.1
1.0
5.0
0.7
Median Particle
Diameter (microns)
9.0
11.0
13.0
16.0
11.0
Hegman
4.0
3.5
1.0
2.0
Density (lbs/ft3)
Wet Bulk
Dry Bulk
31
10
30
10
27
12
25
13
22
9.5
Density (g/l)
Wet Bulk
Dry Bulk
500
160
480
160
430
190
400
210
350
152
pH (10%) Slurry)
9.5
10.0
10.0
10.0
7.5
Color
White
White
White
White
Off-White
GE Brightness
91
90
90
90
83
Oil Absorption2
Water Absorption2
120
-
120
-
135
-
145
-
170
-
Refractive Index
1.46
1.46
1.46
1.46
1.46
How to formulate with Celatom DE
Remember that Celatom DE has a low density, so less material is required than other minerals. Fine tuning of
the resin content, solvent dilution, and dispersants may be needed to obtain the optimal performance. On the
following pages are a few example formulations illustrating potential applications, along with the effects on
coating performance.
Density Comparison
CaCO3
Talc
Flux-Calcined
DE
Natural
DE
0
100
200
300
400
Dry Dens ity g/ l
500
600
700
Talc Substitution in Interior Acrylic Paint (PVC = 45%)
100 parts of talc can be replaced with only 30 parts of Celatom MW-25
Better matting (lower gloss)
Better opacity and scrub resistance
Equivalent burnish resistance
Alternatively, to maintain the equal solids, 25 parts of Celatom MW-25 and 75 parts of calcium
carbonate may be used in combination
Much lower gloss
Better opacity and scrub resistance
Reduced burnish resistance vs. talc alone or Celatom alone
Formulation
Paint ID
TiO2
Talc
Celatom MW-25
Ground CaCO3
Talc only
MW-25 only
MW-25 + CaCO3
(Equal solids)
225
100
225
-
225
-
30
25
75
45
47.6
35.1
1.258
95.9
2.014
5
40
42.9
32.5
1.234
98.6
2.225
4.5
45
47.6
35.1
1.222
99.7
2.117
3.8
1.3
5
10
0.96
95.89
-0.89
2.84
973
1.3
4.6
4.7
0.971
96.29
-0.77
3
1476
1.2
3.3
1.8
0.948
95.85
-0.69
3.04
1283
15.0
17.3
15.3
7.6
8.8
15.8
3.6
4.3
19.4
Paint Properties
% PVC
% Solids by weight
% Solids by volume
Density (kg per liter)
Stormer, KU
ICI, poise
Grind
Film Properties
Gloss, 20
Gloss, 60
Sheen, 85
Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film
L*
a*
b*
Scrub resistance, cycles
Burnish resistance
Initial 85
85 after burnish
% Increase in gloss after burnish
Interior Acrylic
Talc Replacement
Sample Formulations
Talc Only
MW-25 Only
MW25 + CaCO3
(Equal Parts)
Ingredients
Water
Natrosol Plus
Grams
150.0
0.5
Grams
150.0
0.5
Grams
150.0
0.5
Nopocide N96
2.0
2.0
2.0
Drewplus Y-381
Tamol 731
Triton X-100
PK-80
1.2
5.4
2.8
2.4
1.2
5.4
2.8
2.4
1.2
5.4
2.8
2.4
Tiona 595
Talc
Celatom MW-25
225.0
100.0
225.0
-
225.0
-
30.0
25.0
Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)
12.9
100.0
12.9
100.0
75.0
12.9
100.0
Ucar 367 PVA
Drewplus Y-381
290.0
2.0
290.0
2.0
290.0
2.0
Water
Natrosol Plus
150.0
1.6
150.0
1.6
150.0
1.6
Ammonium Hydroxide
Drewplus Y-381
Aquaflow 300
Aquaflow 220
1.6
3.6
15.0
20.0
1.6
3.6
8.5
15.0
1.6
3.6
15.0
20.0
Total
1086
1004
1086
Paint ID
Premix
Mix at low speed for 10 minutes
Texanol
Water
Grind at high speed for 10 minutes
Premix
Letdown at low speed for 10 minutes
Interior Acrylic (PVC = 65%)
Partial Replacement of Calcined Clay and Ground CaCO3
Replace 25 parts of CaCO3 carbonate and 25 parts of calcined clay with 25 parts of Celatom MW-25
(by weight)
Improved flatting (decreased sheen and gloss)
Equivalent hiding power (opacity)
Slight improvement in scrub and burnish resistance
Paint Properties
Paint ID
Without MW-25
With MW-25
1.400
1.361
107
110
2.056
2.135
3.5
Gloss, 20
1.2
1.2
Gloss, 60
1.9
1.7
Sheen, 85
1.2
0.9
0.978
0.964
L*
95.94
96.7
a*
-0.77
-0.74
b*
3.03
3.24
Scrub resistance, cycles
350
396
Burnish resistance
Initial 85
85 after burnish
1.9
4.4
1.4
2.9
131.6
111.3
Density (kg per liter)
Stormer, KU
ICI, poise
Grind
Film Properties
Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film
% Increase in gloss after burnish
Interior Acrylic
Partial Replacement of Clay and Ground CaCO3
Sample Formulations
Paint ID
Without MW-25
With MW-25
Grams
172.0
0.5
Grams
172.0
0.5
Diwcil 75
2.0
2.0
Drewplus Y-381
Tamol 731
Trycol 7000
PK-80
1.2
5.4
2.8
2.4
1.2
5.4
2.8
2.4
175.0
175.0
175.0
125.0
150.0
100.0
5.0
12.9
100.0
25.0
5.0
12.9
100.0
175.0
2.0
175.0
2.0
Water
Natrosol Plus
110.0
1.6
110.0
1.6
Ammonium Hydroxide
Drewplus Y-381
Aquaflow 300
Aquaflow 220
Water
1.6
3.6
8.0
15.0
45.0
1.6
3.6
8.0
15.0
45.0
1141
1116
Ingredients
Water
Natrosol Plus
Premix
Mix at low speed for 10 minutes
Tiona 595
Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)
Glomax
Celatom MW-25
Attegal 50
Texanol
Water
Grind at high speed for 10 minutes
Ucar 367 PVA
Drewplus Y-381
Add the grind here
Premix
Letdown at low speed for 10 minutes
Total
10
Interior Semi-Gloss Acrylic Paint
Partial Replacement of Microcrystalline Silica
20% to 30% of Microcrystalline Silica (MS) in semi-gloss paint can be replaced with Celatom MW-25
Reduced cost
Equivalent Performance
Formulation
Microcrystalline
Silica
Replace 20% of MS
with MW-25
Replace 30% of
MS with MW-25
25
20
17.5
7.5
% PVC
21.3
21.3
21.3
% Solids by volume
37.6
37.6
37.6
Density (kg per liter)
1.271
1.266
1.268
95
98
99
1.400
1.408
1.420
Gloss, 20
5.7
5.8
6.6
Gloss, 60
38.1
33.6
31.9
Sheen, 85
64.2
54.3
49.8
Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film
0.969
0.946
0.958
L*
96.01
96.83
96.43
a*
-0.22
-0.27
-0.23
b*
1.44
1.20
1.20
Scrub resistance, cycles
2581
2635
2705
Burnish resistance
Initial 60
60 after burnish
49.5
50.2
38.2
40.1
37.9
38.8
1.4
4.5
Paint ID
Imsil A 15
Celatom MW-25
Paint Properties
Stormer, KU
ICI, poise
Film Properties
% Increase in gloss after burnish
11
Interior Semi-Gloss
Partial Replacement of Microcrystalline
Sample Formulations
Microcrystalline
Silica
Replace 20% of MS
with MW-25
Replace 30% of MS
with MW-25
Ingredients
Grams
Grams
Grams
Water
110.5
110.5
110.5
Natrosol 330 Plus
1.8
1.8
1.8
Dowicil
3.0
3.0
3.0
Propylene Glycol
32.0
32.0
32.0
AMP 95
1.5
1.5
1.5
Strodex PK 05G
3.5
3.5
3.5
Drew L-495
1.9
1.9
1.9
Tamol 731A
7.4
7.4
7.4
5.0
7.5
25.0
20.0
17.5
Paint ID
Premix
Celatom MW-25
Imsil A 15
Grind at high speed for 10 minutes
Ti Pure 746
300.0
300.0
300.0
Drew L-495
2.5
2.5
2.5
Rhoplex
530.0
530.0
530.0
Texanol
19.0
19.0
19.0
Aquaflow 220
15.0
15.0
15.0
5.7
5.7
5.7
1059
1059
Water
Letdown at low speed for 10 minutes
Total
1059
12
Using Celatom DE for TiO2 Extension and Opacity
Example: Flat acrylic latex formulation (Simplified test formulation)
Replace a portion of the TiO2 with Celatom LCS-3, MW-27, and CelaBrite
PVC = 29%
Opacity (contrast ratio) is maintained, even up to 35% replacement
Above 15% replacement, the color (b*) becomes more yellow
Conclusion: 5% to 10% replacement is reasonable and effective, with minimal negative effects on
coating color, opacity, and performance.
Formulation
Paint ID
10
15
20
25
30
35
10
Water
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
23.0
24.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
Tamol 731A
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
Dowicil 75
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
Tiona 595
17.0
16.15
Celatom LCS-3
TiO0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1 by0.1LCS-3
0.1
2 Replacement
15.3 14.45
13.6 12.75
11.9 11.05 17.0
Sample
Formulations
0.2
10.0
10.85
11.7
12.55
13.4
14.25
15.1
15.95
Celatom MW-27
or CelaBrite
10.0
TiO2 Replacement
by LCS-3 (%)
TiO2 Replacement
by MW-27 or
CelaBrite (%)
Potassium
Hydroxide
Drew Plus 381
0.1
16.66
-
16.32 15.98 15.64
-
10.34 10.68
15.3
11.02
11.36
11.7
Disperse for 15 minutes using Cowles, then add:
Water
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
Ucar 367
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
Mix for 5 minutes, then add together and mix:
Acrysol RM5
associative th
Water
Total
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
3.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
13
A Graph of Sheen, Contrast Ratio, and b* vs. TiO2
Reduction with LCS-3
TiO2 Reduction using LCS-3
3.5
2.5
1.5
0.5
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
% TiO2 reduction
Sheen 85 degrees
Contrast Ratio - 3 mil
b*
LCS-3 Replacement Performance
Formulation
Paint ID
TiO2 Replacement by LCS-3 (%)
10
15
20
25
30
35
83
82
84
84
86
83
85
85
1.961
1.10
1.192
1.183
1.125
1.158
1.567
1.575
Gloss, 20
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
Gloss, 60
3.5
3.4
3.0
2.6
2.4
2.3
2.3
2.3
Sheen, 85
3.1
2.6
2.2
2.1
2.1
1.9
1.8
1.7
0.980
0.969
0.976
0.965
0.968
0.965
0.969
0.983
L*
94.9
94.9
94.6
94.7
94.5
94.5
94.6
94.4
a*
-1.6
-1.8
-1.7
-1.7
-1.7
-1.6
-1.6
-1.6
b*
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.8
2.0
2.3
2.4
Paint Properties
Stormer, KU
ICI, poise
Film Properties
Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film
14
A Graph of Sheen, Contrast Ratio, and b* vs. TiO2
Reduction with MW-27
TiO2 Reduction using MW-27
1.2
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0
10
11
% TiO2 reduction
Sheen 85 degrees
Contrast Ratio - 3 mil
b*
MW-27 Replacement Performance
Formulation
Paint ID
TiO2 Replacement by MW-27 (%)
10
89
86
87
86
88
89
0.856
0.75
0.965
0.958
1.022
0.866
Gloss, 20
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
Gloss, 60
2.1
2.1
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.1
Sheen, 85
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.973
0.971
0.946
0.949
0.937
0.945
L*
96.39
96.44
96.49
96.69
96.20
96.21
a*
-0.35
-0.28
-0.28
-0.27
-0.40
-0.39
b*
1.12
0.69
0.81
0.69
0.69
0.70
Paint Properties
Stormer, KU
ICI, poise
Film Properties
Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film
15
A Graph of Sheen, Contrast Ratio, and b* vs. TiO2
Reduction with CelaBrite
TiO2 Reduction using CelaBrite
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0
10
% TiO2 reduction
Sheen 85 degrees
Contrast Ratio - 3 mil
b*
CelaBrite Replacement Performance
Formulation
Paint ID
TiO2 Replacement by MW-27 (%)
10
86
85
86
84
85
85
0.869
0.890
0.965
0856
0.902
0.952
Gloss, 20
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
Gloss, 60
2.3
2.3
2.1
2.1
2.1
1.9
Sheen, 85
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.1
0.6
0.5
0.972
0.952
0.942
0.969
0.950
0.948
L*
96.16
95.80
95.46
96.10
95.65
95.20
a*
-0.28
-0.28
-0.25
-0.13
-0.29
-0.28
b*
0.86
1.15
0.87
1.19
0.82
0.98
Paint Properties
Stormer, KU
ICI, poise
Film Properties
Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film
16
Metal Coil Coatings
Replacement of Ground Quartz Silica
Application: Solvent-based acid-catalyzed
polyurethane top coat
Acid catalysis requires inert fillers with
a neutral pH
Generally cannot use calcium carbonate
or talc
Functions of Celatom DE are similar to
ground silica
Inter-coat adhesion
Flexibility (resistance to cracking and
chipping)
Impact resistance
UV protection (reduced chalking)
Advantages of Celatom LCS-3
Longer shelf life, more stable dispersion,
reduced hard settling
Formulation
Ground
Silica
Celatom
LCS-3
74
84.3
Gloss, 20
Gloss, 60
Sheen, 85
Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film (76 m)
L*
86.9
98.6
119.8
0.790
94.86
61.1
91.4
114.4
0.804
94.78
a*
b*
ASTM D 4145 Flexibility
ASTM D2794 - Impact
(1.8 kg weight, 1.27 cm diameter)
-0.61
-0.87
90
-0.72
-0.45
90
10 cm
10 cm
Paint ID
Paint Properties
Stormer, KU
Film Properties
Better and more consistent brightness
and color
Sample Formulations
Paint ID
Ingredients
Polymac 220-1001
Cymel 303FL
Tiona 595
Eastman CAB 551 - 0.2
PM Acetate
Optifilm Enhancer 400
Nacure 1051
Minusil 30
Celatom LCS-3
Dowanol PMA
Aromatic 150 fluid
Total
Ground Silica
Celatom LCS-3
Grams
455.0
75.0
287.0
Grams
455.0
75.0
287.0
4.0
33.5
20.0
4.0
21.0
4.0
33.5
20.0
4.0
-
33.5
67.0
1000
21.0
33.5
67.0
1000
17
The table below lists the suppliers of the various
trademarked ingredients used in the sample formulations:
Ingredient
Purpose
Supplier
AMP 95
Dispersant
Dow Chemical
Aquaflow 220
Rheology Modifier
Aqualon
Aquaflow 300
Rheology Modifier
Aqualon
Aromatic 150 Fluid
Retarder Solvent
Exxon Mobil
Attagel 50 (Attapulgite Clay)
Thickener
BASF
Cymel 303FL
Melamine Cross Linking Agent
Cytec Industries, Inc.
Diafil 575 (Diatomite)
Extender
World Minerals
Dowanol PMA
Dibasic Ester
Dow Chemical
Drew L-495
Defoamer
Rohm and Haas Co
Drewplus Y-381
Defoamer
Rohm and Haas Co
Eastman CAB 551-0.2
Cellulose Ester
Eastman Chemical Company
Glomax LL (Calcined Clay)
Extender
Imerys
Imsil A15 (Silica)
Pigment
Unimin
Minusil 30 (Silica)
Extender
US Silica
Nacure 1051
Sulphonic Acid Catalyst
King Industries
Natrosol 330 Plus
Thickener
Aqualon
Nopocide N96
Fungicide
Cognis
Omya Carb 8 (Calcium Carbonate)
Filler
Omya
Optifilm Enhancer 400
Retarder Solvent
Eastman Chemical Company
PM Acetate
Solvent
Eastman Chemical Company
Polymac 220-1001
Saturated Polymer Resin
Hexion Specialty Chemicals
Propylene Glycol
Solvent
Dow Chemical
Rhoplex ML 200
Waterborne Acrylic Binder
Rohm and Haas Co
Sericron 3M (Talc)
Extender
SMI
Strodex PK-80
Phosphate Ester Surfactant
Hercules
Strodex PL 95G
Phosphate Ester Surfactant
Hercules
Tamol 731
Dispersant
Rohm and Haas Co
Texanol
Coalescent
Eastman Chemical Co
Ti Pure 746 (TiO2)
Pigment
Dupont
Triton X-100
Non-ionic Surfactant
Rohm and Haas Co
Trycol 7000
Surfactant
Cognis
Ucar 367 PVA
Polyvinyl Resin
Dow Chemical
18
9785 Gateway Dr. Suite 1000 Reno, NV 89521
Tel: (775) 824-7600 Fax: (775) 824-7601
Email: [Link]@[Link]
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2011 EP Minerals, LLC EPM051-003
