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    Published January 16, 2012 at In: 813 × 699 Block Diagram of Urea Production From NH3 and CO2

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    himanshuchawla654
    Urea is a nitrogen-rich fertilizer that is commonly produced on an industrial scale. The production process involves compressing carbon dioxide and reacting it with ammonia in a urea reactor to form ammonium carbamate. The carbamate is then decomposed and dehydrated to form molten urea. The urea is concentrated, granulated in a prilling tower to form spherical particles, and packaged for use as a fertilizer. Key process units include CO2 compressors, a urea reactor, decomposers, a vacuum evaporator, and a prilling tower.

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    Published January 16, 2012 at In: 813 × 699 Block Diagram of Urea Production From NH3 and CO2

    Uploaded by

    himanshuchawla654
    126 views9 pages
    Urea is a nitrogen-rich fertilizer that is commonly produced on an industrial scale. The production process involves compressing carbon dioxide and reacting it with ammonia in a urea reactor to form ammonium carbamate. The carbamate is then decomposed and dehydrated to form molten urea. The urea is concentrated, granulated in a prilling tower to form spherical particles, and packaged for use as a fertilizer. Key process units include CO2 compressors, a urea reactor, decomposers, a vacuum evaporator, and a prilling tower.

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    Urea is a nitrogen-rich fertilizer that is commonly produced on an industrial scale. The production process involves compressing carbon dioxide and reacting it with ammonia in a urea reactor to form ammonium carbamate. The carbamate is then decomposed and dehydrated to form molten urea. The urea is concentrated, granulated in a prilling tower to form spherical particles, and packaged for use as a fertilizer. Key process units include CO2 compressors, a urea reactor, decomposers, a vacuum evaporator, and a prilling tower.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    126 views9 pages

    Published January 16, 2012 at In: 813 × 699 Block Diagram of Urea Production From NH3 and CO2

    Uploaded by

    himanshuchawla654
    Urea is a nitrogen-rich fertilizer that is commonly produced on an industrial scale. The production process involves compressing carbon dioxide and reacting it with ammonia in a urea reactor to form ammonium carbamate. The carbamate is then decomposed and dehydrated to form molten urea. The urea is concentrated, granulated in a prilling tower to form spherical particles, and packaged for use as a fertilizer. Key process units include CO2 compressors, a urea reactor, decomposers, a vacuum evaporator, and a prilling tower.

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    Published January 16, 2012 at 813 699 in Block

    diagram of Urea Production from NH3 and CO2

    Block Diagram of Urea Production Process.


    Important physical and chemical operations are

    represented as blocks and flow connectivity is


    provided between the process unit.
    Both comments and trackbacks are currently closed.
    Categories
    Block diagram of Urea Production
    from NH3 and CO2
    Sam kk / January 19, 2012

    Urea is a primary fertilizer having rich concentration


    of Nitrogen when compared to other inorganic
    chemical fertilizers. Urea is produced in large scale
    with reference to other NPK fertilizers because of its

    use in producing various grade fertilizers, as a


    nitrogen supplement. About 45-47% of nitrogen is
    present in a unit amount of urea and melts at 132.7
    degree centigrade. Urea chemically called as
    carbamide when used in production of synthetic
    fibers and urea resins.
    Below are some of the famous methods and
    processes that explain how urea can be produced by
    industrial scale:
    Sindri method
    Solvay process
    Dupont process
    Krase process
    Inventa process
    Chemico process
    Montecatini process(solution recycle)
    Pechiney process

    Stamicarbon process(Dutch State


    Mines)
    Allied chemical high pressure process
    Toyo Koatsu process
    In a snamprogetti methods urea synthesis reactor
    operates at 350-4000F and 2500-3500 psig to convert
    NH3 and CO2 to ammonium carbamate. Due to
    endothermic reaction forward reaction is favoured
    by increasing temperature and pressure. The formed
    ammonium carbamate is dehydrated to give molten
    urea. Then a series of decomposition and
    condensation loop will strip out the unreacted
    ammonia, carbon dioxide and recycle them to again
    to the process. In end of the process stream pressure
    is let down and fed to vacuum evaporator to
    concentrate molten urea to 99% pure. A scrubbing
    and extraction loop of condensate and urea solution
    is designed to recover the ammonia and carbon
    dioxide gases that are not reacted. Finally a superb
    technique of granular formation of molten urea is
    done in a prilling tower, it real a nice and interesting

    unit operation. A bucket rotates and spray out molten


    urea through it nozzles. As the sprayed matter travel
    to the bottom of the prilling tower they cool down by
    counter flow of cool dry air forming a perfect
    regular spherical particles of urea. On observing the
    beautiful technique in granular operation, helps to
    learn more on the design of prilling tower. All the
    condensate is recycled back to the plant with wellengineered condensate loop system. The above
    block diagram of urea production shows the unitoperation streaming.
    The chemical equation for the
    production of urea fertilizer:
    CO2 + 2NH3 NH2COONH4 (ammonium
    carbamate)
    H= -155KJ/mol
    NH2COONH4 NH2CONH2 (urea)+ H2O
    H= +4.2Kcal/mole
    Chemical formula of urea is NH2CONH2 and the
    molecular weight is 60.06 gram/mole.

    Brief explanation about block diagram of


    urea production plant:
    Typical
    Unit
    Process
    blocks in
    process/operati Descriptio
    urea
    ons
    n
    production
    plant
    CO2
    Compressor/turbi Compresse
    compression ne
    d to 160
    atm
    Urea reactor Chemical reactor Urea
    production
    at 188 oC,
    155 kg/cm2
    Medium
    Indirect Stripper
    Pressure
    (separator)
    decomposer

    Convert
    carbamate
    to
    ammonia
    and carbon
    dioxide at

    18 atm
    Low pressure Indirect
    Convert
    decomposer Stripper(separato remaining
    r)
    carbamate
    to NH3 and
    CO2 at 4.5
    atm
    Vacuum
    Vacuum
    Concentrat
    preconcentra evaporator(separ ion of urea
    tor
    ator)
    is done by
    removing
    water.
    Medium
    pressure
    absorber

    Absorption

    Ammonia
    recovery
    from
    carbamate

    Prilling tower Granulator

    Formation
    of urea
    granules
    from slurry

    Custom Search
    January 19, 2012 in Inorganic chemicals.
    Tags: Urea
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