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    ผนวกแผนที่ 7

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    Kamolpan Jammapat
    The document provides information about weather forecasts and observations. It defines weather as short-term atmospheric conditions that can change quickly, while climate describes average conditions over longer periods and larger areas. Weather affects people in various ways like mood, clothing, and travel. Forecasts are produced using data from various sources around the world, including land stations, ships, aircraft, and instruments that measure temperature, wind, and humidity at different atmospheric levels.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    ผนวกแผนที่ 7

    Uploaded by

    Kamolpan Jammapat
    60 views10 pages
    The document provides information about weather forecasts and observations. It defines weather as short-term atmospheric conditions that can change quickly, while climate describes average conditions over longer periods and larger areas. Weather affects people in various ways like mood, clothing, and travel. Forecasts are produced using data from various sources around the world, including land stations, ships, aircraft, and instruments that measure temperature, wind, and humidity at different atmospheric levels.

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    The document provides information about weather forecasts and observations. It defines weather as short-term atmospheric conditions that can change quickly, while climate describes average conditions over longer periods and larger areas. Weather affects people in various ways like mood, clothing, and travel. Forecasts are produced using data from various sources around the world, including land stations, ships, aircraft, and instruments that measure temperature, wind, and humidity at different atmospheric levels.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    60 views10 pages

    ผนวกแผนที่ 7

    Uploaded by

    Kamolpan Jammapat
    The document provides information about weather forecasts and observations. It defines weather as short-term atmospheric conditions that can change quickly, while climate describes average conditions over longer periods and larger areas. Weather affects people in various ways like mood, clothing, and travel. Forecasts are produced using data from various sources around the world, including land stations, ships, aircraft, and instruments that measure temperature, wind, and humidity at different atmospheric levels.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    Pre-Reading Questions.

    Look at the picture 3.1and answer these questions.


    1. What can be seen in picture 3.1?
    Suggested answer :Thailand Weather Forecast map.
    2.When did the sun rise today?
    Suggested answer : 6.06 A.M.
    3.And when did it set?
    Suggested answer : 6.22 P.M.
    4.What is the highest temperature today?
    Suggested answer : 34 °c.
    5.The word “forecast” is means to …………..the weather in
    the near future.
    Suggested answer : predict .

    Reading Passage
    Now read the passage given below. You can look up the
    meaning of the words in bold in the Vocabulary Study
    Section that follows.

    3.1 What is the weather forecast ?


    weather the temperature and other conditions such as
    sun, rain, and wind.
    forecast to make a statement saying what is likely to
    happen in the future, based on the
    information that you have now
    What is the difference between weather and climate?
    Weather describes conditions in the atmosphere at any
    time or short period of time. Weather conditions can change
    suddenly. Today may be warm and sunny, tomorrow may be
    cool and cloudy. Weather conditions include rain, snow,
    sleet, hail, fog, mist, sunshine, wind, temperature and
    thunderstorms.
    Climate describes surface and atmospheric conditions
    over a longer time period or over a large geographical area.
    The climate of an area is concerned with the average weather
    conditions which are taken over a year or more. Climate
    changes slowly, usually over decades, centuries and
    thousands of years.
    The effect of weather on our lives.
    The weather affects us in many different ways. For
    example, it affects our moods, what we wear, our leisure
    activities and our mode of travel. Weather conditions can be
    recorded over a period of time and at the same time the
    effects the weather has on factors such as our mood can also
    be noted.
    Weather forecasting.
    The observations are fed into the computer and used to
    analyse the weather patterns at a particular time. Once the
    analysis has been carried out, the computer produces a
    forecast of the weather for specified times in the future. The
    forecaster uses the output from the computer to produce
    weather forecasts that are tailored to a wide range of
    customers.

    3.2 Observations
    The many data sources used include ships, aircraft, oil
    rigs, buoys and balloons, as well as manned land stations
    around the world. Automation often assists or replaces the
    human observer and can provide information from
    inhospitable and remote areas. Information from remote-
    sensing equipment, both on the ground and in space,
    increasingly supplements and complements the conventional
    systems.
    Surface observations
    Traditionally, meteorologists have relied upon
    observations taken near the Earth's surface using instruments
    (e.g. barometers, thermometers, anemometers and rain gauges)
    and visual observations (e.g. cloud and weather type). These
    surface observations are made at approved sites on land, and
    from ships at sea.
    Standard types of instruments are used, with observations
    usually made at least every three hours, and in many cases
    hourly. Over land in the UK there are 33 key observing
    stations which are needed to define the broad-scale weather
    patterns. They are manned by professional meteorologists,
    with 12 making observations every hour, both day and night.
    For weather observations at sea, the Met Office is indebted to
    the crews of 400 vessels of the UK Voluntary Observing
    Fleet and to observers on about 30 offshore drilling
    platforms. This is part of a much larger scheme officially
    involving around 6,500 ships from 53 nations, although the
    real number is closer to 3,500 ships.
    Upper-air observations
    Important sources of upper-air information are the
    balloon-borne instruments (known as radiosondes) which
    provide information about the pressure, temperature and
    humidity through the atmosphere. The radiosondes can reach a
    height of over 20 km (66,000 feet); they are released twice a
    day at the same time (midday and midnight UTC) all over the
    world.
    Within the global network, the Met Office maintains six
    sites in the UK. Two of these are fully manned while the
    remaining four sites are equipped with autosondes, which are
    released remotely. There are also Met Office radiosonde sites
    in Gibraltar, St Helena and the Falkland Islands. Near the
    UK, there is one fully manned site in the Irish Republic and a
    variety of different sites in continental Europe. A type of
    radar known as a Doppler radar is used to measure the winds
    vertically through the atmosphere. When displayed over a
    period of type, these Windprofiler data show the vertical
    profile of wind above the site and how it changes with time.
    A system for measuring the amount of water vapour in the
    atmosphere is being developed, which is known as the
    Ground-based GPS Network. This uses information from
    Global Positioning Satellites (GPS) and about 150 stations are
    envisaged.
    Vocabulary Study
    temperatu a measure of how hot or cold a อุณหภูมิ
    re place or thing is
    condition the situation in which people เงื่อนไข สภาพ
    live or work, especially the
    physical things that affect the
    quality of their lives
    atmospher the mixture of gases that บรรยากาศ
    e surrounds the Earth
    sleet half-frozen rain that falls when แผ่นน้้าแข็งบนพื้ น
    it is very cold ดินที่เกิดจากน้้าฝน
    แข็งตัว
    hail frozen rain drops which fall as ลูกเห็บ
    hard balls of ice
    climate the typical weather conditions in อากาศตามฤดูกาล
    a particular area
    average the average amount is the อัตราเฉลี่ย
    amount you get when you add
    together several quantities and
    divide this by the total number
    of quantities
    analyse to examine or think about วิเคราะห์
    something carefully, in order to
    understand it
    data information or facts ข้อมูล
    buoy an object that floats on the sea, ทุ่นลอยน้้า
    a lake etc to mark a safe or
    dangerous area
    suppleme something that you add to ส่วนเสริม
    nt something else to improve it or
    make it complete
    instrumen something or someone that is เครื่องมือ อุปกรณ์
    t used to get a particular result
    scheme an official plan that is intended แผนผัง แบบแผน
    to help people in some way, for
    example by providing education
    or training
    maintain to make something continue in บ้ารุง รักษาไว้
    the same way or at the same
    standard as before:
    vertical pointing up in a line that forms ซึ่งตั้งฉากกับแนว
    an angle of 90° with a flat ราบของขอบฟ้ า
    surface
    vapour a mass of very small drops of a กลายเป็ นไอ
    liquid which float in the air, for
    example because the liquid has
    been heated:
    radar a piece of equipment that uses อุปกรณ์ตรวจจับ
    radio waves to find the position วัตถุท่อ
    ี ยู่ไกลโดยใช้
    of things and watch their วิธีสง่ วิทยุคลื่นสั้น
    movement
    Recalling Information
    1.Based from the first paragraph the difference between
    weather and climate depend on what condition?
    Suggested answer : Period of time and geographical area.
    2. Is it true or false that weather describes conditions in the
    atmosphere at any time or a short period of time?
    Suggested answer :True.
    3. Is it true or false that climate describes surface and
    atmospheric conditions over a longer time or over a large
    geographical area?
    Suggested answer :True.
    4. Does weather affect us in the way of our lives?
    Suggested answer : Yes, in many ways.
    5. Give me some examples, please.
    Suggested answer : Our moods, what we wear, our freetime
    activities and how we travel.
    6. Do we use only source of information from air to analyse
    the weather forecast?
    Suggested answer : No.
    7. Where are the data sources from?
    Suggested answer : Air, land and water.
    8. Give me some examples please.
    Suggested answer : Ship, aircraft, oil rigs, buoys , balloons
    and land stations around the world.
    9. What do we call a type of radar that is used to measure
    the wind vertically?
    Suggested answer : Doppler.
    10. From the last paragraph of the passage given is it true or
    false that the ground-based GPS network is used to measure
    the amount of water that falls to the earth?
    Suggested answer : False.

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