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UNIT 1 WORKSHOP SAFETY AND REGULATION 1.0 Introduction

This module content the importance of workshop safety and some guidelines to be follow in workshop. 1.1 1. Learning Outcomes identify and use safety equipment and device. workshop. 1.2 Learning Point General Safety precaution Clothing And Safety Equipment for the Machine shop Housekeeping Machine Safety Consideration. 1.3 1.3.1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Content General Safety Precautions Always wear Safety Glasses in the shop. Do not set up or operate any machinery unless an instructor is in the shop. Do not operate any machine unless authorized to do so by an instructor or under an instructor's supervision. Use the proper tool for the job. Many cuts in the shop occur because a wrench slips and a hand hits a sharp cutting tool. Check tools before use to assure they are safe to use. Do not leave tools or work on the table of a machine even if the machine is not running. Tools or work may fall off and cause a toe or foot injury. 7. Put tools away when not in use.

After completing this unit successfully, student will be able to: 2.apply and practice workshop safety regulations during working in

8. 9.

Place all scrap pieces in the correct containers. Never handle chips with your hands or fingers. Chips are extremely sharp and can easily cause cuts.

10. Use a brush to remove chips -- not hands, fingers, or rags. 11. Never wear gloves or use rags to clean the workpiece or any part of a machine that is running. Rotating tools or parts can grab gloves and rags and pull you into the machine. 12. Never use compressed air to clean any machine. 13. Never use compressed air to clean your clothes or yourself. 14. If using compressed air to clean a part, point the air hose down and away from yourself and other persons. 15. Do not run in the shop; there should be no "fooling around" in the shop at any time. Don't be a "wise guy." 16. Get first aid immediately for any injury. 17. Get help for handling large, long, or heavy pieces of material or machine attachments. 18. Follow safe lifting practices; lift with your leg muscles, not your back. If you do not know how to lift safely, ask an instructor to show you. 19. Be sure you have sufficient light to see clearly. Check with an instructor if you do not have enough. 20. Aisles should be clear at all times to avoid tripping or other accidents. 21. Store materials in such a way that they cannot become tripping hazards. 22. Keep the floor free of oil, grease, or any other type of liquid. Clean up spilled liquids immediately; they are slipping hazards. 23. Loose clothing or long sleeves should not be worn in the shop. Machines can easily grab loose clothing in rotating parts. 24. All set-screws should be of the flush or recessed type. If they are not, move with caution when near them. Projecting setscrews are very dangerous because they may catch on sleeves or clothing.

25. Do not walk behind a person operating a machine; you may bump him/her by accident or startle them and cause an accident. 1.3.2 1. Clothing and Safety Equipment for the Machine Shop ALWAYS wear safety glasses, safety goggles, or face shields designed for the type of work being done when operating any machine or doing any work in the shop. If you are wearing a face shield, you should always wear your safety glasses or goggles also. 2. 3. 4. 5. Wear your safety glasses or safety goggles at all times you are in the shop. Wear shirts with short sleeves, sleeves cut off or rolled up above the elbows. Wear shoes with thick penetration resistant leather soles-safety shoes or boots, if required. Always remove gloves before turning on or operating any machine. If material is rough or sharp and gloves must be worn, place or handle material with the machine turned Off. 6. Wear your hair suitable for the trade. You may protect long hair by: 7. Tying it neatly behind your head Wearing a hair net

Wear clothing appropriate for the job-DO NOT WEAR: Tennis shoes (wear thick soled leather shoes, which provide some protection for the feet) Sandals Shorts, cutoffs, Bermuda or short-shorts Tank tops, muscle shirts, etc. Neckties, loose or torn clothing Rings, watches, bracelets, or other jewelry that could get caught in moving machinery

Loose clothing or long sleeves (machines can easily grab loose clothing in rotating parts)

1.3.3

Head, Face and Hearing Protection

The head, face, and ears are continually exposed to potential dangers when working around machinery in an industrial setting. Personal safety equipment is the last line of defense against the hazards that exist in an industrial setting. a. Hearing Safety Many manufacturing processes are very noisy and can result in permanent deafness if suitable precautions are not taken. For example, hand grinders and punch presses produce very high noise levels. Also, people using a pneumatic chisel or power saw are likely to be exposed to noise levels that can seriously damage their hearing. Types of Hearing Protection There are several types of ear protectors: Ear plugs These fit inside the ear canal and can be reusable or disposable according to the manufacturer's instructions. They may sometimes be attached to a cord to prevent being lost. Ear plugs may not be suitable for people with a history of ear problems (Figure 1.1).

Figure 1.1 Disposable ear plugs are made of soft, noise-absorbing foam.

Canal Caps These have soft rubber caps attached to a headband that presses them into the openings of the ear canals (Figure 1.2).

Figure 1.2 Canal Caps are an acceptable alternative to ear plugs.

Earmuffs These are normally hard plastic cups, with sound absorbent filling, that fit over the ears and are sealed to the head by cushion seals (Figure 1.3). They need to be pressed to the head either by a headband or by special fittings attached to a safety helmet. To avoid any interference with other forms of PPE, it is important to note that most headbands can be worn over the head or the chin or around the back of the neck according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Figure 1.3 Earmuffs provide the greatest degree of ear protection.

b.

Eye Protection

Many machining processes present a risk of injury to the eyes and face. Forexample, protection will be needed against flying chips or particles when using a disc cutter or cartridge - operated tools against arc eye and molten metal splash when using welding equipment or hot cutting metal, and against corrosive or irritant chemical splashes when working with epoxy resins and concrete.

Types of Equipment There are many types of eye and face protectors available, for example, spectacles, face shields, and goggles shown in Figure 1.4.

Figure 1.4 Safety glasses, safety shields, and goggles provide important eye and face safety and should be used whenever the type of job requires eye or face protection.

The table below showed the lists eye and face protection devices and its applications.
Table 1.1 Lists of eye and face protection devices and applications.

APPLICATION Simple hand tool operations using hammers, punches, and chisels Using power tools for hand grinding, disc cutting etc. Hot work- for example, welding, angle grinding 1.3.4 1. 2. 3. Housekeeping

TYPICAL PROTECTION NEEDED Safety spectacles with toughened lenses and side screens (available with prescription lenses for those who wear glasses) Safety goggles, face shields, or visors Fixed eye shields

Aisles should be clear at all times to avoid tripping or other accidents. Keep floors free of oil, grease, or any other type of liquid. Clean up spilled liquids immediately; they are slipping hazards. Keep the floor clear of metal chips and scrap pieces. Put them in the containers provided for them. Scrap pieces are tripping hazards, and chips may cut through a shoe and injure the foot.

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Place all scrap pieces in the correct containers.

5. 6. 1.3.5

Store materials in such a way that they cannot become tripping hazards. Put tools away when not in use. Machine Safety Considerations

1.Be sure that all machines have effective and properly working guards and covers, and that they are always in place when machines are operating. 2.Replace guards immediately after any repairs. 3.Do not attempt to oil, clean, adjust, or repair any machine while it is running. Stop the machine and lock the power switch in the "OFF" position. 4.Do not operate any machine unless authorized to do so by the instructor or under the instructor's supervision. 5.Do not set up or operate machinery when an instructor is not in the shop. 6.Even after the power is off, do not leave the machine until it has stopped running. Someone else may not notice that it is still in motion and be injured. Do not leave a machine until it has come to a complete stop. 7.Do not try to stop the machine with your hands or body. 8.Check tools before use to assure they are safe to use. 9.Always see that work and cutting tools on any machine are clamped securely before starting to work. 10.All set-screws should be of the flush or recessed type. If they are not, move with caution when near them. Projecting set-screws are very dangerous because they may catch on sleeves or clothing. 11.Only one person should operate the machine or switches. 12.Do not lean against the machine (s). 13.Concentrate on the work and do not talk unnecessarily while operating the machine. 14.Do not talk to others when they are operating a machine. A distraction may lead to an injury.

15. Do not walk behind people operating a machine; you may bump them by accident or startle them and cause an accident. 16. Always remove gloves before turning on or operating any machine. If material is rough or sharp and gloves must be worn, place or handle material with the machine turned off. 17. Do not leave tools or work on the table of a machine even if the machine is not running. Tools or work may fall off and cause toe or foot injury. 18. Use a brush to remove short, discontinuous types of chips--not hands, fingers, or rags. 19. Use a pair of pliers to remove chips, especially the long, stringy type. 20. Never handle chips with your hands or fingers. Chips are extremely sharp and can easily cause cuts. 21. Never use compressed air to clean any machine. 22. Never use compressed air to clean your clothes or yourself. 23. If using compressed air to clean a part, point the air hose down and away from yourself and other persons. 24. Never wear gloves or use rags to clean the workpiece or any part of a machine that is running. Rotating tools or parts can grab gloves and rags and pull you into the machine. 25. Stop the machine tool to make speed and feed changes that require the shifting of a gear lever. 26. Always use correct speeds and feeds. A broken tool becomes a hazard and can cause great personal injury. 27. Make sure the machine is OFF before making any adjustments or repairs.