R/3 Tax Interface Configuration Guide

Release 4.6x

July 11, 2003

SAP Labs, Inc. - Palo Alto

Tax Interface Group
R/3 Tax Interface Configuration Guide Release 4.6x

Table of contents

Document Overview.......................................................................................................... 4
1. Introduction............................................................................................................. 4
2. SAP Tax Interface System & External Tax System ............................................... 4
3. Intended Audience .................................................................................................. 5
4. Release Information ................................................................................................ 5
5. Certification ............................................................................................................ 6
6. Prerequisites............................................................................................................ 6
7. Important Note ........................................................................................................ 7
8. User-Exits ............................................................................................................... 7
Basic Concepts................................................................................................................... 8
1. Tax calculation process in SD................................................................................. 8
2. Tax calculation process in MM and FI ................................................................... 9
3. General information about tax accounts ............................................................... 10
Required Configuration Steps ....................................................................................... 11

Configuring the communication.................................................................................... 12

1. Define a physical destination ................................................................................ 12
2. Test the connection ............................................................................................... 13
Testing the external system tax data retrieval ............................................................. 14
1. Test jurisdiction code determination..................................................................... 14
2. Test tax calculation ............................................................................................... 17
3. Test tax update ...................................................................................................... 23
4. Test tax forced update........................................................................................... 25
Activating the Tax Interface System ............................................................................. 28
1. Define a tax procedure to a country...................................................................... 28
2. Activate external tax calculation........................................................................... 28
Configuring the External Tax Document ..................................................................... 30
1. Define Number Ranges for External Tax Documents .......................................... 30
2. Activate External Tax Document.......................................................................... 31
Defining the tax jurisdiction code structure................................................................. 32

Customizing Master Data Tax Classifications (SD) .................................................... 33

1. Define tax category by departure country (SD).................................................... 33
2. Customer master configuration (SD) .................................................................... 34
3. Material master configuration (SD) ...................................................................... 34
Customizing Master Data Tax Indicators (MM) ........................................................ 36
1. Material master configuration (MM) .................................................................... 36

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2. Define tax classification indicators for plant (MM) ............................................. 36

3. Assign tax classification indicators to plant (MM)............................................... 37
4. Define tax classification indicators for account assignment (MM) ...................... 37
5. Assign tax classification indicators for account assignments (MM) .................... 37
Maintaining Master Data (SD) ...................................................................................... 39
1. Maintain customer master (SD) ............................................................................ 39
1.1. Maintain Customer Tax Jurisdiction Code ................................................... 39
1.2. Maintain Customer Tax Classification ......................................................... 40
2. Maintain material master tax classification (SD).................................................. 41
3. Maintain plant master jurisdiction code (SD)....................................................... 41
Maintaining Master data (MM) .................................................................................... 43
1. Maintain plant master jurisdiction code (MM)..................................................... 43
2. Maintain Cost Center master jurisdiction code (MM).......................................... 43
3. Maintain Vendor master jurisdiction code (MM)................................................. 43
4. Maintain material master tax indicator (MM) ...................................................... 44
Pricing Procedure and Condition Techniques ............................................................. 45
1. Brief concept on Pricing Procedure and Condition Techniques:.......................... 45
2. Tax Calculation in SD:.......................................................................................... 45
2.1. Minimum steps for having taxes calculated in SD ....................................... 45
2.2. Configuring Tax Per Document – Max Tax ................................................. 46
3. Tax calculation in MM and FI: ............................................................................. 47
4. Why is tax procedure TAXUSX important for SD?............................................. 48
Setting up tax codes ........................................................................................................ 49
1. Maintain tax code property ................................................................................... 49
2. Maintain tax code condition records..................................................................... 51
3. Maintain tax accounts for tax codes...................................................................... 52
4. Set dummy jurisdiction code for non-tax relevant transactions............................ 54
Setting up SD condition records .................................................................................... 55
1. Maintain SD condition record............................................................................... 55
Appendix A: Update of the External Tax System Audit File ............................... 57
A.1 Scenarios when taxes are posted with the accounting document. .................... 57
A.2 “Normal” update vs. “Forced“ update .............................................................. 58
A.3 Monitoring the Transactional RFC .................................................................. 58
Appendix B: Display the documents sent to the external system .............................. 59
B.1 Display the status list ........................................................................................ 59
B.2 Display the tax data for a document ................................................................. 60
Appendix C: User-Exit .............................................................................................. 61
C.1 Setting up enhancement FYTX0002................................................................. 61
C.2 How to use enhancement FYTX0002............................................................... 62
C.3 Some examples using the User-exit.................................................................. 63

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Appendix D: Handling the Freight........................................................................... 65

D.1 Freight included on the line item ...................................................................... 65
D.2 Freight on a separate line item .......................................................................... 65
Appendix E: Group Product Code for tax per document.......................................... 66

Appendix F: MM condition record maintenance................................................... 67

F.1 Condition type maintenance ............................................................................. 67
F.2 Condition record maintenance .......................................................................... 67
Appendix G: General Ledger Tax Accounts maintenance ......................................... 68

Appendix H: Calculate Taxes on Net Amount from Cash Discount.......................... 69

H.1 Based on Company Code.................................................................................. 69
H.2 Based on State jurisdiction code ....................................................................... 69
Appendix I: Calculate Discount on Net Base Amount .......................................... 70

Appendix J: Tax Only Adjustments............................................................................. 71

J.1 A/R Customer Invoice ...................................................................................... 71
J.2 A/P Vendor Invoice .......................................................................................... 71

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Document Overview

1. Introduction

As of release 3.0, SAP offers three standard methods to compute US and Canadian
Sales & Use Taxes:

1. Standard SAP Sales & Use Tax Interface System to 3rd party tax packages:
Tax calculation and reporting is performed by an external tax system. The
external tax system (3rd party tax package) performs tax calculation based on
its own jurisdiction codes. The external tax system communicates with R/3
through the SAP Tax Interface System.

2. Standard SAP Jurisdictional Sales & Use Taxes:

Tax calculation is performed by R/3 and tax rates are based on jurisdiction
codes defined in R/3 by the user.

3. Standard SAP Non-Jurisdictional Sales & Use Taxes:

Tax calculation is performed by R/3 and tax rates are not based on jurisdiction
codes.

This document explains in detail the configuration steps to compute US and Canadian
Sales & Use Taxes using an external tax system (method 1 listed above). This document
does not explain how to configure the other two SAP’s tax methods listed above.

2. SAP Tax Interface System & External Tax System

SAP provides a Standard Tax Interface System, which is capable of passing all needed
data to an external tax system which determines tax jurisdictions, calculates taxes and
then returns these calculated results back to SAP. This occurs during master data address
maintenance to retrieve the appropriate tax jurisdiction code and during order and invoice
processing out of FI, MM, and SD, to retrieve tax rates and tax amounts. The Tax
Interface System also updates the third party’s software files with the appropriate tax
information for legal reporting purposes.

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3. Intended Audience

This document is intended for the use of all SAP consultants, pre-sales, customers and
third party consultants who will need to know how to configure R/3 to calculate taxes
using the Tax Interface System.

4. Release Information

This configuration guide is intended for SAP’s release 4.6B and above.

In SAP’s R/3 2.2 release, an advance modification of SAP’s tax API (Application
Programming Interface) was offered to provide customers going live with release 2.2 as
an alternative tax solution. This document is not intended for SAP customers who have
installed the 2.2 tax interface advance modification. A separate configuration document
exists for this (see 2.2-tax interface configuration guide).

In SAP’s release 3.0B and above, the Tax Interface System is delivered with the standard
software. There are separate configuration documents written for SAP release 3.0C up to
4.5B.

Please note that due to changes from release to release, certain functionality and/or
configuration steps may change. It is up to the customer to keep abreast of these
changes.

What is new in release 4.6x?

The main new features of the Tax Interface System for release 4.6x are:
• Maximum Tax Per Document handling capability.
• New communication structures with the external tax system:
- Separate structures for header, item and jurisdiction level.
- Strict separation between input and output fields.
• SAP tax data is no longer incomplete when forced update to the external audit file.
• No more update programs: Update of the external system tax audit file occurs
automatically when posting the document to accounting.
• Version Management: monitoring the current external tax system API version being
used.
• New user-exit.
• New alternate condition type formulas.

From SAP’s release 4.6A and above, the Tax Interface System unit of communication is
a Document. This method is called Tax Per Document.

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For SAP’s release 3.0B to 4.5B, this method is called Tax Per Item.

What happened to alternate condition type formula 300 (FV64A300)?

In release 4.6A we have replaced the alternate condition type formula 300 in order to deal
with the new functionality. The name has been reused for compatibility reasons. Also, we
have introduced alternate condition type formula 500 to handle tax per document in SD.
For more information see the chapters about the pricing procedures and configuring tax
per document.

5. Certification

In order for the SAP Tax Interface System to communicate with a third party’s tax
system, the third party must develop an API (Application Programming Interface), which
can communicate with SAP Tax Interface System. Once this has been completed, the
communication connection is tested between SAP Tax Interface System and the third
party system. If the communication works correctly, then SAP will certify the third
party’s connection.

SAP does not deliver the certified partner’s software or API developed to communicate
with SAP Tax Interface System. This software must be purchased and delivered from one
of our certified partners.

A certification is required for SAP’s release 3.0C up to 4.5B (Tax Per Item)
A new certification is again required for SAP’s release 4.6A and above (Tax Per
Document).

6. Prerequisites

In order for SAP Tax Interface System to work with an external tax package, the third
party software package must be installed at the customer site. In addition to this, the
appropriate version of SAP’s certified tax partner’s API (Application Programming
Interface) must also be installed at the customer site.

In addition to the above, you must first establish the communications between R/3 and
the external tax package. Communications between R/3 and the third party tax package is
established using SAP RFC (Remote Function Calls) and SAP tRFC (Transactional
RFC). The communication setup configuration is explained in the following documents.
Please note that although the configuration within SAP in setting up the RFC call may
seem straight forward, difficulties in getting the communications to work during initial
setup often arise. It is therefore recommended that the customer have an experienced
Basis person to assist with this initial setup.

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7. Important Note

SAP is under no obligation to install 3rd party packaged software, or their corresponding
certified API. This is the full responsibility on the 3rd party software vendor. If during
the installation of the third party’s API, problems have been detected with SAP’s RFC
libraries and then these problems should be directed to and resolved by SAP. SAP will
assist our customers with communication setup and testing from within SAP as well as
application configuration upon customer request. This will only be done after the third
party’s standard software, as well as their software needed to communicate with SAP has
been properly installed and tested. Any problems our customers have with installing
third party software should be directed to and resolved by the appropriate software
vendor.

SAP is under no obligation to provide consulting, setup, or maintenance of a third party

software package. If customers have post installation questions, problems, or
maintenance issues which pertain specifically to the third party’s software package, then
these questions should be directed to and resolved by the appropriate software vendor.
SAP is also under no obligation to provide post implementation consulting for third party
software packages.

8. User-Exits

SAP provides a customer user-exit to handle customer specific and partner specific
functionality. Any ABAP code added to this user-exit to manipulate SAP functionality or
pass unique values to the third party package is considered a customer modification and
is not supported by SAP hotline. The most common user-exit examples related to taxes
are provided within this document. If a customer would like assistance from SAP to
define their specific tax requirements, establish resolutions to these requirements, and/or
to provide ABAP programming logic to the user-exit, they should direct these issues to
their SAP contact person. SAP’s assistance and setup is considered consulting and will
be billed to the customer accordingly.
More about the Tax Interface User-Exits implementation is clarified in appendix C and in
Note 302998.

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Basic Concepts

In R/3, the US Sales & Use tax calculations are processed within the SD, MM and FI
modules. Basic concepts about the tax calculation process within each module are
described in this section.

Two important standard procedures are used as the base for tax calculation in R/3:
1. Customer Pricing procedure: RVAXUD (SD)
2. Tax Procedure: TAXUSX (SD, MM and FI)

Both standard procedures are delivered by SAP. RVAXUD is new in release 4.6 and
handles the tax per document functionality. The old SD pricing procedure - RVAXUS - is
still supported. But we recommend using the new procedure RVAXUD.

1. Tax calculation process in SD

SD requires that sales orders and invoices reflect the tax applicability of each item and
compute the total tax due on each line item within the sales document. Appropriate tax
amounts and tax rates are determined for both orders and invoices.

Several parameters influence the tax amounts and tax rates determination. The most
important ones are: the delivering country (origin), the tax class of the ship-to partner, the
tax class of the material being shipped, the tax calculation date and the jurisdiction codes
from the ship-to-party (customer), ship-from address (plant), point of order acceptance
and point of order origin.

Please note that SAP defaults the ship-from jurisdiction maintained on the plant as the
point of order acceptance, and defaults the ship-to jurisdiction maintained on the
customer as the point of order origin. Order acceptance jurisdiction and order origin
jurisdiction can be changed using the provided SAP Tax Interface user-exit (see appendix
C and Note 302998).

Jurisdiction codes are automatically retrieved from the external tax package during
creation or change of a customer master record or a plant. This occurs after the address
information has been entered on the master data.

SD uses the country, customer tax classification indicator, and material tax classification
indicator to read the tax condition records. During pricing execution, in the sales order
processing, the system exits the ‘normal’ pricing upon recognizing a condition type ‘1’
(UTXJ, as delivered by SAP). The tax condition records are then read using the country
and tax code maintained in the pricing condition record.

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The tax procedure TAXUSX and the SD pricing procedure RVAXUS contain condition
formulas (300..306) which invoke SAP Tax Interface System. Instead of condition type
UTXJ with formula 300 the new standard SD pricing procedure RVAXUD contains
condition type UTXD with formula 500.

Once the Tax Interface System is invoked, a communication structure (with header and
items data) is filled with the necessary information needed by our partner’s tax package
to calculate taxes. This communication structure is then passed to our partner’s API via
an RFC (remote function call).

The partner’s API passes this data to its tax calculation package. The appropriate tax is
calculated and returned back to the partner’s API, and then onto the SAP Tax Interface
System. These tax amounts and rates are applied to the SD document item’s pricing at
each of up to six levels of jurisdiction denoted by the Condition Types (e.g. XR1..XR6).

2. Tax calculation process in MM and FI

MM/FI provides that for each line of the purchase order (PO) created or invoice entered
the sales or use tax can be computed by the system. This means the system needs to know
where taxes are being charged. Therefore, a ship-to tax jurisdiction code must be
maintained.

This ship-to tax jurisdiction code can reside on the plant, cost center, asset master,
internal order, or project (WBS). If no jurisdiction code is maintained on the asset, order,
or project, then the jurisdiction code of the responsible cost center maintained on the
asset, order, or project will default into the purchase order or invoice verification
document at the time of document creation. This jurisdiction code will be used as the
ship-to tax destination.

In addition to the ship-to destination (plant, cost center, etc.), taxability is also influenced
by the ship-from destination. A jurisdiction code can be maintained within the vendor
master record. This jurisdiction code will be used as the ship-from tax destination.

Jurisdiction codes are automatically retrieved from the external tax package during
creation or change of a plant, cost center, or vendor master record. This occurs after the
address information has been entered on the master data. For an asset, internal order, and
project one may select PF4 (possible entries) on the jurisdiction code field, and return a
list of valid jurisdictions from the external tax system to choose from.

MM & FI use country and tax code to read the tax condition records. The tax procedure
TAXUSX contains condition formulas (300 … 306, 311 … 316) which invoke the Tax
Interface System. Once the Tax Interface System is invoked, a communication structure
is filled with the necessary data needed by our partner tax packages to calculate taxes.

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This communication structure is passed to our tax partner API via RFC (remote function
call). The tax partner API passes this data to its tax calculation package, which in return
passes the tax data back to its API. The tax partner API then passes this information back
to SAP Tax Interface System onward to MM/FI.

Tax amounts and statistical rates apply to each of up to six levels of jurisdiction denoted
by the Condition Types (e.g. XP1E … XP6E, XP1I … XP6I, XP1U … XP6U).

3. General information about tax accounts

Each G/L account and each cost element has a tax category field with a variety of
settings. Output is for SD/AR. Input is for MM/AP. Blank is used for accounts not
applicable to taxes like cash or accumulated depreciation accounts. Typical accounts
designated as requiring Output Taxes include Revenue Accounts and Trade Receivables.
Typical accounts designated as requiring Input Taxes would include Trade Payables
Accounts and primary cost elements that are normally taxable (small tools, material
consumed). In the USA, component inventory is not taxable, but in Canada, it is usually
partially taxable (GST).

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Required Configuration Steps

You must perform the following configuration steps:

1. Configuring the communication

2. Testing the external system tax data retrieval
3. Activating the Tax Interface System
4. Configuring the External Tax Document
5. Defining the tax jurisdiction code structure
6. Customizing Master Data Tax Classifications (SD)
7. Customizing Master Data Tax Indicators (MM)
8. Maintaining Master Data (SD)
9. Maintaining Master data (MM)
10. Setting up tax codes
11. Setting up SD condition records
12. Configuring Tax Per Document – Max Tax

The above steps should be performed sequentially.

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Configuring the communication

1. Define a physical destination

Communications between R/3 and a sales/use tax package are established using
SAP RFC (Remote Function Calls). You must create an RFC destination that
specifies the type of communication and the directory path in which the tax
package executable or shell scripts program is installed. You must set up the RFC
destination as a TCP/IP communication protocol. The destination name is user
defined.

IMG Path: Financial accounting>Financial accounting global

settings>Taxes on sales/purchases>Basic settings>External tax
calculation>Define physical destination

1. Choose Execute.
2. Choose Create.
3. Select and input a logical name for the RFC Destination, for
example, “SABRIX” or “TAXWARE” or “VERTEX”
4. Under Connection type enter T.
5. Enter a short description text.
6. Choose Enter.
7. Define the directory path.
This is the directory path in which the tax package executable or shell script
program is installed.
There are two recommended methods to define the directory path:
• SAP and Tax Software Package reside on the same server
If R/3 and the external tax package are to reside on the same server,
click Application Server to select as the program location. In the field
Program, the external tax package’s executable or shell script
program, along with the directory path in which it was installed, must
be specified. Click Save.
• SAP and Tax Software Package reside on different servers
If R/3 and the external tax package were to reside on different servers,
then this would be an explicit communication setup. Click Explicit
host. In the field Program, input the external tax package’s executable
or shell script program along with the directory path in which it was
installed. In the field Target Host, enter the host name of the server
where the external tax package resides. Click Save.

8. If necessary, set up the correct SAP gateway host and gateway

service. This setup is frequently an area of concern. An
understanding of the directory path is of utmost
importance.

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2. Test the connection

To test the connection between R/3 and the external tax system, choose the Test
connection button in the upper left-hand corner of the screen.

If any error occurs, verify that:

1. The connection type is TCP/IP.
2. Program location and host name are correctly specified.
3. The directory path and the name of the executable program are correct.
4. The gateway host and service name is correctly specified
5. The external tax package has been installed correctly and is the correct
version.
6. The external tax package’s API for the R/3 tax interface is installed correctly
and is the correct version.
7. The R/3 RFC libraries are the correct version.
8. The correct permissions are set for the user account.
9. The user has read/write authority.

If this test fails, halt the installation! This test must be successful in order for
R/3 to communicate with the external tax package.

If the connection is successful, also verify that the external tax package installed
supports the R/3 4.6 version of the API. You do that by going to:

System InformationÆFunction List

Check if the following functions are listed:

• RFC_CALCULATE_TAXES_DOC
• RFC_UPDATE_TAXES_DOC
• RFC_FORCE_TAXES_DOC
• RFC_DETERMINE_JURISDICTION

If one ore more of these functions are missing please contact your external
tax system vendor for their latest version. Please note: as Sabrix has been
certified as an external tax vendor for releases 4.6C and higher, they do not
list these functions explicitly in the RFC Function List!

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Testing the external system tax data retrieval

In order to test the external tax system, dummy RFC-enabled function modules were
created in R/3 to simulate the external tax RFC functions. The RFC-enabled function
modules can be tested with the R/3 Function Builder Test Utility.

As of release 4.6A, testing can be done for:

1. Jurisdiction code determination
2. Tax calculation
3. Tax update
4. Tax forced update

It is imperative to perform these tests and check its results before continuing with
further configuration. These tests might also be useful to resolve customer
problems.

With SE37 you can expect some of the following errors:

• "timeout during allocate" / "CPI-C error CM_RESOURCE_FAILURE_RETRY"

It was not possible to connect to the remote machine. See the chapter "Configuring
the communication" for details.
• Short-dump: "Start of TP … failed" / "CPI-C error
Please verify if the program name in the destination has been set up correctly. See the
chapter "Configuring the communication" for details.
• Short dump: "Function … is not available"
You probably don't have a version of the external tax package that supports the R/3
4.6 release. See the chapter "Configuring the communication" for details.
• The export parameters indicate an error (RETCODE>0).
Check your input parameters. These errors are never R/3 errors! If necessary,
consult you external tax package vendor or the manual of the external tax system.1
• No error occurs, but nothing comes back.
Don't forget to enter the destination of the RFC target system.

1. Test jurisdiction code determination

1. Menu Path: Tools>ABAP/4 Workbench>Function Builder

Transaction: SE37

2. Function module: RFC_DETERMINE_JURISDICTION.

1
Please note that fields like DOC_NUMBER (in the calculation) and TAX_TYPE are optional fields. They
should not be required to have a value.

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3. Choose ‘Single test’ or F8.

4. Specify the RFC destination name - defined in Configuring the

communication, section 1 step 3 - in the field RFC target system.
Please note that this must be entered using uppercase letters.

5. Double click on LOCATION_DATA located under Import

Parameters. A pop-up window should appear for entering test data.

To facilitate test data entering, choose ‘Single entry’ or Shift+F7.

Another pop-up window will appear for entering test data. Here, the
input parameters are placed vertically to facilitate scrolling.

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6. Import parameters

Structure: LOCATION_DATA

Parameter Definition Example

COUNTRY Country US
US State or Canadian
STATE Province. In R/3, it is called FL
‘Region’.
COUNTY In R/3, it is called ‘District’ Blank

CITY City Miami

In R/3, it is called ‘Postal
ZIPCODE 33186
code’
Blank or 02 – Sabrix,
TXJCD_L1 1st length of Jurisd. Code Blank or 02 –Taxware,
Blank or 02 – Vertex
Blank or 02 – Sabrix,
TXJCD_L2 2nd length of Jurisd. Code Blank or 05 – Taxware,
Blank or 03 – Vertex
Blank or 05 – Sabrix,
TXJCD_L3 3rd length of Jurisd. Code Blank or 02 – Taxware,
Blank or 04 – Vertex
Blank or 05 – Sabrix,
TXJCD_L4 4th length of Jurisd. Code Blank or 00 – Taxware,
Blank or 01 – Vertex

Hint: It is recommended to enter at least STATE and ZIPCODE for a successful

jurisdiction determination.

7. After entering the test data, return to Function Builder by choosing

enter and then back arrow.

Hint: It is possible to save test data by choosing ‘Save’. A pop-up window will
appear. Enter a descriptive short text and choose enter/save. You can retrieve the
test data saved by choosing ‘Test data directory’ or Ctrl+Shift+F6. Modifying
and saving existent test data creates new test data. Notice that the ‘Test data
directory’ contents are client independent.

8. Choose Execute.

9. To view the results double click on LOCATION_RESULTS

under Tables. To view messages, double click on
LOCATION_ERR under Export parameters.

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10. Output parameters

Table: LOCATION_RESULTS

Parameter Definition Example

It depends on the external

TXJCD Tax Jurisdiction Code
tax system
OUT OF_CITY In and Out City flag

2. Test tax calculation

1. Menu Path: Tools>ABAP/4 Workbench>Function Builder

Transaction: SE37

2. Function module: RFC_CALCULATE_TAXES_DOC

3. Choose ‘Single test’ or F8

4. Specify the RFC destination name - defined in Configuring the

communication, section 1 step 3 - in the field RFC target system. Please note
that this must be entered using uppercase letters.

5. Double click on I_SAP_CONTROL_DATA,

I_TAX_CAL_HEAD_IN located under Import Parameters
and I_TAX_CAL_ITEM_IN located under Tables.

Each time, a pop-up window should appear for entering test

data. To facilitate test data entering, choose ‘Single entry’ or
Shift+F7. Another pop-up window will appear for entering test
data. Here, the input parameters are placed vertically to
facilitate scrolling.

6. Import Parameters

Structure: I_SAP_CONTROL_DATA (SAP Control info)

Parameter Definition Example

APP_SERVER SAP Application Server us01d1

SAP_VERSION SAP Release 46B

INTERF_VERSION SAP Tax Interface Version TAXDOC00

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Structure: I_TAX_CAL_HEAD_IN (Document header input info)

Parameter Definition Example

SYST_NAME Logical R/3 system name DEV

CLIENT Client number 800

COMP_CODE Company Code US01

DOC_NUMBER Document number 0090007640 or blank

Document currency during
CURRENCY USD
tax calculation
Number of decimal places for
CURR_DEC 002
currency
(02, 02, 05, 05) – Sabrix
Length of the nth part of the
TXJCD_L1 …L4 (02, 05, 02, 00) – Taxware
tax jurisdiction code
(02, 03, 04, 01) – Vertex
Tax calculation is done by ‘X’ (SD, MM, FI) or blank (SD
TAX_PER_ITEM
line item.2 only)
Total number of lines in the 000001, 000002, or 000003,
NR_LINE_ITEMS
external tax document.3 etc.

Table: I_TAX_CAL_ITEM_IN (Item input info)

Parameter Definition Example

External tax document 000001, 000002, 000003,
ITEM_NO
item number. etc.
Item position number in 000010, 000020, 000030,
POS_NO
document. etc.
Set position number in 000010, 000040, etc. or
GROUP_ID
document. 4 blank
COUNTRY Departure country US

DIVISION SAP Business Area 0001

MATNR Material number MAT01

Material product code
PROD_CODE defined in the external ‘XXX’ or blank
system.
Set product code. This is
GROUP_PROD_CODE the common product code ‘YYY’ or blank
of the set sub-items.

2
Each line item will be treated separately for tax calculation. Therefore, Max Tax rules across multiple
lines in the same document will not be applied. For rel. 4.6x, this flag should be set when dealing with
MM/FI transactions.
3
Total number of entries in table I_TAX_CAL_ITEM_IN.
4
Set is an item composed of sub-items. When a ‘Set’ is entered in the order, its components will appear as
its sub-items. Each sub-item will have as its higher-level item position number the same GROUP_ID.

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QUANTITY Item quantity 5 ‘ 2000 ’ (two)

UNIT Item selling/buying unit ‘ST ’ (pieces)

Input or Output tax ‘A’ – output tax or A/R
APAR_IND
indicator. ‘V’ – input tax or A/P
‘0’ – Sales Tax
‘1’ – Consumer Use Tax
TAX_TYPE Tax type or category
‘2’ – Service Tax
‘3’ – Rental/Lease Tax
‘ ‘ or ‘0’ – External system
Non-taxable transaction decides 6
EXEMP_IND
control indicator. ‘1’ – Taxable 7
‘2’ – Non-taxable 8
Transaction date for tax
TAX_DATE 19991009
calculation.
TXJCD_ST Ship-to jurisdiction code

TXJCD_SF Ship-from jurisdiction code

Jurisdiction code for Point
TXJCD_POA
of Order Acceptance
Jurisdiction code for Point
TXJCD_POO
of Order Origin
‘ 300000 ‘
AMOUNT tax base amount 9
(three thousand)
‘ 300000 ‘
GROSS_AMOUNT Gross tax base amount 10
(three thousand)
FREIGHT_AM Item freight amount ‘ 1500 ‘ (fifteen)

EXEMPT_AMT Exempt amount Blank

Customer/Vendor account
ACCNT_NO CUST01
number.11

5
The quantity field has an implied 3 decimal places. When entering the quantity, three additional zeros
must be added. Last character is reserved for the sign: space means positive. For example: ‘ 10000 ‘ is
actually 10.000.
6
External system decides if transaction is non-taxable vs. taxable. External system’s taxability decision
engine will be used (see Setting up tax codes, section 1).
7
External system assumes transaction is taxable. Therefore, external system’s taxability decision engine
will be ignored and tax rates will be based solely on jurisdiction codes (see Setting up tax codes, section 1).
8
Call to external tax system will be bypassed during tax calculation. SAP will impose zero rates and zero
amounts (see Setting up tax codes, section 1).
9
When entering a taxable amount, add two additional zeros to take into consideration two decimal places.
Last character represents the sign: ‘ ‘ or ‘+’ for positive values and ‘-‘ for negative values. For example, ‘
10000 ‘ is actually 100.00.
10
This field is currently defaulted with AMOUNT.
11
The field ACCNT_NO has a length of 16 characters. However, the respective fields in the master data in
the R/3 System only have a length of 10. Furthermore, if the account number is numeric only, thus only

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ACCNT_CLS Account class Blank

Cost object where the
COST_OBJECT Cost Center or blank.
goods are consumed.
Indicator: Point of Title
PTP_IND Blank
Passage
Customer exempt
It is recommended to
EXCERTIF certification defined in
leave this field blank
SAP12
Exempt reason defined in It is recommended to
EXREASON
SAP leave this field blank
It is sent during tax
User specific data to be
calculation for validation
USER_DATA passed to external tax
purposes only.
system.13

Hint: Create at least one record in input table: I_TAX_CAL_ITEM_IN.

Copying and then modifying existent entries creates new records:
Position the cursor on an existent record then choose ‘Double line’ or Ctrl+F12.
After the record has been duplicated, double click on the record to be modified.

7. After entering the test data, return to Function Builder by choosing enter and
then back arrow.

Hint: It is possible to save test data by choosing ‘Save’. A pop-up window

will appear. Enter a descriptive short text and choose enter/save. You can
retrieve the test data saved by choosing ‘Test data directory’ or
Ctrl+Shift+F6. Modifying and saving existent test data creates new test data.
Notice that the ‘Test data directory’ contents are client independent.

8. Choose Execute.

9. To view the results, double click on O_EXT_CONTROL_DATA,

O_COM_ERR_DOC under Export parameters and
O_TAX_CAL_ITEM_OUT, O_TAX_CAL_JUR_LEVEL_OUT under
Tables.

consists of numbers, the sequence of the digits is stored right-justified in the R/3 System and filled up with
zeros ('0') from the left. The account numbers in the external system must be maintained in the same way
as stored in the R/3 System (with a field length of 10 characters). However, since the account number here
has a length of 16 and not 10, the system now (during the single test) sends purely numeric account
numbers with 6 additional leading zeros to the external system as it would when posting a document from
SD or FI. The corresponding exemption in the external system will not be found. (Please have a look at
OSS note 382090)
12
If this field is blank, a possible exempt certification defined for the customer will be checked in the
external system.
13
It is recommended to fill this field for reporting purposes ONLY and not to use it for tax calculation.

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10. Output parameters

Structure: O_EXT_CONTROL_DATA (External System Control Info)

Parameter Definition Example

API_VERSION External system API version

SYST_VERSION External system version

Ext. system rate data file
DB_VERSION
version

Structure: O_COM_ERR_DOC (External System Error Info)

Parameter Definition Example

<> 0 if error in at least one
RETCODE
item or header
First line item number which
ERROR_LINE
contains error (if any)
External system specific error
ERRCODE
code
ERRMSG Error message

Table: O_TAX_CAL_ITEM_OUT (Tax results for item)

Parameter Definition Example

External tax document item 000001, 000002, 000003,

ITEM_NO
number. 14 etc.
Jurisdiction indicator used for
TXJCD_IND
tax calculation
TAXPCOV Total item tax percentage rate

TAXAMOV Total item tax amount

Reason Code for material
EXMATFLAG
exemption
Reason Code for customer
EXCUSFLG
tax exemption
Ship-to exemption certificate
EXT_EXCERTIF number defined in External
tax system
Reason Code for tax
EXT_EXREASON exemption defined in External
tax system

14
It corresponds with the input parameter I_TAX_CAL_ITEM_IN-ITEM_NO

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Total number of tax lines by

NR_JUR_LEVELS jurisdiction level for each
item. 15

15
Total number of entries in table O_TAX_CAL_JUR_LEVEL_OUT. External system may not return a
jurisdiction level if all fields are empty and the percentage is zero.

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Table: O_TAX_CAL_JUR_LEVEL_OUT (Tax results by jurisdiction level for item)

Parameter Definition Example

External tax document item 000001, 000002, 000003,
ITEM_NO
number. 16 etc.
1 – State
2 – County
3 – City
TXJLV Jurisdiction Level
4 – District
5 – Secondary City
6 – Secondary District
Actual tax percentage by
TAXPCT
level
TAXAMT Actual tax amount by level
Actual tax base amount per
TAXBAS
level if different than TAXAMT
EXAMT Exempt amount by level

EXCODE Exempt Code by level

3. Test tax update

1. Menu Path: Tools>ABAP/4 Workbench>Function Builder

Transaction: SE37

2. Function module: RFC_UPDATE_TAXES_DOC

3. Choose ‘Single test’ or F8

4. Specify the RFC destination name - defined in Configuring the

communication, section 1 step 3 - in the field RFC target system. Please note
that this must be entered using uppercase letters.

5. Double click on I_SAP_CONTROL_DATA, I_TAX_UPD_HEAD_IN

located under Import Parameters and I_TAX_UPD_ITEM_IN located under
Tables.

Each time, a pop-up window should appear for entering test data. To facilitate
test data entering, choose ‘Single entry’ or Shift+F7. Another pop-up window
will appear for entering test data. Here, the input parameters are placed
vertically to facilitate scrolling.

16
It corresponds with the input parameter I_TAX_CAL_ITEM_IN-ITEM_NO

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6. Import Parameters

Structure: I_SAP_CONTROL_DATA (SAP Control info)

Same structure defined in Test tax calculation – step 6.

Structure: I_TAX_UPD_HEAD_IN (Document header input info)

Includes same parameters and parameter definitions from structure
I_TAX_CAL_HEAD_IN defined in Test tax calculation – step 6, except for:
Parameter Definition Example
0090007640 (it should not
DOC_NUMBER Document number
be blank)
Tax calculation is done by ‘X’ (SD, MM, FI) or blank
TAX_PER_ITEM
line item.17 (SD only)
Total number of lines in the
000001, 000112 or 00006,
NR_LINE_ITEMS external tax document to be
etc.
updated.18

Table: I_TAX_UPD_ITEM_IN (Item input info to be updated)

Include all parameters from structure I_TAX_CAL_ITEM_IN in Test tax calculation –
step 6, plus the following additional parameters:
Parameter Definition Example
Posting date or accounting
REP_DATE Reporting date
document date
‘ ‘ or ‘0’ – SAP Tax liability
Debit/Credit transaction account is credited
CREDIT_IND
indicator ‘1’ – SAP Tax liability
account is debited
Store Code for reporting
STORE_CODE
purposes ONLY
User specific data for
USER_REPT_DATA
reporting purposes ONLY

Hint: Create at least one record in input table: I_TAX_UPD_ITEM_IN.

Copying and then modifying existent entries creates new records:
Position the cursor on an existent record then choose ‘Double line’ or Ctrl+F12.
After the record has been duplicated, double click on the record to be modified.

17
Despite of the fact that the entire document is being updated, each line item might have been treated
separately during tax calculation. Therefore, Max Tax rules across multiple items in the same document
were not applied then. Thus, external tax system should take this in consideration during the update!
For rel. 4.6x, this flag should be set when dealing with MM/FI transactions.

18
Total number of entries in table I_TAX_UPD_ITEM_IN.

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7. After entering the test data, return to Function Builder by choosing enter and
then back arrow.

Hint: It is possible to save test data by choosing ‘Save’. A pop-up window

will appear. Enter a descriptive short text and choose enter/save. You can
retrieve the test data saved by choosing ‘Test data directory’ or
Ctrl+Shift+F6. Modifying and saving existent test data creates new test data.
Notice that the ‘Test data directory’ contents are client independent.

8. Choose Execute.

9. To view the results double-click on O_EXT_CONTROL_DATA,

O_COM_ERR_DOC under Export parameters.

10. Output parameters

Structure: O_EXT_CONTROL_DATA (External System Control Info)

Same structure defined in Test tax calculation – step 10.

Structure: O_COM_ERR_DOC (External System Error Info)

Same structure defined in Test tax calculation – step 10.

4. Test tax forced update

1. Menu Path: Tools>ABAP/4 Workbench>Function Builder

Transaction: SE37

2. Function module: RFC_FORCE_TAXES_DOC

3. Choose ‘Single test’ or F8

4. Specify the RFC destination name - defined in Configuring the

communication, section 1 step 3 - in the field RFC target system. Please note
that this must be entered using uppercase letters.

5. Double click on I_SAP_CONTROL_DATA, I_TAX_FRC_HEAD_IN

located under Import Parameters and I_TAX_FRC_ITEM_IN,
I_TAX_FRC_JUR_LEVEL_IN located under Tables.

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Each time, a pop-up window should appear for entering test data. To facilitate
test data entering, choose ‘Single entry’ or Shift+F7. Another pop-up window
will appear for entering test data. Here, the input parameters are placed
vertically to facilitate scrolling.

6. Import Parameters

Structure: I_SAP_CONTROL_DATA (SAP Control info)

Same structure defined in Test tax calculation – step 6.

Structure: I_TAX_FRC_HEAD_IN (Document header info to be forced update)

Includes same parameters and parameter definitions from structure
I_TAX_UPD_HEAD_IN defined in Test tax update – step 6.

Table: I_TAX_FRC_ITEM_IN (Item info to be forced update)

Include all parameters from structure I_TAX_UPD_ITEM_IN in Test tax update - step
6, plus the parameters from structure O_TAX_CAL_ITEM_OUT in Test tax calculation
– step 10.

Table: I_TAX_FRC_JUR_LEVEL_IN (Tax info by jurisdiction level for item)

Include all parameters from structure O_TAX_CAL_JUR_LEVEL_OUT in Test tax

calculation – step 10.

Hint: Create at least one record in input table: I_TAX_FRC_ITEM_IN and the
correspondent records in table: I_TAX_FRC_JUR_LEVEL_IN.
Copying and then modifying existent entries creates new records:
Position the cursor on an existent record then choose ‘Double line’ or Ctrl+F12.
After the record has been duplicated, double click on the record to be modified.

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7. After entering the test data, return to Function Builder by choosing enter and
then back arrow.

Hint: It is possible to save test data by choosing ‘Save’. A pop-up window

will appear. Enter a descriptive short text and choose enter/save. You can
retrieve the test data saved by choosing ‘Test data directory’ or
Ctrl+Shift+F6. Modifying and saving existent test data creates new test data.
Notice that the ‘Test data directory’ contents are client independent.

8. Choose Execute.

9. To view the results double click on O_EXT_CONTROL_DATA,

O_COM_ERR_DOC under Export parameters.

10. Output parameters

Structure: O_EXT_CONTROL_DATA (External System Control Info)

Same structure defined in Test tax calculation – step 10.

Structure: O_COM_ERR_DOC (External System Error Info)

Same structure defined in Test tax calculation – step 10.

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Activating the Tax Interface System

1. Define a tax procedure to a country

In R/3, tax calculation/posting processing steps are defined by a tax procedure.

The tax procedure TAXUSX is used to handle US Sales & Use tax
calculation/postings. TAXUSX uses an external tax system to retrieve tax rates
and tax amounts. TAXUSX is delivered in R/3 as a standard tax procedure along
with all necessary condition types. In order for a tax procedure to be executed, it
should be assigned to a country.

IMG Path: Financial accounting>Financial accounting global settings>Tax

on sales/purchases>Basic Settings>Assign country to calculation
procedure

Transaction: OBBG

Table: T005

Each country can have only one tax procedure.

During a particular R/3 business transaction, the tax procedure assigned to the
company code country (MM/FI) or the country of the plant’s company code (SD)
will be executed.

2. Activate external tax calculation

To define how the tax procedure TAXUSX accesses the external tax system, the
external system ID, the RFC destination and the tax interface version need to be
defined.

IMG Path: Financial Accounting>Financial accounting global settings>

Tax on sales/purchases>Basic settings>External tax
calculation>Activate external tax calculation

Table: TTXD

Choose Execute.

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1. External Tax System ID (ExID):

Define an ID for the active external tax system.
For example: ‘A ’ (External Tax Interface ID)

In R/3, populating this field has the following consequence:

Tax calculation takes place using an external system. Therefore, when
maintaining tax codes, the system does not ask for a jurisdiction code.
The required jurisdiction codes will be automatically determined by the
external tax system during master records creation/changes. These
jurisdiction codes will be passed to the external tax system through the tax
interface system. The tax interface system is in turn called by the tax
procedure TAXUSX.

2. RFC Destination:
The logical name defined in Configuring the communication, section 1 step 3,
for the RFC destination.
As described in Configuring the communication, the logical destination name
defines the path for the external tax system API executable file.
Notice that the IMG activity ‘Define logical destination’ will no longer be
relevant for configuration. Therefore, the customizing table ‘TTXC’ is no
longer relevant.

3. Interface Version (Int. Version):

The current SAP-API interface version is TAXDOC00.
The tax interface version is the specific SAP-API version used by the
external tax system for communicating with R/3. Each new SAP-API version
comes with new functions, and usually corresponds to an R/3 release. It is
advisable that the external tax system supports the latest version. After you
have installed the latest version of the external tax system API, you must set
this field accordingly.

As of release 4.6A, SAP will NOT SUPPORT any interface version older
than TAXDOC00.

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Configuring the External Tax Document

The External Tax Document is the entity name for tax relevant information for one
particular document. This information is to be updated into the external audit register file
for legal reporting purposes.

An External Tax Document is created when a SD, MM or FI document is successfully

posted to accounting. The following configuration steps have to be set up:

1. Define Number Ranges for External Tax Documents

IMG Path: Financial Accounting>Financial accounting global

settings>Taxes on sales/purchases>Basic Settings>
External tax calculation> Define Number Ranges for External
Tax Documents

Transaction: OBETX

1 Choose ‘Change intervals’

2 If entry does not exist, add an entry with number range ‘01’ by choosing
‘Insert interval’ or Shift+F1.
Number range ‘01’ will be the ONLY number range used.

3 You can enter ‘000000000001’ for the lower limit and ‘999999999999’ for
the upper limit.

4 Initialize the External Tax Document numbering by entering ‘1’ for current
number.

5 The number range ‘01’ should be internal. DO NOT SET the External number
range flag.

Note: The numbers are buffered. Therefore, gaps can occur.

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2. Activate External Tax Document

The ‘Activ’ flag controls if an External Tax Document can be updated into the
external tax audit file for legal reporting purposes. This flag is read during the SD,
MM and/or FI document posting process. If this flag is not set, the tax information
will be lost and there will be no External Tax Document updated to the external
audit file.

IMG Path: Financial Accounting>Financial accounting global

settings>Taxes on sales/purchases>Basic Settings>
External tax calculation>Activate external updating

Table: TRWCA

Appendix A describes when and how the tax data (comprised in the external tax
document) is updated to the external audit file.

Appendix B describes how to view the external tax document.

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Defining the tax jurisdiction code structure

This configuration step is required by “SAP tax calculation engine”. SAP tax
calculation engine needs to know how a jurisdiction code is structured as well as
if tax should be calculated/posted by line item.
Although these concepts have no meaning for external tax calculation, it
influences the relevant input data passed to the tax interface system for tax
calculation and postings.

IMG Path: Financial accounting>Financial accounting global

settings>Tax on sales/purchases>Basic Settings>
Specify structure for tax jurisdiction code

Transaction: OBCO

Table: TTXD

Add entry TAXUSX (Sabrix = 2,2,5,5 or Taxware = 2,5,2 or Vertex = 2,3,4,1).

Indicator TxIn: Determine taxes by line item

When this indicator is set, taxes are calculated on a line-by-line basis within the
MM and FI application. This is necessary in order to pass on material specific
data such as material number and quantity as well as to make sure that the taxes
can be reported on a line-item basis. A cumulative tax amount based on the
combination of tax code and jurisdiction would not apply here.

If the taxes are entered manually in the transaction - the “calculate tax”
button is turned off - the check is performed on a cumulative basis regardless
of the determine-taxes-by-line-item indicator. This logic was changed with
note 589301!

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Customizing Master Data Tax Classifications (SD)

Tax codes can be automatically derived from material and customer master file - tax
classifications. Tax codes contain properties that are relevant for correct tax calculation
within the external tax system. First, the tax category needs to be defined for the country,
followed by the configuration of possible tax classifications for customer and material
master files. Finally, the allowed tax classifications can be entered in the master files
themselves. Tax category and tax classifications are described below.

1. Define tax category by departure country (SD)

A tax category has to be defined by departure country. Allowable departure

country is the plant’s country and/or the company code’s country.
The tax category allows tax classification to be entered in the customer master
and material master (see Maintaining Master Data (SD), sections 1.2 and 2).

The tax category displayed in the customer master record depends on:
1. The customer sales organization’s company code country.
2. The country of each plant assigned to that sales organization.

The tax category displayed in the material master record depends on:
1. The material sales organization’s company code country.
2. The country of each plant assigned to that sales organization.

IMG Path: Sales and Distribution>Basic functions>Taxes>

Define tax determination rules

Transaction: OVK1

Table: TSTL

Tax category UTXJ must be maintained using a sequence of 1 for the U.S.
Tax category CTXJ must be maintained using a sequence of 1 for Canada.

Note: No more than one tax category should be maintained for U.S. and for
Canada. Therefore, users should delete entries UTX2, CTX2, UTX3, CTX3 to
suppress them from display on the customer/material master taxes view.

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2. Customer master configuration (SD)

This configuration defines the possible tax classifications for the tax category in
the customer master on the billing screen.

IMG Path: Sales and Distribution>Basic functions>Taxes>

Define tax relevancy of master records>Control: Customers

Transaction: OVK3

Table: TSKD

Customer tax classification indicators are defined based upon tax category UTXJ
for the U.S. and CTXJ for Canada.

The customer tax classification indicator is used as a key in automatically

determining the tax code within SD (see Setting up SD condition records). As
described in Setting up tax codes – section 1, a tax code can be customized to
bypass the external tax system for tax calculation and force tax exemption in SAP
by returning zero tax rates and zero tax amounts.
Therefore, the tax classification is used by R/3 internally to indicate whether the
customer is exempt from sales tax payment. If all tax exemption handling were
done by the external tax system, then the tax classification indicator on the
customer would be set to taxable. On the other side, if for some customer masters,
tax exemption handling is done in SAP, then the tax classification indicator on
those customer masters is set to exempt from sales tax payment.
Create the allowed customer tax classification(s). Example: ‘0’ – Tax exempt and
‘1’ – Taxable.

3. Material master configuration (SD)

The A/R material tax classification indicator is also used as a key in automatically
determining the tax code within SD (see Setting up SD condition records).
Multiple tax classifications may need to be set up for special tax rules and
regulations based on material. These tax classification indicators are user defined,
and point to user defined tax codes (see Setting up tax codes).

IMG Path: Sales and Distribution>Basic functions>Taxes>

Define tax relevancy of master records>Control: Materials

Transaction: OVK4

Table: TSKM

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A/R material tax classification indicators are defined based upon tax category
UTXJ for the U.S. and tax category CTXJ for Canada.

For example, tax classification 0 could represent an exempt material or service

that could point to a tax code O0. Tax classification 1 could represent a standard
product which points to a tax code O1. Tax classification 2 could represent a
service which points to a tax code O2. Tax classification 3 could represent a
rental/lease which points to a tax code O3. Tax classification 4 could point to a
tax code O4 that represents a Taxware product code 12000 for consulting
services. Tax classification 5 could point to a tax code O5 that represents a user
defined product code of 9937299.

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Customizing Master Data Tax Indicators (MM)

Tax codes can be automatically derived from material, plant and account assignment for
purchasing transactions (see Appendix F). As with SD master data configuration, tax
classification indicators must be maintained to determine the tax codes.

The tax code can be overwritten within the purchase order (item details) and the invoice
verification document.

1. Material master configuration (MM)

IMG Path: Materials Management>Purchasing>Taxes>

Set tax indicator for material

Transaction: OMKK

Table: TMKM1

The A/P material tax classification indicator is used as a key to automatically

determine the tax code within purchasing. Multiple tax classifications may need to
be set up for special tax rules and regulations based on material. These tax
classification indicators are user defined, and point to user defined tax codes (see
10.5). For example, tax classification 0 could represent an exempt material or
service which points to a tax code I0. Tax classification 1 may represent a
standard product which points to a tax code I1. Tax classification 2 represents a
service which points to a tax code I2. Tax classification 3 represents a rental/lease
that points to a tax code defined as I3. Tax classification 4 points to a tax code U1
that represents A/P consumer use tax. Tax classification 5 points to a tax code I4
that represents a Taxware product code of 52000 for insurance. Tax classification
6 points to a tax code I5 that represents a user defined product code 9937299.

2. Define tax classification indicators for plant (MM)

IMG Path: Materials Management>Purchasing>Taxes>

Set tax indicator for plant

Transaction: OMKM

Table: TMKW1

Define the MM plant tax classification indicators.

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3. Assign tax classification indicators to plant (MM)

IMG Path: Materials Management>Purchasing>Taxes>

Assign tax indicators for plants

Transaction: OMKN

Table: T001W

Assign U.S. plants a tax classification indicator.

Please note that this step is not mandatory. This step is only necessary if
plant will be used to automatically determine the tax code on MM
documents.

4. Define tax classification indicators for account assignment

(MM)

IMG Path: Materials Management>Purchasing>Taxes>

Set tax indicator for account assignment

Transaction: OMKL

Table: TMKK1

Define the MM account assignment tax classification indicators.

5. Assign tax classification indicators for account

assignments (MM)

IMG Path: Materials Management>Purchasing>Taxes>

Assign tax indicators for account assignments

Transaction: OMKO

Table: T163KS

Assign account assignments a tax classification indicator.

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Please note that this step is not mandatory. This step is only necessary if
account assignments will be used to automatically determine the tax code on
MM documents.

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Maintaining Master Data (SD)

Sales & Use tax calculations require location information to properly determine where
consumption of tangible personal property occurred. This information in the form of tax
jurisdiction codes is stored on the master records. A tax classification indicator is also
stored on some master records. The customer master jurisdiction (representing the ship-to
location) and the taxability indicator assist in determining the tax. The plant master
record contains a tax jurisdiction code identifying the ship-from location. The material
master record has a material tax classification indicator that along with the customer tax
classification indicator automatically determine the tax code.

1. Maintain customer master (SD)

1.1. Maintain Customer Tax Jurisdiction Code

The customer tax jurisdiction code is automatically determined and displayed on

the address data screen as well as on the control data screen. The jurisdiction code
determination occurs when the address information is input into the customer
master address screen. The minimum address data that must be entered for this to
occur is the country (U.S. or Canada), the postal code (zip code) and the region
(state or province). If multiple jurisdiction codes are associated with this
minimum data, a pop-up window will display all choices by state, county and city.
The user must then choose the appropriate jurisdiction code. If the district
(county) is available to be sent to the third party system, the result could be a
specific jurisdiction being returned. However, misspellings will return no
jurisdiction codes. A pop-up window will inform the user when the jurisdiction
code has been updated. When loading master data by batch input, no automatic
determination of the appropriate jurisdiction code can be made if multiple
jurisdiction codes are returned and the jurisdiction code will not be updated within
the master record. User intervention will be required to correct those records that
fail update during batch processing. The exact jurisdiction code returned would
depend on the external tax system.

If tax jurisdiction code is determined using F4-possible entries on the field, the
resulted tax jurisdiction code will be checked against the address data for
consistency.

Menu Path: Logistics>Sales and distribution>Master data>Business

partners>Sold-to party>Create/Change>Create/Change

Transaction: V-03 or V-09 centrally create / VD02 or XD02 centrally change

Screens: Address, Control data

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Important Note:

Messages can be displayed as a result of the tax jurisdiction determination

process. For example: if jurisdiction code cannot be determined due to
misspellings or due to multiple jurisdiction codes returned in batch input.
These messages can be behave as an error, warning or information message.
depending on the user customizing set up.

IMG Path: Financial Accounting>Financial accounting global settings>

Tax on sales/purchases>Basic settings>Change Message Control
for Taxes

1.2. Maintain Customer Tax Classification

The customer tax classification indicator must be keyed into the billing screen of
the customer master record.19

Menu Path: Logistics>Sales and distribution>Master data>Business

partners>Sold-to party>Create/Change>Create/Change

Transaction: V-03 or V-09 centrally create / VD02 or XD02 centrally change

Screens: Address, Control data and Billing

The customer tax classification indicator can be overwritten during sales order
entry.

Menu Path: Logistics>Sales/distribution>Sales>Order/Inquiry/Quotation>

Create/Change

Transaction: VA01/VA02 Sales Order

VA11/VA12 Sales Inquiry
VA21/VA22 Sales Quotation

Within a sales order Goto>Header>Billing enter the desired indicator in the field
named Alt. tax classific.

19
The allowed customer tax classification indicators are defined in Customizing Master Data Tax
Classifications (SD) – Section 2.

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2. Maintain material master tax classification (SD)

The material tax classification indicator must be entered in the material master
record on the Sales: sales org 1 screen.20

Menu Path: Logistics>Sales and distribution>Master data>Products>

Material>{select one e.g. Trading goods}>Create/Change
Select View>Sales: Sales Organization 1

Transaction: MM01 create / MM02 change

Screens: Sales: sales org. 1

The material tax classification indicator can be overwritten during sales order
entry.

Menu Path: Logistics>Sales/distribution>Sales>Order/Inquiry/Quotation>

Create/Change

Transaction: VA01/VA02 Sales Order

VA11/VA12 Sales Inquiry
VA21/VA22 Sales Quotation

Within a sales order, select the line item, then Goto>Item>Billing and enter the
desired indicator in the field named Tax classification.

3. Maintain plant master jurisdiction code (SD)

The jurisdiction code relevant to a plant’s location must be maintained on the

plant master record. This code provides the external tax system with the ship-from
location for A/R and the ship-to location in A/P.
The plant tax jurisdiction code is automatically determined and displayed on the
plant address data screen.

IMG Path: Materials Management>Purchasing>Environment Data>

Define tax jurisdiction>Details

Transaction: OX10

20
The allowed customer tax classification indicators are defined in Customizing Master Data Tax
Classifications (SD) – Section 3.

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Maintain the plant address screen by choosing ‘Address’ or Shift+F5.

The jurisdiction code determination for a plant works the same as a customer
jurisdiction code determination described in Maintaining Master Data (SD) –
Section 1.1.
The address information including the plant jurisdiction code will be updated into
the plant’s detailed information after the ‘Save’ button is chosen.

Hint: It is important to maintain the jurisdiction codes for all the plants located
in the US and Canada.

Important Note:

As of release 4.6B, transaction OMGJ is no longer relevant for plant jurisdiction

code determination and it has been replaced by transaction OX10.

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Maintaining Master data (MM)

Master data must be maintained to provide ship-to and ship-from location information for
procurement of goods and services within the MM and FI modules. The ship-to location
represents where the consumption of goods and services occurs for sales and use tax
calculations. The ship-from location is required to correctly calculate sales and use tax in
certain jurisdictions. Also, the tax classification of the material must be maintained. This
provides the taxability determination for the purchasing of goods and services.

1. Maintain plant master jurisdiction code (MM)

The plant provides a ship-to location. This setup is the same as the one described
in Maintaining Master Data (SD) – Section 3.

2. Maintain Cost Center master jurisdiction code (MM)

The location of a cost center can also represent the ship-to location.

Menu Path: Accounting>Controlling>Cost Center Accounting>Master data>

Cost Center>Individual Processing>Create/Change

Transaction: KS01 create / KS02 change

To maintain address information, choose the address icon.

3. Maintain Vendor master jurisdiction code (MM)

The location of a vendor provides the ship-from location.

Menu path: Logistics>Materials management>Purchasing>

Master data>Vendor>Purchasing>Create/Change

Transaction: MK01 create / MK02 change

The vendor tax jurisdiction code is automatically determined and displayed on the
address data screen as well as on the control data screen.
The jurisdiction code determination for a vendor works the same as a customer
jurisdiction code determination described in Maintaining Master Data (SD) –
Section 1.1.

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4. Maintain material master tax indicator (MM)

The tax classification indicator on the material master provides the taxability of
the material for all purchasing transactions. This indicator and the ship-to and
ship-from jurisdictions provide the information necessary to calculate the sales or
use tax.

Menu Path: Logistics>Sales and distribution>Master data>Products>

Material>{select one, i.e. Trading goods}>Create/Change>
Select view(s)>Purchasing

Transaction: MM01 create / MM02 change

Screens: Purchasing

Populate the field Tax indicator for material.

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Pricing Procedure and Condition Techniques

Within the SAP business transactions, Sales & Use Tax Calculations make use of pricing
procedure and condition techniques. Knowledge on condition techniques (see course
LO620 – Pricing in Sales & Distribution) is necessary for further understanding of the tax
calculation process.

1. Brief concept on Pricing Procedure and Condition

Techniques:

A pricing procedure might consist of several condition types. If a condition type is

activated during the pricing procedure execution, the condition type might return an
amount back, i.e. material price, discount, surcharge, freight, tax amount, etc. which in
turn, might be part of the total item sales price depending on the condition type
customizing set up. There are several ways to activate a condition type within a pricing
procedure. One approach is using condition records. The parameters of a condition record
are defined in the access sequence for the condition type. When the condition record is
being read, it usually returns a value for its condition type in the pricing procedure. This
value can be defined during the condition record maintenance or determined using
condition value formula configured in the pricing procedure.

2. Tax Calculation in SD:

In SD document transactions, tax calculation is processed within the pricing procedure.

We first start with what is the minimum necessary to get US taxes calculated in SD.
Further on we will explain what is necessary to include the tax per document
functionality in SD. For performance reasons as well as for compliance with maximum
tax laws we recommend that you use tax per document.

2.1. Minimum steps for having taxes calculated in SD

To trigger US taxes calculation using an external tax system, at least 3 conditions should
be met:
1. Condition types UTXJ, XR1, XR2, XR3, XR4, XR5 and XR6 should exist in the
customer pricing procedure.
2. UTXJ should have the condition value formula 300 and XR1…XR6 the respectively
condition value formulas 301…306.
3. UTXJ must be active in the customer pricing procedure during the SD document
transaction.

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For what is necessary to include the tax per document functionality see the next
paragraph. We recommend

Conditions 1 and 2 are met using the standard pricing procedure RVAXUS delivered by
SAP. The pricing procedure RVAXUS can be used as a template for US tax calculation
using an external tax system (RVAXUS is defined in transaction V/08).

Condition 3 is met if, during the pricing procedure execution, a condition record is found
for UTXJ. Therefore, condition records for UTXJ have to be maintained. This is
described in Setting up SD condition records – section 1.

When maintaining UTXJ condition records, you will notice that each combination must
be mapped to a corresponding tax code. The SD tax codes are equivalent to those set up
in FI (see Setting up tax codes).

Therefore, in order to maintain the UTXJ condition records, it is required to set up the tax
codes first. This is described in Setting up tax codes.

2.2. Configuring Tax Per Document – Max Tax

As of release 4.6A, the Tax Per Document method is available. This method is important
to allow Max Tax calculation rules across multiple items to be applied for a SD
document. Tax Per Document is also important for performance reason: The RFC call
made to the external tax system happens only once for the entire document instead of for
each line item.

In order to make full use of the Tax Per Document method the correct configuration set
up is required in SD.

The SAP standard delivered pricing procedure RVAXUD should be used instead of
RVAXUS.

In RVAXUD, the condition type UTXJ is replaced by 2 other condition types:

• UTXD: it differs from UTXJ for being a Group condition.
• UTXE: it differs from UTXJ for being a Group condition and for having no access
sequence.

As condition type UTXD has UTXJ as reference condition type, there is no need to
maintain condition records for UTXD. The UTXJ condition records will be used for
UTXD as well.

As condition type UTXE has no access sequence, it will always be active in the pricing
procedure during SD document transactions.

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Please note in the pricing procedure RVAXUD the condition type UTXD has condition
value formula 500 (instead of 300) and UTXE has condition value formula 510. In
addition, condition type UTXD contains scale base formula 500.21

During condition value formula 500, all document items will be collected and stored.
After the tax relevant data is stored for all items, it will be passed to the external tax
system for tax calculation. External tax system can eventually execute Max Tax
calculation rules across multiple items. The tax results from the external system will be
distributed back to the corresponding item through the condition value formula 510.22
The condition value formulas 500 and 510 are able to operate accordingly because
UTXD and UTXE are group conditions.

Please note that pricing procedures RVAXUS and RVAXUD cannot be used
simultaneously for the same sold-to party. Partial use of both pricing procedures,
for example RVAXUD in the sales order/billing and RVAXUS in the credit memo,
might lead to inconsistent tax calculation and reporting. SAP will not support the
incorrect use of both pricing procedures RVAXUD and RVAXUS.

3. Tax calculation in MM and FI:

For MM and FI transactions, tax calculation makes use of a tax procedure instead of a
pricing procedure. Tax procedure also uses the condition techniques.
The peculiar aspects of tax procedures:
• Every condition type in a tax procedure has the same access sequence MWST.
• Access sequence MWST has 2 parameters: country and tax code.
• The tax condition records for each condition type is created through the FI condition
record maintenance (see Setting up tax codes – Section 2).
• The FI tax condition records are based on the tax code and are created in central
configuration for tax code condition records. The tax codes are used in accounts
receivable sales and use tax, accounts payable sales tax and accounts payable self-
assessment / use tax.
• For MM and FI document transactions, the company code’s country and the tax code
entered will form the FI tax condition records for the country tax procedure.
• For MM, if the tax code is not entered manually, an automatic tax code determination
is necessary. Configuration set up for automatic tax code determination in MM is
described in appendix F.
• Tax procedure also determines the G/L (tax liability) accounts to which the tax
amounts are to be posted to accounting. A correct configuration set up is required for

21
Add the scale formula using transaction V/06 (maintain condition types). In case there are problems
adding the scale formula (blanks out immediately) you have to check with OSS note 188732 to see how to
get around this problem.
22
From release 4.6C formula 510 has been moved to formula 501. In your tax per document pricing
procedure replace alternate condition type formula 510 with 501.

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automatic G/L account determination. The configuration set up is described in Setting

up tax codes – Section 3.

The standard tax procedure delivered by SAP for tax calculation using external tax
system is TAXUSX.

The tax procedure TAXUSX is configured to call the tax interface system through the
Condition Value Formulas: 300…306. The tax interface system passes tax relevant
information to the external tax system like tax code properties, ship-to and ship-from
jurisdiction codes, taxable amount, etc. and returns the tax amounts and tax rates from the
external tax system back to the transaction.

4. Why is tax procedure TAXUSX important for SD?

During SD document transactions, tax procedure TAXUSX is only relevant to determine

the tax liability accounts for output sales tax. Notice that in pricing procedure RVAXUS,
the condition types XR1…XR6 will carry the tax rates and tax amounts - resulted from
the external tax system calculation - which will be posted to tax G/L accounts. However,
the tax accounts are not specified in the pricing procedure but rather in the tax
procedure (see Setting up tax codes – Section 2). Tax codes are the link between
pricing procedure and tax procedure.

As mentioned in above Section 2 (Tax Calculation in SD), the SD tax codes are
equivalent to those set up in FI. When the tax code is automatically determined in SD,
through UTXJ condition records, it and the departure country are used to read the
appropriate tax condition record maintained in FI (see Setting up tax codes).

The condition records for XR1…XR6 in SD pricing procedure are ‘activated’ through the
activation of the same condition records in FI tax procedure. Therefore, the condition
type names have to coincide in both: SD pricing and FI tax procedure.

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Setting up tax codes

Here are templates for the most common types of tax code that can be set for US Sales &
Use taxes:
I1 – Sales input taxes: used mainly during Purchase Orders, Invoice Verifications and
Accounts Payable.
I0 – Sales exemption input taxes: used mainly during Purchase Orders, Invoice
Verifications and Accounts Payable for (ship-to location and/or material) exempt
transactions.
O1 – Sales output taxes: used mainly during Sales Orders, Billings and Accounts
Receivable.
O0 – Sales exemption output taxes: used mainly during Sales Orders, Billings and
Accounts Receivable for (customer and/or material) exempt transactions.
U1 – Use input taxes: used mainly during Purchase Orders, Invoice Verifications and
Accounts Payable.

Hint: The above tax code names are using SAP naming convention. Users can also create
new tax codes if necessary, i.e. for different product codes.

To create a tax code, three main steps are required:

1. Maintain tax code properties
2. Maintain tax code condition record(s)
3. Maintain tax accounts

1. Maintain tax code property

Tax code properties have to be set first during tax code creation in order to define
it as input/ output tax, sales/use tax, etc.

IMG Path: Financial Accounting>Financial Accounting Global Settings> Tax

on Sales/Purchases>Calculation>Define tax codes for sales and
purchases

Transaction: FTXP

Table: T007A

When creating a new tax code condition record, a pop-up window will display
after a country is specified. Tax code properties are maintained via this pop-up
window. These properties are stored in T007A under the key fields tax procedure
(KALSM) and tax code (MWSKZ).

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DO NOT USE TRANSACTION SM31 (UPDATE) TO MAINTAIN T007A

BECAUSE LINKS TO OTHER TABLES WILL NOT BE PROPERLY
MAINTAINED. SM31 may only be used to view table T007A.

Table T007A stores the allowable combination of tax procedure with tax code and
tax type. This table is checked when condition records for tax codes are created.
The properties define each tax code and must be maintained. These properties are
in order:

Tax code 2 position identifier and description field

Tax type V - input (A/P, MM) or A – output (A/R, SD)

Check error message indicator for calculated versus entered tax

amounts – Blank means a warning message will be
returned or setting the radio button means an error will be
returned

EC code not relevant for tax interface

Target tax code not relevant for tax interface

Relevant to tax Blank or O - External system decides if transaction is non-

taxable vs. taxable. External system’s taxability decision
engine will be used.

1 – External system assumes transaction is taxable.

Therefore, external system’s taxability decision engine will
be ignored and tax rates will be based solely on jurisdiction
codes.

2 – Call to external tax system will be bypassed during tax

calculation. SAP will impose zero rates and zero amounts.

Tax category Blank or 0 – Normal Sales Tax

1 – Consumer Use Tax (for A/P self-assessment tax)
2 – Service Tax
3 – Rental/Lease Tax

Product code Used to map to external tax system’s product code in

conjunction with product code table TTXP.

You can edit table TTXP using the view V_TTXP and
transaction SM31.

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2. Maintain tax code condition records

IMG Path: Financial Accounting>Financial Accounting Global Settings>

Tax on Sales/Purchases>Calculation>Define tax codes for sales
and purchases

Transaction: FTXP

Table: A003

Tax code condition records are stored in condition table A003. The plant’s
country (SD) or the company code’s country (MM) along with the tax code,
which was automatically determined from the SD/MM condition records, are used
to read the tax condition records stored in table A003. The tax code also be
entered and changed manually in both MM and FI.

To create the tax code condition record, enter tax percentage rates in the six fields
provided as follows:

Tax percent.
Tax Code Condition Type
Rate
I1 and I0 XP1I 100
I1 and I0 XP2I 100
I1 and I0 XP3I 100
I1 and I0 XP4I 100
I1 and I0 XP5I 100
I1 and I0 XP6I 100

Tax percent.
Tax Code Condition Type
Rate
01 and O0 XR1 100
01 and O0 XR2 100
01 and O0 XR3 100
01 and O0 XR4 100
01 and O0 XR5 100
01 and O0 XR6 100

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Tax percent.
Tax Code Condition Type
Rate
U1 XP1I 100
U1 XP2I 100
U1 XP3I 100
U1 XP4I 100
U1 XP5I 100
U1 XP6I 100
U1 XP1U 100-
U1 XP2U 100-
U1 XP3U 100-
U1 XP4U 100-
U1 XP5U 100-
U1 XP6U 100-

Important comments:

Tax codes I0 and O0 have the same settings as its correspondent tax codes I1 and
O1. The only difference is the Relevant to tax indicator set up that is part of the
tax code properties (see above section 1 – Maintain tax code property). The
Relevant to tax indicator must be set to 2 – External system is not called and tax
rates and tax amounts are force to zero. Here, R/3 determines the exemption
handling. If the external tax system is used for exemption handling, the indicator
must be blank or 0.

For tax codes that indicate use tax or self-assessment tax (i.e. U1), the condition
types XP1U…XP6U (marked with 100-) creates the credit entry to tax liability
accounts and the condition types XP1I…XP6I (marked with 100) records the
offset entry for the tax to the expense/inventory accounts.

3. Maintain tax accounts for tax codes

As mentioned in 9.3: Tax procedure also determines the G/L (tax liability)
accounts to which the tax amounts are to be posted to accounting.

In order for the tax procedure to determine the desired G/L (tax liability) accounts
per tax code, it makes uses of three interconnected concepts:
1. Accounting key
2. Process key

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3. Transaction key

Each condition type amount - calculated during the tax procedure execution – can
be posted to the desired G/L account. This is accomplished by the accounting key,
which is assigned for each relevant condition type in the tax procedure TAXUSX.
Check for each tax code the corresponding accounting key for all ‘active’
condition types using transaction FTXP.

Accounting key is equal to process key.

The process key defines through the posting indicator if a tax liability account
can be assigned for a tax code or if tax amounts are to be distributed to the
expense items.

IMG Path: Financial accounting>Financial accounting global

settings>Taxes on sales/purchases>Basic settings>Check and
change settings for tax processing

Transaction: OBCN

Table: T007B

Process keys for condition types XP1E…XP6E, XP1U…XP6U and XR1…XR6

should have the posting indicator set to ‘2’ (separate line item). Process keys for
condition types XP1I…XP6I should have the posting indicator set to ‘3’
(distribute to relevant expense/revenue items).

Only the process keys, which have the posting indicator unequal to ‘3’ is also
transaction key.

The transaction key defines the tax liability account and posting keys for line
items that are created automatically during posting to accounting.

Transaction keys (or account keys) are defined for each chart of accounts.

IMG Path: Financial accounting>Financial accounting global settings>

Tax on sales/purchases>Posting>Define tax accounts

Transaction: OB40

Table: T030K

Verify that the transaction keys (or account keys) used (like VS1…VS4 and
MW1…MW4) are defined. Then confirm that account keys (i.e. NVV with a
posting indicator of ‘3’) where the original account on the document line is to be

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charged do not exist. This allows the system to book tax expense to the same
account as the tax base.

Set up:
1. Rules (tax liability account is the same for all tax codes or it differs per tax
code)
2. GL or Cost Element account assignment (liability or expense)
3. Posting keys (i.e. 40 or 50)

4. Set dummy jurisdiction code for non-tax relevant

transactions

Good receipt and goods issue transactions are non- Sales & Use tax relevant
transactions. However, due to design reasons, tax code and jurisdiction code is
required. Therefore, it is enough to assign the exempt tax codes and a dummy
jurisdiction code that has no purpose in taxation.

IMG Path: Financial Accounting>Financial Accounting Global Settings>

Tax on Sales/Purchases>Posting>Allocate tax codes for non-
taxable transactions

Transaction: OBCL

Enter I0 (for input tax), O0 (for output tax) and a dummy jurisdiction code for the
relevant company code(s) using TAXUSX.
The system uses this dummy jurisdiction code also for export business
transactions. (If you create a billing document in a country with tax jurisdiction
code, when the goods recipient is in a different country with or without tax
jurisdiction code.) Please have a look at note 419124 where the suggested export
jurisdiction codes used by the different External Tax Interface Partners are listed.

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Setting up SD condition records

As mentioned in Pricing Procedure and Condition Techniques, section 2:

Condition records for UTXJ have to be maintained beforehand.

After you have set up the tax codes, you must now maintain SD condition records.

1. Maintain SD condition record

The parameters for maintaining UTXJ condition records depend on its access sequence.
UTXJ access sequence is UTX1 (defined in transaction V/06).

Access sequence UTX1 is delivered with 3 access numbers:

1. Access number 8 with the following access 23 (defined in condition table 78):
Departure Country / Destination Country (Export)
2. Access number 10 with the following access (defined in condition table 40):
Country/State/Customer Classif.1/Material Classification 1
3. Access number 20 with the following access (defined in condition table 2)24:
Domestic Taxes (Country/ Customer Classif.1/Material Classification 1)

It is sufficient to create condition records for the 3rd access number 20 (condition table 2)
by maintaining the following parameters:
• Plant Delivery Country
• Customer tax classification
• Material tax classification

Therefore, it is necessary to create a condition record for all Customer tax classification
and Material tax classification (see Customizing Master Data Tax Classification (SD) -
Section 2 and 3) combinations being used. These combinations must matched to the
corresponding tax code. As already mentioned in Tax Calculation in SD – Section 2: The
SD tax codes are equivalent to those set up in FI. The properties contained in the tax
code, the jurisdiction code of the ship-to address of the customer, the jurisdiction code of
the ship-from address of the plant, the taxable amount, and other fields are passed to
external tax system, which calculates the tax.

23
An access identifies the document fields used by the system to search for a condition record.
24
If access number 20 (for condition table 2) is not available for access sequence UTX1, it has to be added
using transaction V/07.

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Menu Path: Logistics>Sales and distribution>Master data>Conditions>

Prices>Taxes>Create/Change

Transaction: VK11 create / VK12 change

To maintain U.S. condition records, select the condition type UTXJ or to maintain
Canadian condition records, select CTXJ.

Example:

Delivery Customer tax Material tax Tax

Rate
country classification classification Code
US 1 (taxable) 1 (taxable) 100% O1
US 1 (taxable) 0 (non-taxable) 100% O0
US 0 (exempt) 1 (taxable) 100% O0
US 0 (exempt) 0 (non-taxable) 100% O0

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Appendix A: Update of the External Tax System Audit

File

The third-party tax system is not just responsible for the tax calculation but also for the
tax reporting. The tax data (comprised in the external tax document) is ready for
reporting when the accounting document is saved from the invoice or credit memo.
Therefore, we update the external audit file immediately when the accounting document
is saved. The technique we use for making a real-time update possible is the
Transactional RFC (tRFC).

A.1 Scenarios when taxes are posted with the accounting

document.

Currently, there are the following scenarios in the core R/3 where taxes are posted
together with the accounting document.
• SD: the billing document is released to accounting and saved.
• MM-LIV (Logistics Invoice Verification): the logistics invoice is saved and posted to
accounting.
• MM-IV (old Invoice Verification): the accounting document is created directly from
the logistics data.
• MM-ERS (Evaluated Receipt Settlement): During the ERS-run, the logistics invoice
is created automatically based on the information of the goods received and then
posted to accounting.
• FI-AP: the vendor invoice is manually posted to G/L accounts.
• FI-AR: the customer invoice is manually posted to G/L accounts.

Please note that in the U.S. no taxes are calculated or posted during the goods receipt or
goods issue.

If there are no taxes posted to a separate tax liability account for an invoice, there
will be nothing updated to the external audit file (Example: I1). Also, with free-of-
charge deliveries where no accounting document is created at all, no taxes are updated to
the external audit file.

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A.2 “Normal” update vs. “Forced“ update

When the accounting document is being created all the tax information that is to be
updated to the external system is first checked for inconsistencies. A recalculation is
performed to make sure that no invalid jurisdiction codes will be posted. If this is the
case, an error will occur and the accounting document cannot be posted. The second
purpose of the recalculation is to check if the input data for the audit file will generate the
same tax amounts as posted in the General Ledger. If the tax amounts are different, the
tax data will be “forced” to the external system. The taxes will always be forced to the
external system when the document (invoice) currency is different from the local
(company) currency. Only if there is no inconsistency in the tax amounts, a “normal”
update will take place. This should normally be the case.

In releases prior to 4.6 a forced update could lead to a summarized and incomplete
update of the tax audit file. From now on, during a forced update, also the ship-from
jurisdiction codes, product code etc. will be sent to the external system for update.

A.3 Monitoring the Transactional RFC

In order to update the external audit file immediately when saving the accounting
document the Transactional RFC is used. When the document is being updated, the
function RFC_UPDATE_TAXES_DOC is invoked in background task. In case of a
forced update, this is RFC_FORCE_TAXES_DOC.
However, the actual call to the external system only takes place if the R/3 database was
successfully updated. In case of an error during the COMMIT WORK, no call to the
external system will be performed.

It can be that the update RFC results in an error, for example, when the connection
is broken, or there is no more disk space to store the data. The status of the update
calls can be monitored with the tRFC monitor (transaction SM58) using the destination
name. Calls that were successfully updated will be automatically removed from the list.
So, no entries in the list means good news.

For reasons of performance the tRFC calls are serialized using the tRFC Queue. In
addition to SM58, the status of the last tRFC call not yet updated to the external system
can be monitored with the qRFC monitor (SMQ1). Also here: an empty queue means that
all calls were successfully updated to the external system.

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Appendix B: Display the documents sent to the external

system

There is the possibility to list in R/3 the external tax documents (the tax audit data for an
invoice) updated to the external system. The report RFYTXDISPLAY can be used for
that. For every document the following information is available:
• The status of the update and the error message if applicable.
• Whether the document was “forced” and, if so, what is the possible reason.
• The date and user who updated the document. Because of the on-line update, this is
equal to the creation date and user of the corresponding accounting document.
• The corresponding accounting document, and from there the original invoice.
• An overview of the tax data updated to the external system.

B.1 Display the status list

Report RFYTXDISPLAY can show the status for a list of documents as follows:

Status Reference Document Date and User Text

Green BKPF 1800000022 USXV1999 06.08.1999 DEBRUYNGUpdated to external
system
Green VBRK 90007687 08.04.1999 OEII Forced to external
system
Possible reason for force: The document currency and the G/L currency differ

Red BKPF 1900000067 USXV1999 26.08.1999 DEBRUYNG Error occurred in

update
Error message: doc: 1900000067; 1234 No more disk space

Yellow BKPF 1900000068 USXV1999 10.09.1999 DEBRUYNG Scheduled in tRFC

Irene Oei and Guy de Bruyn are the authors of this document
queue for update

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B.2 Display the tax data for a document

With RFYTXDISPLAY you can also display the tax data sent to the external system.
One can configure a display variant to select certain fields and filter data from a certain
document. It is possible to feed this data into a spreadsheet and do a further analysis from
there.

The tax data shown is not meant for legal reporting directly. This is the responsibility
of the external system. In addition, some data such as the Exempt Certificate may be in
the audit file of the external system but does not show up on the display-taxes screen.

The tax data for some selected fields could look like this on the spreadsheet:
Tax item Tx Jur. Material Tax date Jur.Shipto Jur.Shipfr Account Cred G/L acct LC tax amount Rate
leve number
l
000010 O1 1 Mat. 123 19990714 CA04120601 CA08131201 Cust. 1 1 175001 12.00 6.00
000010 O1 2 Mat. 123 19990714 CA04120601 CA08131201 Cust. 1 1 175002 2.50 1.25
000010 O1 3 Mat. 123 19990714 CA04120601 CA08131201 Cust. 1 1 175003 0.00 0.00
000010 O1 4 Mat. 123 19990714 CA04120601 CA08131201 Cust. 1 1 175004 0.00 0.00
000010 O1 5 Mat. 123 19990714 CA04120601 CA08131201 Cust. 1 1 175004 0.00 0.00
000010 O1 6 Mat. 123 19990714 CA04120601 CA08131201 Cust. 1 1 175004 0.00 0.00

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Appendix C: User-Exit

Due to the complexities of U.S. tax rules and regulations which seem to vary based on
everything from type of industry to business practice, a user-exit has been provided
within the tax interface programming logic. Customer user-exits are provided by SAP to
handle customer specific modifications.

A customer user-exit is essentially a function module using a unique naming convention,

in which set import and export parameters are defined to limit the data that can be
manipulated. This is to safeguard certain data from being changed. This function module
is attached to an enhancement that may contain other function modules. A user-exit
should only be used if the possibilities for customizing or application specific user-exit
exits are running out. This section explains how to set up and use the tax interface
enhancement FYTX0002. You might also want to take note 302998 into consideration.

C.1 Setting up enhancement FYTX0002.25

The SAP enhancement FYTX0002 can be viewed with transaction SMOD and consists
of the following components:

1. Function module EXIT_SAPLFYTX_USER_001

2. Include structure CI_TAX_INPUT_USER

In function module EXIT_SAPLFYTX_USER_001 one can fill or change some fields for
the external system. The include structure CI_TAX_INPUT_USER can be used to pass
additional fields from the Pricing structures to the user-exit. The following steps have to
be performed to install the user-exit:

1. With transaction CMOD: define a project, for example ZTAXDOC0, and assign the
enhancement FYTX0002 to this project.
2. With transaction SE37: display function module EXIT_SAPLFYTX_USER_001.
Double-click on ZXFYTU03 to create the program that will contain the custom
changes.
3. With transaction SE11: add to the custom structure CI_TAX_INPUT_USER
additional fields from pricing that are not yet included in the input parameters of the
function module.
4. Activate the project with transaction CMOD.

25
For customers who upgrade from a release prior to 4.6: The old user-exit of enhancement FYTX0001
(containing the COM_TAX fields) is still executed before calling the new user-exit. However, new fields
are not included. In addition, only those fields of COM_TAX in structure TAX_ALLOWED_FIELDS can
be changed. So, fields like COM_TAX-TAXBAS1 can be no longer misused.

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C.2 How to use enhancement FYTX0002

With transaction SE37 you can see that Function module

EXIT_SAPLFYTX_USER_001 has the following input parameters:

I_T007A: Tax Code information

I_TTXD: Additional information on interface version etc.
I_TAX_HEADER_INPUT: Item-independent input data for taxes
I_TAX_ITEM_INPUT: Item-dependent input data for taxes
I_INPUT_USER: Includes the fields from CI_TAX_INPUT_USER

In the alternate condition type formulas FV64A500 (SD, tax per document) and
FV64A300 (FI, MM, SD tax per item) these input parameters will be filled based on the
pricing structures KOMP, KOMK and XKOMV.

The input parameters cannot be changed. Any modification will immediately result in
a syntax error. Or, if dirty tricks are used, a run-time error will occur at the time of
execution.

Those fields of the input parameters that can be changed inside the function module are
included in the changing parameter CH_USER_CHANGED_FIELDS (of type
TAX_ALLOWED_FIELDS). Some fields in TAX_ALLOWED_FIELDS may already
have a default value assigned to it before the user-exit is being called.

The structure TAX_ALLOWED_FIELDS has the following fields that can be changed:

Field name Default value taken from Comments

GROUP_ID KOMP-UEPOS
DIVISION KOMK-GSBER
PROD_CODE T007A- PROCD Or TTXP-XPRCD if
exists
GROUP_PROD_CODE Filled in user-exit
QUANTITY KOMP-MGMLE
UNIT KOMP-VRKME
TXJCD_SF T001W-TXJCD or LFA1- Depends on MWART
TXJCD
TXJCD_POA TXJCD_SF
TXJCD_POO TXJCD_ST Can be changed to
TXJCD_SF in user-exit
FREIGHT_AM Included in AMOUNT
EXEMPT_AMT Filled in user-exit
ACCNT_NO KOMK-KUNWE or Depends on MWART
LIFNR
ACCNT_CLS Filled in user-exit
COST_OBJECT Filled in user-exit

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PTP_IND Filled in user-exit

EXCERTIF Filled in user-exit
EXREASON Filled in user-exit
USER_DATA Filled in user-exit
STORE_CODE Only sent during the
update
USER_REPT_DATA Only sent during the
update

C.3 Some examples using the User-exit

In our examples we need additional fields from KOMP and KOMK that will not come
standard with the I_TAX_HEADER_INPUT and I_TAX_ITEM_INPUT parameters of
the user-exit. Therefore, we add the following fields to CI_TAX_INPUT_USER:

VKORG as in KOMK-VKORG
KDGRP as in KOMK-KDGRP

Those fields will be filled automatically from KOMK.

The user-exit may look as follows:

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* INCLUDE ZXFYTU03 *
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

if i_t007a-mwart = 'A'. " Accounts Receivable

*----Division code (Example 1: Based on sales organization)

ch_user_changed_fields-division = i_input_user-vkorg.

*----Division code (Example 2: Based on company code)

ch_user_changed_fields-division = i_tax_header_input-comp_code.

*----Tax Exemption Reason Code (Example: taken from customer group)

if sy-subrc = 0.
ch_user_changed_fields-exreason = i_input_user-kdgrp.
" Customer group (Sales)
endif.

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*----Tax Exemption Reason Code (Example 2: taken from tax code)

ch_user_changed_fields-exreason = i_t007a-mwskz.

*----Product Code (Example 2: defined product field exists in mara)

data: matkl type mara-matkl,
xprcd type ttxp-xprcd.

select single matkl from mara into matkl

where matnr = i_tax_item_input-matnr.
if sy-subrc = 0.
select single xprcd from ttxp into xprcd
where xextn = i_tax_header_input-xextn
and procd = matkl. " Material Group
if sy-subrc = 0.
ch_user_changed_fields-prod_code = xprcd.
endif.
endif.

endif.

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Appendix D: Handling the Freight

The freight amount is included in the tax base amount. But in some jurisdictions the
freight amount has a separate taxability. Therefore, the freight amount needs to be
mentioned separately. There are two ways to do that:

D.1 Freight included on the line item

The freight is passed to the external system by populating the field FREIGHT. The
freight amount is always included in the base amount.

An example to fill the freight using the user-exit:

1. In the customer pricing procedure (for example RVADUS) enter ‘4’ in the subtotal
field of the freight condition type (for example HD00).
2. In the customer structure CI_TAX_INPUT_USER, add the field KZWI4 as in
KOMP-KZWI4.
3. In the user-exit, add the code CH_USER_CHANGED_FIELDS-FREIGHT_AM =
I_INPUT_USER-KZWI4.

Please note that if the document currency differs from the company code currency the
freight amount will not be mentioned separately in the update of the external system.
Only the amount field (already includes the freight amount) and the tax amounts will be
converted. You can prevent this by keeping customizable message FS 885 as an Error
Message (Table T100C).

D.2 Freight on a separate line item

A separate line item with a “freight material” is added to the document that contains the
freight amount. The product code can be used (e.g., via the tax code) to indicate that this
item represents the freight amount.

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Appendix E: Group Product Code for tax per document

In some states there is a maximum tax per invoice or per a set of components. In order to
send information about the group material when pricing is configured on the component
level the field GROUP_PROD_CODE can be used.

data: matkl type mara-matkl,

xprcd type ttxp-xprcd.
select single matkl from mara into matkl
where matnr = i_tax_item_input-upmat.
if sy-subrc = 0.
select single xprcd from ttxp into xprcd
where xextn = 'V'
and procd = matkl. " Material Group
if sy-subrc = 0.
ch_user_changed_fields-group_prod_code = xprcd.
endif.
endif.

Note that by default the field GROUP_ID already indicates that this item is a component
of a set. All components of the same set will already have the same group_id and is
defaulted with the higher-level item number.

Also note that the field i_tax_item_input-upmat contains the higher-level item material
number.

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Appendix F: MM condition record maintenance

A tax condition record can also be created within the MM module. This is not required,
but is necessary to automatically determine the tax code.

F.1 Condition type maintenance

The MM tax condition record is based on the condition type NAVS and access
sequence 0003.

IMG Path: Materials Management>Purchasing>Conditions>

Define Price Determination Process>Define condition types

Transaction: M/06

Select condition type NAVS and assign access sequence 0003 to it. This step is
only necessary to automatically determine the tax code. Tax codes can be entered
or changed manually in MM processing.

F.2 Condition record maintenance

Menu Path: Logistics>Materials management>Purchasing>

Master data>Taxes>Create/Change

Transaction: MEK1 create/ MEK2 change

Select the condition type NAVS and choose the desired Key Combination. The
material classification indicators based on Import and Region is hard coded.

IMPORT (TAXIL): 0 – Domestic purchase

1 – Intercompany purchase
2 – EC intercompany purchase

REGION (TAXIR): 0 – Intrastate purchase

1 – Interstate purchase

Input the appropriate indicator(s), depending on the Key Combination chosen

and associate them with the corresponding tax code created in FI.

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Appendix G: General Ledger Tax Accounts maintenance

If a General Ledger account is set up to be tax relevant, then tax amounts must be present
in a financial transaction in order to create a financial document. To make a revenue
account tax relevant, fill the tax category field in the G/L account master record with an
output tax indicator. When posting a customer invoice to FI, the system will determine if
tax line items are in the invoice. If no tax line items exist, a financial document cannot be
created. Output tax indicators are used for accounts receivable (FI) and sales (SD) and
input tax indicators are used for accounts payable (FI) and purchases (MM).

Menu Path: Accounting>Financial accounting>General ledger>Master

records>Create or Change or Display

Transaction: FS01 or FS02 or FS03

For the accounts in the prior step (T030K) review the account definition and Tax
Category field in the account master records that will be used for tax liabilities. The
Input or Output determination is very important. Then consider the asset accounts for
nontaxable purchases of inventory. Also consider the set of accounts and primary cost
elements that correspond to the NVV account key; the Tax Category should be Input or
nothing. Review the revenue accounts used in SD.

The sales and use tax procedure for MM/FI allows the charge (debit) for taxes to post to a
separate account. This is typically titled ‘sales tax expense clearing’. As delivered, the
G/L accounts corresponding to ‘expense to separate accounts’ (XP1E…XP6E) are
clearing accounts. Most users will not utilize this posting, instead, choosing to record
taxes in the same account as the charge; using the account key with rules like NVV.
Liability accounts for A/P sales and use tax liability and A/R sales tax liability
(XP1U…XP6U and XR1…XR6) need to be defined. The G/L accounts corresponding to
the account keys need to be setup appropriately.

Following is an example of the Tax Category configuration in the template chart of

accounts CANA:

Trade Payables - Domestic 211000 * (All tax types allowed)

Trade Receivables – Domestic 121000 * (All tax types allowed)
Sales Revenue - Domestic 410000 + (Only output tax allowed)
Consumption – Misc. Inventory 510060 - (Only input tax allowed)
Sales Tax A/R - State 216100 > (Output Tax)
Sales Tax A/R - County 216110 > (Output Tax)
Use Tax A/P - State 216200 < (Input Tax)

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Appendix H: Calculate Taxes on Net Amount from Cash

Discount

For the US Sales & Use tax, the rules for determining the tax base amount - net or gross
from cash discount – depends on the respective State laws.
In R/3, base amount determination is controlled based on the Company Code or Ship-to
‘State jurisdiction code’. However, for those State jurisdiction codes for which the
settings were specified, the company code settings do not have any effect.

H.1 Based on Company Code

IMG Path: Financial accounting>Financial accounting global settings>Tax

on sales/ purchases>Calculation>Specify base amount

Transaction: OB69

Choose the appropriate company code and activate.

H.2 Based on State jurisdiction code

IMG Path: Financial accounting>Financial accounting global settings>Tax

on sales/purchases>Basic settings>Define tax jurisdictions

Procedure: TAXUSX

Transaction: OBCP

Within the ‘Define tax jurisdiction transaction’, it is necessary to maintain the

highest-level jurisdiction code, which represents the state. Taxes on net base
amount TxN and discount on net amount DiN are set with this transaction.

It is important to realize that R/3 does not allow posting of a document if

jurisdiction settings are different per line item. For example, a line item
containing a New Jersey jurisdiction which has a calculation setting based on
gross amount and a line item containing an Illinois jurisdiction which has a
calculation setting based on net amount cannot exist in the same document.
All line items must be set to calculate taxes using the same base, net or gross.
This rule applies to calculating discounts, as well.

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Appendix I: Calculate Discount on Net Base Amount

To calculate discounts without considering tax, utilize:

IMG Path: Financial accounting>Financial accounting global settings>Tax

on sales/ purchases>Calculation>Specify base amount

Transaction: OB70

Set the cash discount base amount to net value excluding taxes based on company
code. This functionality will only work in conjunction with setting the tax
jurisdiction to calculate taxes on net base amount as well.

IMG Path: Financial accounting>Financial accounting global settings>Tax

on sales/purchases>Basic settings>Define tax jurisdictions

Procedure: TAXUSX

Transaction: OBCP

Within the ‘Define tax jurisdiction transaction’, it is necessary to maintain the

highest-level jurisdiction code, which represents the state. Taxes on net base
amount TxN and discount on net amount DiN are set with this transaction. This
works only after transaction OB69 has been performed for the company code.

It is important to realize that R/3 does not allow posting of a document if

jurisdiction settings are different per line item. For example, a line item
containing a New Jersey jurisdiction which has a calculation setting based on
gross amount and a line item containing an Illinois jurisdiction which has a
calculation setting based on net amount cannot exist in the same document.
All line items must be set to calculate taxes using the same base, net or gross.
This rule applies to calculating discounts, as well.

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Appendix J: Tax Only Adjustments

Tax only debits and credits are generally accumulated over time and may not correspond
to a single invoice. This standard R/3 functionality is not specific to the tax interface.

J.1 A/R Customer Invoice

In a typical customer invoice the customer account is debited the total sales
amount including tax. The revenue account is credited with the revenue amount
and tax liability accounts are credited with the tax. If this was supposed to be a
tax-exempt transaction, taxes must now be adjusted. A customer credit would
have to be created to adjust the tax amounts, which were billed to the customer.
The total tax amount would be credited to the customer account using posting key
11 and the individual tax amounts would be debited to the various tax liability
accounts using posting key 40. Since taxes are determined automatically, a tax
base amount must be provided to calculate the tax. The taxable amount with a tax
code of O1 would be entered as a debit (posting key 40) to the revenue account so
that the tax amounts can be calculated and debited to the appropriate tax accounts.
This will cause an out-of-balance condition, which is corrected by re-entering the
taxable amount with a tax code of O0 as a credit (posting key 50), to the revenue
account. This procedure adjusts the taxes.

J.2 A/P Vendor Invoice

If a vendor charges sales tax, the amount credited to the vendor account is the
taxable amount and the tax with posting key 31 and the taxable amount including
the tax is debited to the cost account using posting key 40 with a tax code of I1. If
the vendor should not have collected tax, then the tax amount must be debited to
the vendor account using posting key 21 and the cost account must be credited
with the tax amount using posting key I0. Since taxes are calculated
automatically, a credit amount equal to the tax base must be posted to the cost
account (posting key 50) using a tax code of I1. To offset this credit, an amount
equal to the tax base amount would be debited to the cost account (posting key
40) using a tax exempt code of I0.

Example Posting: Manual tax adjustment:

Item Posting Key Account Tax Code Amount

1 21 VENDOR ** 8,25
2 50 400000 I1 108,25-
3 40 400000 I0 100,00

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Detailed Steps:
1) Enter the overcharged tax amount USD 8.25 in the amount field
(WRBTR) and in the tax amount field (WMWST). Turn OFF "Calculate
tax"!
2) Enter tax base amount 100 in regular amount field, tax code I1 (taxable
sales tax).
3) DR expense account with tax base amount USD 100, tax code I0, to offset
entry.
4) When transaction is posted, the amount for line item 2 changes to 108.25.

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