Indian Ethos and Values
Indian Ethos and Values
Indian Ethos and Values
ETHICS
ETHICS IS A DISCIPLINE THAT EXAMINE
ONES MORALITY OR THE MORAL STANDARD OF THE SOCIETY. ETHICS MEANS EXCEPTED STANDARD IN TERMS OF YOUR PERSONAL AND SOCIAL WELFARE . ETHICS INCLUDE MORALITY, HONESTY, ENTRICITY, RESPONSILBLITY ETC. ETHICS ATTEMPT TO DISTINGUISH B/W RIGHT FROM WRONG, GOOD FROM BAD AND DESIDES A DESIRABLE CONDUCT FROM A PARTICULAR SET OF SOCIAL CIRCUMSTANCE.
VIEW OF ETHICS
UTILITARIAN VIEW OF ETHICS RIGHT VIEW ON ETHICS THEORY OF JUSTICE- VIA- ETHICS INTROGATIVE SOCIAL CONTRAST THEORY
UTILITIATARIA N
UNDER THIS VIEW ETHICAL DECISION
ARE MADE SOLELY ON THE BASIS OF OUTCOMES OR CONCISENEOUS. IT CONSIDERS HOW TO PROVIDE GREATEST GOODS FOR THE GREATEST NO: OF UTILITARIAN. IT ENCOURAGE EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY AND INCONSISTENCE WITH THE GOAL OF PROFIT MAXIMATION.
VIEW ON ETHICS
RESPONSILBLITY AND PROTECTING
INDIVISUAL PRIVELEGES SUCH AS: RIGHT TO PRIVACY FREEDOM OF CONSICENESS FREE SPEECH LIFE AND SAFETY.
THEORY OF JUSTICE
MANAGER ARE IMPOSE AND
ENFORCE RULE FAIRLY AND IMPARTIALLY AND DO SO BY FOLLOWING ALL LEGALS RULES AND REGULATION.
BASED ON EMPLINICAL NORMATIVE FUNCTION . MANAGER NEED TO LOOK AT EXISTING ETHICAL NORMS IN INDUSTRY AND COMPANIES IN ORDER TO DETERMINE WHAT CONSITUTE RIGHT AND WRONG DECISION AND ACTION.
PLANNING
RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION HUMAN RESOUCES AND DEVELOPMENT
DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY
ALTHOUGH DELGATOIN OF
AUTHORITY IS A SIGNIFICANCE FUNCTION OF MGMT BUT IT IS NEARLY AN INFORMAL ACTIVITIES. EXCESSIVE CENTRALIZATION IS PRESENT IN IT. SUBORDINATE ARE ALWAYS OR IN MOST OF THE CASE UNWILLING TO ACCEPT RESPONSILBLITY DUE TO SUCH CONDISTION DECISION ARE ALWAYS CENTRALISED.
TRADE UNION
IN INDIAN CORPORATE SECTOR
TRADE UNION ARE ALWAYS DEALT AS AN ENEMY OF EMPLOYERS. THE TRADE UNION ON THEIR PARTS ARE ALWAYS PRESSURING THE EMPLOYEES FOR THE BENEFITS OF THEIR MEMBER. TRADE UNION ARE NOW JUST AS FORMALITY AND TO ENJOY POLITICAL INFLUENCES.
TRANSFER POLICY
IN INDIAN PUBLIC SECTOR, THERE
ARE RARE TRANSFER POLICIES SUCH POLICIES EXIST ONLY ON PAPERS, TRANSFER ARE BASICALLY DONE ON THE BASIS OF PUNISHMENT, FOVORITISM AND RECOMMENDATION . IN PRIVATE SECTOR SOME TRANSFER POLICY STILL EXIST BUT THATS TO FOR TOP LEVEL EMPLOYEES.
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
IT MEANS EVALUATION OF
PERFORMANCE OF AN EMPLOYEE.
IN INDIAN MGMT MODEL THERE
CUSTOMER GRIEVENCE
IN PRACTICAL SITUATION SUCH SYSTEM
SELDOM(RAIRELY) USED AND GRIEVANCE ARE DEALT MOSTLY ON THE BASIS OF MUTUAL SETTLEMENT.
COMPETITVE ATMOSPHERE COMPANIES HAVE STARTED GIVING FIRST PREFERENCE TO CUSTOMER GRIEVENCE.
PLANNING
INDIA HAS A WELL ESTABLISHED PLANNING
COMMISION UNDER PRIME MINISTER WHICH FORMULATE FIVE YEAR PLAN. IN PRIVATE CORPORATE SECTOR, A SPECIALLY A MEDIUM AND SMALL SCALE FARMS ONLY SHORT RANGED PLANNING IS IN EXISTENCE. INDIA HAS HARLDY BEEN ABLE TO ACHIEVED ANY FIVE YEAR PLAN OBJECTIVE IN A SUCESSFUL MANNER DUE TO LACK OF PROPER IMPLEMENTATION OF PROGRAMS. PROFIT MAXIMIZATION IS THE SOLE CONSIDERATION OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION NEGLECTING OTHER
RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION IS DONE ON THE BASIS OF RECOMMENDATION REFERENCE OF PRESENT EMPLOYEES ARE GIVING THE PRIORITY PROVIDING LESS IMPORTANCE TO THE PERFORMANCE OF THE DESIRED CANDICATE.
MOTIVATION AND LEADERSHIP EXIST IN REALITY . DECISION ON PROMOTION AND TENURE OF SERVICE ARE BASED ON RECOMMENDATION AND REFERENCE RATHER THAN PERFORMANCE AN AMBIGOUS HUMAN RESOURCES POLICY IS A MAIN CAUSE OF EMPLOYED DISSATISFACTION
NEED OF TRAINNING AND DEVELOPMENT . EXPENCES ALLOCATION FOR TRAINNING IS VERY LESS. NO PROPER ATMOSPHERE TO LEARN AND UNDERSTOOD THE IMPORTANCE OF THE CONCEPT OF TRAINING ON DEVELOPMENT.
EMPLOYER ARE NOT VERY CORDIAL (UNDERSTANDING) AND COMFORTABLE. EMPLOYER ARE AT LOWER LEVEL ARE GIVEN VERY LOWER AUTONOMY (POWER AUTHORITY) . THEY HARLDY PARTICIPATE IN ANY MGMT FUNCTION, EMPLOYEES ARE THREATED JUST AS COMMODITY OR COST CENTERS.
WORK ETHOS
WORK ETHOS
WORK ETHOS CAN BE
DEFINED AS THE PRINCIPLES, VALUES, NORMS, REQUIRED TO BE FOLLOWED WHEN AN INDIVISUAL IS AT WORK
CONTENT
DISCIPLINE COMMITMENT AND ACCOUNTABLITY LOYALITY RESPONSILBLITY WORK CULTURE
DISCIPLINE
IT IS MAINLY CONFINED TO
COMING AT WORK ON TIME, BEHAVING WITH RESPECT AND DIGNITY TO SUBORDINATES, COLLEAQUE AND SUPERIORS, STAFFING PROPERLY AT WORK DURING WORKING HRS, NOT WASTING WORK TIME.
EFFORTS TO ACCOMPLISHMENT THE WORK IN THE TIME AND ALSO IN A SATISFYING MANNER.
LOYALITY
WORK ETHICS IS ALSO DEALTS
WITH LOYALITY TOWARDS THE ORGANIZATION, BY NOT TALKING NEGATIVELY ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION, BY PROTECTING THE INTREST OF THE ORGANIZATION.
RESPONSILBLIT Y
PEOPLE IN THE ORGANIZATION
HAVE DIFFERENT ATTITUDE TOWARD AT THEIR WORK. THIS CAN BE NOTICES THOURGH JOB DESCRIPTION, PERFORMANCE, EVALVATION CARREER DEVELOPMENT, FORMAL TRAINNING ETC.
WORK CULTURE
INDIA HAS CONSIDERED HAS STRONG
WORK CULTURE WHICH INCLUDES PUNCTUALLITY, PROPER DRESS CODE, PROPER BEHAVIOUR AND RESPECT TOWARDS YOUR SUPERIOR, PEERS AND SUBORDINATES , STRICTLY FOLLOWING THE RULES AND REGULATION OF THE ORGANIZATION. A GOOD WORK CULTURE CAN ALSO BE INTRODUCE THROUGH EFFECTIVE INDUCTION PROGRAM.
TOWARD HIS SOCIAL EXISTENCE SHIFTED TOWARD DUTIES OBLIGATION AND SACRIFICE.
HE BELIEVED IN SIMPLE LIVING AND HIGH
THINKING.
ASSENT OF CIVILIZATION LIES NOT IN MULTIPLICATION OF QUANT BUT IN THE PURIFICATION OF HUMAN CHARACTER.
PRODUCTION FROM LOCAL RESOURCES FOR LOCAL NEEDS IS THE MOST RATIONAL WAYS OF ECONOMIC LIFE. DEPENDENCE OF IMPORT AND CONSEQUENT NEEDS TO PRODUCE FOR EXPORT IS HIGHLY UNECONOMIC. NOW DAYS A BULK OF NON RENEWABLE RESOURCES LIKE COAL AND OIL ARE BEING WASTEFULLY USED IN PRODUCTION OF GOOD AND SERVICES THAT ARE NOT REALLY USEFUL TO MAN. IN THE BUDDHIST ECONOMIC PLANNING NON RENEWABLE AND SCARES RESOURCES WOULD BE CONSERVED BECAUSE THE PRIORITIES IN PRODUCTION WOULD BE DETERMINED ACCORDING TO THE MAN BASIC NEED OF FOOD, CLOTHING AND HOUSING. RATHER THAN PRODUCING ARMS, DRUGS, ALCOHOL AND HARMFUL CHEMICALS. PRODUCTION FOR BASIC REQUIREMENT SHOULD BE
CONSIDER THIS APPROACH TOTALLY IRRATIONAL; SINCE CONSUMPTION IS MAINLY THE MEANS TO HUMAN WELL BEING.
RATHER THE AIM SHOULD BE TO OBTAIN THE
THE CRITERIA HOW QUICKLY A COUNTRY IS ABLE TO INCREASE ITS PER CAPITA INCOME. THE BUDDHIST ECONOMIC SYSTEM OR INDIAN HERITAGE SYSTEM NOT PAY MUCH ATTENTION OF PER CAPITA INCOME BECAUSE ITS ONLY A STATICS FIGURE. IN INDIAN HERITAGE ONLY GOOD VALUE CAN INCREASE A MANS MATERIAL AND SPIRITUAL WELL BEING. IT WOULD EXCLUDE HARMFUL DRUGS, ALCOHOLICALLY LIQUORS, NARCOTICS, WEAPONS, SLAUGHTER OF ANIMALS, CHEMICAL THAT ARE DANGEROUS TO MAN AND WHICH WOULD ULTIMATELY RESULT IN MORAL AND MATERIAL DEGRADATION
USE OF RESOURCES
ANOTHER OF MODEL DEVELOPMENT
PLANNING IS TO FULL USE OF THE PRODUCTIVE RESOURCES OF A COMPANY. BUDDHISM ADVOCATES ECONOMIC USE OF RESOURCES IN THE INTEREST OF MAN. AVOIDING INDISCRIMINATE AND IRRESPONSIBLE USE OF RESOURCES. AN INDIAN WOULD USE RESOURCES RATIONALLY WHILE PROMOTING THEIR CONSERVATION. BY REPLICATING FOREST RESOURCES MAN DESTROY AT ONE STROKE, WHAT NATURE HAS TAKEN THOUSAND OF YEARS TO BUILD.
EMPLOYMENT
THE PROVISION OF FULL EMPLOYMENT IS AN
IMPORTANT OBJECTIVE IN ALL DEVELOPMENT PLANTS BUT BUDDHIST ECONOMIST PAYS MUCH GREATER ATTENTION TO THIS BECAUSE ACHIEVEMENT OF OTHER OBJECTIVE DEPENDS UPON IT. BUDDHA SAID POVERTY SHOULD BE ELIMINATED AND A COUNTRY SHOULD PROSPER BY PROVIDING EMPLOYMENT TO EVERY ONE SINCE EMPLOYMENT IS THE SOURCE OF INCOME FOR EVERY INDIVIDUAL FOR THEIR SURVIVAL BUDDHIST BELIEF ONE WAY TO PROVIDING MORE EMPLOYMENT IS TO USE MORE MAN THEN MACHINES IN PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY SHOULD NOT BE ALLOWED TO DOMINATE MAN .
ONE FOURTH OF WHAT THEY EARN . IF A NATION COULD LIMIT CONSUMPTION TO THREE FOURTH OF THE NATIONAL PRODUCT IT WOULD BE SAVING ONE FOURTH WHICH COULD BE INVESTED FOR DEVELOPING THE ECONOMY. THIS IMPLIES THAT AT LEAST ONE FOURTH OF THE TOTAL PRODUCTION OF THE COMMUNITY WOULD BE SET ASIDE FOR THE FUTURE.
IMPROVEMENT , FOR INDIVISUAL, GROUP OF WORKERS AND ALL THE WHOLE ORGANIZATION TOWARDS QUALITY.
TQM IS A PARTICIPATIVE PROCESS BECAUSE
EVERY EMPLOYEE IN THE ORGANIZATION IS INVOLVED AND EXPECTED TO TAKE RESPONSILBLITY FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY EVERY MOVEMENT.
YOU CAN ONLY IMPROVE THAT WHICH YOU
CAN MEASURE BUDDHA HAS SAID BE BECOME WHAT WE THINK WHICH IMPLIES WHAT IT IS THOUGHT ABOUT A BUSINESS AND WE CAN IMPROVE.
BE CUSTOMER ORIENTED
TEAM EMPOWERMENT
CONTINIOUS IMPROVEMENT
ORIENTED
CUSTOMER ORIENTED
BUSINESS CONSIDERED CUSTOMER AS
THEIR KING .
TEAM EMPOWERMENT
THE MORE PEOPLE FEEL INVOLVED
THEMSELVES IN GROUP OR IN A TEAM, THE GREATER WILL BE THEIR COMMITMENT TO THE ORGANIZATION, ITS GOODWILL , CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND QUALTIY
CONTINIOUS IMPROVEMENT
IT RECOGNIZE THAT HOW MUCH MAY HAVE
IMPROVE, SINCE THERE ARE NO LIMITATION IN THE EXCEPTATION OF CUSTOMER OF QUALITY. THEREFORE CONTINIOUS IMPROVEMENT MUST BE ESTABLISH WITH THE EVERCHANGING AFFAIRS IN THE BUSINESS.
BETTER WAY OF DOING THINGS. HENCE TQM IS ONGOING PROCESS. THE INDIAN INSIGHT INTO TQM INDICATES THAT MIND IS THE MASTER OF TOTAL EXCELLENCE OF PERFORMANCE IN ANY FIELD OF ACTIVITY. MIND IS A ENERGY SOURCE OF ALL THE PEOPLE IN THE ORGANIZATION TO REALIZE MISSION. MANPOWER GOVERN THE QUALITY OF COLLECTIVE MINDS. TOTAL QUALITY OF MIND DETERMINES THE QUALITY OF THOUGHT, PERCEPTION ,IDEOLOGY, ATTITUDES AND ACTION THAT CONTROL TOTAL QUALITY OF PRODUCT AND SERVICES PROVIDED BY ANY ORGANIZATION.
SATVA
RAJSIC
TAMSIC
DOMINANCE OF SATVA AND RAJSIC QUALITIES GIVES RISE TO POSITIVE RE-INFORCEMENT WHICH LEADS TO EXCELLINCE AND SELF IMPROVEMENT
WHEREAS
DOMINANCE OF RAJSIC AND TAMSIC CREATE NEGATIVE SKILLS
IF WE GO INTO DETAILS OF TQM WE WILL FIND THAT IT IS NOT ONLY A SIMPLE CONCEPT BUT THERE ARE SIX FACTORS OF QUALITY IN A PERSON
PRINCIPLE OF TQM
TQM REQUIRES TOTAL QUALITY MIND OF A
QUALITY PERSON IN CORE ENTIRE SYSTEM DIVINE PRINCIPLE OF WORK IS WORKSHIP LEAST TO PERFECTION AND COMPLETION. KNOWLEDGE REST IS DEVINE POWER. THE BEST ART TO DO A WORK WITH PERFECTION IS TO COME FIRST SELFLESSELY TOWARD WORKS, ONLY THEN IT TURN TO BE WORKSHEET. THEN THE TOTAL QUALITY OF WORK WILL BE IN SUPREME POSITION AND IN A WINNING SITUATION, WHERE SUCCESS IS ASSURED.
OBJECTIVE OF TQM
OBJECTIVE OF TQM
IT WILL ENRICH THE TOTAL QUALITY OF
WORK, PRODUCT AND SERVICES, PERSON ALSO THE EMPLOYEE WILL BECOME SELF DEPENDENT AND SELF MANAGES THE EMPLOYEE AS A PERSON WILL BECOME QUALITY CONSIOUS THE EMPLOYEES WILL BECOME SELF DISCIPLINE ANOTHER HIDDEN OBJECTIVE IS THAT IF WE WORK WITH LOVE AND DEVOTION , THE GLOW OF BLISSFULLNES WILL BE PROVIDED
STRES S
PROBLEMS RELATED TO STRESS IN CORPORATE MANAGEMENT IN INDIAN PERSPECTIVE
DEFINATION OF STRESS
WHEN A PERSON IS NOT ABLE TO COPE
WITH THE ENVIRONMENT AND SURROUNDING AND CANNOT MAINTAIN PROPER BALANCE.
PERSON FROM THE ENVIRONMENT ARE MORE AND HIS OUTPUT IS LESS BECAUSE OF HIS FAILURE THEN PERSON IS UNDER STRESS.
EFFECT OF STRESS
BOTH POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EFFECT ARE
FOUND DUE TO STRESS. THERE SHOULD BE LITTLE STRESS IN ORDER TO COMPLETE THE WORK ON TIME EFFECTIVELY AND EFFECIENTLY TOTAL ABSENCE OF STRESS MAY LEAD TO ABNORMALITY AND LOSS. THUS STRESS CANNOT BE ESCAPED BUT IT SHOULD BE MANAGED.
SITUATIONAL FACTOR
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR
CAUSES OF STRESS
HIGH EXPECTION EXCESSIVE COMPETION INSTABLITY AND INSECURITY OVER BURDEN OF WORK UNHEALTHY PERSONAL RELATIONSHIP WITH COWORKER OR SUPPLIERS MISBEHAVIOR FROM MANAGEMENT OR COLLEAGUES FAMILY PROBLEMS CONFLICT UNHEALTHY WORKING CONDISITION AND UNHEALTHY ENVIRONMENT EXCESSIVE WORKING HOURS DESIRE FOR STATUS OR SELF-ESTEEM
EFFECT OF STRESS
PSYCHOLOGICAL REACTION
ANXIETY
DEPRESSION
DECREASING IN SATISFACTION FRUSTATION
TENSION
IMPATIENCE UNPLESENT FEELING AND INABILITY TO
RELAX ETC
PHYSICAL REACTION
UNDER FATIGUE
HEADACHE
UNEASINESS HYPERTENSION OR HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE HEART PROBLEMS ASTHAM ETC
BEHAVIORAL REACTION
IN COOPERATIVE
QUARRELSOME
AGGRESSIVE INEFFICIENT LOW QUALITY OF PERFORMANCE LACK OF CONCENTRATION AND IRREGULAR
ETC
STRESS
S T R E S S
STRENGTH
TRAFFIC CONTROL
RE-DESIGN
ERASE
SHARING
SURRENDER TO LORD
STRENGTH
SPRITUAL. PROPER DIET,EXERCISE AND PRANAYAMA TECHNIQUES HELP TO REDUCE STRESS AT PHYSICALLY . THROUGH SATSANG AND APPROPIATE LEARNING GAINED THEREIN , THE MIND CAN BE STRENGHTENED. LOVE, COMPASSION AND FRNDSHIP ARE VALUABE STRENGTH. RABINDRANATH TAGORE , IN A POEM, PRAYS TO LORD NOT TO REMOVE ALL OBSTACLES, BUT INSTEAD, HE ASK FOR STRENGHT TO BEAR THEM BEFORE START OF MAHABARTA WAR ARJUN WAS SEIZED WITH EMOTIONAL WEAKNESS AND HE REFUSED TO FIGHT THE WAR. LORD KRISNA
TRAFFIC CONTROL
THOUGHT . EAT WHILE EATING WORK WHILE WORKING LEAVE THE HOME AND OFFICE IN THE OFFICE WORRYING ONLY REDUCE EFFICIENCY AND THEN EVEN SIMPLE TASKS CANNOT BE COMPLETED CORRECTLY AND IN TIME
RE-DESIGN
THROUGH OUR OWN PHILOSOPHY A RE-ADJUSTMENT OR REORIENTATION IN THIS PHILOSPHY INCREASE OUR CAPACITY TO BEAR HEAVIER LOADS
E
EGO
ERASE
ANGER
FEAR JEALOUSLY ALL THESE ARE NEGATIVE EMOTIONS THAT
S
KNOWLEDGE
WORKLOAD
SHARING
SURRENDER TO LORD
WORRIES AND BECOME AN INSTRUMENT ADOPTING AN ATTITUDE OF SERVICE THIS ATTITUDE WILL ENSURE EFFICIENCY , SUCESS AND FREEDOM FROM STRESS.
PAINTING, READING, PHYSICAL EXERCISE ETC INVOLVES ONE SELF IN GROUP ACTIVITIES MEDITATION, SPRITUALITY OR YOGA BECOMING GOOD AND PATIENT LISTNER THAN A BIG TALK POSITIVE THINKING/OPTIMISTIC APPROACH BY DOING JOB OF SATISFACTION CHOOSING SUITABLE COMPANY AVOIDING OVERBURDEN OF WORK AND UNFAVOURABLE CONDISITION MAKING CORDIAL RELATION WITH SURROUNDING PEOPLE AVOIDING LIES , GIMMAKES AND UNCERTAINITY.