This Day in History – July 19
Today is the 200th day of 2022. There are 165 days left in the year
TODAY’S HIGHLIGHT
1980: Summer Olympics in Moscow begin, minus dozens of nations boycotting the Games because of the Soviet military intervention in Afghanistan.
OTHER EVENTS
1324 Mansa Musa, ruler of the Mali Empire, arrives in Cairo on his way to Mecca with a procession of 600,000 men, 12,000 slaves and 80 camels carrying 136 kg (300 pounds) of gold each.
1588: The Spanish Armada is sighted off the Cornish coast of England.
1595: Astronomer Johannes Kepler has an epiphany and develops his theory of the geometrical basis of the universe while teaching in Graz
1610: Vasily Shuysky, czar of Russia, is deposed after the Swedish army is defeated by Polish invaders.
1843: The steamship SS Great Britain is launched, designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel, and is the first ocean-going craft with an iron hull or screw propeller and the largest vessel afloat in the world.
1848: The first women’s rights convention is held in Seneca Falls, New York, organised by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott and where Stanton declares that, “Man cannot fulfill his destiny alone.”
1864: Nanking, the capital of the Taiping rebellion in China, falls to Government troops who proceed to slaughter 100,000 people.
1870: France declares war on Prussia, setting off the Franco-Prussian War.
1903: First Tour de France; French rider Maurice Garin wins inaugural event.
1907: Under Japan’s pressure, emperor of Korea abdicates in favour of his son.
1913: Billboard publishes earliest known Last Week’s 10 Best Sellers Among Popular Songs.
1918: German armies begin retreat across Marne River after being defeated in their last great offensive in France.
1939: American physician Roy P Scholz of St Louis, Missouri, becomes first surgeon to use fibreglass sutures.
1941: Tom and Jerry first appear under their own names in cartoon The Midnight Snack by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera. British PM Winston Churchill launches his “V for Victory” campaign.
1943: Allied air force stages first raid on Rome in World War II.
1956: United States and Britain inform Egypt they cannot participate in financing Aswan Dam project.
1960: Soviet Union protests to United States over plan to equip West Germany with Polaris missile.
1966: Frank Sinatra, 50, marries 20-year-old actress Mia Farrow.
1969: Apollo 11 and its astronauts, Neil Armstrong, Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin and Michael Collins, travel into orbit around the moon.
1975: US and Soviet astronauts and cosmonauts end their two-day link-up in space.
1979: Nicaragua’s leftist Sandinistas claim revolutionary victory, two days after President Anastasio Somoza flees the country.
1984: Geraldine Ferraro becomes first American woman to run for vice-president.
1990: Kuwait appeals to Arab neighbours for help against threats from neighboring Iraq.
1991: Kurds protesting Iraqi rule fight government soldiers in first major clashes since withdrawal of allied forces.
1992: A car bomb kills Paolo Borsellino, Sicily’s top Mafia prosecutor.
1993: Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif resigns and dissolves Parliament under pressure from foes who accuse his Government of corruption and electoral fraud. The United States and North Korea reach an interim agreement to ease confrontation over North Korea’s refusal to permit inspection of suspected nuclear sites.
1995: US Congress votes to block billions of dollars in further loans to bail out the ailing Mexican economy, despite the urging of President Bill Clinton.
1999: In southern Mexico, 20 Government supporters are sentenced to 35 years each for a massacre of rebel sympathisers; 21 women, 15 children and nine men were gunned down in December 1997 in Acteal, Chiapas.
2000: An international measure is adopted to block rebel groups from trading “conflict diamonds” to fund Africa’s most vicious civil wars.
2001: Michael Brunet discovers the skull of Sahelanthropus tchadensis in the Djurab Desert, Chad. His discovery is one of the oldest known species in the human family tree at 6-7 million years ago years old.
2002: An inquiry into the murders committed by British doctor Harold Shipman concludes that he killed 215 of his patients, mainly elderly women, between 1975 and 1998. He was convicted in 2000 for the murder of 15 of his patients.
2003: An Egyptian appeals court acquits 11 men of debauchery for allegedly engaging in homosexual activity. President Hosni Mubarak had ordered a retrial in May 2002 after their initial sentences in November 2001 had sparked international condemnation.
2004: Less than a month after regaining sovereignty from the US occupation authority, Iraq announces the appointment of 43 new ambassadors in its first move to re-engage with the world.
2005: Insurgents set off a bomb near a police minibus in warring Chechnya, killing 14 people including two children, and wounding more than 20 others.
2006: A cruise liner carrying more than 1,000 Americans sails out of Beirut’s port in the first mass US evacuation from Lebanon since Israeli air strikes started more than a week prior.
2007: Twenty-three South Korean Christian aid workers are taken hostage while on a bus to Kandahar, Afghanistan. Two are shot, two women are freed, and the Taliban agree to free the remaining 19 if South Korea ends missionary work in Afghanistan and withdraws troops.
2008: Pope Benedict XVI apologises for the sexual abuse of children by Australia’s Roman Catholic clergy at a Mass in Sydney.
2010: A US-born, al-Qaeda-linked cleric warns the American people that President Barack Obama will mire US forces in Yemen, just as in Afghanistan.
2011: A scientific autopsy confirms that Chilean President Salvador Allende committed suicide during the 1973 coup that toppled his socialist government.
2014: American actor James Garner, who was perhaps best known for his roles in the television series Maverick and The Rockford Files, dies at age 86.
TODAY’S BIRTHDAYS
Al-Bukhari, Islamic theologist (810-870); Samuel Colt, US inventor (1814-1862); Gottfried Keller, German author (1819-1890); Edgar Degas, French artist (1834-1917); Lizzie Borden, acquitted murderer (1860-1927); Vladimir Mayakovsky, Russian poet (1893-1930); Vincent Roy “Vin” Lumsden, Jamaican former cricketer (1930- ); Brian May, British guitarist w/rock group Queen (1947- ); Ilie Nastase, Romanian tennis player (1946- ); Anthony Edwards, US actor, (1962- ); Benedict Cumberbatch, actor (1976- ).
— AP and Jamaica Observer
