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In the last twenty years, many different approaches to deal with Computer-Interpretable clinical Guidelines (CIGs) have been developed, each one proposing its own representation formalism (mostly based on the Task-Network Model) execution... more
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      Computer ScienceProgramming LanguagesNatural Language ProcessingMedicine
The increasing popularity of the social networking service, Twitter, has made it more involved in day-to-day communications, strengthening social relationships and information dissemination. Conversations on Twitter are now being explored... more
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    •   8  
      Information RetrievalNatural Language ProcessingSocial MediaInformation Extraction
The challenge of recognizing named entities in a given text has been a very dynamic field in recent years. This is due to the advances in neural network architectures, increase of computing power and the availability of diverse labeled... more
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      Natural Language ProcessingNamed Entity RecognitionDrugsKnowledge Extraction
We describe a visualization tool that can be used to view the change in meaning of words over time. The tool makes use of existing (static) word embedding datasets together with a timestamped n-gram cor- pus to create temporal word... more
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      Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics)Natural Language ProcessingComputational Linguistics
This paper discusses the interaction of vocal music skill development with phonemic awareness (the ability to hear and manipulate phonemes, the smallest units of language) and fluency training in kindergarten and grade one language arts... more
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      Music EducationLanguages and LinguisticsNatural Language ProcessingTeacher Education
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      Latin LiteratureNatural Language ProcessingFilosofíaPoesía
7th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Applications (AI 2021) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of Artificial Intelligence and its... more
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      BioinformaticsComputer ScienceProgramming LanguagesInformation Retrieval
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      Natural Language ProcessingArtificial Neural NetworksMechine Learning
El objetivo que se pretende alcanzar consiste en desarrollar una habilidad metacognitiva: La utilización de los recursos lingüísticos y comunicativos de forma consciente y discrecional aplicados al habla dirigida a los niños que... more
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      Languages and LinguisticsNatural Language ProcessingSpeech-Language Pathology/ Communication DisordersAutism Spectrum Disorders
Хрониката представя две конференци, посветени на компютърната обработка на езика – Nooj 2010 и FASBL 2010.
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      Natural Language ProcessingSlavic LanguagesLinguisticsBalkan languages
9 th International Conference of Artificial Intelligence and Fuzzy Logic (AI & FL 2021) provides a forum for researchers who address this issue and to present their work in a peerreviewed forum. Authors are solicited to contribute to the... more
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      BioinformaticsProgramming LanguagesInformation RetrievalArtificial Intelligence
Natural Resource perspectives Number 51, March 2000 This series is published by ODI, an independent non-profit policy research institute, with financial support from the Department for International Development (formerly the Overseas Development Administration). Opinions expressed do not necessarily reflect the views of either ODI or DFID. DFID Department for International Development Introduction: Putting poverty at the heart of the tourism agenda Lack of focus on poverty within the tourism agenda The International Development Target of halving the proportion of people living in extreme poverty by 2015 has been widely adopted. A number of prominent development agencies, including the UK’s Department for International Development (DFID), are developing sustainable livelihoods approaches in response to these targets. In the tourism sector, national governments and donors have generally aimed to promote private sector investment, macro-economic growth and foreign exchange earnings, without specifically taking the needs and opportunities of the poor into account in tourism development (i.e. what we term here ‘pro-poor tourism’). Donor-supported tourism master plans focus on creating infrastructure, stimulating private investment and attracting international tourists. Investors are often international companies and local élites, whose profits are generally repatriated abroad or to metropolitan centres. Links with the local economy are often weak, with the possible exception of employment. Since the mid-1980s, interest in ‘green’ tourism, eco-tourism and community tourism has grown rapidly among decisionmakers, practitioners and advocates. All of these focus on the need to ensure that tourism does not erode the environmental and cultural base on which it depends. But these generally do not consider the full range of impacts on the livelihoods of the poor. The current challenge for governments and donors in tourism development is to respond to changes in broader development thinking, by developing strategies to enhance impacts of tourism on the poor. Recent research in India, Indonesia, Namibia, Nepal, the Philippines, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe helps to shed light on the issues involved. Can tourism really be pro-poor? Tourism is a complex industry driven by the private sector, and often by large international companies. Governments have relatively few instruments to influence this sector, particularly in developing countries where fiscal and planning instruments for capturing non-commercial benefits are generally weak. Nevertheless, as a sector for pro-poor economic growth, tourism has several advantages: • The consumer comes to the destination, thereby providing opportunities for selling additional goods and services. • Tourism is an important opportunity to diversify local economies. It can develop in poor and marginal areas with few other export and diversification options. Remote Box 1 Significance of tourism in poor countries In 1997 developing countries received 30.5% of world international tourist arrivals, compared with 24% in 1988 (WTO, 1998). International tourism is significant (over 2% of GDP or 5% of exports) or growing (i.e. by at least 50% in 1990–7) in almost half of the 48 low income countries, and in virtually all the 53 low income and middle income countries. Among the 12 countries that are home to 80% of the world’s poor, tourism is significant or growing in all but one. Problems of definition These statistics only cover some economic aspects of international tourism. Macro-economic data generally only capture arrivals and foreign exchange receipts associated with international tourism. There are two problems with this: • They do not capture domestic tourism, nor do they disaggregate regional tourism, both of which are significant and growing in Asia, Africa and South America, and often important markets for the poor. • Foreign exchange receipts do not accurately reflect the economic contribution of tourism. In addition to ‘core’ services of accommodation and transport, the tourism-related economy also involves food and drinks, supplies to hotels, local transport and attractions, guiding, handicrafts and souvenirs. Tourismrelated services are particularly important for expanding participation by the poor. PRO-POOR TOURISM: PUTTING POVERTY AT THE HEART OF THE TOURISM AGENDA Caroline Ashley, Charlotte Boyd and Harold Goodwin
Natural Resource perspectives Number 51, March 2000 This series is published by ODI, an independent non-profit policy research institute, with financial support from the Department for International Development (formerly the Overseas... more
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      FinanceEconomicsNatural Language ProcessingForeign Policy Analysis
This study aims at providing a possible model for linguistic representation, whose structure is able to describe the effects on sign’s indeterminacy (vagueness, ambiguities) and the dynamic nature of the system. In order to display the... more
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      Philosophy Of LanguageEpistemologyLanguages and LinguisticsLanguage Acquisition
The International Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Applications (IJAIA) is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the Artificial Intelligence & Applications... more
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      RoboticsBioinformaticsProgramming LanguagesInformation Retrieval
The International Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Applications (IJAIA) is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the Artificial Intelligence & Applications... more
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      RoboticsBioinformaticsComputer ScienceProgramming Languages
Within this article we use the metaphor of the “Research Onion” (Saunders et al., 2012: 128) to illustrate how these final elements (the core of the research onion) need to be considered in relation to other design elements (the outer... more
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      Artificial IntelligenceSocial Research Methods and MethodologyNatural Language ProcessingResearch Methods and Methodology
Objective In the 6 years since the National Library of Medicine began monthly releases of RxNorm, RxNorm has become a central resource for communicating about clinical drugs and supporting interoperation between drug vocabularies.... more
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      EngineeringComputer ScienceNatural Language ProcessingMedicine
Description: English medical, intensive care data From http://i3p-class.itc.it/projects_scheda.asp?id=14: "MAGIC is an intelligent multimedia presentation system for the medical domain. After a patient has heart surgery, the physicians in... more
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      Medical InformaticsNatural Language ProcessingNatural Language GenerationLiterature Review
Communities are at risk from extreme events and natural disasters that can lead to dangerous situations for residents. Improving resilience by helping people learn how to better prepare for, recover from, and adapt to disasters is... more
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      Information SystemsArtificial IntelligenceNatural Language ProcessingOntology (Computer Science)
The recent emphasis on health information technology has highlighted the importance of leveraging the large amount of electronic clinical data to help guide medical decision-making. Developing such clinical decision aids requires manual... more
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      Natural Language ProcessingMachine LearningClassification (Machine Learning)
Literature Based Discovery (LBD) is a process that searches for hidden and important connections among information embedded in published literature. Employing techniques from Information Retrieval and Natural Language Processing, LBD has... more
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      Information RetrievalNatural Language ProcessingData MiningGold Standard
Sentiment Analysis is a technique that is being used abundantly nowadays for customer reviews analysis, popularity analysis of electoral candidates, hate speech detection and similar applications. Sentiment analysis on tweets encounters... more
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      Computer ScienceNatural Language ProcessingMachine LearningData Mining
Around the world, the use of the Internet and social media has increased exponentially, and they have become an integral part of daily life. It allows people to share their thoughts, feelings, and ideas with their loved ones through the... more
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      Natural Language ProcessingMachine LearningSocial MediaCyberbullying
An off-line Nepali handwritten character recognition, based on the neural networks, is described in this paper. A good set of spatial features are extracted from character images. Accuracy and efficiency of Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and... more
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      Computer VisionImage ProcessingNatural Language ProcessingMachine Learning
We argue for a compositional semantics grounded in a strongly typed ontology that reflects our commonsense view of the world and the way we talk about it. Assuming such a structure we show that the semantics of various natural language... more
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      Artificial IntelligenceMetaphysicsPhilosophy of MindPhilosophy Of Language
The paper describes Portuguese large-scale linguistic resources, mainly computational lexicons and grammars, developed by LabEL. These resources are formalized and applied to texts by means of finite-state techniques, more and more... more
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      Natural Language ProcessingProceedingsLanguage ResourcesPortuguese Language Processing
Named entity recognition (NER) is one of the fundamental tasks in natural-language processing (NLP). Though the combination of different classifiers has been widely applied in several well-studied languages, this is the first time this... more
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      Information SystemsNatural Language ProcessingMachine LearningSupport Vector Machines
This paper presents the authors' experience with the development and use of a document-centered electronic patient record (EPR) in a large teaching hospital. The development of the document-centered EPR began with the formulation of a set... more
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      EngineeringBiomedical EngineeringMedical InformaticsNatural Language Processing
Scene text recognition brings various new challenges occurs in recent years. Detecting and recognizing text in scenes entails some of the equivalent problems as document processing, but there are also numerous novel problems to face for... more
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      AlgorithmsNatural Language ProcessingPattern RecognitionHorizontal Gene Transfer
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      Digital HumanitiesNatural Language ProcessingKartvelian Languages
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      Natural Language ProcessingLanguage ProcessingDependence Graph
Abstract. Soft-cardinality spectra (SC spectra) is a new method of approximation for text strings in linear time, which divides text strings into character q-grams of different sizes. The method allows simultaneous use of weighting at... more
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      Information RetrievalNatural Language ProcessingApplied Mathematics and Computational ScienceText Similarity
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      Software EngineeringNatural Language ProcessingFormal SpecificationNatural language
Verb Sense Disambiguation is a well-known task in NLP, the aim is to find the correct sense of a verb in a sentence. Recently, this problem has been extended in a multimodal scenario, by exploiting both textual and visual features of... more
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      Computer ScienceArtificial IntelligenceNatural Language Processing
We are very grateful to Matthew Simpson and Ivo Georgiev for their thorough and thoughtful reviews of the book.
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      Computer ScienceNatural Language ProcessingJohn Benjamins
Life is a blessing from the graces of God that he granted to all His creatures. God has excelled in creating this life in its most beautiful form, making the difference of people and the difference of graces among them a cornerstone for... more
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      Natural Language ProcessingSign LanguagesAssistive TechnologySpeech Recognition
Numerous researchers have worked on the knowledge-based semantics of words to clarify the ambiguity of (https://github.com/alimuttaleb/ Ali-Muttaleb/blob/master/Synonym.txt) synonyms in various natural-language processing fields, such as... more
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      Natural Language ProcessingSemanticsSemantic representation
Word sense disambiguation (WSD) is the problem of determining the sense of a multi-sense word in a given context. It is one of the important processes needed for natural language processing applications. Inductive Logic Programming (ILP)... more
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      Natural Language ProcessingMachine LearningWord Sense DisambiguationInductive Logic Programming
Five language and tagset independent stochastic taggers, handling morphological and contextual information, are presented and tested in corpora of seven European languages (Dutch, English, French, German, Greek, Italian and Spanish),... more
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      Natural Language ProcessingComputational LinguisticsNatural languageBit Error Rate
Many times people use a single word with multiple senses, which provides a different meaning based on the sentence in which it has been used. So, the main goal of the work is to disambiguate an ambiguous word that has been located in... more
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      Natural Language ProcessingWord Sense DisambiguationDisambiguationArabic Natural Language Processing
There is a number of machine learning algorithms for recognizing Arabic characters. In this paper, we investigate a range of strategies for multiple machine learning algorithms for the task of Arabic characters recognition, where we are... more
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      Natural Language ProcessingMachine LearningNatural Language GenerationCharacter Recognition
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      Natural Language ProcessingLanguage ProcessingDomain KnowledgeText Generation
We organized a challenge for IJCNN 2007 to assess the added value of prior domain knowledge in machine learning. Most commercial data mining programs accept data pre-formatted in the form of a table, with each example being encoded as a... more
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      Artificial IntelligenceNatural Language ProcessingMachine LearningData Mining
This paper presents a comparative study of prosodic features of utterances of two types of Bangla sentences: the declarative type and the interrogative ('yes-no' question) type whose textual contents are identical except for the... more
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      Natural Language ProcessingSpeech SynthesisFeature ExtractionAnalytical Model
Software development relies heavily on manual processes for transforming requirements into software artifacts such as models, source code, or test cases. Requirements are the starting point for these transformations, and they are... more
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      Software EngineeringNatural Language ProcessingRequirements EngineeringSoftware Development
Abstract: This paper briefly surveys three of the main resources for word sense disambiguation that are currently in use œ WordNet, FrameNet, and Levin classes œ and proposes an alternative approach, focusing on verbs and their valencies.... more
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      Natural Language ProcessingComputational Linguistics
Most research in text classification to date has used a “bag of words” representation in which each feature corresponds to a single word. This paper examines some alternative ways to represent text based on syntactic and semantic... more
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      Natural Language ProcessingRepresentationsLearningText Classification
Non-literal expression recognition is a challenging task in natural language processing. An ironic expression implies the opposite of the literal meaning, causing problems in opinion mining and sentiment analysis. In this paper, ironic... more
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      Languages and LinguisticsNatural Language ProcessingMachine LearningLinguistics
In Natural Language Processing (NLP), Word segmentation and Part-of-Speech (POS) tagging are fundamental tasks. The POS information is also necessary in NLP's preprocessing work applications such as machine translation (MT), information... more
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      Natural Language ProcessingComputational LinguisticsHidden Markov ModelsMorphological Analysis