The executive is the organ that exercises authority in and holds responsibility for the governance of a state. The executive executes and enforces law.
In political systems based on the principle of separation of powers, authority is distributed among several branches (executive, legislative, judicial) — an attempt to prevent the concentration of power in the hands of a small group of people. In such a system, the executive does not pass laws (the role of the legislature) or interpret them (the role of the judiciary). Instead, the executive enforces the law as written by the legislature and interpreted by the judiciary. The executive can be the source of certain types of law, such as a decree or executive order. Executive bureaucracies are commonly the source of regulations.
In the Westminster political system, the principle of separation of powers in not as entrenched. Members of the executive, called ministers, are also members of the legislature, and hence play an important part in both the writing and enforcing of law.
Breedlove v. Suttles, 302 U.S. 277 (1937), is a United States Supreme Court decision which upheld the constitutionality of requiring the payment of a poll tax in order to vote in state elections.
Background
At the relevant time, Georgia imposed a poll tax of $1.00 per year, levied generally on all inhabitants. The statute exempted from the tax all persons under 21 or over 60 years of age, and all females who do not register for voting. Under the state constitution, the tax must be paid by the person liable, together with arrears, before he can be registered for voting.
Nolan Breedlove, a white male, 28 years of age, declined to pay the tax, and was not allowed to register to vote. He filed a lawsuit challenging the Georgia law under the Fourteenth (both the Equal Protection Clause and the Privileges and Immunities Clause) and the Nineteenth Amendments. T. Earl Suttles was named defendant in the case in his official capacity as tax collector of Fulton County, Georgia.
Taylor v. Standard Gas and Electric Company, 306 U.S.307(1939), was an important United States Supreme Court case that laid down the "Deep Rock doctrine" as a rule of bankruptcy and corporate law. This holds that claims, as creditors, upon an insolvent subsidiary company by controlling shareholders or other insiders, like managers or directors, will be subordinated to the claims of all other creditors.
Facts
The Deep Rock Oil Corporation was an undercapitalized subsidiary of the defendant Standard Gas Company.
Judgment
The Supreme Court held that, where a subsidiary corporation declares bankruptcy and an insider or controlling shareholder of that subsidiary corporation asserts claims as a creditor against the subsidiary, loans made by the insider to the subsidiary corporation may be deemed to receive the same treatment as shares of stock owned by the insider. Therefore, the insider's claims will be subordinated to the claims of all other creditors, i.e. other creditors will be paid first, and if there is nothing left after other creditors are paid then the insider gets nothing. This also applies (and indeed the doctrine was first established) where a parent company asserts such claims against its own subsidiary.
Poole v. Fleeger, 36 U.S. 185 (1837) is a 7-to-0 ruling by the Supreme Court of the United States which held that the states of Kentucky and Tennessee had properly entered into an agreement establishing a mutual border between the two states. The plaintiffs in the case were granted title to property improperly conveyed by the state of Tennessee north of this border. In the ruling, the Supreme Court asserted the fundamental right of states and nations to establish their borders regardless of private contract, and made a fundamental statement about the rights of parties to object to a trial court ruling under the rules of civil procedure.
Background
In 1606, during European colonization of the Americas, James I of England granted the Charter of 1606 to the newly established Virginia Company, asserting royal title to Native American-occupied land between the 34th and 45th latitudes and 100 miles (160km) inland, and permitting the Virginia Company to establish colonies there. In 1609, James I redefined the Colony of Virginia's boundaries to extend the colony's northern and southern boundaries as well as asserting title to all land west to the Pacific Ocean. In 1632, Charles I of England took the Colony of Virginia's grant north of the Potomac River away from Virginia and gave it to the new colony known as the Province of Maryland. Subsequent negotiations between the Province of Pennsylvania colony and Colony of Virginia further established the Virginia colony's northwestern border.
Watson v. Jones, 80 U.S. 679 (1872), is a United States Supreme Court case. The case was based upon a dispute regarding the Third or Walnut Street Presbyterian Church in Louisville, Kentucky. The Court held that in adjudications of church property disputes, 1) courts cannot rule on the truth or falsity of a religious teaching, 2) where a previous authority structure existed before the dispute, courts should defer to the decision of that structure, and 3) in the absence of such an internal authority structure, courts should defer to the wishes of a majority of the congregation. Because the Walnut Street Presbyterian Church had a clear internal authority structure, the court granted control of the property to that group, even though it was only supported by a minority of the congregation.
One Direction – History (Official Video)
Follow on Spotify - https://1D.lnk.to/Spotify
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Listen on YouTube Music - https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_YTMusic
Check out One Direction’s 10 Year Anniversary website here:
https://1D.lnk.to/10YearsOf1DWebsite
WATCH STORY OF MY LIFE MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_SOML
WATCH WHAT MAKES YOU BEAUTIFUL MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/1D_WMYB
WATCH DRAG ME DOWN MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_DMD
WATCH YOU & I MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_Y_and_I
WATCH STEAL MY GIRL MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_SMG
WATCH BEST SONG EVER MUSIC VIDEO ►...
One Direction – History (Official Video)
Follow on Spotify - https://1D.lnk.to/Spotify
Listen on Apple Music - https://1D.lnk.to/AppleMusic
Listen on Amazon Mus...
One Direction – History (Official Video)
Follow on Spotify - https://1D.lnk.to/Spotify
Listen on Apple Music - https://1D.lnk.to/AppleMusic
Listen on Amazon Music - https://1D.lnk.to/AmazonMusic
Listen on Deezer - https://1D.lnk.to/Deezer
Listen on YouTube Music - https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_YTMusic
Check out One Direction’s 10 Year Anniversary website here:
https://1D.lnk.to/10YearsOf1DWebsite
WATCH STORY OF MY LIFE MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_SOML
WATCH WHAT MAKES YOU BEAUTIFUL MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/1D_WMYB
WATCH DRAG ME DOWN MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_DMD
WATCH YOU & I MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_Y_and_I
WATCH STEAL MY GIRL MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_SMG
WATCH BEST SONG EVER MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_BSE
Subscribe to the One Direction YouTube channel - https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_YT_Sub
Follow One Direction:
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/onedirection/
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Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/onedirection/
Lyrics
[Harry:]
You gotta help me, I'm losing my mind
Keep getting the feeling you wanna leave this all behind
Thought we were going strong
I thought we were holding on
Aren't we?
[Niall:]
No, they don't teach you this in school
Now my heart's breaking and I don't know what to do
Thought we were going strong
Thought we were holding on
Aren't we?
[All:]
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
We could be the greatest team that the world has ever seen
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
So don't let it go, we can make some more, we can live forever
[Liam:]
All of the rumors, all of the fights
But we always find a way to make it out alive
Thought we were going strong
Thought we were holding on
Aren't we?
[All:]
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
We could be the greatest team that the world has ever seen
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
So don't let it go, we can make some more, we can live forever
[Louis:]
Mini bars, expensive cars, hotel rooms, and new tattoos
And the good champagne, and private planes, but they don't mean anything
'Cause the truth is out, I realize that without you here life is just a lie
This is not the end
This is not the end
We can make it, you know it, you know
[All:]
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
We could be the greatest team that the world has ever seen
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
So don't let it go, we can make some more, we can live forever
[All:]
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
We could be the greatest team that the world has ever seen
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
So don't let it go, we can make some more, we can live forever
[Harry:]
So don't let me go
So don't let me go
[All:]
We can live forever
[Liam:]
Baby don't you know
Baby don't you know
[All:]
We can live forever
#OneDirection #History #10YearsOf1D #OneDirectionOfficial #1D #OneDirectionHistory
One Direction – History (Official Video)
Follow on Spotify - https://1D.lnk.to/Spotify
Listen on Apple Music - https://1D.lnk.to/AppleMusic
Listen on Amazon Music - https://1D.lnk.to/AmazonMusic
Listen on Deezer - https://1D.lnk.to/Deezer
Listen on YouTube Music - https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_YTMusic
Check out One Direction’s 10 Year Anniversary website here:
https://1D.lnk.to/10YearsOf1DWebsite
WATCH STORY OF MY LIFE MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_SOML
WATCH WHAT MAKES YOU BEAUTIFUL MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/1D_WMYB
WATCH DRAG ME DOWN MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_DMD
WATCH YOU & I MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_Y_and_I
WATCH STEAL MY GIRL MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_SMG
WATCH BEST SONG EVER MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_BSE
Subscribe to the One Direction YouTube channel - https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_YT_Sub
Follow One Direction:
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/onedirection/
Twitter - https://twitter.com/onedirection
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/onedirection/
Lyrics
[Harry:]
You gotta help me, I'm losing my mind
Keep getting the feeling you wanna leave this all behind
Thought we were going strong
I thought we were holding on
Aren't we?
[Niall:]
No, they don't teach you this in school
Now my heart's breaking and I don't know what to do
Thought we were going strong
Thought we were holding on
Aren't we?
[All:]
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
We could be the greatest team that the world has ever seen
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
So don't let it go, we can make some more, we can live forever
[Liam:]
All of the rumors, all of the fights
But we always find a way to make it out alive
Thought we were going strong
Thought we were holding on
Aren't we?
[All:]
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
We could be the greatest team that the world has ever seen
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
So don't let it go, we can make some more, we can live forever
[Louis:]
Mini bars, expensive cars, hotel rooms, and new tattoos
And the good champagne, and private planes, but they don't mean anything
'Cause the truth is out, I realize that without you here life is just a lie
This is not the end
This is not the end
We can make it, you know it, you know
[All:]
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
We could be the greatest team that the world has ever seen
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
So don't let it go, we can make some more, we can live forever
[All:]
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
We could be the greatest team that the world has ever seen
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
So don't let it go, we can make some more, we can live forever
[Harry:]
So don't let me go
So don't let me go
[All:]
We can live forever
[Liam:]
Baby don't you know
Baby don't you know
[All:]
We can live forever
#OneDirection #History #10YearsOf1D #OneDirectionOfficial #1D #OneDirectionHistory
One Direction – History (Official Video)
Follow on Spotify - https://1D.lnk.to/Spotify
Listen on Apple Music - https://1D.lnk.to/AppleMusic
Listen on Amazon Music - https://1D.lnk.to/AmazonMusic
Listen on Deezer - https://1D.lnk.to/Deezer
Listen on YouTube Music - https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_YTMusic
Check out One Direction’s 10 Year Anniversary website here:
https://1D.lnk.to/10YearsOf1DWebsite
WATCH STORY OF MY LIFE MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_SOML
WATCH WHAT MAKES YOU BEAUTIFUL MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/1D_WMYB
WATCH DRAG ME DOWN MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_DMD
WATCH YOU & I MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_Y_and_I
WATCH STEAL MY GIRL MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_SMG
WATCH BEST SONG EVER MUSIC VIDEO ► https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_BSE
Subscribe to the One Direction YouTube channel - https://smarturl.it/OneDirection_YT_Sub
Follow One Direction:
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/onedirection/
Twitter - https://twitter.com/onedirection
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/onedirection/
Lyrics
[Harry:]
You gotta help me, I'm losing my mind
Keep getting the feeling you wanna leave this all behind
Thought we were going strong
I thought we were holding on
Aren't we?
[Niall:]
No, they don't teach you this in school
Now my heart's breaking and I don't know what to do
Thought we were going strong
Thought we were holding on
Aren't we?
[All:]
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
We could be the greatest team that the world has ever seen
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
So don't let it go, we can make some more, we can live forever
[Liam:]
All of the rumors, all of the fights
But we always find a way to make it out alive
Thought we were going strong
Thought we were holding on
Aren't we?
[All:]
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
We could be the greatest team that the world has ever seen
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
So don't let it go, we can make some more, we can live forever
[Louis:]
Mini bars, expensive cars, hotel rooms, and new tattoos
And the good champagne, and private planes, but they don't mean anything
'Cause the truth is out, I realize that without you here life is just a lie
This is not the end
This is not the end
We can make it, you know it, you know
[All:]
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
We could be the greatest team that the world has ever seen
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
So don't let it go, we can make some more, we can live forever
[All:]
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
We could be the greatest team that the world has ever seen
You and me got a whole lot of history (oh)
So don't let it go, we can make some more, we can live forever
[Harry:]
So don't let me go
So don't let me go
[All:]
We can live forever
[Liam:]
Baby don't you know
Baby don't you know
[All:]
We can live forever
#OneDirection #History #10YearsOf1D #OneDirectionOfficial #1D #OneDirectionHistory
The executive is the organ that exercises authority in and holds responsibility for the governance of a state. The executive executes and enforces law.
In political systems based on the principle of separation of powers, authority is distributed among several branches (executive, legislative, judicial) — an attempt to prevent the concentration of power in the hands of a small group of people. In such a system, the executive does not pass laws (the role of the legislature) or interpret them (the role of the judiciary). Instead, the executive enforces the law as written by the legislature and interpreted by the judiciary. The executive can be the source of certain types of law, such as a decree or executive order. Executive bureaucracies are commonly the source of regulations.
In the Westminster political system, the principle of separation of powers in not as entrenched. Members of the executive, called ministers, are also members of the legislature, and hence play an important part in both the writing and enforcing of law.
I've tried and tried to run and hide To find a life that's new But wherever I go I always know I can't escape from you A jug of wine to numb my mind But what good does it do? The jug runs dry and still I cry I can't escape from you These wasted years are souvenirs Of love I thought was true Your memory is chained to me I can't escape from you There is no end, I can't pretend That dreams will soon come true A slave too long to a heart of stone I can't escape from you