The Saffarid dynasty (Persian:سلسله صفاریان) was a MuslimPersianate dynasty from Sistan that ruled over parts of eastern Iran, with its capital at Zaranj (a city now in southwestern Afghanistan).Khorasan, Afghanistan and Balochistan from 861 to 1003. The dynasty, of Persian origin, was founded by Ya'qub bin Laith as-Saffar, born in 840 in a small town called Karnin (Qarnin), which was located east of Zaranj and west of Bost, in what is now Afghanistan - a native of Sistan and a local ayyar, who worked as a coppersmith (ṣaffār) before becoming a warlord. He seized control of the Sistan region and began conquering most of Iran and Afghanistan, as well as parts of Pakistan, Tajikestan and Uzbekistan.
The Saffarids used their capital Zaranj as a base for an aggressive expansion eastward and westward. They first invaded the areas south of the Hindu Kush in Afghanistan and then overthrew the Persian Tahirid dynasty, annexing Khorasan in 873. By the time of Ya'qub's death, he had conquered the Kabul Valley, Sindh, Tocharistan, Makran (Balochistan), Kerman, Fars, Khorasan, and nearly reached Baghdad but then suffered a defeat by the Abbasids.
Name:
Safaryan (861 - 1003)
Official Language:
Persian
Ruling Entity:
Saffarid Dynasty / Persian
State Religion:
Islam
Government:
Absolute Monarchy
Capitals:
Zaranj (861 - 1003)
#PersianEmpire #IranianEmpire #YaqubibnalLayth
published: 29 Apr 2022
Saffarid Empire #history #empire #iran #islam
published: 03 Sep 2023
History of Islamic Iran explained in 10 minutes
History of Islamic Iran explained in 10 minutes
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Tags:
Iran, history of iran explained, iran history documentary, documentary, safavid dynasty, Persia, Persian history, Persian history documentary, iran crashcourse, Persia crashcourse, Iranian history, Iranian empires, history, Islamic empires, muslim empires, Persian dynasties, Iran history documentary HD, ancient Iran history documentary,islam in iran history, iran explained, iran iraq, Pahlavi dynasty,Qajar dynasty,Afsharid ,Timurid Empire,Ilkhanate,Mongol Empire, Khwarazm, Khwarazmian dynasty, Seljuk Empire,Buyid dynasty,Samanid Empire,Saffarid dynasty, Abbasid, Umayyad, Rashidun
published: 25 May 2018
Rise of Saffarids in Iran
published: 14 Feb 2023
Brief History of Saffarid Dynasty
published: 27 Jan 2022
Civilizations in Review: Saffarid Dynasty
Read the full article on this Civilization 101 here: https://www.alfusaic.net/civilizations-101/saffarid
published: 09 Sep 2022
Timeline of the Empires of Persia from 678 BC to 1979.
First Muslim Incursion into India - Early Muslim Expansion DOCUMENTARY
Thanks to Keeps for sponsoring - Head to https://keeps.com/kings to get 50% off your first order of hair loss treatment.
Third season of the Kings and Generals animated historical documentary series on the Early Muslim Expansion starts with the aftermath of the battles against the Sassanid and Eastern Roman empires at Yarmouk and al-Qadisiyyah (https://youtu.be/r2cEIDZwG5M) and battles of Ctesiphon, Alexandria, Nikiou, Jerusalem, Sufetula, Heliopolis, and Nahavand (https://youtu.be/baHT2nR5Wr4). We are going to cover the aftermath of the beginning of the First Fitna (Civil War) in the Rashidun Caliphate (https://youtu.be/5a6PyMTLL1E) and the battle of Siffin of 657, which led to the rise of the Umayyad Caliphate (https://youtu.be/FVkTzYmoIoI), external expansion continued with the siege o...
published: 05 Nov 2022
What is Saffarid dynasty?, Explain Saffarid dynasty, Define Saffarid dynasty
~~~ Saffarid dynasty ~~~
Title: What is Saffarid dynasty?, Explain Saffarid dynasty, Define Saffarid dynasty
Created on: 2018-09-05
Source Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saffarid_dynasty
------
Description: The Saffarid dynasty was a Muslim Persianate dynasty from Sistan that ruled over parts of eastern Iran, with its capital at Zaranj . Khorasan, Afghanistan and Sistan from 861 to 1003. The dynasty, of Persian origin, was founded by Ya'qub bin Laith as-Saffar, born in 840 in a small town called Karnin , which was located east of Zaranj and west of Bost, in what is now Afghanistan - a native of Sistan and a local ayyar, who worked as a coppersmith before becoming a warlord. He seized control of the Sistan region and began conquering most of Iran and Afghanistan, as well as parts of...
Name:
Safaryan (861 - 1003)
Official Language:
Persian
Ruling Entity:
Saffarid Dynasty / Persian
State Religion:
Islam
Government:
Absolute Monarchy
Capita...
Name:
Safaryan (861 - 1003)
Official Language:
Persian
Ruling Entity:
Saffarid Dynasty / Persian
State Religion:
Islam
Government:
Absolute Monarchy
Capitals:
Zaranj (861 - 1003)
#PersianEmpire #IranianEmpire #YaqubibnalLayth
History of Islamic Iran explained in 10 minutes
Patreon
https://www.patreon.com/Epimetheus1776
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Tags:
Iran, his...
History of Islamic Iran explained in 10 minutes
Patreon
https://www.patreon.com/Epimetheus1776
Teespring
https://teespring.com/stores/epimetheus
Tags:
Iran, history of iran explained, iran history documentary, documentary, safavid dynasty, Persia, Persian history, Persian history documentary, iran crashcourse, Persia crashcourse, Iranian history, Iranian empires, history, Islamic empires, muslim empires, Persian dynasties, Iran history documentary HD, ancient Iran history documentary,islam in iran history, iran explained, iran iraq, Pahlavi dynasty,Qajar dynasty,Afsharid ,Timurid Empire,Ilkhanate,Mongol Empire, Khwarazm, Khwarazmian dynasty, Seljuk Empire,Buyid dynasty,Samanid Empire,Saffarid dynasty, Abbasid, Umayyad, Rashidun
History of Islamic Iran explained in 10 minutes
Patreon
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Tags:
Iran, history of iran explained, iran history documentary, documentary, safavid dynasty, Persia, Persian history, Persian history documentary, iran crashcourse, Persia crashcourse, Iranian history, Iranian empires, history, Islamic empires, muslim empires, Persian dynasties, Iran history documentary HD, ancient Iran history documentary,islam in iran history, iran explained, iran iraq, Pahlavi dynasty,Qajar dynasty,Afsharid ,Timurid Empire,Ilkhanate,Mongol Empire, Khwarazm, Khwarazmian dynasty, Seljuk Empire,Buyid dynasty,Samanid Empire,Saffarid dynasty, Abbasid, Umayyad, Rashidun
Thanks to Keeps for sponsoring - Head to https://keeps.com/kings to get 50% off your first order of hair loss treatment.
Third season of the Kings and Generals...
Thanks to Keeps for sponsoring - Head to https://keeps.com/kings to get 50% off your first order of hair loss treatment.
Third season of the Kings and Generals animated historical documentary series on the Early Muslim Expansion starts with the aftermath of the battles against the Sassanid and Eastern Roman empires at Yarmouk and al-Qadisiyyah (https://youtu.be/r2cEIDZwG5M) and battles of Ctesiphon, Alexandria, Nikiou, Jerusalem, Sufetula, Heliopolis, and Nahavand (https://youtu.be/baHT2nR5Wr4). We are going to cover the aftermath of the beginning of the First Fitna (Civil War) in the Rashidun Caliphate (https://youtu.be/5a6PyMTLL1E) and the battle of Siffin of 657, which led to the rise of the Umayyad Caliphate (https://youtu.be/FVkTzYmoIoI), external expansion continued with the siege of Constantinople in 674-678, but this didn't stop the Second Fitna from happening, leading to the battles of Karbala (680) and Marj Rahit (684) (https://youtu.be/BZa_HjChaS0). We also previously talked about the conclusion of the Second Fitna and the rise and fall of the Zubayrid Caliphate (https://youtu.be/gteP2lmh42U). In another episode the armies of the Caliphate return to the frontiers, clashing with the crumbling Byzantine Empire in Armenia and North Africa. In the latter, they would not find opposition not just in the Roman remnant, as the rise of a new warrior queen among the Berbers posed a serious challenge to Hassan ibn al-Nu’man’s conquering army in the Maghreb. And even as the Umayyads won victories on the battlefield and expanded ever further, the cohesion and unity of their empire continued to deteriorate on their Eastern frontiers, planting the seeds of their eventual collapse. And we will also discuss how Carthage was razed once again (https://youtu.be/NoF8XCseFio). This new episode will focus on the first Muslim incursion into India, as we discuss the Sindh campaign that allowed the Arabs to gain a foothold in the subcontinent.
Early Muslim Expansion Season 1: https://youtu.be/r2cEIDZwG5M
Early Muslim Expansion Season 2: https://youtu.be/baHT2nR5Wr4
Slavery in the Caliphate: https://youtu.be/5kDPPmZvSKY
Muslim Schism: https://youtu.be/-85dXjgMiSU
Christian Schism: https://youtu.be/a6rWf0k8d78
First Crusade: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JkyYjpYLORI&list=PLaBYW76inbX6RqjG027zLO_svn3Fdv7Qa
Third Crusade: https://youtu.be/jCyCSgsFXKQ
Fourth Crusade: https://youtu.be/IpHbbq0O7Wo
Support us on Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/KingsandGenerals or Paypal: http://paypal.me/kingsandgenerals or by joining the youtube membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCMmaBzfCCwZ2KqaBJjkj0fw/join We are grateful to our patrons and sponsors, who made this video possible: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ooKPbpq0z8ciEjz5Zmrga4-gWRmripm0u4BHMkkXHVc/edit?usp=sharing
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Animation: Arif Azaman (https://www.youtube.com/user/MathemedicUpdates)
Script: Ethan Symons-Ferraro
Illustrations: Nargiz Isayeva
Machinimas by Arif Azaman using on Total War: Attilla engine, using Anno Domini 768 mod: https://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=2695905425
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#Documentary #Muslims #India
Thanks to Keeps for sponsoring - Head to https://keeps.com/kings to get 50% off your first order of hair loss treatment.
Third season of the Kings and Generals animated historical documentary series on the Early Muslim Expansion starts with the aftermath of the battles against the Sassanid and Eastern Roman empires at Yarmouk and al-Qadisiyyah (https://youtu.be/r2cEIDZwG5M) and battles of Ctesiphon, Alexandria, Nikiou, Jerusalem, Sufetula, Heliopolis, and Nahavand (https://youtu.be/baHT2nR5Wr4). We are going to cover the aftermath of the beginning of the First Fitna (Civil War) in the Rashidun Caliphate (https://youtu.be/5a6PyMTLL1E) and the battle of Siffin of 657, which led to the rise of the Umayyad Caliphate (https://youtu.be/FVkTzYmoIoI), external expansion continued with the siege of Constantinople in 674-678, but this didn't stop the Second Fitna from happening, leading to the battles of Karbala (680) and Marj Rahit (684) (https://youtu.be/BZa_HjChaS0). We also previously talked about the conclusion of the Second Fitna and the rise and fall of the Zubayrid Caliphate (https://youtu.be/gteP2lmh42U). In another episode the armies of the Caliphate return to the frontiers, clashing with the crumbling Byzantine Empire in Armenia and North Africa. In the latter, they would not find opposition not just in the Roman remnant, as the rise of a new warrior queen among the Berbers posed a serious challenge to Hassan ibn al-Nu’man’s conquering army in the Maghreb. And even as the Umayyads won victories on the battlefield and expanded ever further, the cohesion and unity of their empire continued to deteriorate on their Eastern frontiers, planting the seeds of their eventual collapse. And we will also discuss how Carthage was razed once again (https://youtu.be/NoF8XCseFio). This new episode will focus on the first Muslim incursion into India, as we discuss the Sindh campaign that allowed the Arabs to gain a foothold in the subcontinent.
Early Muslim Expansion Season 1: https://youtu.be/r2cEIDZwG5M
Early Muslim Expansion Season 2: https://youtu.be/baHT2nR5Wr4
Slavery in the Caliphate: https://youtu.be/5kDPPmZvSKY
Muslim Schism: https://youtu.be/-85dXjgMiSU
Christian Schism: https://youtu.be/a6rWf0k8d78
First Crusade: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JkyYjpYLORI&list=PLaBYW76inbX6RqjG027zLO_svn3Fdv7Qa
Third Crusade: https://youtu.be/jCyCSgsFXKQ
Fourth Crusade: https://youtu.be/IpHbbq0O7Wo
Support us on Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/KingsandGenerals or Paypal: http://paypal.me/kingsandgenerals or by joining the youtube membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCMmaBzfCCwZ2KqaBJjkj0fw/join We are grateful to our patrons and sponsors, who made this video possible: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ooKPbpq0z8ciEjz5Zmrga4-gWRmripm0u4BHMkkXHVc/edit?usp=sharing
Narration: Officially Devin (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCU0-VII-V376zFxiRGMeZGg & https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC79s7EdN9uXX77-Ly2HmEjQ)
Animation: Arif Azaman (https://www.youtube.com/user/MathemedicUpdates)
Script: Ethan Symons-Ferraro
Illustrations: Nargiz Isayeva
Machinimas by Arif Azaman using on Total War: Attilla engine, using Anno Domini 768 mod: https://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=2695905425
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#Documentary #Muslims #India
~~~ Saffarid dynasty ~~~
Title: What is Saffarid dynasty?, Explain Saffarid dynasty, Define Saffarid dynasty
Created on: 2018-09-05
Source Link: https://en.wik...
~~~ Saffarid dynasty ~~~
Title: What is Saffarid dynasty?, Explain Saffarid dynasty, Define Saffarid dynasty
Created on: 2018-09-05
Source Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saffarid_dynasty
------
Description: The Saffarid dynasty was a Muslim Persianate dynasty from Sistan that ruled over parts of eastern Iran, with its capital at Zaranj . Khorasan, Afghanistan and Sistan from 861 to 1003. The dynasty, of Persian origin, was founded by Ya'qub bin Laith as-Saffar, born in 840 in a small town called Karnin , which was located east of Zaranj and west of Bost, in what is now Afghanistan - a native of Sistan and a local ayyar, who worked as a coppersmith before becoming a warlord. He seized control of the Sistan region and began conquering most of Iran and Afghanistan, as well as parts of Pakistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. The Saffarids used their capital Zaranj as a base for an aggressive expansion eastward and westward. They first invaded the areas south of the Hindu Kush in Afghanistan and then overthrew the Persian Tahirid dynasty, annexing Khorasan in 873. By the time of Ya'qub's death, he had conquered the Kabul Valley, Sindh, Tocharistan, Makran , Kerman, Fars, Khorasan, and nearly reached Baghdad but then suffered a defeat by the Abbasids.The Saffarid empire did not last long after Ya'qub's death. His brother and successor, Amr bin Laith, was defeated at the Battle of Balkh against Ismail Samani in 900. Amr bin Laith was forced to surrender most of his territories to the new rulers. The Saffarids were subsequently confined to their heartland of Sistan, with their role reduced to that of vassals of the Samanids and their successors.
------
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------
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Support: Donations can be made from https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Ways_to_Give to support Wikimedia Foundation and knowledge sharing.
~~~ Saffarid dynasty ~~~
Title: What is Saffarid dynasty?, Explain Saffarid dynasty, Define Saffarid dynasty
Created on: 2018-09-05
Source Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saffarid_dynasty
------
Description: The Saffarid dynasty was a Muslim Persianate dynasty from Sistan that ruled over parts of eastern Iran, with its capital at Zaranj . Khorasan, Afghanistan and Sistan from 861 to 1003. The dynasty, of Persian origin, was founded by Ya'qub bin Laith as-Saffar, born in 840 in a small town called Karnin , which was located east of Zaranj and west of Bost, in what is now Afghanistan - a native of Sistan and a local ayyar, who worked as a coppersmith before becoming a warlord. He seized control of the Sistan region and began conquering most of Iran and Afghanistan, as well as parts of Pakistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. The Saffarids used their capital Zaranj as a base for an aggressive expansion eastward and westward. They first invaded the areas south of the Hindu Kush in Afghanistan and then overthrew the Persian Tahirid dynasty, annexing Khorasan in 873. By the time of Ya'qub's death, he had conquered the Kabul Valley, Sindh, Tocharistan, Makran , Kerman, Fars, Khorasan, and nearly reached Baghdad but then suffered a defeat by the Abbasids.The Saffarid empire did not last long after Ya'qub's death. His brother and successor, Amr bin Laith, was defeated at the Battle of Balkh against Ismail Samani in 900. Amr bin Laith was forced to surrender most of his territories to the new rulers. The Saffarids were subsequently confined to their heartland of Sistan, with their role reduced to that of vassals of the Samanids and their successors.
------
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------
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Support: Donations can be made from https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Ways_to_Give to support Wikimedia Foundation and knowledge sharing.
History of Islamic Iran explained in 10 minutes
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Tags:
Iran, history of iran explained, iran history documentary, documentary, safavid dynasty, Persia, Persian history, Persian history documentary, iran crashcourse, Persia crashcourse, Iranian history, Iranian empires, history, Islamic empires, muslim empires, Persian dynasties, Iran history documentary HD, ancient Iran history documentary,islam in iran history, iran explained, iran iraq, Pahlavi dynasty,Qajar dynasty,Afsharid ,Timurid Empire,Ilkhanate,Mongol Empire, Khwarazm, Khwarazmian dynasty, Seljuk Empire,Buyid dynasty,Samanid Empire,Saffarid dynasty, Abbasid, Umayyad, Rashidun
Thanks to Keeps for sponsoring - Head to https://keeps.com/kings to get 50% off your first order of hair loss treatment.
Third season of the Kings and Generals animated historical documentary series on the Early Muslim Expansion starts with the aftermath of the battles against the Sassanid and Eastern Roman empires at Yarmouk and al-Qadisiyyah (https://youtu.be/r2cEIDZwG5M) and battles of Ctesiphon, Alexandria, Nikiou, Jerusalem, Sufetula, Heliopolis, and Nahavand (https://youtu.be/baHT2nR5Wr4). We are going to cover the aftermath of the beginning of the First Fitna (Civil War) in the Rashidun Caliphate (https://youtu.be/5a6PyMTLL1E) and the battle of Siffin of 657, which led to the rise of the Umayyad Caliphate (https://youtu.be/FVkTzYmoIoI), external expansion continued with the siege of Constantinople in 674-678, but this didn't stop the Second Fitna from happening, leading to the battles of Karbala (680) and Marj Rahit (684) (https://youtu.be/BZa_HjChaS0). We also previously talked about the conclusion of the Second Fitna and the rise and fall of the Zubayrid Caliphate (https://youtu.be/gteP2lmh42U). In another episode the armies of the Caliphate return to the frontiers, clashing with the crumbling Byzantine Empire in Armenia and North Africa. In the latter, they would not find opposition not just in the Roman remnant, as the rise of a new warrior queen among the Berbers posed a serious challenge to Hassan ibn al-Nu’man’s conquering army in the Maghreb. And even as the Umayyads won victories on the battlefield and expanded ever further, the cohesion and unity of their empire continued to deteriorate on their Eastern frontiers, planting the seeds of their eventual collapse. And we will also discuss how Carthage was razed once again (https://youtu.be/NoF8XCseFio). This new episode will focus on the first Muslim incursion into India, as we discuss the Sindh campaign that allowed the Arabs to gain a foothold in the subcontinent.
Early Muslim Expansion Season 1: https://youtu.be/r2cEIDZwG5M
Early Muslim Expansion Season 2: https://youtu.be/baHT2nR5Wr4
Slavery in the Caliphate: https://youtu.be/5kDPPmZvSKY
Muslim Schism: https://youtu.be/-85dXjgMiSU
Christian Schism: https://youtu.be/a6rWf0k8d78
First Crusade: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JkyYjpYLORI&list=PLaBYW76inbX6RqjG027zLO_svn3Fdv7Qa
Third Crusade: https://youtu.be/jCyCSgsFXKQ
Fourth Crusade: https://youtu.be/IpHbbq0O7Wo
Support us on Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/KingsandGenerals or Paypal: http://paypal.me/kingsandgenerals or by joining the youtube membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCMmaBzfCCwZ2KqaBJjkj0fw/join We are grateful to our patrons and sponsors, who made this video possible: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ooKPbpq0z8ciEjz5Zmrga4-gWRmripm0u4BHMkkXHVc/edit?usp=sharing
Narration: Officially Devin (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCU0-VII-V376zFxiRGMeZGg & https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC79s7EdN9uXX77-Ly2HmEjQ)
Animation: Arif Azaman (https://www.youtube.com/user/MathemedicUpdates)
Script: Ethan Symons-Ferraro
Illustrations: Nargiz Isayeva
Machinimas by Arif Azaman using on Total War: Attilla engine, using Anno Domini 768 mod: https://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=2695905425
✔ Merch store ► https://teespring.com/stores/kingsandgenerals
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Production Music courtesy of Epidemic Sound: http://www.epidemicsound.com
#Documentary #Muslims #India
~~~ Saffarid dynasty ~~~
Title: What is Saffarid dynasty?, Explain Saffarid dynasty, Define Saffarid dynasty
Created on: 2018-09-05
Source Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saffarid_dynasty
------
Description: The Saffarid dynasty was a Muslim Persianate dynasty from Sistan that ruled over parts of eastern Iran, with its capital at Zaranj . Khorasan, Afghanistan and Sistan from 861 to 1003. The dynasty, of Persian origin, was founded by Ya'qub bin Laith as-Saffar, born in 840 in a small town called Karnin , which was located east of Zaranj and west of Bost, in what is now Afghanistan - a native of Sistan and a local ayyar, who worked as a coppersmith before becoming a warlord. He seized control of the Sistan region and began conquering most of Iran and Afghanistan, as well as parts of Pakistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. The Saffarids used their capital Zaranj as a base for an aggressive expansion eastward and westward. They first invaded the areas south of the Hindu Kush in Afghanistan and then overthrew the Persian Tahirid dynasty, annexing Khorasan in 873. By the time of Ya'qub's death, he had conquered the Kabul Valley, Sindh, Tocharistan, Makran , Kerman, Fars, Khorasan, and nearly reached Baghdad but then suffered a defeat by the Abbasids.The Saffarid empire did not last long after Ya'qub's death. His brother and successor, Amr bin Laith, was defeated at the Battle of Balkh against Ismail Samani in 900. Amr bin Laith was forced to surrender most of his territories to the new rulers. The Saffarids were subsequently confined to their heartland of Sistan, with their role reduced to that of vassals of the Samanids and their successors.
------
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------
Source: Wikipedia.org articles, adapted under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ license.
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The Saffarid dynasty (Persian:سلسله صفاریان) was a MuslimPersianate dynasty from Sistan that ruled over parts of eastern Iran, with its capital at Zaranj (a city now in southwestern Afghanistan).Khorasan, Afghanistan and Balochistan from 861 to 1003. The dynasty, of Persian origin, was founded by Ya'qub bin Laith as-Saffar, born in 840 in a small town called Karnin (Qarnin), which was located east of Zaranj and west of Bost, in what is now Afghanistan - a native of Sistan and a local ayyar, who worked as a coppersmith (ṣaffār) before becoming a warlord. He seized control of the Sistan region and began conquering most of Iran and Afghanistan, as well as parts of Pakistan, Tajikestan and Uzbekistan.
The Saffarids used their capital Zaranj as a base for an aggressive expansion eastward and westward. They first invaded the areas south of the Hindu Kush in Afghanistan and then overthrew the Persian Tahirid dynasty, annexing Khorasan in 873. By the time of Ya'qub's death, he had conquered the Kabul Valley, Sindh, Tocharistan, Makran (Balochistan), Kerman, Fars, Khorasan, and nearly reached Baghdad but then suffered a defeat by the Abbasids.