The Polychaeta or polychaetes are a paraphyletic class of annelid worms, generally marine. Each body segment has a pair of fleshy protrusions called parapodia that bear many bristles, called chaetae, which are made of chitin. Indeed, polychaetes are sometimes referred to as bristle worms. More than 10,000 species are described in this class. Common representatives include the lugworm (Arenicola marina) and the sandworm or clam wormAlitta.
Polychaetes as a class are robust and widespread, with species that live in the coldest ocean temperatures of the abyssal plain, to forms which tolerate the extreme high temperatures near hydrothermal vents. Polychaetes occur throughout the Earth's oceans at all depths, from forms that live as plankton near the surface, to a 2- to 3-cm specimen (still unclassified) observed by the robot ocean probe Nereus at the bottom of the Challenger Deep, the deepest known spot in the Earth's oceans. Only 168 species (less than 2% of all polychaetes) are known from fresh waters.
Polychaete worms in the deep sea are among the most diverse organisms in the ocean. From giant tube worms and Pompeii worms at deep sea vents, to the ghostly tomopteris in the twilight zone, they display a number of unique adaptations in order to survive the extreme conditions.
Some secrete a giant mucus net around themselves in order to do so. Here in the midwater zone, far from both the surface and the sea floor, polychaete’s adaptations appear even more unique. Flota and swima worms both move by undulating their bodies and beating their paddle-like appendages. Far stranger is tomopteris - the dancing bristle worm - which propels itself with its large parapodia.
A common feature you might have noticed is that many of the worms that inhabit the open ocean are transparent. This is becau...
published: 19 Jan 2021
We Finally Found the Elusive Bristle Worm!
Go to https://curiositystream.com/microcosmos to start streaming The Science of Cute. Use code "Microcosmos" to sign up -- just $14.99 for the year.
We’ve spent most of our journey through the microcosmos seeking out the organisms that are too small to see with just the human eye. The bacteria, the ciliates, the tardigrades. Part of what makes them so exciting to find is that they are so tiny. Every moment we spend with one of these organisms is a peek into something exceptional in our experience of the world, and it’s the result of how much work James, our master of microscopes, has put into hunting down as many microbes as he can.
Follow Journey to the Microcosmos:
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published: 02 May 2022
The Amazing World of Polychaetes
A brief introduction into marine worms: their classifications, characteristics, anatomy, and feeding types.
Thank you to Professor Drew Harvell for her instruction and to Mrs. Susan Lynch for funding the Cornell Ocean Research Apprenticeship for Lynch Scholars.
published: 14 Apr 2020
Weird and wonderful deep-sea worms
Polychaete worms are common in the ocean. These worms have segmented bodies with paddle-like feet or parapodia on each segment. Most have bristles, or chaetae, that they use for defense, crawling, or swimming. Approximately 8,000 species have been described so far, but many new species are still being discovered. Some of the most beautiful and amazing polychaetes can be found in the midwater.
In memory of Kristian Fauchald.
Video script/narration/editing: Kyra Schlining
Music: Inge Chiles (http://ings.bandcamp.com)
Production support: Kim Fulton-Bennett, Nancy Jacobsen Stout, Linda Kuhnz, Lonny Lundsten, Karen Osborn, Susan vonThun
Special thanks to Karen Osborn, Steve Haddock, Kande Williston, and Wikimedia for still images.
Bioluminescence footage courtesy of NHK, Japan.
For more inf...
Polychaete worms in the deep sea are among the most diverse organisms in the ocean. From giant tube worms and Pompeii worms at deep sea vents, to the ghostly to...
Polychaete worms in the deep sea are among the most diverse organisms in the ocean. From giant tube worms and Pompeii worms at deep sea vents, to the ghostly tomopteris in the twilight zone, they display a number of unique adaptations in order to survive the extreme conditions.
Some secrete a giant mucus net around themselves in order to do so. Here in the midwater zone, far from both the surface and the sea floor, polychaete’s adaptations appear even more unique. Flota and swima worms both move by undulating their bodies and beating their paddle-like appendages. Far stranger is tomopteris - the dancing bristle worm - which propels itself with its large parapodia.
A common feature you might have noticed is that many of the worms that inhabit the open ocean are transparent. This is because there is no concealment in the midwater zone, and so some worms like the green bomber worm have adapted to use bioluminescence as a way to startle and distract predators. When threatened, they explode their light-producing organs called photophores, dropping a kind of bioluminescent bomb.
00:00 - Introduction
00:37 - What are Polychaete Worms?
01:02 - Pompeii Worms at Deep Sea Vents
01:50 - Symbiosis: Pompeii Worms and Bacteria
02:29 - Polychaete Worms in the Midwater Zone
02:48 - Adaptations of Polychaete Worms
03:17 - Adaptations of Tomopteris
03:30 - Why Polychaete Worms are Transparent
03:42 - Bioluminescence in Green Bomber Worms
04:02 - The Role of Polychaetes in the Nutrient Cycle
04:23 - Deep Sea Worms at Whale-Falls
04:41 - The Bone-Eating Osedax Worm
05:21 - Conclusion: The Importance of Polychaete Worms
05:52 - The Deep Sea Hub
DEEP SEA HUB: https://naturalworldfacts.com/deep-sea-hub/
Footage used is from MBARI, OceanX, the Ocean Exploration Institute and the Schmidt Ocean Institute.
Music Used:
Stairway - Patrick Patrikios
The Principle of Inner Necessity - Savfk
#deepsea #wildlife #nature #documentary #ocean #marinebiology #science #biology
Resources:
https://serc.carleton.edu/microbelife/topics/marinesymbiosis/pompeii.html
https://scribol.com/environment/animals-environment/the-pompeii-worm-the-most-fireproof-animal-on-earth/5/?as=799&asv=1
Polychaete worms in the deep sea are among the most diverse organisms in the ocean. From giant tube worms and Pompeii worms at deep sea vents, to the ghostly tomopteris in the twilight zone, they display a number of unique adaptations in order to survive the extreme conditions.
Some secrete a giant mucus net around themselves in order to do so. Here in the midwater zone, far from both the surface and the sea floor, polychaete’s adaptations appear even more unique. Flota and swima worms both move by undulating their bodies and beating their paddle-like appendages. Far stranger is tomopteris - the dancing bristle worm - which propels itself with its large parapodia.
A common feature you might have noticed is that many of the worms that inhabit the open ocean are transparent. This is because there is no concealment in the midwater zone, and so some worms like the green bomber worm have adapted to use bioluminescence as a way to startle and distract predators. When threatened, they explode their light-producing organs called photophores, dropping a kind of bioluminescent bomb.
00:00 - Introduction
00:37 - What are Polychaete Worms?
01:02 - Pompeii Worms at Deep Sea Vents
01:50 - Symbiosis: Pompeii Worms and Bacteria
02:29 - Polychaete Worms in the Midwater Zone
02:48 - Adaptations of Polychaete Worms
03:17 - Adaptations of Tomopteris
03:30 - Why Polychaete Worms are Transparent
03:42 - Bioluminescence in Green Bomber Worms
04:02 - The Role of Polychaetes in the Nutrient Cycle
04:23 - Deep Sea Worms at Whale-Falls
04:41 - The Bone-Eating Osedax Worm
05:21 - Conclusion: The Importance of Polychaete Worms
05:52 - The Deep Sea Hub
DEEP SEA HUB: https://naturalworldfacts.com/deep-sea-hub/
Footage used is from MBARI, OceanX, the Ocean Exploration Institute and the Schmidt Ocean Institute.
Music Used:
Stairway - Patrick Patrikios
The Principle of Inner Necessity - Savfk
#deepsea #wildlife #nature #documentary #ocean #marinebiology #science #biology
Resources:
https://serc.carleton.edu/microbelife/topics/marinesymbiosis/pompeii.html
https://scribol.com/environment/animals-environment/the-pompeii-worm-the-most-fireproof-animal-on-earth/5/?as=799&asv=1
Go to https://curiositystream.com/microcosmos to start streaming The Science of Cute. Use code "Microcosmos" to sign up -- just $14.99 for the year.
We’ve spen...
Go to https://curiositystream.com/microcosmos to start streaming The Science of Cute. Use code "Microcosmos" to sign up -- just $14.99 for the year.
We’ve spent most of our journey through the microcosmos seeking out the organisms that are too small to see with just the human eye. The bacteria, the ciliates, the tardigrades. Part of what makes them so exciting to find is that they are so tiny. Every moment we spend with one of these organisms is a peek into something exceptional in our experience of the world, and it’s the result of how much work James, our master of microscopes, has put into hunting down as many microbes as he can.
Follow Journey to the Microcosmos:
Twitter: https://twitter.com/journeytomicro
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/JourneyToMicro
Support the Microcosmos:
http://www.patreon.com/journeytomicro
More from Jam’s Germs:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/jam_and_germs
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCn4UedbiTeN96izf-CxEPbg
Hosted by Hank Green:
Twitter: https://twitter.com/hankgreen
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/vlogbrothers
Music by Andrew Huang:
https://www.youtube.com/andrewhuang
Journey to the Microcosmos is a Complexly production.
Find out more at https://www.complexly.com
Stock video from:
https://www.videoblocks.com
SOURCES:
https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/annelida/polyintro.html
https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Polychaeta/
http://plymsea.ac.uk/id/eprint/373/1/NotesontheecologyofCirratulus(Audouinia)tentaculatus(Montagu)..pdf(http://plymsea.ac.uk/id/eprint/373/1/NotesontheecologyofCirratulus%28Audouinia%29tentaculatus%28Montagu%29..pdf)
http://www.seawater.no/fauna/annelida/cirratus.html
http://www.thecephalopodpage.org/MarineInvertebrateZoology/Eupolymniacrassicornis.html
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/14-fun-facts-about-marine-bristle-worms-180955773/
https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/annelida/polymm.html
This video has been dubbed into Spanish (United States) using an artificial voice via https://aloud.area120.google.com to increase accessibility. You can change the audio track language in the Settings menu.
Go to https://curiositystream.com/microcosmos to start streaming The Science of Cute. Use code "Microcosmos" to sign up -- just $14.99 for the year.
We’ve spent most of our journey through the microcosmos seeking out the organisms that are too small to see with just the human eye. The bacteria, the ciliates, the tardigrades. Part of what makes them so exciting to find is that they are so tiny. Every moment we spend with one of these organisms is a peek into something exceptional in our experience of the world, and it’s the result of how much work James, our master of microscopes, has put into hunting down as many microbes as he can.
Follow Journey to the Microcosmos:
Twitter: https://twitter.com/journeytomicro
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/JourneyToMicro
Support the Microcosmos:
http://www.patreon.com/journeytomicro
More from Jam’s Germs:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/jam_and_germs
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCn4UedbiTeN96izf-CxEPbg
Hosted by Hank Green:
Twitter: https://twitter.com/hankgreen
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/vlogbrothers
Music by Andrew Huang:
https://www.youtube.com/andrewhuang
Journey to the Microcosmos is a Complexly production.
Find out more at https://www.complexly.com
Stock video from:
https://www.videoblocks.com
SOURCES:
https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/annelida/polyintro.html
https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Polychaeta/
http://plymsea.ac.uk/id/eprint/373/1/NotesontheecologyofCirratulus(Audouinia)tentaculatus(Montagu)..pdf(http://plymsea.ac.uk/id/eprint/373/1/NotesontheecologyofCirratulus%28Audouinia%29tentaculatus%28Montagu%29..pdf)
http://www.seawater.no/fauna/annelida/cirratus.html
http://www.thecephalopodpage.org/MarineInvertebrateZoology/Eupolymniacrassicornis.html
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/14-fun-facts-about-marine-bristle-worms-180955773/
https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/annelida/polymm.html
This video has been dubbed into Spanish (United States) using an artificial voice via https://aloud.area120.google.com to increase accessibility. You can change the audio track language in the Settings menu.
A brief introduction into marine worms: their classifications, characteristics, anatomy, and feeding types.
Thank you to Professor Drew Harvell for her instruc...
A brief introduction into marine worms: their classifications, characteristics, anatomy, and feeding types.
Thank you to Professor Drew Harvell for her instruction and to Mrs. Susan Lynch for funding the Cornell Ocean Research Apprenticeship for Lynch Scholars.
A brief introduction into marine worms: their classifications, characteristics, anatomy, and feeding types.
Thank you to Professor Drew Harvell for her instruction and to Mrs. Susan Lynch for funding the Cornell Ocean Research Apprenticeship for Lynch Scholars.
Polychaete worms are common in the ocean. These worms have segmented bodies with paddle-like feet or parapodia on each segment. Most have bristles, or chaetae, ...
Polychaete worms are common in the ocean. These worms have segmented bodies with paddle-like feet or parapodia on each segment. Most have bristles, or chaetae, that they use for defense, crawling, or swimming. Approximately 8,000 species have been described so far, but many new species are still being discovered. Some of the most beautiful and amazing polychaetes can be found in the midwater.
In memory of Kristian Fauchald.
Video script/narration/editing: Kyra Schlining
Music: Inge Chiles (http://ings.bandcamp.com)
Production support: Kim Fulton-Bennett, Nancy Jacobsen Stout, Linda Kuhnz, Lonny Lundsten, Karen Osborn, Susan vonThun
Special thanks to Karen Osborn, Steve Haddock, Kande Williston, and Wikimedia for still images.
Bioluminescence footage courtesy of NHK, Japan.
For more information:
http://www.mbari.org/news/homepage/2015/polychaetes/polychaete-day.html
http://www.mbari.org/news/homepage/2007/pworm.html
Polychaete worms are common in the ocean. These worms have segmented bodies with paddle-like feet or parapodia on each segment. Most have bristles, or chaetae, that they use for defense, crawling, or swimming. Approximately 8,000 species have been described so far, but many new species are still being discovered. Some of the most beautiful and amazing polychaetes can be found in the midwater.
In memory of Kristian Fauchald.
Video script/narration/editing: Kyra Schlining
Music: Inge Chiles (http://ings.bandcamp.com)
Production support: Kim Fulton-Bennett, Nancy Jacobsen Stout, Linda Kuhnz, Lonny Lundsten, Karen Osborn, Susan vonThun
Special thanks to Karen Osborn, Steve Haddock, Kande Williston, and Wikimedia for still images.
Bioluminescence footage courtesy of NHK, Japan.
For more information:
http://www.mbari.org/news/homepage/2015/polychaetes/polychaete-day.html
http://www.mbari.org/news/homepage/2007/pworm.html
Polychaete worms in the deep sea are among the most diverse organisms in the ocean. From giant tube worms and Pompeii worms at deep sea vents, to the ghostly tomopteris in the twilight zone, they display a number of unique adaptations in order to survive the extreme conditions.
Some secrete a giant mucus net around themselves in order to do so. Here in the midwater zone, far from both the surface and the sea floor, polychaete’s adaptations appear even more unique. Flota and swima worms both move by undulating their bodies and beating their paddle-like appendages. Far stranger is tomopteris - the dancing bristle worm - which propels itself with its large parapodia.
A common feature you might have noticed is that many of the worms that inhabit the open ocean are transparent. This is because there is no concealment in the midwater zone, and so some worms like the green bomber worm have adapted to use bioluminescence as a way to startle and distract predators. When threatened, they explode their light-producing organs called photophores, dropping a kind of bioluminescent bomb.
00:00 - Introduction
00:37 - What are Polychaete Worms?
01:02 - Pompeii Worms at Deep Sea Vents
01:50 - Symbiosis: Pompeii Worms and Bacteria
02:29 - Polychaete Worms in the Midwater Zone
02:48 - Adaptations of Polychaete Worms
03:17 - Adaptations of Tomopteris
03:30 - Why Polychaete Worms are Transparent
03:42 - Bioluminescence in Green Bomber Worms
04:02 - The Role of Polychaetes in the Nutrient Cycle
04:23 - Deep Sea Worms at Whale-Falls
04:41 - The Bone-Eating Osedax Worm
05:21 - Conclusion: The Importance of Polychaete Worms
05:52 - The Deep Sea Hub
DEEP SEA HUB: https://naturalworldfacts.com/deep-sea-hub/
Footage used is from MBARI, OceanX, the Ocean Exploration Institute and the Schmidt Ocean Institute.
Music Used:
Stairway - Patrick Patrikios
The Principle of Inner Necessity - Savfk
#deepsea #wildlife #nature #documentary #ocean #marinebiology #science #biology
Resources:
https://serc.carleton.edu/microbelife/topics/marinesymbiosis/pompeii.html
https://scribol.com/environment/animals-environment/the-pompeii-worm-the-most-fireproof-animal-on-earth/5/?as=799&asv=1
Go to https://curiositystream.com/microcosmos to start streaming The Science of Cute. Use code "Microcosmos" to sign up -- just $14.99 for the year.
We’ve spent most of our journey through the microcosmos seeking out the organisms that are too small to see with just the human eye. The bacteria, the ciliates, the tardigrades. Part of what makes them so exciting to find is that they are so tiny. Every moment we spend with one of these organisms is a peek into something exceptional in our experience of the world, and it’s the result of how much work James, our master of microscopes, has put into hunting down as many microbes as he can.
Follow Journey to the Microcosmos:
Twitter: https://twitter.com/journeytomicro
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/JourneyToMicro
Support the Microcosmos:
http://www.patreon.com/journeytomicro
More from Jam’s Germs:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/jam_and_germs
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCn4UedbiTeN96izf-CxEPbg
Hosted by Hank Green:
Twitter: https://twitter.com/hankgreen
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/vlogbrothers
Music by Andrew Huang:
https://www.youtube.com/andrewhuang
Journey to the Microcosmos is a Complexly production.
Find out more at https://www.complexly.com
Stock video from:
https://www.videoblocks.com
SOURCES:
https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/annelida/polyintro.html
https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Polychaeta/
http://plymsea.ac.uk/id/eprint/373/1/NotesontheecologyofCirratulus(Audouinia)tentaculatus(Montagu)..pdf(http://plymsea.ac.uk/id/eprint/373/1/NotesontheecologyofCirratulus%28Audouinia%29tentaculatus%28Montagu%29..pdf)
http://www.seawater.no/fauna/annelida/cirratus.html
http://www.thecephalopodpage.org/MarineInvertebrateZoology/Eupolymniacrassicornis.html
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/14-fun-facts-about-marine-bristle-worms-180955773/
https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/annelida/polymm.html
This video has been dubbed into Spanish (United States) using an artificial voice via https://aloud.area120.google.com to increase accessibility. You can change the audio track language in the Settings menu.
A brief introduction into marine worms: their classifications, characteristics, anatomy, and feeding types.
Thank you to Professor Drew Harvell for her instruction and to Mrs. Susan Lynch for funding the Cornell Ocean Research Apprenticeship for Lynch Scholars.
Polychaete worms are common in the ocean. These worms have segmented bodies with paddle-like feet or parapodia on each segment. Most have bristles, or chaetae, that they use for defense, crawling, or swimming. Approximately 8,000 species have been described so far, but many new species are still being discovered. Some of the most beautiful and amazing polychaetes can be found in the midwater.
In memory of Kristian Fauchald.
Video script/narration/editing: Kyra Schlining
Music: Inge Chiles (http://ings.bandcamp.com)
Production support: Kim Fulton-Bennett, Nancy Jacobsen Stout, Linda Kuhnz, Lonny Lundsten, Karen Osborn, Susan vonThun
Special thanks to Karen Osborn, Steve Haddock, Kande Williston, and Wikimedia for still images.
Bioluminescence footage courtesy of NHK, Japan.
For more information:
http://www.mbari.org/news/homepage/2015/polychaetes/polychaete-day.html
http://www.mbari.org/news/homepage/2007/pworm.html
The Polychaeta or polychaetes are a paraphyletic class of annelid worms, generally marine. Each body segment has a pair of fleshy protrusions called parapodia that bear many bristles, called chaetae, which are made of chitin. Indeed, polychaetes are sometimes referred to as bristle worms. More than 10,000 species are described in this class. Common representatives include the lugworm (Arenicola marina) and the sandworm or clam wormAlitta.
Polychaetes as a class are robust and widespread, with species that live in the coldest ocean temperatures of the abyssal plain, to forms which tolerate the extreme high temperatures near hydrothermal vents. Polychaetes occur throughout the Earth's oceans at all depths, from forms that live as plankton near the surface, to a 2- to 3-cm specimen (still unclassified) observed by the robot ocean probe Nereus at the bottom of the Challenger Deep, the deepest known spot in the Earth's oceans. Only 168 species (less than 2% of all polychaetes) are known from fresh waters.
"The burning flames... behind this cold black stone A scared child... dropped his rage on them A desperate Need... Hate is screaming inside What else to come?... A divined Promise... Words that have been written in blood A Black misty vision... The description of life