-
Planck's Constant and BlackBody Radiation
This video provides a basic introduction into planck's constant and blackbody radiation. Planck's constant is very useful in calculating the energy of a photon given the frequency. This equation shows that energy is quantized. It is not continuous but can only exist in discrete values.
Ray Diagrams:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBOzdoIsOEI
The Huygens Principle:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ANsHXbIoA6U
Young's Double Slit Experiment:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xaAthgG0o8o
Single Slit Diffraction:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hCrhllI0ck
Diffraction Grating Problems:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gf7j2fumz70
Polarization of Light Problems:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=guqs0uXFpiU
____________________________
Brewster's Angle:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqXR...
published: 20 Aug 2022
-
Planck's Constant and The Origin of Quantum Mechanics | Space Time | PBS Digital Studios
To check out any of the lectures available from Great Courses Plus go to http://ow.ly/K9mK301cRdj and get ready to learn about everything from cooking to calculus.
Previous episode on Quantum Tunneling and the de Broglie Wavelength: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-IfmgyXs7z8
Get your own Space Time tshirt at http://bit.ly/1QlzoBi
Tweet at us! @pbsspacetime
Facebook: facebook.com/pbsspacetime
Email us! pbsspacetime [at] gmail [dot] com
Comment on Reddit: http://www.reddit.com/r/pbsspacetime
Support us on Patreon! http://www.patreon.com/pbsspacetime
Help translate our videos! http://www.youtube.com/timedtext_cs_panel?tab=2&c=UC7_gcs09iThXybpVgjHZ_7g
Planck's Length is the length below which the concept of length loses its meaning. What exactly does that mean and what are the incredibl...
published: 22 Jun 2016
-
Origin of Plank's Constant | Birth of Quantum Mechanics | PHYSICA
#Physica #Planks #constant #Origin
#PHYSICA
An Initiative by a group of IIT Roorkee Scholars.
Providing Free Education and Knowledge through Quality Youtube videos is our goal!
Copyright Disclaimer under Section 107 of the copyright act 1976, allowance is made for fair use for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favour of fair use.
published: 13 Mar 2020
-
What is Planck's constant? | Birth of Quantum Mechanics | Transforming physics
To understand Planck’s constant, we need to understand light. Light behaves with something called wave-particle duality. Sometimes it exhibits wave characteristics and sometimes it exhibits particle characteristics. Unfortunately, calling it one or the other would be an incomplete description, as it is really both at the same time.
Before Max Planck performed his famous experiment with a black-body radiator in the late 1800s, every respected scientist thought light was a wave. If you have studied waves, you will know that waves exhibit certain behaviors, including reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference. Scientists had shown that light exhibited all these characteristics and therefore classified it as a wave. Thus, scientists assumed, a light wave could be defined easily by ...
published: 19 Jul 2020
-
Visualizing the Planck Length. Why is it the Smallest Length in the Universe?
Visualizing the smallest size in the universe – Planck Length & why you can’t go smaller
Visualizing Planck length – why is it the smallest in the universe? Graphics courtesy of Michael and Cary Huang: http://www.htwins.net/
The scale of the universe is bigger than you can imagine. It is also smaller than you can imagine. The smallest lenth theorized to be possible, the Planck length is about 4 X 10^-35 meters. Just imagine things that are about the size of your body. Things like the giant earthworm that lives along streams in Australia. Or a big beachball, which can be found near oceans and beaches all across America.
Now, lets go smaller by one order of magnitude, so now we are looking at things that are on the scale of about 10 centimeters. These are things like the shrew, or a ch...
published: 12 Oct 2019
-
Quantization of Energy Part 1: Blackbody Radiation and the Ultraviolet Catastrophe
So we know that physics got turned upside down at the turn of the 20th century, but how did that all begin? What was the first thing that set this whole chain of events into motion? Well it all started with Max Planck, blackbody radiation, and the ultraviolet catastrophe. Gather round, children. Let me tell you a tale...
Watch the whole Modern Physics playlist: http://bit.ly/ProfDavePhysics2
Classical Physics Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDavePhysics1
Mathematics Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveMaths
General Chemistry Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveGenChem
Organic Chemistry Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveOrgChem
Biochemistry Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveBiochem
Biology Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveBio
EMAIL► [email protected]
PATREON► http://patreon.com/Profess...
published: 20 Apr 2017
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What is Planck constant? Explain Planck constant, Define Planck constant, Meaning of Planck constant
~~~ Planck constant ~~~
Title: What is Planck constant? Explain Planck constant, Define Planck constant, Meaning of Planck constant
Created on: 2018-08-15
Source Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planck_constant
------
Description: The Planck constant is a physical constant that is the quantum of action, central in quantum mechanics. First recognized in 1900 by Max Planck, it was conceived as the proportionality constant between the minimal increment of energy, E, of a hypothetical electrically charged oscillator in a cavity that contained black body radiation, and the frequency, f, of its associated electromagnetic wave. In 1905, the value E, the minimal energy increment of a hypothetical oscillator, was theoretically associated by Albert Einstein with a "quantum" or minimal element ...
published: 15 Aug 2018
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The Planck scale: Is there a fundamental limit to space and time?
This video explores the fundamental lower limits of space and time by considering what would happen if two electrons are squeezed closer and closer together. After discussing the ratio of electric and gravitational forces, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is combined with Einstein's theory of special relativity to show that at very small distance scales the strength of gravity becomes comparable to the electrostatic force. It is shown that when the two electrons are squeezed to a distance equal to the Planck length, a black hole form, placing a fundamental lower limit on the distances that can be meaningfully probed. It is shown that the Planck length, mass and time can all be derived using dimensional analysis and by combining the fundamental constants of quantum mechanics, relativity a...
published: 30 Dec 2020
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Planck's Constant and ħ = h/(2π) [h-bar]
Link to Quantum Playlist:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLl0eQOWl7mnWPTQF7lgLWZmb5obvOowVw
Planck's Constant and ħ are defined and compared.
#Quantum
#Planck
#hbar
#KonstantinLakic
published: 03 Dec 2020
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Photon Energy and the Planck Constant - IB Physics
Lecture on electromagnetic waves: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bxHs9I3lbZc
Lecture on electron-volts: https://youtu.be/y28qH0HhBLA
Lecture on the factor label method to convert units: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=viFfGjFw-C0
In this lecture I define a photon as both a wave and a particle of light, introduce the Planck Constant as a way we calculate the amount of energy a photon contains based on its frequency and wavelength, and give four examples of calculating the energy, frequency, and wavelength of a photon. I also explain how to convert a Joule to an electron volt (eV).
What it means for light to be both a wave and a particle: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J1yIApZtLos
0:00 Facts about photons
1:30 Photon energy
2:28 Planck Constant
3:58 Proving other energy equations
5:32...
published: 01 Nov 2020
8:59
Planck's Constant and BlackBody Radiation
This video provides a basic introduction into planck's constant and blackbody radiation. Planck's constant is very useful in calculating the energy of a photon...
This video provides a basic introduction into planck's constant and blackbody radiation. Planck's constant is very useful in calculating the energy of a photon given the frequency. This equation shows that energy is quantized. It is not continuous but can only exist in discrete values.
Ray Diagrams:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBOzdoIsOEI
The Huygens Principle:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ANsHXbIoA6U
Young's Double Slit Experiment:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xaAthgG0o8o
Single Slit Diffraction:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hCrhllI0ck
Diffraction Grating Problems:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gf7j2fumz70
Polarization of Light Problems:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=guqs0uXFpiU
____________________________
Brewster's Angle:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqXRrKHU74s
Planck's Constant and Blackbody Radiation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bF3WAOBejqg
Photon Momentum and Effective Mass:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Ycwm0Ybzh4
Wien's Law:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yCNcbkLFTFs
Compton Effect & Wavelength:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hzwykQ7KSRE
Physics 2 Final Exam Review:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oH_V1WipnmE
_________________________________
Final Exams and Video Playlists:
https://www.video-tutor.net/
Full-Length Videos and Worksheets:
https://www.patreon.com/MathScienceTutor/collections
https://wn.com/Planck's_Constant_And_Blackbody_Radiation
This video provides a basic introduction into planck's constant and blackbody radiation. Planck's constant is very useful in calculating the energy of a photon given the frequency. This equation shows that energy is quantized. It is not continuous but can only exist in discrete values.
Ray Diagrams:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBOzdoIsOEI
The Huygens Principle:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ANsHXbIoA6U
Young's Double Slit Experiment:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xaAthgG0o8o
Single Slit Diffraction:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hCrhllI0ck
Diffraction Grating Problems:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gf7j2fumz70
Polarization of Light Problems:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=guqs0uXFpiU
____________________________
Brewster's Angle:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqXRrKHU74s
Planck's Constant and Blackbody Radiation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bF3WAOBejqg
Photon Momentum and Effective Mass:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Ycwm0Ybzh4
Wien's Law:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yCNcbkLFTFs
Compton Effect & Wavelength:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hzwykQ7KSRE
Physics 2 Final Exam Review:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oH_V1WipnmE
_________________________________
Final Exams and Video Playlists:
https://www.video-tutor.net/
Full-Length Videos and Worksheets:
https://www.patreon.com/MathScienceTutor/collections
- published: 20 Aug 2022
- views: 114129
15:16
Planck's Constant and The Origin of Quantum Mechanics | Space Time | PBS Digital Studios
To check out any of the lectures available from Great Courses Plus go to http://ow.ly/K9mK301cRdj and get ready to learn about everything from cooking to calcul...
To check out any of the lectures available from Great Courses Plus go to http://ow.ly/K9mK301cRdj and get ready to learn about everything from cooking to calculus.
Previous episode on Quantum Tunneling and the de Broglie Wavelength: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-IfmgyXs7z8
Get your own Space Time tshirt at http://bit.ly/1QlzoBi
Tweet at us! @pbsspacetime
Facebook: facebook.com/pbsspacetime
Email us! pbsspacetime [at] gmail [dot] com
Comment on Reddit: http://www.reddit.com/r/pbsspacetime
Support us on Patreon! http://www.patreon.com/pbsspacetime
Help translate our videos! http://www.youtube.com/timedtext_cs_panel?tab=2&c=UC7_gcs09iThXybpVgjHZ_7g
Planck's Length is the length below which the concept of length loses its meaning. What exactly does that mean and what are the incredible implications this fact has upon our reality? To find out check out this episode of Space Time where Matt digs into the early history of quantum mechanics.
Written and hosted by Matt O’Dowd
Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com)
Comments by:
BrunoJMR
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgv2WWpm7_s&lc=z12wsxth5oa1fvgzy04ccjpwjq3jxhebbc0
Prasad Deshmukh
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgv2WWpm7_s&lc=z130zlxzpsnwudcfu22jc3go0yejelhrq04
Gary Palmer
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgv2WWpm7_s&lc=z125vb0ygumeyzv1b224vni5sxfler2uu
Ed Eggermont
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgv2WWpm7_s&lc=z12kehkorrqxffvng22utliaqknid3bht04
Dylan T
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgv2WWpm7_s&lc=z123yzaazwi3gl5ag04cgrqjlvexgxhrndo
https://wn.com/Planck's_Constant_And_The_Origin_Of_Quantum_Mechanics_|_Space_Time_|_Pbs_Digital_Studios
To check out any of the lectures available from Great Courses Plus go to http://ow.ly/K9mK301cRdj and get ready to learn about everything from cooking to calculus.
Previous episode on Quantum Tunneling and the de Broglie Wavelength: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-IfmgyXs7z8
Get your own Space Time tshirt at http://bit.ly/1QlzoBi
Tweet at us! @pbsspacetime
Facebook: facebook.com/pbsspacetime
Email us! pbsspacetime [at] gmail [dot] com
Comment on Reddit: http://www.reddit.com/r/pbsspacetime
Support us on Patreon! http://www.patreon.com/pbsspacetime
Help translate our videos! http://www.youtube.com/timedtext_cs_panel?tab=2&c=UC7_gcs09iThXybpVgjHZ_7g
Planck's Length is the length below which the concept of length loses its meaning. What exactly does that mean and what are the incredible implications this fact has upon our reality? To find out check out this episode of Space Time where Matt digs into the early history of quantum mechanics.
Written and hosted by Matt O’Dowd
Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com)
Comments by:
BrunoJMR
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgv2WWpm7_s&lc=z12wsxth5oa1fvgzy04ccjpwjq3jxhebbc0
Prasad Deshmukh
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgv2WWpm7_s&lc=z130zlxzpsnwudcfu22jc3go0yejelhrq04
Gary Palmer
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgv2WWpm7_s&lc=z125vb0ygumeyzv1b224vni5sxfler2uu
Ed Eggermont
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgv2WWpm7_s&lc=z12kehkorrqxffvng22utliaqknid3bht04
Dylan T
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgv2WWpm7_s&lc=z123yzaazwi3gl5ag04cgrqjlvexgxhrndo
- published: 22 Jun 2016
- views: 1920263
3:28
Origin of Plank's Constant | Birth of Quantum Mechanics | PHYSICA
#Physica #Planks #constant #Origin
#PHYSICA
An Initiative by a group of IIT Roorkee Scholars.
Providing Free Education and Knowledge through Quality Youtube v...
#Physica #Planks #constant #Origin
#PHYSICA
An Initiative by a group of IIT Roorkee Scholars.
Providing Free Education and Knowledge through Quality Youtube videos is our goal!
Copyright Disclaimer under Section 107 of the copyright act 1976, allowance is made for fair use for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favour of fair use.
https://wn.com/Origin_Of_Plank's_Constant_|_Birth_Of_Quantum_Mechanics_|_Physica
#Physica #Planks #constant #Origin
#PHYSICA
An Initiative by a group of IIT Roorkee Scholars.
Providing Free Education and Knowledge through Quality Youtube videos is our goal!
Copyright Disclaimer under Section 107 of the copyright act 1976, allowance is made for fair use for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favour of fair use.
- published: 13 Mar 2020
- views: 322837
4:06
What is Planck's constant? | Birth of Quantum Mechanics | Transforming physics
To understand Planck’s constant, we need to understand light. Light behaves with something called wave-particle duality. Sometimes it exhibits wave characterist...
To understand Planck’s constant, we need to understand light. Light behaves with something called wave-particle duality. Sometimes it exhibits wave characteristics and sometimes it exhibits particle characteristics. Unfortunately, calling it one or the other would be an incomplete description, as it is really both at the same time.
Before Max Planck performed his famous experiment with a black-body radiator in the late 1800s, every respected scientist thought light was a wave. If you have studied waves, you will know that waves exhibit certain behaviors, including reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference. Scientists had shown that light exhibited all these characteristics and therefore classified it as a wave. Thus, scientists assumed, a light wave could be defined easily by its frequency.
However, the wave model of light was unable to explain Planck’s black-body radiation experiment. When he graphed the spectral radiance (intensity of light emitted) versus the wavelength of the light emitted, he obtained a bell curve, which is more closely associated with light being a particle.
Completely befuddled, he resorted to curve-fitting. He assumed light was divided up into tiny, little particles called photons. He created an equation to describe the energy of these tiny little particles: E = hf, where E = energy of the photon, f = frequency of the light wave observed, and h = Planck’s constant (a number that varies based on the units).
This is the core of what Planck’s constant is. It is simply the ratio between the energy of a single photon in the observed light and the frequency of the light wave as a whole. This is what Wikipedia and all those other sources mean by saying that Planck’s constant is essential to the “quantization” of light - it just means that Planck’s constant helps describe these little particles, or photons of light.
NOTE: The description above may suggest that light waves are made up of photon particles. This is not exactly true. Photons behave as particles, but they also behave as waves and therefore you observe light as a wave. For more information, you can read about wave-particle duality online.
#plancksconstant
https://wn.com/What_Is_Planck's_Constant_|_Birth_Of_Quantum_Mechanics_|_Transforming_Physics
To understand Planck’s constant, we need to understand light. Light behaves with something called wave-particle duality. Sometimes it exhibits wave characteristics and sometimes it exhibits particle characteristics. Unfortunately, calling it one or the other would be an incomplete description, as it is really both at the same time.
Before Max Planck performed his famous experiment with a black-body radiator in the late 1800s, every respected scientist thought light was a wave. If you have studied waves, you will know that waves exhibit certain behaviors, including reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference. Scientists had shown that light exhibited all these characteristics and therefore classified it as a wave. Thus, scientists assumed, a light wave could be defined easily by its frequency.
However, the wave model of light was unable to explain Planck’s black-body radiation experiment. When he graphed the spectral radiance (intensity of light emitted) versus the wavelength of the light emitted, he obtained a bell curve, which is more closely associated with light being a particle.
Completely befuddled, he resorted to curve-fitting. He assumed light was divided up into tiny, little particles called photons. He created an equation to describe the energy of these tiny little particles: E = hf, where E = energy of the photon, f = frequency of the light wave observed, and h = Planck’s constant (a number that varies based on the units).
This is the core of what Planck’s constant is. It is simply the ratio between the energy of a single photon in the observed light and the frequency of the light wave as a whole. This is what Wikipedia and all those other sources mean by saying that Planck’s constant is essential to the “quantization” of light - it just means that Planck’s constant helps describe these little particles, or photons of light.
NOTE: The description above may suggest that light waves are made up of photon particles. This is not exactly true. Photons behave as particles, but they also behave as waves and therefore you observe light as a wave. For more information, you can read about wave-particle duality online.
#plancksconstant
- published: 19 Jul 2020
- views: 12507
9:58
Visualizing the Planck Length. Why is it the Smallest Length in the Universe?
Visualizing the smallest size in the universe – Planck Length & why you can’t go smaller
Visualizing Planck length – why is it the smallest in the universe? Gr...
Visualizing the smallest size in the universe – Planck Length & why you can’t go smaller
Visualizing Planck length – why is it the smallest in the universe? Graphics courtesy of Michael and Cary Huang: http://www.htwins.net/
The scale of the universe is bigger than you can imagine. It is also smaller than you can imagine. The smallest lenth theorized to be possible, the Planck length is about 4 X 10^-35 meters. Just imagine things that are about the size of your body. Things like the giant earthworm that lives along streams in Australia. Or a big beachball, which can be found near oceans and beaches all across America.
Now, lets go smaller by one order of magnitude, so now we are looking at things that are on the scale of about 10 centimeters. These are things like the shrew, or a chicken egg.
Now let’s go a thousand times smaller than the scale of a human being, on the order of 1 millimeter or one thousand of a meter. Here, you’ll find things like a grain of sand or dust mites.
Let’s go 1000 times smaller than this scale. Now we are going a hundred times smaller than the width of a human hair. And ten times smaller than even bacteria. Here, we are going to find things like large viruses.
Let’s keep going to 1000 times smaller this. This is nanometers, or one billionth of a meter. Now we are exploring a universe that we can’t see with optical telescopes. This is on the scale of the size of molecules like DNA and the glucose molecule, that your body uses as its source of energy. And the scale of the biggest atom – cesium.
Let’s go 1000 times smaller than this. This is one trillionth of a meter. This is on the order of the wavelength of gamma rays. This is the highest energy electromagnetic radiation, consisting of the most energetic photons.
Let’s go 1000 times smaller than this. This is 1X 10^-15 or one quadrillionth of a meter. This is the size of particles that make up the nucleus of all atoms, protons and neutrons. The size of a typical atom is however is 100,000 times bigger than its nucleus.
You would think that we are getting close to the smallest size theorized to exist – the plank length. But we are nowhere close. You have to go a quadrillion times smaller than one quadrillionth of a meter, or 1 X 10^-30 of meter….and you would still need to go another 100,000 times smaller than that, or 1 X 10^-35 meters. Then you would be at the plank length. In fact, if an atom was the size of the earth, a planck length would be smaller than the size of an atom – it would be about the size of a proton.
But What exactly is a Planck length and why is it the smallest length?
Planck length is actually derived from the fundamental constants of the universe that define the properties of space-time: The speed of light – c which signifies the maximum speed of communication in the universe. The gravitational constant – G, which signifies the magnitude of gravitational force between two massive objects. And the reduced Planck Constant – h bar, which links how much energy a photon carries depending on its electromagnetic frequency.
These are really the only constants that define the fundamental properties of the universe and all its contents. By taking different mathematical combinations of these constants, and reducing their units, you can get a length. By similar mathematical manipulation, you can also get planck time and planck energy.
But what does this length mean? Why is it significant?
It is the smallest length at which gravity would have an effect. It is the scale and size of the strings in string theory. It is also the scale at which space-time is theorized to become quantized in Loop quantum gravity theory.
So why is it the smallest length? In 1964, C Alden Mead determined that using the known laws of quantum mechanics and laws of gravitation, it is impossible to determine the position of an object to a precision smaller than the Planck length. So from what is currently known about quantum mechanics, a length smaller than the Planck length has no meaning.
Note that I said “known” laws. It is possible that at lengths smaller than the Planck scale, gravity or quantum mechanics behaves completely differently, that we may not yet know about. This is quite possible. So until we find out what happens at such small scales, we will need to wait for a future Einstein to reveal this to us.
One of the remarkable things about Planck length is that since it is derived from the fundamental constants of the universe, which by definition applies to everything, it will be the same no matter what language you might speak, what units you might use, or even what planet you might come from.
Ao, if we ever come across aliens from another world and compare notes, we both will have the same length for the smallest length possible in the universe.
#plancklength
https://wn.com/Visualizing_The_Planck_Length._Why_Is_It_The_Smallest_Length_In_The_Universe
Visualizing the smallest size in the universe – Planck Length & why you can’t go smaller
Visualizing Planck length – why is it the smallest in the universe? Graphics courtesy of Michael and Cary Huang: http://www.htwins.net/
The scale of the universe is bigger than you can imagine. It is also smaller than you can imagine. The smallest lenth theorized to be possible, the Planck length is about 4 X 10^-35 meters. Just imagine things that are about the size of your body. Things like the giant earthworm that lives along streams in Australia. Or a big beachball, which can be found near oceans and beaches all across America.
Now, lets go smaller by one order of magnitude, so now we are looking at things that are on the scale of about 10 centimeters. These are things like the shrew, or a chicken egg.
Now let’s go a thousand times smaller than the scale of a human being, on the order of 1 millimeter or one thousand of a meter. Here, you’ll find things like a grain of sand or dust mites.
Let’s go 1000 times smaller than this scale. Now we are going a hundred times smaller than the width of a human hair. And ten times smaller than even bacteria. Here, we are going to find things like large viruses.
Let’s keep going to 1000 times smaller this. This is nanometers, or one billionth of a meter. Now we are exploring a universe that we can’t see with optical telescopes. This is on the scale of the size of molecules like DNA and the glucose molecule, that your body uses as its source of energy. And the scale of the biggest atom – cesium.
Let’s go 1000 times smaller than this. This is one trillionth of a meter. This is on the order of the wavelength of gamma rays. This is the highest energy electromagnetic radiation, consisting of the most energetic photons.
Let’s go 1000 times smaller than this. This is 1X 10^-15 or one quadrillionth of a meter. This is the size of particles that make up the nucleus of all atoms, protons and neutrons. The size of a typical atom is however is 100,000 times bigger than its nucleus.
You would think that we are getting close to the smallest size theorized to exist – the plank length. But we are nowhere close. You have to go a quadrillion times smaller than one quadrillionth of a meter, or 1 X 10^-30 of meter….and you would still need to go another 100,000 times smaller than that, or 1 X 10^-35 meters. Then you would be at the plank length. In fact, if an atom was the size of the earth, a planck length would be smaller than the size of an atom – it would be about the size of a proton.
But What exactly is a Planck length and why is it the smallest length?
Planck length is actually derived from the fundamental constants of the universe that define the properties of space-time: The speed of light – c which signifies the maximum speed of communication in the universe. The gravitational constant – G, which signifies the magnitude of gravitational force between two massive objects. And the reduced Planck Constant – h bar, which links how much energy a photon carries depending on its electromagnetic frequency.
These are really the only constants that define the fundamental properties of the universe and all its contents. By taking different mathematical combinations of these constants, and reducing their units, you can get a length. By similar mathematical manipulation, you can also get planck time and planck energy.
But what does this length mean? Why is it significant?
It is the smallest length at which gravity would have an effect. It is the scale and size of the strings in string theory. It is also the scale at which space-time is theorized to become quantized in Loop quantum gravity theory.
So why is it the smallest length? In 1964, C Alden Mead determined that using the known laws of quantum mechanics and laws of gravitation, it is impossible to determine the position of an object to a precision smaller than the Planck length. So from what is currently known about quantum mechanics, a length smaller than the Planck length has no meaning.
Note that I said “known” laws. It is possible that at lengths smaller than the Planck scale, gravity or quantum mechanics behaves completely differently, that we may not yet know about. This is quite possible. So until we find out what happens at such small scales, we will need to wait for a future Einstein to reveal this to us.
One of the remarkable things about Planck length is that since it is derived from the fundamental constants of the universe, which by definition applies to everything, it will be the same no matter what language you might speak, what units you might use, or even what planet you might come from.
Ao, if we ever come across aliens from another world and compare notes, we both will have the same length for the smallest length possible in the universe.
#plancklength
- published: 12 Oct 2019
- views: 1901226
6:43
Quantization of Energy Part 1: Blackbody Radiation and the Ultraviolet Catastrophe
So we know that physics got turned upside down at the turn of the 20th century, but how did that all begin? What was the first thing that set this whole chain o...
So we know that physics got turned upside down at the turn of the 20th century, but how did that all begin? What was the first thing that set this whole chain of events into motion? Well it all started with Max Planck, blackbody radiation, and the ultraviolet catastrophe. Gather round, children. Let me tell you a tale...
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https://wn.com/Quantization_Of_Energy_Part_1_Blackbody_Radiation_And_The_Ultraviolet_Catastrophe
So we know that physics got turned upside down at the turn of the 20th century, but how did that all begin? What was the first thing that set this whole chain of events into motion? Well it all started with Max Planck, blackbody radiation, and the ultraviolet catastrophe. Gather round, children. Let me tell you a tale...
Watch the whole Modern Physics playlist: http://bit.ly/ProfDavePhysics2
Classical Physics Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDavePhysics1
Mathematics Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveMaths
General Chemistry Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveGenChem
Organic Chemistry Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveOrgChem
Biochemistry Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveBiochem
Biology Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveBio
EMAIL►
[email protected]
PATREON► http://patreon.com/ProfessorDaveExplains
Check out "Is This Wi-Fi Organic?", my book on disarming pseudoscience!
Amazon: https://amzn.to/2HtNpVH
Bookshop: https://bit.ly/39cKADM
Barnes and Noble: https://bit.ly/3pUjmrn
Book Depository: http://bit.ly/3aOVDlT
- published: 20 Apr 2017
- views: 1011118
1:02
What is Planck constant? Explain Planck constant, Define Planck constant, Meaning of Planck constant
~~~ Planck constant ~~~
Title: What is Planck constant? Explain Planck constant, Define Planck constant, Meaning of Planck constant
Created on: 2018-08-15
Sour...
~~~ Planck constant ~~~
Title: What is Planck constant? Explain Planck constant, Define Planck constant, Meaning of Planck constant
Created on: 2018-08-15
Source Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planck_constant
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Description: The Planck constant is a physical constant that is the quantum of action, central in quantum mechanics. First recognized in 1900 by Max Planck, it was conceived as the proportionality constant between the minimal increment of energy, E, of a hypothetical electrically charged oscillator in a cavity that contained black body radiation, and the frequency, f, of its associated electromagnetic wave. In 1905, the value E, the minimal energy increment of a hypothetical oscillator, was theoretically associated by
Albert Einstein with a "quantum" or minimal element of the energy of the electromagnetic wave itself. The light quantum behaved in some respects as an electrically neutral particle, as opposed to an electromagnetic wave. It was eventually called a photon.
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https://wn.com/What_Is_Planck_Constant_Explain_Planck_Constant,_Define_Planck_Constant,_Meaning_Of_Planck_Constant
~~~ Planck constant ~~~
Title: What is Planck constant? Explain Planck constant, Define Planck constant, Meaning of Planck constant
Created on: 2018-08-15
Source Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planck_constant
------
Description: The Planck constant is a physical constant that is the quantum of action, central in quantum mechanics. First recognized in 1900 by Max Planck, it was conceived as the proportionality constant between the minimal increment of energy, E, of a hypothetical electrically charged oscillator in a cavity that contained black body radiation, and the frequency, f, of its associated electromagnetic wave. In 1905, the value E, the minimal energy increment of a hypothetical oscillator, was theoretically associated by
Albert Einstein with a "quantum" or minimal element of the energy of the electromagnetic wave itself. The light quantum behaved in some respects as an electrically neutral particle, as opposed to an electromagnetic wave. It was eventually called a photon.
------
To see your favorite topic here, fill out this request form: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScU0dLbeWsc01IC0AaO8sgaSgxMFtvBL31c_pjnwEZUiq99Fw/viewform
------
Source: Wikipedia.org articles, adapted under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ license.
Support: Donations can be made from https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Ways_to_Give to support Wikimedia Foundation and knowledge sharing.
- published: 15 Aug 2018
- views: 36567
28:20
The Planck scale: Is there a fundamental limit to space and time?
This video explores the fundamental lower limits of space and time by considering what would happen if two electrons are squeezed closer and closer together. Af...
This video explores the fundamental lower limits of space and time by considering what would happen if two electrons are squeezed closer and closer together. After discussing the ratio of electric and gravitational forces, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is combined with Einstein's theory of special relativity to show that at very small distance scales the strength of gravity becomes comparable to the electrostatic force. It is shown that when the two electrons are squeezed to a distance equal to the Planck length, a black hole form, placing a fundamental lower limit on the distances that can be meaningfully probed. It is shown that the Planck length, mass and time can all be derived using dimensional analysis and by combining the fundamental constants of quantum mechanics, relativity and gravity.
References:
[1] Nima Arkani-Hamed. Space-time is doomed. Messenger lectures, Cornell, 2010. url: https://www.cornell.edu/video/nima-arkani-hamed- spacetime-is-doomed.
[2] Arkani-Hamed, “The future of fundamental physics”, Daedalus, Vol. 141, No. 3, Science in the 21st Century (Summer 2012), pp. 53-66 (14 pages)
[3] Hossenfelder, S. Minimal Length Scale Scenarios for Quantum Gravity. Living Rev. Relativ. 16, 2 (2013). https://doi.org/10.12942/lrr-2013-2
[4] Mead, C.A., “Possible Connection Between Gravitation and Fundamental Length”, Phys. Rev., 135, B849–B862 (1964).
[5] R. J.Adler, “Six easy roads to the Planck scale” Am. J. Phys.78, 925–932 (2010).
https://doi.org/10.1119/1.3439650
[6] Edward Witten. “Reflections on the Fate of Spacetime”. In: Physics Today 49.4 (1996), pp. 24–30.
[7] David Gross. “Einstein and the Quest for a Unified Theory”. In: Einstein for the 21st Century: His Legacy in Science, Art, and Modern Culture. Ed. by Galison P. L., Holton G., and Schweber S. S. Princeton University Press, 2008, 287–297. V
[8] Frank Wilczek; Scaling Mount Planck I: A View from the Bottom. Physics Today 1 June 2001; 54 (6): 12–13. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1387576
[8] L. J. Garay, “Quantum gravity and minimum length,” Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 10 (Mar, 1994) 145–166, arXiv:9403008Wdqqwd.
[9] Salecker, H. and Wigner, E.P., “Quantum limitations of the measurement of space-time distances”, Phys. Rev., 109, 571–577 (1958).
[10] Ng, Y.J. and van Dam, H., “Limitation to quantum measurements of space-time distances”, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 755, 579–584 (1995). [arXiv:hep-th/9406110].
[11] Low, A.M., “The Chandrasekhar Limit: A simplified approach, Phys. Educ. 58 045008
[12] M Srednicky, Quantum Field Theory, Cambridge University Press, 2007.
[13] Hobson, M., Efstathiou, G., & Lasenby, A. (2006). Frontmatter. In General Relativity: An Introduction for Physicists (pp. I-Vi). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[14] R. J. Adler, M. Bazin, and M. Schiffer, “Introduction to General Relativity,” (McGraw Hill, N. Y. 1965, second edition 1975)
[15] Gorelik, G.E., “Matvei Bronstein and quantum gravity: 70th anniversary of the unsolved problem”, Phys. Usp., 48, 1039–1053 (2005).
[16] Adler, R.J. and Santiago, D.I., “On gravity and the uncertainty principle”, Mod. Phys. Lett. A, 14, 1371 (1999). [DOI], [arXiv:gr-qc/9904026].
[17] Planck,M.,“Ueber irreversible Strahlungsvorgänge”,Ann.Phys.(Berlin),1,69(1900).
[18] Scardigli, F., “Generalised uncertainty principle in quantum gravity from micro-black hole gedanken experiment”, Physics Letters B, Volume 452, Issues 1–2, 1999
[19] Oriti.D, “Approaches to Quantum Gravity”, 2009, Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-0-521-86045-1.
A summary article of the video: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6552/acfe54
You can help support this channel via the Physics Explained Patreon account: https://www.patreon.com/physicsexplained
You can follow me on instagram: https://www.instagram.com/physics_explained_ig
You can follow me on Twitter: https://twitter.com/PhysicsExplain1
https://wn.com/The_Planck_Scale_Is_There_A_Fundamental_Limit_To_Space_And_Time
This video explores the fundamental lower limits of space and time by considering what would happen if two electrons are squeezed closer and closer together. After discussing the ratio of electric and gravitational forces, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is combined with Einstein's theory of special relativity to show that at very small distance scales the strength of gravity becomes comparable to the electrostatic force. It is shown that when the two electrons are squeezed to a distance equal to the Planck length, a black hole form, placing a fundamental lower limit on the distances that can be meaningfully probed. It is shown that the Planck length, mass and time can all be derived using dimensional analysis and by combining the fundamental constants of quantum mechanics, relativity and gravity.
References:
[1] Nima Arkani-Hamed. Space-time is doomed. Messenger lectures, Cornell, 2010. url: https://www.cornell.edu/video/nima-arkani-hamed- spacetime-is-doomed.
[2] Arkani-Hamed, “The future of fundamental physics”, Daedalus, Vol. 141, No. 3, Science in the 21st Century (Summer 2012), pp. 53-66 (14 pages)
[3] Hossenfelder, S. Minimal Length Scale Scenarios for Quantum Gravity. Living Rev. Relativ. 16, 2 (2013). https://doi.org/10.12942/lrr-2013-2
[4] Mead, C.A., “Possible Connection Between Gravitation and Fundamental Length”, Phys. Rev., 135, B849–B862 (1964).
[5] R. J.Adler, “Six easy roads to the Planck scale” Am. J. Phys.78, 925–932 (2010).
https://doi.org/10.1119/1.3439650
[6] Edward Witten. “Reflections on the Fate of Spacetime”. In: Physics Today 49.4 (1996), pp. 24–30.
[7] David Gross. “Einstein and the Quest for a Unified Theory”. In: Einstein for the 21st Century: His Legacy in Science, Art, and Modern Culture. Ed. by Galison P. L., Holton G., and Schweber S. S. Princeton University Press, 2008, 287–297. V
[8] Frank Wilczek; Scaling Mount Planck I: A View from the Bottom. Physics Today 1 June 2001; 54 (6): 12–13. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1387576
[8] L. J. Garay, “Quantum gravity and minimum length,” Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 10 (Mar, 1994) 145–166, arXiv:9403008Wdqqwd.
[9] Salecker, H. and Wigner, E.P., “Quantum limitations of the measurement of space-time distances”, Phys. Rev., 109, 571–577 (1958).
[10] Ng, Y.J. and van Dam, H., “Limitation to quantum measurements of space-time distances”, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 755, 579–584 (1995). [arXiv:hep-th/9406110].
[11] Low, A.M., “The Chandrasekhar Limit: A simplified approach, Phys. Educ. 58 045008
[12] M Srednicky, Quantum Field Theory, Cambridge University Press, 2007.
[13] Hobson, M., Efstathiou, G., & Lasenby, A. (2006). Frontmatter. In General Relativity: An Introduction for Physicists (pp. I-Vi). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[14] R. J. Adler, M. Bazin, and M. Schiffer, “Introduction to General Relativity,” (McGraw Hill, N. Y. 1965, second edition 1975)
[15] Gorelik, G.E., “Matvei Bronstein and quantum gravity: 70th anniversary of the unsolved problem”, Phys. Usp., 48, 1039–1053 (2005).
[16] Adler, R.J. and Santiago, D.I., “On gravity and the uncertainty principle”, Mod. Phys. Lett. A, 14, 1371 (1999). [DOI], [arXiv:gr-qc/9904026].
[17] Planck,M.,“Ueber irreversible Strahlungsvorgänge”,Ann.Phys.(Berlin),1,69(1900).
[18] Scardigli, F., “Generalised uncertainty principle in quantum gravity from micro-black hole gedanken experiment”, Physics Letters B, Volume 452, Issues 1–2, 1999
[19] Oriti.D, “Approaches to Quantum Gravity”, 2009, Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-0-521-86045-1.
A summary article of the video: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6552/acfe54
You can help support this channel via the Physics Explained Patreon account: https://www.patreon.com/physicsexplained
You can follow me on instagram: https://www.instagram.com/physics_explained_ig
You can follow me on Twitter: https://twitter.com/PhysicsExplain1
- published: 30 Dec 2020
- views: 875227
2:01
Planck's Constant and ħ = h/(2π) [h-bar]
Link to Quantum Playlist:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLl0eQOWl7mnWPTQF7lgLWZmb5obvOowVw
Planck's Constant and ħ are defined and compared.
#Quantum
#...
Link to Quantum Playlist:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLl0eQOWl7mnWPTQF7lgLWZmb5obvOowVw
Planck's Constant and ħ are defined and compared.
#Quantum
#Planck
#hbar
#KonstantinLakic
https://wn.com/Planck's_Constant_And_Ħ_H_(2Π)_H_Bar
Link to Quantum Playlist:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLl0eQOWl7mnWPTQF7lgLWZmb5obvOowVw
Planck's Constant and ħ are defined and compared.
#Quantum
#Planck
#hbar
#KonstantinLakic
- published: 03 Dec 2020
- views: 14955
9:19
Photon Energy and the Planck Constant - IB Physics
Lecture on electromagnetic waves: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bxHs9I3lbZc
Lecture on electron-volts: https://youtu.be/y28qH0HhBLA
Lecture on the factor la...
Lecture on electromagnetic waves: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bxHs9I3lbZc
Lecture on electron-volts: https://youtu.be/y28qH0HhBLA
Lecture on the factor label method to convert units: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=viFfGjFw-C0
In this lecture I define a photon as both a wave and a particle of light, introduce the Planck Constant as a way we calculate the amount of energy a photon contains based on its frequency and wavelength, and give four examples of calculating the energy, frequency, and wavelength of a photon. I also explain how to convert a Joule to an electron volt (eV).
What it means for light to be both a wave and a particle: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J1yIApZtLos
0:00 Facts about photons
1:30 Photon energy
2:28 Planck Constant
3:58 Proving other energy equations
5:32 Joules and Electron-Volts
6:00 Types of EM Waves
6:17 Example 1: Energy to Wavelength
7:17 Example 2: Energy to Frequency
8:04 Example 3: Wavelength to Energy
8:50 Example 4: Frequency to Energy
https://wn.com/Photon_Energy_And_The_Planck_Constant_Ib_Physics
Lecture on electromagnetic waves: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bxHs9I3lbZc
Lecture on electron-volts: https://youtu.be/y28qH0HhBLA
Lecture on the factor label method to convert units: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=viFfGjFw-C0
In this lecture I define a photon as both a wave and a particle of light, introduce the Planck Constant as a way we calculate the amount of energy a photon contains based on its frequency and wavelength, and give four examples of calculating the energy, frequency, and wavelength of a photon. I also explain how to convert a Joule to an electron volt (eV).
What it means for light to be both a wave and a particle: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J1yIApZtLos
0:00 Facts about photons
1:30 Photon energy
2:28 Planck Constant
3:58 Proving other energy equations
5:32 Joules and Electron-Volts
6:00 Types of EM Waves
6:17 Example 1: Energy to Wavelength
7:17 Example 2: Energy to Frequency
8:04 Example 3: Wavelength to Energy
8:50 Example 4: Frequency to Energy
- published: 01 Nov 2020
- views: 39793