-
Benjamin - Young And Restless
OFFICIAL MUSIC VIDEO FOR BENJAMIN - "YOUNG AND RESTLESS"
Spotify: http://spoti.fi/1AoqWP7
Itunes: https://itun.es/fi/DX7u7
Director & DP: Joonas Kenttämies
Producer: Jim Bergström
Producer: Bettina Bergström
Editor: Joonas Kenttämies
Sound design: Zac Winzurk
Colorist: Jussi Myllyniemi / Whitepoint
Art Director: Jim Bergström
Stunt Coordinator: Santiago Asgi Kermani
Stuntman 1: Sergio Perez Bernaldo
Stuntman 2: Robert George Olivares
Stuntman 3: Guillermo Ibañez
Stuntman 4: Brayan Lafebre
Girl: Marlenka Alvarez Lopez
Thank you: Rafael Mendiri / Warner Music Spain, Madrid Arte Del Desplazamiento facebook.com/MadridADD
Leather jacket by H&M
© 2015 Warner Music Finland
published: 16 Jul 2015
-
5G causes Coronavirus: BUSTED!!!
You can support this channel directly through patreon:
https://patreon.com/Thunderf00t
or at my amazon affiliate store:
https://www.amazon.com/shop/thunderf00t
or my other channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUrdmVprSahXaPKqr04VfgQ
download link for excel file
https://www.dropbox.com/transfer/AAAAAB6WPFhz4y4y3tV9hM5PbU1eBirAOGG8fq_Zk-sodVdkRradCNE
published: 05 Apr 2020
-
7 Kristin Lyng - Åpne værdata -- dine data
Inspirasjonsforedrag på #hack4no 2014. Formålet med en ignite er nettopp å antenne en stemning; dvs. inspirere. En ingite; lynforedrag eller Pecha Kucha; er en formidlingsform som er på vei inn i mange kreative miljøer. Sjekk YouTube -- søk etter "Pecha Kucha" (Wikipedia) eller "Ignite" (Wikipedia disambiguation page) for eksempler. Ignite / lynforedrag / Pecha Kucha er en konsentrert og målretta presentasjon av et tema. Formålet med denne igniten er å informere om hva en hackathon er, promotere fordelene med åpne data og hvilke gevinster som bruk av åpne data kan bidra til.
published: 19 Feb 2014
-
khaternaak viruses in 2022
published: 13 Aug 2022
-
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates inside the living cells of an organism.
Open main menu

Search
Virus
Article Talk
Language
Watch
Edit
This article is about the type of pathogen. For the type of malware, see Computer virus. For other uses, see Virus (disambiguation).
For a more accessible and less technical introduction to this topic, see Introduction to viruses.
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.[1] Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea.[2][3] Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898,[4] more than 9,000 virus species have been described in detail[5] of the millions of types of viru...
published: 24 Mar 2022
-
Reading and Writing Skills Ep.4 - Context, Intertext, and Hypertext
This is a very brief discussion on understanding the context in which a text is developed including intertextuality and hypertextuality.
published: 11 May 2021
-
Interesting Facts About 'Silence in the Library'! - Doctor Who Rewatch: Episode 50
Season 4 Episode 8 of my 'Doctor Who' rewatch!
Monday's episode is 'Forest of the Dead'!
MORE:
My Last Video:
Interesting Facts About 'The Unicorn and the Wasp'!
https://youtu.be/CoX1HTegSzg
Please consider becoming a patron!
https://www.patreon.com/WhatTravisSays
Or if you'd rather make a one-time donation,
PayPal: [email protected]
Stalk me for all sorts of #DoctorWho and other nerdy content!
http://www.twitter.com/WhatTravisSays
http://www.fb.com/WhatTravisSays
https://instagram.com/whattravissays
https://www.patreon.com/WhatTravisSays
Snapchat: WhatTravisSays
published: 25 Jul 2020
-
Vitamin C (also known as ascorbic acid and ascorbate) ind in citrus and other fruits and vegetables,
Open main menu

Search
Virus
Article Talk
Language
Watch
Edit
This article is about the type of pathogen. For the type of malware, see Computer virus. For other uses, see Virus (disambiguation).
For a more accessible and less technical introduction to this topic, see Introduction to viruses.
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.[1] Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea.[2][3] Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898,[4] more than 9,000 virus species have been described in detail[5] of the millions of types of viru...
published: 23 Mar 2022
-
A Reflective Essay about Viral Video
This video is will be talking about viral theory and it’s application in my own videos, adding to my critical reflection based on Berger’s six STEPPS of viral framework.
Written and Produced by Yue Yuan
Based on the work of:
Barzilai-Nahon, K. 2008. “Toward a Theory of Network Gatekeeping: A Framework for Exploring Information Control.” Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 59: 1493–512.
Berger, J 2016, Contagious : Why Things Catch On, n.p.: University of Liverpool Catalogue, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 January 2018.
Goffman, E. 1990. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York: Penguin Books.
Huberman, B. and L. Adamic. 2004. “Information Dynamics in the Networked World.” Lecture Notes in Physics 650: 371–98.
Nahon, K, & Hemsley, J 2013, Going V...
published: 16 Jan 2018
-
Who Cares Episode Seventeen: Doctor Who Season Five (1967-1968) Reflection
Myself, Alan Caylow and Ollie Pajak Reflect on all Seven Stories from Season Five of Doctor Who.
Starring Patrick Troughton, Frazer Hines, Deborah Watling and Wendy Padbury.
Written by Kit Pedler and Gerry Davis, Mervyn Haisman and Henry Lincoln, Brian Hayles, David Whitaker, Victor Pemberton.
Directed by Morris Barry, Gerald Blake, Derek Martinus, Barry Letts, Douglas Camfield, Hugh David, Tristan DeVere Cole.
"The Tomb of the Cybermen"
"The Abominable Snowmen"
"The Ice Warriors"
"The Enemy of the World"
"The Web of Fear"
"Fury From the Deep"
"The Wheel in Space"
(First Broadcast 2nd September 1967- 1st June 1968)
published: 23 Feb 2019
3:54
Benjamin - Young And Restless
OFFICIAL MUSIC VIDEO FOR BENJAMIN - "YOUNG AND RESTLESS"
Spotify: http://spoti.fi/1AoqWP7
Itunes: https://itun.es/fi/DX7u7
Director & DP: Joonas Kenttämies
Pr...
OFFICIAL MUSIC VIDEO FOR BENJAMIN - "YOUNG AND RESTLESS"
Spotify: http://spoti.fi/1AoqWP7
Itunes: https://itun.es/fi/DX7u7
Director & DP: Joonas Kenttämies
Producer: Jim Bergström
Producer: Bettina Bergström
Editor: Joonas Kenttämies
Sound design: Zac Winzurk
Colorist: Jussi Myllyniemi / Whitepoint
Art Director: Jim Bergström
Stunt Coordinator: Santiago Asgi Kermani
Stuntman 1: Sergio Perez Bernaldo
Stuntman 2: Robert George Olivares
Stuntman 3: Guillermo Ibañez
Stuntman 4: Brayan Lafebre
Girl: Marlenka Alvarez Lopez
Thank you: Rafael Mendiri / Warner Music Spain, Madrid Arte Del Desplazamiento facebook.com/MadridADD
Leather jacket by H&M
© 2015 Warner Music Finland
https://wn.com/Benjamin_Young_And_Restless
OFFICIAL MUSIC VIDEO FOR BENJAMIN - "YOUNG AND RESTLESS"
Spotify: http://spoti.fi/1AoqWP7
Itunes: https://itun.es/fi/DX7u7
Director & DP: Joonas Kenttämies
Producer: Jim Bergström
Producer: Bettina Bergström
Editor: Joonas Kenttämies
Sound design: Zac Winzurk
Colorist: Jussi Myllyniemi / Whitepoint
Art Director: Jim Bergström
Stunt Coordinator: Santiago Asgi Kermani
Stuntman 1: Sergio Perez Bernaldo
Stuntman 2: Robert George Olivares
Stuntman 3: Guillermo Ibañez
Stuntman 4: Brayan Lafebre
Girl: Marlenka Alvarez Lopez
Thank you: Rafael Mendiri / Warner Music Spain, Madrid Arte Del Desplazamiento facebook.com/MadridADD
Leather jacket by H&M
© 2015 Warner Music Finland
- published: 16 Jul 2015
- views: 2288523
26:58
5G causes Coronavirus: BUSTED!!!
You can support this channel directly through patreon:
https://patreon.com/Thunderf00t
or at my amazon affiliate store:
https://www.amazon.com/shop/thunderf...
You can support this channel directly through patreon:
https://patreon.com/Thunderf00t
or at my amazon affiliate store:
https://www.amazon.com/shop/thunderf00t
or my other channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUrdmVprSahXaPKqr04VfgQ
download link for excel file
https://www.dropbox.com/transfer/AAAAAB6WPFhz4y4y3tV9hM5PbU1eBirAOGG8fq_Zk-sodVdkRradCNE
https://wn.com/5G_Causes_Coronavirus_Busted
You can support this channel directly through patreon:
https://patreon.com/Thunderf00t
or at my amazon affiliate store:
https://www.amazon.com/shop/thunderf00t
or my other channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUrdmVprSahXaPKqr04VfgQ
download link for excel file
https://www.dropbox.com/transfer/AAAAAB6WPFhz4y4y3tV9hM5PbU1eBirAOGG8fq_Zk-sodVdkRradCNE
- published: 05 Apr 2020
- views: 208421
2:56
7 Kristin Lyng - Åpne værdata -- dine data
Inspirasjonsforedrag på #hack4no 2014. Formålet med en ignite er nettopp å antenne en stemning; dvs. inspirere. En ingite; lynforedrag eller Pecha Kucha; er en ...
Inspirasjonsforedrag på #hack4no 2014. Formålet med en ignite er nettopp å antenne en stemning; dvs. inspirere. En ingite; lynforedrag eller Pecha Kucha; er en formidlingsform som er på vei inn i mange kreative miljøer. Sjekk YouTube -- søk etter "Pecha Kucha" (Wikipedia) eller "Ignite" (Wikipedia disambiguation page) for eksempler. Ignite / lynforedrag / Pecha Kucha er en konsentrert og målretta presentasjon av et tema. Formålet med denne igniten er å informere om hva en hackathon er, promotere fordelene med åpne data og hvilke gevinster som bruk av åpne data kan bidra til.
https://wn.com/7_Kristin_Lyng_Åpne_Værdata_Dine_Data
Inspirasjonsforedrag på #hack4no 2014. Formålet med en ignite er nettopp å antenne en stemning; dvs. inspirere. En ingite; lynforedrag eller Pecha Kucha; er en formidlingsform som er på vei inn i mange kreative miljøer. Sjekk YouTube -- søk etter "Pecha Kucha" (Wikipedia) eller "Ignite" (Wikipedia disambiguation page) for eksempler. Ignite / lynforedrag / Pecha Kucha er en konsentrert og målretta presentasjon av et tema. Formålet med denne igniten er å informere om hva en hackathon er, promotere fordelene med åpne data og hvilke gevinster som bruk av åpne data kan bidra til.
- published: 19 Feb 2014
- views: 120
0:13
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates inside the living cells of an organism.
Open main menu

Search
Virus
Article Talk
Language
Watch
Edit
This article is about the type of pathogen. For the type of malware, see Computer virus. ...
Open main menu

Search
Virus
Article Talk
Language
Watch
Edit
This article is about the type of pathogen. For the type of malware, see Computer virus. For other uses, see Virus (disambiguation).
For a more accessible and less technical introduction to this topic, see Introduction to viruses.
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.[1] Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea.[2][3] Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898,[4] more than 9,000 virus species have been described in detail[5] of the millions of types of viruses in the environment.[6] Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity.[7][8] The study of viruses is known as virology, a subspeciality of microbiology.
VirusSARS-CoV-2, a member of the subfamily CoronavirinaeVirus classification(unranked):VirusRealms
Adnaviria
Duplodnaviria
Monodnaviria
Riboviria
Ribozyviria
Varidnaviria
When infected, a host cell is often forced to rapidly produce thousands of copies of the original virus. When not inside an infected cell or in the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent particles, or virions, consisting of (i) the genetic material, i.e., long molecules of DNA or RNA that encode the structure of the proteins by which the virus acts; (ii) a protein coat, the capsid, which surrounds and protects the genetic material; and in some cases (iii) an outside envelope of lipids. The shapes of these virus particles range from simple helical and icosahedral forms to more complex structures. Most virus species have virions too small to be seen with an optical microscope and are one-hundredth the size of most bacteria.
The origins of viruses in the evolutionary history of life are unclear: some may have evolved from plasmids—pieces of DNA that can move between cells—while others may have evolved from bacteria. In evolution, viruses are an important means of horizontal gene transfer, which increases genetic diversity in a way analogous to sexual reproduction.[9] Viruses are considered by some biologists to be a life form, because they carry genetic material, reproduce, and evolve through natural selection, although they lack the key characteristics, such as cell structure, that are generally considered necessary criteria for defining life. Because they possess some but not all such qualities, viruses have been described as "organisms at the edge of life",[10] and as replicators.[11]
Viruses spread in many ways. One transmission pathway is through disease-bearing organisms known as vectors: for example, viruses are often transmitted from plant to plant by insects that feed on plant sap, such as aphids; and viruses in animals can be carried by blood-sucking insects. Many viruses, including influenza viruses, SARS-CoV-2, chickenpox, smallpox, and measles, spread in the air by coughing and sneezing. Norovirus and rotavirus, common causes of viral gastroenteritis, are transmitted by the faecal–oral route, passed by hand-to-mouth contact or in food or water. The infectious dose of norovirus required to produce infection in humans is fewer than 100 particles.[12] HIV is one of several viruses transmitted through sexual contact and by exposure to infected blood. The variety of host cells that a virus can infect is called its "host range". This can be narrow, meaning a virus is capable of infecting few species, or broad, meaning it is capable of infecting many.[13]
Viral infections in animals provoke an immune response that usually eliminates the infecting virus. Immune responses can also be produced by vaccines, which confer an artificially acquired immunity to the specific viral infection. Some viruses, including those that cause HIV/AIDS, HPV infection, and viral hepatitis, evade these immune responses and result in chronic infections. Several classes of antiviral drugs have been developed.
Etymology
History
Origins
Microbiology
Classification
Role in human disease
Infection in other species
Role in aquatic ecosystems
Role in evolution
Applications
See also
References
External links
Last edited 10 days ago by FaultPicker

Content is available under CC BY-SA 3.0 unless otherwise noted.
Privacy policy
Terms of Use
Desktop
google search manjil mahal
from manjil mahal
https://wn.com/A_Virus_Is_A_Submicroscopic_Infectious_Agent_That_Replicates_Inside_The_Living_Cells_Of_An_Organism.
Open main menu

Search
Virus
Article Talk
Language
Watch
Edit
This article is about the type of pathogen. For the type of malware, see Computer virus. For other uses, see Virus (disambiguation).
For a more accessible and less technical introduction to this topic, see Introduction to viruses.
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.[1] Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea.[2][3] Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898,[4] more than 9,000 virus species have been described in detail[5] of the millions of types of viruses in the environment.[6] Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity.[7][8] The study of viruses is known as virology, a subspeciality of microbiology.
VirusSARS-CoV-2, a member of the subfamily CoronavirinaeVirus classification(unranked):VirusRealms
Adnaviria
Duplodnaviria
Monodnaviria
Riboviria
Ribozyviria
Varidnaviria
When infected, a host cell is often forced to rapidly produce thousands of copies of the original virus. When not inside an infected cell or in the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent particles, or virions, consisting of (i) the genetic material, i.e., long molecules of DNA or RNA that encode the structure of the proteins by which the virus acts; (ii) a protein coat, the capsid, which surrounds and protects the genetic material; and in some cases (iii) an outside envelope of lipids. The shapes of these virus particles range from simple helical and icosahedral forms to more complex structures. Most virus species have virions too small to be seen with an optical microscope and are one-hundredth the size of most bacteria.
The origins of viruses in the evolutionary history of life are unclear: some may have evolved from plasmids—pieces of DNA that can move between cells—while others may have evolved from bacteria. In evolution, viruses are an important means of horizontal gene transfer, which increases genetic diversity in a way analogous to sexual reproduction.[9] Viruses are considered by some biologists to be a life form, because they carry genetic material, reproduce, and evolve through natural selection, although they lack the key characteristics, such as cell structure, that are generally considered necessary criteria for defining life. Because they possess some but not all such qualities, viruses have been described as "organisms at the edge of life",[10] and as replicators.[11]
Viruses spread in many ways. One transmission pathway is through disease-bearing organisms known as vectors: for example, viruses are often transmitted from plant to plant by insects that feed on plant sap, such as aphids; and viruses in animals can be carried by blood-sucking insects. Many viruses, including influenza viruses, SARS-CoV-2, chickenpox, smallpox, and measles, spread in the air by coughing and sneezing. Norovirus and rotavirus, common causes of viral gastroenteritis, are transmitted by the faecal–oral route, passed by hand-to-mouth contact or in food or water. The infectious dose of norovirus required to produce infection in humans is fewer than 100 particles.[12] HIV is one of several viruses transmitted through sexual contact and by exposure to infected blood. The variety of host cells that a virus can infect is called its "host range". This can be narrow, meaning a virus is capable of infecting few species, or broad, meaning it is capable of infecting many.[13]
Viral infections in animals provoke an immune response that usually eliminates the infecting virus. Immune responses can also be produced by vaccines, which confer an artificially acquired immunity to the specific viral infection. Some viruses, including those that cause HIV/AIDS, HPV infection, and viral hepatitis, evade these immune responses and result in chronic infections. Several classes of antiviral drugs have been developed.
Etymology
History
Origins
Microbiology
Classification
Role in human disease
Infection in other species
Role in aquatic ecosystems
Role in evolution
Applications
See also
References
External links
Last edited 10 days ago by FaultPicker

Content is available under CC BY-SA 3.0 unless otherwise noted.
Privacy policy
Terms of Use
Desktop
google search manjil mahal
from manjil mahal
- published: 24 Mar 2022
- views: 22
7:03
Reading and Writing Skills Ep.4 - Context, Intertext, and Hypertext
This is a very brief discussion on understanding the context in which a text is developed including intertextuality and hypertextuality.
This is a very brief discussion on understanding the context in which a text is developed including intertextuality and hypertextuality.
https://wn.com/Reading_And_Writing_Skills_Ep.4_Context,_Intertext,_And_Hypertext
This is a very brief discussion on understanding the context in which a text is developed including intertextuality and hypertextuality.
- published: 11 May 2021
- views: 26988
2:42
Interesting Facts About 'Silence in the Library'! - Doctor Who Rewatch: Episode 50
Season 4 Episode 8 of my 'Doctor Who' rewatch!
Monday's episode is 'Forest of the Dead'!
MORE:
My Last Video:
Interesting Facts About 'The Unicorn and the Wasp...
Season 4 Episode 8 of my 'Doctor Who' rewatch!
Monday's episode is 'Forest of the Dead'!
MORE:
My Last Video:
Interesting Facts About 'The Unicorn and the Wasp'!
https://youtu.be/CoX1HTegSzg
Please consider becoming a patron!
https://www.patreon.com/WhatTravisSays
Or if you'd rather make a one-time donation,
PayPal:
[email protected]
Stalk me for all sorts of #DoctorWho and other nerdy content!
http://www.twitter.com/WhatTravisSays
http://www.fb.com/WhatTravisSays
https://instagram.com/whattravissays
https://www.patreon.com/WhatTravisSays
Snapchat: WhatTravisSays
https://wn.com/Interesting_Facts_About_'Silence_In_The_Library'_Doctor_Who_Rewatch_Episode_50
Season 4 Episode 8 of my 'Doctor Who' rewatch!
Monday's episode is 'Forest of the Dead'!
MORE:
My Last Video:
Interesting Facts About 'The Unicorn and the Wasp'!
https://youtu.be/CoX1HTegSzg
Please consider becoming a patron!
https://www.patreon.com/WhatTravisSays
Or if you'd rather make a one-time donation,
PayPal:
[email protected]
Stalk me for all sorts of #DoctorWho and other nerdy content!
http://www.twitter.com/WhatTravisSays
http://www.fb.com/WhatTravisSays
https://instagram.com/whattravissays
https://www.patreon.com/WhatTravisSays
Snapchat: WhatTravisSays
- published: 25 Jul 2020
- views: 613
0:11
Vitamin C (also known as ascorbic acid and ascorbate) ind in citrus and other fruits and vegetables,
Open main menu

Search
Virus
Article Talk
Language
Watch
Edit
This article is about the type of pathogen. For the type of malware, see Computer virus. ...
Open main menu

Search
Virus
Article Talk
Language
Watch
Edit
This article is about the type of pathogen. For the type of malware, see Computer virus. For other uses, see Virus (disambiguation).
For a more accessible and less technical introduction to this topic, see Introduction to viruses.
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.[1] Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea.[2][3] Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898,[4] more than 9,000 virus species have been described in detail[5] of the millions of types of viruses in the environment.[6] Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity.[7][8] The study of viruses is known as virology, a subspeciality of microbiology.
VirusSARS-CoV-2, a member of the subfamily CoronavirinaeVirus classification(unranked):VirusRealms
Adnaviria
Duplodnaviria
Monodnaviria
Riboviria
Ribozyviria
Varidnaviria
When infected, a host cell is often forced to rapidly produce thousands of copies of the original virus. When not inside an infected cell or in the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent particles, or virions, consisting of (i) the genetic material, i.e., long molecules of DNA or RNA that encode the structure of the proteins by which the virus acts; (ii) a protein coat, the capsid, which surrounds and protects the genetic material; and in some cases (iii) an outside envelope of lipids. The shapes of these virus particles range from simple helical and icosahedral forms to more complex structures. Most virus species have virions too small to be seen with an optical microscope and are one-hundredth the size of most bacteria.
The origins of viruses in the evolutionary history of life are unclear: some may have evolved from plasmids—pieces of DNA that can move between cells—while others may have evolved from bacteria. In evolution, viruses are an important means of horizontal gene transfer, which increases genetic diversity in a way analogous to sexual reproduction.[9] Viruses are considered by some biologists to be a life form, because they carry genetic material, reproduce, and evolve through natural selection, although they lack the key characteristics, such as cell structure, that are generally considered necessary criteria for defining life. Because they possess some but not all such qualities, viruses have been described as "organisms at the edge of life",[10] and as replicators.[11]
Viruses spread in many ways. One transmission pathway is through disease-bearing organisms known as vectors: for example, viruses are often transmitted from plant to plant by insects that feed on plant sap, such as aphids; and viruses in animals can be carried by blood-sucking insects. Many viruses, including influenza viruses, SARS-CoV-2, chickenpox, smallpox, and measles, spread in the air by coughing and sneezing. Norovirus and rotavirus, common causes of viral gastroenteritis, are transmitted by the faecal–oral route, passed by hand-to-mouth contact or in food or water. The infectious dose of norovirus required to produce infection in humans is fewer than 100 particles.[12] HIV is one of several viruses transmitted through sexual contact and by exposure to infected blood. The variety of host cells that a virus can infect is called its "host range". This can be narrow, meaning a virus is capable of infecting few species, or broad, meaning it is capable of infecting many.[13]
Viral infections in animals provoke an immune response that usually eliminates the infecting virus. Immune responses can also be produced by vaccines, which confer an artificially acquired immunity to the specific viral infection. Some viruses, including those that cause HIV/AIDS, HPV infection, and viral hepatitis, evade these immune responses and result in chronic infections. Several classes of antiviral drugs have been developed.
Etymology
History
Origins
Microbiology
Classification
Role in human disease
Infection in other species
Role in aquatic ecosystems
Role in evolution
Applications
See also
References
External links
Last edited 10 days ago by FaultPicker

Content is available under CC BY-SA 3.0 unless otherwise noted.
Privacy policy
Terms of Use
Desktop
google search manjil mahal
from manjil mahal
https://wn.com/Vitamin_C_(Also_Known_As_Ascorbic_Acid_And_Ascorbate)_Ind_In_Citrus_And_Other_Fruits_And_Vegetables,
Open main menu

Search
Virus
Article Talk
Language
Watch
Edit
This article is about the type of pathogen. For the type of malware, see Computer virus. For other uses, see Virus (disambiguation).
For a more accessible and less technical introduction to this topic, see Introduction to viruses.
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.[1] Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea.[2][3] Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898,[4] more than 9,000 virus species have been described in detail[5] of the millions of types of viruses in the environment.[6] Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity.[7][8] The study of viruses is known as virology, a subspeciality of microbiology.
VirusSARS-CoV-2, a member of the subfamily CoronavirinaeVirus classification(unranked):VirusRealms
Adnaviria
Duplodnaviria
Monodnaviria
Riboviria
Ribozyviria
Varidnaviria
When infected, a host cell is often forced to rapidly produce thousands of copies of the original virus. When not inside an infected cell or in the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent particles, or virions, consisting of (i) the genetic material, i.e., long molecules of DNA or RNA that encode the structure of the proteins by which the virus acts; (ii) a protein coat, the capsid, which surrounds and protects the genetic material; and in some cases (iii) an outside envelope of lipids. The shapes of these virus particles range from simple helical and icosahedral forms to more complex structures. Most virus species have virions too small to be seen with an optical microscope and are one-hundredth the size of most bacteria.
The origins of viruses in the evolutionary history of life are unclear: some may have evolved from plasmids—pieces of DNA that can move between cells—while others may have evolved from bacteria. In evolution, viruses are an important means of horizontal gene transfer, which increases genetic diversity in a way analogous to sexual reproduction.[9] Viruses are considered by some biologists to be a life form, because they carry genetic material, reproduce, and evolve through natural selection, although they lack the key characteristics, such as cell structure, that are generally considered necessary criteria for defining life. Because they possess some but not all such qualities, viruses have been described as "organisms at the edge of life",[10] and as replicators.[11]
Viruses spread in many ways. One transmission pathway is through disease-bearing organisms known as vectors: for example, viruses are often transmitted from plant to plant by insects that feed on plant sap, such as aphids; and viruses in animals can be carried by blood-sucking insects. Many viruses, including influenza viruses, SARS-CoV-2, chickenpox, smallpox, and measles, spread in the air by coughing and sneezing. Norovirus and rotavirus, common causes of viral gastroenteritis, are transmitted by the faecal–oral route, passed by hand-to-mouth contact or in food or water. The infectious dose of norovirus required to produce infection in humans is fewer than 100 particles.[12] HIV is one of several viruses transmitted through sexual contact and by exposure to infected blood. The variety of host cells that a virus can infect is called its "host range". This can be narrow, meaning a virus is capable of infecting few species, or broad, meaning it is capable of infecting many.[13]
Viral infections in animals provoke an immune response that usually eliminates the infecting virus. Immune responses can also be produced by vaccines, which confer an artificially acquired immunity to the specific viral infection. Some viruses, including those that cause HIV/AIDS, HPV infection, and viral hepatitis, evade these immune responses and result in chronic infections. Several classes of antiviral drugs have been developed.
Etymology
History
Origins
Microbiology
Classification
Role in human disease
Infection in other species
Role in aquatic ecosystems
Role in evolution
Applications
See also
References
External links
Last edited 10 days ago by FaultPicker

Content is available under CC BY-SA 3.0 unless otherwise noted.
Privacy policy
Terms of Use
Desktop
google search manjil mahal
from manjil mahal
- published: 23 Mar 2022
- views: 5
9:34
A Reflective Essay about Viral Video
This video is will be talking about viral theory and it’s application in my own videos, adding to my critical reflection based on Berger’s six STEPPS of viral f...
This video is will be talking about viral theory and it’s application in my own videos, adding to my critical reflection based on Berger’s six STEPPS of viral framework.
Written and Produced by Yue Yuan
Based on the work of:
Barzilai-Nahon, K. 2008. “Toward a Theory of Network Gatekeeping: A Framework for Exploring Information Control.” Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 59: 1493–512.
Berger, J 2016, Contagious : Why Things Catch On, n.p.: University of Liverpool Catalogue, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 January 2018.
Goffman, E. 1990. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York: Penguin Books.
Huberman, B. and L. Adamic. 2004. “Information Dynamics in the Networked World.” Lecture Notes in Physics 650: 371–98.
Nahon, K, & Hemsley, J 2013, Going Viral, Polity Press, Oxford. Available from: ProQuest Ebook Central. [14 January 2018].
Nahon, K., J. Hemsley, R. Mason, S. Walker, and J. Eckert. 2013. “Information Flows in Events of Political Unrest.” In iConference 2013 Proceedings, pp. 480–5.
Shifman, L. 2012. “An Anatomy of a YouTube Meme.” New Media & Society 14 (2): 187–203.
Musicused with permission Valentin – A Little Story
Image: Google and Youtube Statistic
Tittle images used permission with thanks to @Snackophagus
This video has been produced as part of the Viral Video module at the Univerisity of Liverpool
https://wn.com/A_Reflective_Essay_About_Viral_Video
This video is will be talking about viral theory and it’s application in my own videos, adding to my critical reflection based on Berger’s six STEPPS of viral framework.
Written and Produced by Yue Yuan
Based on the work of:
Barzilai-Nahon, K. 2008. “Toward a Theory of Network Gatekeeping: A Framework for Exploring Information Control.” Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 59: 1493–512.
Berger, J 2016, Contagious : Why Things Catch On, n.p.: University of Liverpool Catalogue, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 January 2018.
Goffman, E. 1990. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York: Penguin Books.
Huberman, B. and L. Adamic. 2004. “Information Dynamics in the Networked World.” Lecture Notes in Physics 650: 371–98.
Nahon, K, & Hemsley, J 2013, Going Viral, Polity Press, Oxford. Available from: ProQuest Ebook Central. [14 January 2018].
Nahon, K., J. Hemsley, R. Mason, S. Walker, and J. Eckert. 2013. “Information Flows in Events of Political Unrest.” In iConference 2013 Proceedings, pp. 480–5.
Shifman, L. 2012. “An Anatomy of a YouTube Meme.” New Media & Society 14 (2): 187–203.
Musicused with permission Valentin – A Little Story
Image: Google and Youtube Statistic
Tittle images used permission with thanks to @Snackophagus
This video has been produced as part of the Viral Video module at the Univerisity of Liverpool
- published: 16 Jan 2018
- views: 123
2:34:56
Who Cares Episode Seventeen: Doctor Who Season Five (1967-1968) Reflection
Myself, Alan Caylow and Ollie Pajak Reflect on all Seven Stories from Season Five of Doctor Who.
Starring Patrick Troughton, Frazer Hines, Deborah Watling and...
Myself, Alan Caylow and Ollie Pajak Reflect on all Seven Stories from Season Five of Doctor Who.
Starring Patrick Troughton, Frazer Hines, Deborah Watling and Wendy Padbury.
Written by Kit Pedler and Gerry Davis, Mervyn Haisman and Henry Lincoln, Brian Hayles, David Whitaker, Victor Pemberton.
Directed by Morris Barry, Gerald Blake, Derek Martinus, Barry Letts, Douglas Camfield, Hugh David, Tristan DeVere Cole.
"The Tomb of the Cybermen"
"The Abominable Snowmen"
"The Ice Warriors"
"The Enemy of the World"
"The Web of Fear"
"Fury From the Deep"
"The Wheel in Space"
(First Broadcast 2nd September 1967- 1st June 1968)
https://wn.com/Who_Cares_Episode_Seventeen_Doctor_Who_Season_Five_(1967_1968)_Reflection
Myself, Alan Caylow and Ollie Pajak Reflect on all Seven Stories from Season Five of Doctor Who.
Starring Patrick Troughton, Frazer Hines, Deborah Watling and Wendy Padbury.
Written by Kit Pedler and Gerry Davis, Mervyn Haisman and Henry Lincoln, Brian Hayles, David Whitaker, Victor Pemberton.
Directed by Morris Barry, Gerald Blake, Derek Martinus, Barry Letts, Douglas Camfield, Hugh David, Tristan DeVere Cole.
"The Tomb of the Cybermen"
"The Abominable Snowmen"
"The Ice Warriors"
"The Enemy of the World"
"The Web of Fear"
"Fury From the Deep"
"The Wheel in Space"
(First Broadcast 2nd September 1967- 1st June 1968)
- published: 23 Feb 2019
- views: 188