Liamine Zéroual (Arabic:اليمين زروالALA-LC: al-Yamīn Zarwāl; Berber: Lyamin Ẓerwal; born 3 July 1941) was the fourthPresident of Algeria from 31 January 1994 to 27 April 1999.
Biography
He was born in Batna and joined the National Liberation Army in 1957, at the age of 16, to fight French rule of Algeria. After independence, he received training in Cairo, Moscow, and Paris. In 1975, he took command of a military school in Batna, then in 1981 of the Cherchell Military Academy. He was then made commander of the Tamanrasset military region in 1982, then the Moroccan border in 1984, then Constantine in 1987. He became a general in 1988, then head of ground forces in 1989. After disagreeing with President Chadli Bendjedid about proposals for army reorganisation, he quit in 1990, and briefly became ambassador to Romania. However, after Bendjedid forced resignation in January 1992, his career prospects became more promising. In July 1993, he became Minister of Defense; in January 1994 he was promoted to head of the High Council of State. In November 1995, he was elected President, a post which he retained until the next elections. He was reputed to be politically dialoguist, supporting a partly negotiated solution to the Algerian Civil War. On December 25, 1994, Zéroual reluctantly allowed hijacked Air France Flight 8969 to leave Algerian territory after 3 civilians, including a French embassy chef, were murdered by the four hijackers.
Contestation en Algérie : Liamine Zéroual, l'homme du consensus?
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published: 26 Mar 2019
ALGERIA: RALLY IN SUPPORT OF PRESIDENT LIAMINE ZEROUAL
(11 Nov 1995) Arabic/Nat
Thousands have attended a rally in support of Algerian President Liamine Zeroual in the run up to next week's elections.
Zeroual was campaigning in the town of Bouira, 100 kilometres south east of the capital Algiers.
Most of the political opposition however is boycotting the election declaring it a charade to prop up Zeroual's military backed administration.
Thousands of supporters gathered in the town of Bouira, some 100 kilometres south east of the capital Algiers to support President Liamine Zeroual.
The elections come at a critical time for the country. Algeria is wracked by a four year Islamic insurgency.
More than 40-thousand people have died in the insurgency which began in January 1992 when the government cancelled legislative elections ...
published: 21 Jul 2015
EGYPT: ALGERIAN PRESIDENT LAMINE ZEROUAL VISIT
(26 Jun 1995) Natural Sound
Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak and his Algerian counterpart Lamine Zeroual set up a committee Sunday to work toward increased economic and military cooperation.
The group will work on increasing bilateral cooperation, especially in economic and military fields.
Both Egypt and Algeria are battling Islamic insurgents and in a joint communique issued at the end of the visit, Mubarak and condemned terrorism.
The agreement came at the end of a two-day official visit by the Algerian president.
Algerian president Lamine Zeroual and Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak held talks in Cairo's Qubba Palace Saturday on promoting bilateral ties and strengthening trade cooperation between the two countries.
Officials say the talks centered on bilateral ties...
published: 21 Jul 2015
Algeria - Swearing In OfAlgerian President
(27 Nov 1995) T/I: 10:12:10
President Liamine Zeroual was sworn in for his second term as
president of Algeria on Monday (27/11). Afterwards, he gave a
speech to the nation outlining his policy programme.
SHOWS:
ALGIERS, ALGERIA 27/11
President Liamine Zeroual on podium
Zeroual taking oaths
Side-shot of Zeroual
Zeroual continuing to take oaths
Algerian flag
Band playing
Zeroual singing
Band playing
Zeroual standing on podium
2.02
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published: 21 Jul 2015
Contestation en Algérie : "Il faut une personnalité comme l'ex-président Liamine Zeroual"
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Zoubida Assoul, figure de proue du mouvement de contestation contre le régime d'Abdelaziz Bouteflika et dirigeante du mouvement Mouwatana, affirme que l'Algérie vit une "révolution pacifique" exigeant le départ du président et de son clan d'ici la fin de son quatrième mandat, le 28 avril. Selon elle, les Algériens n'accepteront pas une prolongation. Elle appelle de ses vœux une transition et annonce qu'elle soutient l'ancien président Liamine Zeroual comme un de ceux qui pourraient l'incarner.
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published: 26 Mar 2019
ALGERIA: ALGIERS: LIAMINE ZEROUAL CASTS HIS VOTE IN LOCAL ELECTIONS
(23 Oct 1997) Natural Sound
Light turnout was reported on Thursday as Algeria's first local elections in seven years got under way amid tight security.
Hundreds of civilians, including 10 candidates, died in massacres and bombings just in the weeks before the vote.
And few are hopeful the election will curb the violence that has left an estimated 75-thousand people dead.
These elections are meant to finish rebuilding Algeria's political structure, dismantled by the military-backed regime in 1992 in a move that triggered a ruthless Islamic insurgency.
But they've drawn minimal enthusiasm from the nation's 16 (m) million voters.
The elections are Algeria's third in less than a year - some expect fraud to skew the results as it did in June, during the first legislative ele...
published: 21 Jul 2015
Algeria - Zeroual And Nahnah Election Rallies
(13 Nov 1995) T/I: 11:13:13 GS 10:46:25
Rival Algerian presidential candidates took to the hustings Monday
(13/11) for a final push before the country's first free elections.
Algerian president Liamine Zeroual addressed a large rally in
Algiers as voting began for members of Algeria's security
services, three days ahead of the main poll. The pro-islamic
candidate Mahfouz Nahnah spoke to an equally enthusiatic crowd of
supporters at his final rally.
SHOWS:
ALGIERS, ALGERIA 13/11
0.00 ws chanting supporters of president liamine zeroual
0.05 supporters playing trumpet in crowd
0.07 dancing supporters holding portraits of zeroual
0.10 zeroual entering rally, waving
0.18 cu zeroual waving
0.21 cheering crowd
0.24 cu zeroual speaking
0.31 crowd applauding
0.35 ...
published: 21 Jul 2015
Dernière allocution du président Liamine Zeroual le 27 avril 1999 - اليمين زروال
Passation de pouvoir entre Liamine Zeroual et Abdelaziz Bouteflika le 27 avril 1999 à Alger.
published: 02 May 2017
ALGERIA: PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS PREVIEW
(13 Nov 1995) French/Arabic
The presidential election in Algeria is just days away and the main candidates are making their last appearances to lobby for votes.
President Liamine Zeroual faces three challengers in the race but is expected to defeat them in the first round of balloting Thursday.
Campaigning ends at midnight Monday for the candidates.
Despite threats of violence, Algerian voters attended their candidates final rallies in the run up to this week's presidential elections.
Extremists groups trying to topple the government and install Islamic rule have threatened to kill voters.
But supporters chanted and cheered as they showed up to hear President Liamine Zeroual speak as his Nationalist campaign comes to an end.
Zeroual is a retired general appoint...
published: 21 Jul 2015
Ce qu’a dit Zeroual après sa rencontre avec le président Tebboune
Retrouvez tous les détails et l'actualité en temps réel sur notre site www.tsa-algerie.com
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(11 Nov 1995) Arabic/Nat
Thousands have attended a rally in support of Algerian President Liamine Zeroual in the run up to next week's elections.
Zeroual ...
(11 Nov 1995) Arabic/Nat
Thousands have attended a rally in support of Algerian President Liamine Zeroual in the run up to next week's elections.
Zeroual was campaigning in the town of Bouira, 100 kilometres south east of the capital Algiers.
Most of the political opposition however is boycotting the election declaring it a charade to prop up Zeroual's military backed administration.
Thousands of supporters gathered in the town of Bouira, some 100 kilometres south east of the capital Algiers to support President Liamine Zeroual.
The elections come at a critical time for the country. Algeria is wracked by a four year Islamic insurgency.
More than 40-thousand people have died in the insurgency which began in January 1992 when the government cancelled legislative elections because the main opposition party - the now outlawed Islamic Salvation Front - was poised to win.
Zeroual is enjoying a comfortable lead over his three challengers.
But the campaign has so far largely ignored the issues of religion, violence, corruption and unemployment.
Zeroual is using a populist appeal to win the voters.
SOUNDBITE: Arabic
I am appealing to the history and glory of Algeria and the principles of this great people for victory for this country.
SUPER CAPTION: Liamine Zeroual, Algerian President
Zeroual's main challenger is Sheik Mahfoudh Nahnah a moderate Islamic activist.
If no candidate wins at least 50 percent of the first-round ballots on November 16th, a runoff election will be held December 15th.
Police presence has been high in the run up to the elections and some of the more radical groups are threatening to carry out attacks against voters.
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(11 Nov 1995) Arabic/Nat
Thousands have attended a rally in support of Algerian President Liamine Zeroual in the run up to next week's elections.
Zeroual was campaigning in the town of Bouira, 100 kilometres south east of the capital Algiers.
Most of the political opposition however is boycotting the election declaring it a charade to prop up Zeroual's military backed administration.
Thousands of supporters gathered in the town of Bouira, some 100 kilometres south east of the capital Algiers to support President Liamine Zeroual.
The elections come at a critical time for the country. Algeria is wracked by a four year Islamic insurgency.
More than 40-thousand people have died in the insurgency which began in January 1992 when the government cancelled legislative elections because the main opposition party - the now outlawed Islamic Salvation Front - was poised to win.
Zeroual is enjoying a comfortable lead over his three challengers.
But the campaign has so far largely ignored the issues of religion, violence, corruption and unemployment.
Zeroual is using a populist appeal to win the voters.
SOUNDBITE: Arabic
I am appealing to the history and glory of Algeria and the principles of this great people for victory for this country.
SUPER CAPTION: Liamine Zeroual, Algerian President
Zeroual's main challenger is Sheik Mahfoudh Nahnah a moderate Islamic activist.
If no candidate wins at least 50 percent of the first-round ballots on November 16th, a runoff election will be held December 15th.
Police presence has been high in the run up to the elections and some of the more radical groups are threatening to carry out attacks against voters.
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(26 Jun 1995) Natural Sound
Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak and his Algerian counterpart Lamine Zeroual set up a committee Sunday to work toward increased ...
(26 Jun 1995) Natural Sound
Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak and his Algerian counterpart Lamine Zeroual set up a committee Sunday to work toward increased economic and military cooperation.
The group will work on increasing bilateral cooperation, especially in economic and military fields.
Both Egypt and Algeria are battling Islamic insurgents and in a joint communique issued at the end of the visit, Mubarak and condemned terrorism.
The agreement came at the end of a two-day official visit by the Algerian president.
Algerian president Lamine Zeroual and Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak held talks in Cairo's Qubba Palace Saturday on promoting bilateral ties and strengthening trade cooperation between the two countries.
Officials say the talks centered on bilateral ties and trade exchanges between the two countries and regional, African and Arab issues.
Earlier Mubarak praised the strong relations between the two peoples and expressed his hope that stability would be maintained in Algeria.
Zeroual, who arrived here earlier Saturday for a two-day visit to Egypt, reviewed a guard of honor made up of the three services of the Egyptian armed forces.
The state-run Middle East News Agency said Mubarak expressed his hope - as well as that of Egyptian citizens - "that matters are going to settle down in Algeria."
Egypt and Algeria face Islamic fundamentalist rebellions that they have tried to put down with force.
Zeroual, a retired general who formerly served as Algerian defense minister, was named president in January 1994 by the regime that seized power two years earlier to thwart a fundamentalist victory in parliament elections.
He is serving a three-year term as a transitional figure who is to lead the country back to democracy.
An estimated 30,000 people have died in Algeria during a three-year insurgency by Muslim militants seeking to overthrow the army-backed government.
In Egypt, security forces have largely contained Muslim extremists to the province of el-Minya, 220 kilometers (135 miles) south of Cairo.
The radicals launched a campaign of violence in the spring of 1992 to try to overthrow Egypt's secular government and replace it with strict Islamic rule.
More than 760 people have died in the violence, most of them suspected militants or police.
Zeroual has now left for the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa, where he will attend the Organization of African Unity summit. Mubarak flies there today.
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(26 Jun 1995) Natural Sound
Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak and his Algerian counterpart Lamine Zeroual set up a committee Sunday to work toward increased economic and military cooperation.
The group will work on increasing bilateral cooperation, especially in economic and military fields.
Both Egypt and Algeria are battling Islamic insurgents and in a joint communique issued at the end of the visit, Mubarak and condemned terrorism.
The agreement came at the end of a two-day official visit by the Algerian president.
Algerian president Lamine Zeroual and Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak held talks in Cairo's Qubba Palace Saturday on promoting bilateral ties and strengthening trade cooperation between the two countries.
Officials say the talks centered on bilateral ties and trade exchanges between the two countries and regional, African and Arab issues.
Earlier Mubarak praised the strong relations between the two peoples and expressed his hope that stability would be maintained in Algeria.
Zeroual, who arrived here earlier Saturday for a two-day visit to Egypt, reviewed a guard of honor made up of the three services of the Egyptian armed forces.
The state-run Middle East News Agency said Mubarak expressed his hope - as well as that of Egyptian citizens - "that matters are going to settle down in Algeria."
Egypt and Algeria face Islamic fundamentalist rebellions that they have tried to put down with force.
Zeroual, a retired general who formerly served as Algerian defense minister, was named president in January 1994 by the regime that seized power two years earlier to thwart a fundamentalist victory in parliament elections.
He is serving a three-year term as a transitional figure who is to lead the country back to democracy.
An estimated 30,000 people have died in Algeria during a three-year insurgency by Muslim militants seeking to overthrow the army-backed government.
In Egypt, security forces have largely contained Muslim extremists to the province of el-Minya, 220 kilometers (135 miles) south of Cairo.
The radicals launched a campaign of violence in the spring of 1992 to try to overthrow Egypt's secular government and replace it with strict Islamic rule.
More than 760 people have died in the violence, most of them suspected militants or police.
Zeroual has now left for the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa, where he will attend the Organization of African Unity summit. Mubarak flies there today.
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(27 Nov 1995) T/I: 10:12:10
President Liamine Zeroual was sworn in for his second term as
president of Algeria on Monday (27/11). Afterwards, he gave a
...
(27 Nov 1995) T/I: 10:12:10
President Liamine Zeroual was sworn in for his second term as
president of Algeria on Monday (27/11). Afterwards, he gave a
speech to the nation outlining his policy programme.
SHOWS:
ALGIERS, ALGERIA 27/11
President Liamine Zeroual on podium
Zeroual taking oaths
Side-shot of Zeroual
Zeroual continuing to take oaths
Algerian flag
Band playing
Zeroual singing
Band playing
Zeroual standing on podium
2.02
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(27 Nov 1995) T/I: 10:12:10
President Liamine Zeroual was sworn in for his second term as
president of Algeria on Monday (27/11). Afterwards, he gave a
speech to the nation outlining his policy programme.
SHOWS:
ALGIERS, ALGERIA 27/11
President Liamine Zeroual on podium
Zeroual taking oaths
Side-shot of Zeroual
Zeroual continuing to take oaths
Algerian flag
Band playing
Zeroual singing
Band playing
Zeroual standing on podium
2.02
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Zoubida Assoul, figure de proue du mo...
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Zoubida Assoul, figure de proue du mouvement de contestation contre le régime d'Abdelaziz Bouteflika et dirigeante du mouvement Mouwatana, affirme que l'Algérie vit une "révolution pacifique" exigeant le départ du président et de son clan d'ici la fin de son quatrième mandat, le 28 avril. Selon elle, les Algériens n'accepteront pas une prolongation. Elle appelle de ses vœux une transition et annonce qu'elle soutient l'ancien président Liamine Zeroual comme un de ceux qui pourraient l'incarner.
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Zoubida Assoul, figure de proue du mouvement de contestation contre le régime d'Abdelaziz Bouteflika et dirigeante du mouvement Mouwatana, affirme que l'Algérie vit une "révolution pacifique" exigeant le départ du président et de son clan d'ici la fin de son quatrième mandat, le 28 avril. Selon elle, les Algériens n'accepteront pas une prolongation. Elle appelle de ses vœux une transition et annonce qu'elle soutient l'ancien président Liamine Zeroual comme un de ceux qui pourraient l'incarner.
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(23 Oct 1997) Natural Sound
Light turnout was reported on Thursday as Algeria's first local elections in seven years got under way amid tight security.
H...
(23 Oct 1997) Natural Sound
Light turnout was reported on Thursday as Algeria's first local elections in seven years got under way amid tight security.
Hundreds of civilians, including 10 candidates, died in massacres and bombings just in the weeks before the vote.
And few are hopeful the election will curb the violence that has left an estimated 75-thousand people dead.
These elections are meant to finish rebuilding Algeria's political structure, dismantled by the military-backed regime in 1992 in a move that triggered a ruthless Islamic insurgency.
But they've drawn minimal enthusiasm from the nation's 16 (m) million voters.
The elections are Algeria's third in less than a year - some expect fraud to skew the results as it did in June, during the first legislative elections since the insurgency began.
Pro-government parties are expected to win, consolidating the powers of President Liamine Zeroual, a retired general and seen here at his local polling station.
Polls opened at 0800 local time (0700 GMT) and will close 12 hours later.
The army has been mobilised to guard the country's almost 40-thousand (37,500) voting stations.
Results are expected on Friday and final figures by Saturday evening.
Voters in 1992, fed up with corruption and high unemployment, had favoured the Islamic Salvation Front, which seeks to instill a strict Islamic regime.
The army called off those elections when it was clear the Islamic Salvation Front would win them and scrapped local governments and the parliament to keep the group from power - leading Islamic militants to take up arms against the government.
Zeroual has sought to rebuild the local and national government without the Front, while waging a war that has failed to crush the Muslim insurgents.
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(23 Oct 1997) Natural Sound
Light turnout was reported on Thursday as Algeria's first local elections in seven years got under way amid tight security.
Hundreds of civilians, including 10 candidates, died in massacres and bombings just in the weeks before the vote.
And few are hopeful the election will curb the violence that has left an estimated 75-thousand people dead.
These elections are meant to finish rebuilding Algeria's political structure, dismantled by the military-backed regime in 1992 in a move that triggered a ruthless Islamic insurgency.
But they've drawn minimal enthusiasm from the nation's 16 (m) million voters.
The elections are Algeria's third in less than a year - some expect fraud to skew the results as it did in June, during the first legislative elections since the insurgency began.
Pro-government parties are expected to win, consolidating the powers of President Liamine Zeroual, a retired general and seen here at his local polling station.
Polls opened at 0800 local time (0700 GMT) and will close 12 hours later.
The army has been mobilised to guard the country's almost 40-thousand (37,500) voting stations.
Results are expected on Friday and final figures by Saturday evening.
Voters in 1992, fed up with corruption and high unemployment, had favoured the Islamic Salvation Front, which seeks to instill a strict Islamic regime.
The army called off those elections when it was clear the Islamic Salvation Front would win them and scrapped local governments and the parliament to keep the group from power - leading Islamic militants to take up arms against the government.
Zeroual has sought to rebuild the local and national government without the Front, while waging a war that has failed to crush the Muslim insurgents.
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(13 Nov 1995) T/I: 11:13:13 GS 10:46:25
Rival Algerian presidential candidates took to the hustings Monday
(13/11) for a final push before the co...
(13 Nov 1995) T/I: 11:13:13 GS 10:46:25
Rival Algerian presidential candidates took to the hustings Monday
(13/11) for a final push before the country's first free elections.
Algerian president Liamine Zeroual addressed a large rally in
Algiers as voting began for members of Algeria's security
services, three days ahead of the main poll. The pro-islamic
candidate Mahfouz Nahnah spoke to an equally enthusiatic crowd of
supporters at his final rally.
SHOWS:
ALGIERS, ALGERIA 13/11
0.00 ws chanting supporters of president liamine zeroual
0.05 supporters playing trumpet in crowd
0.07 dancing supporters holding portraits of zeroual
0.10 zeroual entering rally, waving
0.18 cu zeroual waving
0.21 cheering crowd
0.24 cu zeroual speaking
0.31 crowd applauding
0.35 pro-islamic candidate mahfouz nahnah holding child
and candle at his rally
0.39 supporters waving portraits of nahnah
0.43 nahnah addressing rally
0.51 supporters cheering, waving portraits
0.53 flowers being tossed into crowd
1.00 cheering supporters of nahnah
1.05 ends
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(13 Nov 1995) T/I: 11:13:13 GS 10:46:25
Rival Algerian presidential candidates took to the hustings Monday
(13/11) for a final push before the country's first free elections.
Algerian president Liamine Zeroual addressed a large rally in
Algiers as voting began for members of Algeria's security
services, three days ahead of the main poll. The pro-islamic
candidate Mahfouz Nahnah spoke to an equally enthusiatic crowd of
supporters at his final rally.
SHOWS:
ALGIERS, ALGERIA 13/11
0.00 ws chanting supporters of president liamine zeroual
0.05 supporters playing trumpet in crowd
0.07 dancing supporters holding portraits of zeroual
0.10 zeroual entering rally, waving
0.18 cu zeroual waving
0.21 cheering crowd
0.24 cu zeroual speaking
0.31 crowd applauding
0.35 pro-islamic candidate mahfouz nahnah holding child
and candle at his rally
0.39 supporters waving portraits of nahnah
0.43 nahnah addressing rally
0.51 supporters cheering, waving portraits
0.53 flowers being tossed into crowd
1.00 cheering supporters of nahnah
1.05 ends
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(13 Nov 1995) French/Arabic
The presidential election in Algeria is just days away and the main candidates are making their last appearances to lobby for...
(13 Nov 1995) French/Arabic
The presidential election in Algeria is just days away and the main candidates are making their last appearances to lobby for votes.
President Liamine Zeroual faces three challengers in the race but is expected to defeat them in the first round of balloting Thursday.
Campaigning ends at midnight Monday for the candidates.
Despite threats of violence, Algerian voters attended their candidates final rallies in the run up to this week's presidential elections.
Extremists groups trying to topple the government and install Islamic rule have threatened to kill voters.
But supporters chanted and cheered as they showed up to hear President Liamine Zeroual speak as his Nationalist campaign comes to an end.
Zeroual is a retired general appointed in 1994 to guide the government through a three - year transition to democracy.
He is expected to win the first round of voting.
Sheik Mahfoudh Nahnah, a moderate Islamic activist and president of the Hamas movement, addressed thousands of supporters in his final rally in Algiers.
53-year old Nahnah is considered President Liamine Zeroual's main challenger.
Most of the political opposition is boycotting the election, declaring it a charade to prop up Zeroual's military backed administration.
But the presidential candidates refused to bow to threats of violence.
Nourreddine Boukrouk of the Algerian Renewal Party was surrounded by security as he walked through the streets.
The only candidate not to end his campaign in Algiers was 48-year old Said Sadi of the Assembly for Democracy and Culture.
On Sunday he met with supporters in the capital before he went to Bechar in the southeast of the country to appeal to his countrymen to overcome their fear and silence
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(13 Nov 1995) French/Arabic
The presidential election in Algeria is just days away and the main candidates are making their last appearances to lobby for votes.
President Liamine Zeroual faces three challengers in the race but is expected to defeat them in the first round of balloting Thursday.
Campaigning ends at midnight Monday for the candidates.
Despite threats of violence, Algerian voters attended their candidates final rallies in the run up to this week's presidential elections.
Extremists groups trying to topple the government and install Islamic rule have threatened to kill voters.
But supporters chanted and cheered as they showed up to hear President Liamine Zeroual speak as his Nationalist campaign comes to an end.
Zeroual is a retired general appointed in 1994 to guide the government through a three - year transition to democracy.
He is expected to win the first round of voting.
Sheik Mahfoudh Nahnah, a moderate Islamic activist and president of the Hamas movement, addressed thousands of supporters in his final rally in Algiers.
53-year old Nahnah is considered President Liamine Zeroual's main challenger.
Most of the political opposition is boycotting the election, declaring it a charade to prop up Zeroual's military backed administration.
But the presidential candidates refused to bow to threats of violence.
Nourreddine Boukrouk of the Algerian Renewal Party was surrounded by security as he walked through the streets.
The only candidate not to end his campaign in Algiers was 48-year old Said Sadi of the Assembly for Democracy and Culture.
On Sunday he met with supporters in the capital before he went to Bechar in the southeast of the country to appeal to his countrymen to overcome their fear and silence
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(11 Nov 1995) Arabic/Nat
Thousands have attended a rally in support of Algerian President Liamine Zeroual in the run up to next week's elections.
Zeroual was campaigning in the town of Bouira, 100 kilometres south east of the capital Algiers.
Most of the political opposition however is boycotting the election declaring it a charade to prop up Zeroual's military backed administration.
Thousands of supporters gathered in the town of Bouira, some 100 kilometres south east of the capital Algiers to support President Liamine Zeroual.
The elections come at a critical time for the country. Algeria is wracked by a four year Islamic insurgency.
More than 40-thousand people have died in the insurgency which began in January 1992 when the government cancelled legislative elections because the main opposition party - the now outlawed Islamic Salvation Front - was poised to win.
Zeroual is enjoying a comfortable lead over his three challengers.
But the campaign has so far largely ignored the issues of religion, violence, corruption and unemployment.
Zeroual is using a populist appeal to win the voters.
SOUNDBITE: Arabic
I am appealing to the history and glory of Algeria and the principles of this great people for victory for this country.
SUPER CAPTION: Liamine Zeroual, Algerian President
Zeroual's main challenger is Sheik Mahfoudh Nahnah a moderate Islamic activist.
If no candidate wins at least 50 percent of the first-round ballots on November 16th, a runoff election will be held December 15th.
Police presence has been high in the run up to the elections and some of the more radical groups are threatening to carry out attacks against voters.
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(26 Jun 1995) Natural Sound
Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak and his Algerian counterpart Lamine Zeroual set up a committee Sunday to work toward increased economic and military cooperation.
The group will work on increasing bilateral cooperation, especially in economic and military fields.
Both Egypt and Algeria are battling Islamic insurgents and in a joint communique issued at the end of the visit, Mubarak and condemned terrorism.
The agreement came at the end of a two-day official visit by the Algerian president.
Algerian president Lamine Zeroual and Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak held talks in Cairo's Qubba Palace Saturday on promoting bilateral ties and strengthening trade cooperation between the two countries.
Officials say the talks centered on bilateral ties and trade exchanges between the two countries and regional, African and Arab issues.
Earlier Mubarak praised the strong relations between the two peoples and expressed his hope that stability would be maintained in Algeria.
Zeroual, who arrived here earlier Saturday for a two-day visit to Egypt, reviewed a guard of honor made up of the three services of the Egyptian armed forces.
The state-run Middle East News Agency said Mubarak expressed his hope - as well as that of Egyptian citizens - "that matters are going to settle down in Algeria."
Egypt and Algeria face Islamic fundamentalist rebellions that they have tried to put down with force.
Zeroual, a retired general who formerly served as Algerian defense minister, was named president in January 1994 by the regime that seized power two years earlier to thwart a fundamentalist victory in parliament elections.
He is serving a three-year term as a transitional figure who is to lead the country back to democracy.
An estimated 30,000 people have died in Algeria during a three-year insurgency by Muslim militants seeking to overthrow the army-backed government.
In Egypt, security forces have largely contained Muslim extremists to the province of el-Minya, 220 kilometers (135 miles) south of Cairo.
The radicals launched a campaign of violence in the spring of 1992 to try to overthrow Egypt's secular government and replace it with strict Islamic rule.
More than 760 people have died in the violence, most of them suspected militants or police.
Zeroual has now left for the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa, where he will attend the Organization of African Unity summit. Mubarak flies there today.
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(27 Nov 1995) T/I: 10:12:10
President Liamine Zeroual was sworn in for his second term as
president of Algeria on Monday (27/11). Afterwards, he gave a
speech to the nation outlining his policy programme.
SHOWS:
ALGIERS, ALGERIA 27/11
President Liamine Zeroual on podium
Zeroual taking oaths
Side-shot of Zeroual
Zeroual continuing to take oaths
Algerian flag
Band playing
Zeroual singing
Band playing
Zeroual standing on podium
2.02
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Zoubida Assoul, figure de proue du mouvement de contestation contre le régime d'Abdelaziz Bouteflika et dirigeante du mouvement Mouwatana, affirme que l'Algérie vit une "révolution pacifique" exigeant le départ du président et de son clan d'ici la fin de son quatrième mandat, le 28 avril. Selon elle, les Algériens n'accepteront pas une prolongation. Elle appelle de ses vœux une transition et annonce qu'elle soutient l'ancien président Liamine Zeroual comme un de ceux qui pourraient l'incarner.
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(23 Oct 1997) Natural Sound
Light turnout was reported on Thursday as Algeria's first local elections in seven years got under way amid tight security.
Hundreds of civilians, including 10 candidates, died in massacres and bombings just in the weeks before the vote.
And few are hopeful the election will curb the violence that has left an estimated 75-thousand people dead.
These elections are meant to finish rebuilding Algeria's political structure, dismantled by the military-backed regime in 1992 in a move that triggered a ruthless Islamic insurgency.
But they've drawn minimal enthusiasm from the nation's 16 (m) million voters.
The elections are Algeria's third in less than a year - some expect fraud to skew the results as it did in June, during the first legislative elections since the insurgency began.
Pro-government parties are expected to win, consolidating the powers of President Liamine Zeroual, a retired general and seen here at his local polling station.
Polls opened at 0800 local time (0700 GMT) and will close 12 hours later.
The army has been mobilised to guard the country's almost 40-thousand (37,500) voting stations.
Results are expected on Friday and final figures by Saturday evening.
Voters in 1992, fed up with corruption and high unemployment, had favoured the Islamic Salvation Front, which seeks to instill a strict Islamic regime.
The army called off those elections when it was clear the Islamic Salvation Front would win them and scrapped local governments and the parliament to keep the group from power - leading Islamic militants to take up arms against the government.
Zeroual has sought to rebuild the local and national government without the Front, while waging a war that has failed to crush the Muslim insurgents.
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(13 Nov 1995) T/I: 11:13:13 GS 10:46:25
Rival Algerian presidential candidates took to the hustings Monday
(13/11) for a final push before the country's first free elections.
Algerian president Liamine Zeroual addressed a large rally in
Algiers as voting began for members of Algeria's security
services, three days ahead of the main poll. The pro-islamic
candidate Mahfouz Nahnah spoke to an equally enthusiatic crowd of
supporters at his final rally.
SHOWS:
ALGIERS, ALGERIA 13/11
0.00 ws chanting supporters of president liamine zeroual
0.05 supporters playing trumpet in crowd
0.07 dancing supporters holding portraits of zeroual
0.10 zeroual entering rally, waving
0.18 cu zeroual waving
0.21 cheering crowd
0.24 cu zeroual speaking
0.31 crowd applauding
0.35 pro-islamic candidate mahfouz nahnah holding child
and candle at his rally
0.39 supporters waving portraits of nahnah
0.43 nahnah addressing rally
0.51 supporters cheering, waving portraits
0.53 flowers being tossed into crowd
1.00 cheering supporters of nahnah
1.05 ends
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(13 Nov 1995) French/Arabic
The presidential election in Algeria is just days away and the main candidates are making their last appearances to lobby for votes.
President Liamine Zeroual faces three challengers in the race but is expected to defeat them in the first round of balloting Thursday.
Campaigning ends at midnight Monday for the candidates.
Despite threats of violence, Algerian voters attended their candidates final rallies in the run up to this week's presidential elections.
Extremists groups trying to topple the government and install Islamic rule have threatened to kill voters.
But supporters chanted and cheered as they showed up to hear President Liamine Zeroual speak as his Nationalist campaign comes to an end.
Zeroual is a retired general appointed in 1994 to guide the government through a three - year transition to democracy.
He is expected to win the first round of voting.
Sheik Mahfoudh Nahnah, a moderate Islamic activist and president of the Hamas movement, addressed thousands of supporters in his final rally in Algiers.
53-year old Nahnah is considered President Liamine Zeroual's main challenger.
Most of the political opposition is boycotting the election, declaring it a charade to prop up Zeroual's military backed administration.
But the presidential candidates refused to bow to threats of violence.
Nourreddine Boukrouk of the Algerian Renewal Party was surrounded by security as he walked through the streets.
The only candidate not to end his campaign in Algiers was 48-year old Said Sadi of the Assembly for Democracy and Culture.
On Sunday he met with supporters in the capital before he went to Bechar in the southeast of the country to appeal to his countrymen to overcome their fear and silence
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Liamine Zéroual (Arabic:اليمين زروالALA-LC: al-Yamīn Zarwāl; Berber: Lyamin Ẓerwal; born 3 July 1941) was the fourthPresident of Algeria from 31 January 1994 to 27 April 1999.
Biography
He was born in Batna and joined the National Liberation Army in 1957, at the age of 16, to fight French rule of Algeria. After independence, he received training in Cairo, Moscow, and Paris. In 1975, he took command of a military school in Batna, then in 1981 of the Cherchell Military Academy. He was then made commander of the Tamanrasset military region in 1982, then the Moroccan border in 1984, then Constantine in 1987. He became a general in 1988, then head of ground forces in 1989. After disagreeing with President Chadli Bendjedid about proposals for army reorganisation, he quit in 1990, and briefly became ambassador to Romania. However, after Bendjedid forced resignation in January 1992, his career prospects became more promising. In July 1993, he became Minister of Defense; in January 1994 he was promoted to head of the High Council of State. In November 1995, he was elected President, a post which he retained until the next elections. He was reputed to be politically dialoguist, supporting a partly negotiated solution to the Algerian Civil War. On December 25, 1994, Zéroual reluctantly allowed hijacked Air France Flight 8969 to leave Algerian territory after 3 civilians, including a French embassy chef, were murdered by the four hijackers.
Algeria has announced that it will hold presidential elections earlier than usual, sparking suspicion about the state of political rule in the North African country ... However, President Liamine Zeroual asserted he would not be a candidate then ... ....