- published: 26 Jan 2017
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Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini (Italian: [ˈdʒaːkomo putˈtʃiːni]; 22 December 1858 – 29 November 1924) was an Italian composer whose operas are among the important operas played as standards.
Puccini has been called "the greatest composer of Italian opera after Verdi". While his early work was rooted in traditional late-19th-century romantic Italian opera, he successfully developed his work in the realistic verismo style, of which he became one of the leading exponents.
Puccini was born Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini in Lucca in Tuscany, in 1858. He was one of nine children of Michele Puccini and Albina Magi. The Puccini family was established in Lucca as a local musical dynasty by Puccini's great-great grandfather – also named Giacomo (1712–1781). This first Giacomo Puccini was maestro di cappella of the Cattedrale di San Martino in Lucca. He was succeeded in this position by his son, Antonio Puccini, and then by Antonio's son Domenico, and Domenico's son Michele (father of the subject of this article). Each of these men studied music at Bologna, and some took additional musical studies elsewhere. Domenico Puccini studied for a time under Giovanni Paisiello. Each composed music for the church. In addition, Domenico composed several operas, and Michele composed one opera. Puccini's father Michele enjoyed a reputation throughout northern Italy, and his funeral was an occasion of public mourning, at which the then-famed composer Giovanni Pacini conducted a Requiem.
Giacomo Puccini ("senior") (1712-1781) was an 18th-century Italian composer who lived and worked primarily in Lucca, Tuscany. He was the first of five generations of composers, the most famous of whom was his great-great-grandson, the opera composer Giacomo Puccini.
Puccini studied in Bologna under Giuseppe Carretti, who was maestro di cappella at Bologna's San Petronio Basilica. In Bologna Puccini became friends with Padre Martini. After returning to Lucca in 1739, he served as organist in the cathedral and later Maestro di Cappella to the Most Serene Republic. Puccini belonged to the Accademia Filarmonica of Bologna and was a skilled teacher.
His musical style incorporated elements of both the Baroque and early Classic periods. Puccini was known as an excellent organist. He wrote many dramatic and sacred works, including a Te Deum for four voices and instruments, a Domine for four voices, masses, and psalm settings. Between 1733 and 1780, Puccini wrote 31 servizi ecclesiastici for the annual Feast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross (Festa della Esaltazione della Santa Croce). Some of Puccini's works, including a processional motet in eight voices, continued to be performed into at least the early 19th Century. A Requiem for eight voices by Puccini was performed at the Vienna Musical Exposition of 1892, together with music by his son Antonio, grandson Domenico, and great-grandson Michele.
La bohème (French pronunciation: [la bɔ.ɛm], Italian: [la boˈɛm]) is an opera in four acts, composed by Giacomo Puccini to an Italian libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa, based on Scènes de la vie de bohème by Henri Murger. The world premiere performance of La bohème was in Turin on 1 February 1896 at the Teatro Regio, conducted by the young Arturo Toscanini; its U.S. premiere took place the next year, 1897, in Los Angeles. Since then, La bohème has become part of the standard Italian opera repertory and is one of the most frequently performed operas worldwide.
In 1946, fifty years after the opera's premiere, Toscanini conducted a performance of it on radio with the NBC Symphony Orchestra. This performance was eventually released on records and on Compact Disc. It is the only recording of a Puccini opera by its original conductor (see Recordings below).
According to its title page, the libretto of La bohème is based on Henri Murger's novel, Scènes de la vie de bohème, a collection of vignettes portraying young bohemians living in the Latin Quarter of Paris in the 1840s. Although usually called a novel, it has no unified plot. Like the 1849 play by Murger and Théodore Barrière, the opera's libretto focuses on the relationship between Rodolfo and Mimì, and ends with Mimì's death. Also like the play, the libretto combines two characters from the novel, Mimì and Francine, into a single Mimì character. Early in the composition stage Puccini was in dispute with the composer Leoncavallo, who said that he had offered Puccini a completed libretto and felt that Puccini should defer to him. Puccini responded that he had had no idea of Leoncavallo's interest and that having been working on his own version for some time, he felt that he could not oblige him by discontinuing with the opera. Leoncavallo completed his own version in which Marcello was sung by a tenor and Rodolfo by a baritone. It was unsuccessful and is now rarely performed.
La Bohème is a 2009 short film from directed by Werner Herzog. The four-minute film features images of harsh life in Ethiopia set to "O Soave Fanciulla" from the opera La Bohème. It was part of a series of short films commissioned by Sky Arts and English National Opera.
La bohème is an Italian opera in four acts, with music and libretto by Ruggero Leoncavallo, based on Scènes de la vie de bohème by Henri Murger. The opera received a successful premiere at the Teatro la Fenice, Venice on 6 May 1897.
Leoncavallo wrote his opera La bohème contemporaneously with Giacomo Puccini's own treatment of the same story. Leoncavallo later revised the work, titling it Mimi Pinson, but despite initial respect, it did not survive. Puccini's version has become a standard in the operatic repertoire, whereas Leoncavallo's opera is rarely performed. Leoncavallo's version did not receive its UK premiere until May 1970.
Allan Atlas has analysed in detail the different treatments of the death of the Mimi character in both Leoncavallo's and Puccini's versions of La bohème, contrasting the historical success of Puccini's opera and the relative failure of Leoncavallo's.
Café Momus
The innkeeper Gaudenzio tries in vain to eject the Bohemians, who never pay and are continually up to no good. During the conversation another piece of horseplay on their part is discovered. They sit down to dine, while Musetta gaily sings. (Canzonette: "Mimi is the name of my sweet blonde.") Naturally when they are asked to pay the bill, they have no money. A comic fight ensues between them and the innkeeper, who has called his servants to assist him. It is ended by Barbemuche, who offers to pay the bill.
Provided to YouTube by RCA Red Seal La Bohème: Act III: Chi nel ber trovò il piacer · Judith Blegen · Georg Solti · Giacomo Puccini Puccini: La Bohème ℗ 1974 BMG Music Released on: 2005-11-04 Producer: Richard Mohr Recording Engineer: Anthony Salvatore Librettist: Giuseppe Giacosa Associated Performer: John Alldis Choir Librettist: Luigi Illica Associated Performer: Wandsworth School Boys' Choir Associated Performer: The London Philharmonic Orchestra Chorus Master: John Alldis Chorus Master: Russell Burgess Auto-generated by YouTube.
Provided to YouTube by Sony Music Entertainment La Bohème: Act III: Chi nel ber trovò il piacer · Arturo Toscanini · Giacomo Puccini · NBC Symphony Orchestra · NBC Symphony Chorus · Anne McKnight Puccini: La Bohème ℗ Originally Recorded 1946. All Rights Reserved by BMG Music Librettist: Giuseppe Giacosa Librettist: Luigi Illica Auto-generated by YouTube.
Chi nel ber trovó il piacer
Provided to YouTube by Universal Music Group Puccini: La Bohème / Act 4 - "Che ha detto il medico?" (Live) · Barbara Daniels · Jerry Hadley · Thomas Hampson · James Busterud · Paul Plishka · Orchestra dell'Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia · Leonard Bernstein Puccini: La Bohème ℗ 1988 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin Released on: 1988-01-01 Producer: Hanno Rinke Producer, Recording Producer: Hans Weber Studio Personnel, Balance Engineer: Klaus Scheibe Studio Personnel, Recording Engineer: Jobst Eberhardt Studio Personnel, Recording Engineer: Wolf-Dieter Karwatky Studio Personnel, Editor: Rainer Maillard Composer: Giacomo Puccini Author: Giuseppe Giacosa Author: Luigi Illica Auto-generated by YouTube.
Provided to YouTube by The Orchard Enterprises La Bohème, Act 3: Che Facevi, Che Dicevi · Erich Leinsdorf · Rome Opera House Orchestra & Chorus · Giacomo Puccini · Rome Opera House Orchestra & Chorus · Erich Leinsdorf La Bohème ℗ 2013 Unchained Melodie Released on: 2013-10-31 Auto-generated by YouTube.
Provided to YouTube by RCA Red Seal La Bohème: Act III: Donde lieta · Montserrat Caballé · Plácido Domingo · Sherrill Milnes · Judith Blegen · Sir Georg Solti · Giacomo Puccini · The London Philharmonic Orchestra Puccini: La Bohème ℗ 1974 BMG Music Released on: 2005-11-04 Producer: Richard Mohr Recording Engineer: Anthony Salvatore Librettist: Giuseppe Giacosa Librettist: Luigi Illica Auto-generated by YouTube.
Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini (Italian: [ˈdʒaːkomo putˈtʃiːni]; 22 December 1858 – 29 November 1924) was an Italian composer whose operas are among the important operas played as standards.
Puccini has been called "the greatest composer of Italian opera after Verdi". While his early work was rooted in traditional late-19th-century romantic Italian opera, he successfully developed his work in the realistic verismo style, of which he became one of the leading exponents.
Puccini was born Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini in Lucca in Tuscany, in 1858. He was one of nine children of Michele Puccini and Albina Magi. The Puccini family was established in Lucca as a local musical dynasty by Puccini's great-great grandfather – also named Giacomo (1712–1781). This first Giacomo Puccini was maestro di cappella of the Cattedrale di San Martino in Lucca. He was succeeded in this position by his son, Antonio Puccini, and then by Antonio's son Domenico, and Domenico's son Michele (father of the subject of this article). Each of these men studied music at Bologna, and some took additional musical studies elsewhere. Domenico Puccini studied for a time under Giovanni Paisiello. Each composed music for the church. In addition, Domenico composed several operas, and Michele composed one opera. Puccini's father Michele enjoyed a reputation throughout northern Italy, and his funeral was an occasion of public mourning, at which the then-famed composer Giovanni Pacini conducted a Requiem.
Rodolfo
Mimì è tanto malata!
Ogni dì più declina.
La povera piccina
è condannata!
Marcello
Mimì?
Mimì
Che vuol dire?
Rodolfo
Una terribile tosse
l'esil petto le scuote
e già le smunte gote
di sangue ha rosse...
Marcello
Povera Mimì!
Mimì
Ahimè, morire!
Rodolfo
La mia stanza è una tana squallida
il fuoco ho spento.
V'entra e l'aggira il vento
di tramontana.
Essa canta e sorride
e il rimorso m'assale.
Me, cagion del fatale
mal che l'uccide!
Marcello
Che far dunque?
Mimì
O mia vita!
Translation:
Mimì is so sick!
Every day she gets worse.
The poor little thing
Is doomed!
He moves out of Mimì's earshot
Mimì?
She moves closer to them.
What does he mean?
A terrible cough
Shakes her slender breast,
And yet her pale cheeks
Are flushed…
Marcello is upset, knowing Mimì can hear.
Poor Mimì!
Weeping
Alas – to die!
My room is a squalid hole…
I've used up the fire
The north wind enters there
And whirls around.
She sings and smiles,
And remorse attacks me
I am the cause of the fatal
Illness that is killing her.
What to do, then?
O my life!