One of the first studies of hypermasculinity was conducted by Donald L. Mosher and Mark Sirkin in 1984. Mosher and Sirkin have operationally defined hypermasculinity or the "macho personality" as consisting of three variables:
callous sexual attitudes toward women
the belief that violence is manly
the experience of danger as exciting
They developed the Hypermasculinity Inventory (HMI) designed to measure the three components. Research has found that hypermasculinity is associated with sexual and physical aggression towards women. Prisoners have higher hypermasculinity scores than control groups.
Hypermasculinity and fetal development
Finger length (specifically the lengths of the ring and index fingers), have been correlated with high and low levels of fetal androgens. These digit ratios (2D:4D) have been prevalent in more recent research on this topic. 2D:4D relationships have been correlated with different amounts of prenatal testosterone, and it is generally believed that having a shorter index (or 2nd digit) than the ring finger (or 4th digit), corresponds with having higher levels of prenatal androgens. Relatively masculine ratios have been associated with male heterosexuality, criminality, ADHD, and autism spectrum disorder.
Masculinity (also called boyhood, manliness or manhood) is a set of attributes, behaviors and roles generally associated with boys and men. It is a combination of socially-defined and biological factors,distinct from the definition of the male biological sex. Both men and women can exhibit masculine traits and behavior. Those exhibiting both masculine and feminine characteristics are considered androgynous, and feminist philosophers have argued that gender ambiguity may blur gender classification.
Masculine traits include courage, independence and assertiveness. These traits vary by location and context, and are influenced by social and cultural factors. An overemphasis on masculinity and power, often associated with a disregard for consequences and responsibility, is known as machismo.
Overview
Masculine qualities, characteristics or roles are considered typical of, or appropriate for, a boy or man. They have degrees of comparison: "more masculine" and "most masculine", and the opposite may be expressed by "unmanly" or "epicene". Similar to masculinity is virility (from the Latin vir, "man"). The concept of masculinity varies historically and culturally; although the dandy was seen as a 19th-century ideal of masculinity, he is considered effeminate by modern standards. Masculine norms, as described in Ronald F. Levant's Masculinity Reconstructed, are "avoidance of femininity; restricted emotions; sex disconnected from intimacy; pursuit of achievement and status; self-reliance; strength and aggression, and homophobia." These norms reinforce gender roles by associating attributes and characteristics with one gender.
In linguistics, grammatical gender is a specific form of noun-class system in which the division of noun classes forms an agreement system with another aspect of the language, such as adjectives, articles, pronouns, or verbs. This system is used in approximately one quarter of the world's languages. In these languages, most or all nouns inherently carry one value of the grammatical category called gender; the values present in a given language (of which there are usually two or three) are called the genders of that language. According to one definition: "Genders are classes of nouns reflected in the behaviour of associated words."
Common gender divisions include masculine and feminine; masculine, feminine and neuter; or animate and inanimate. In a few languages, the gender assignment of nouns is solely determined by their meaning or attributes, like biological sex, humanness, animacy. However, in most languages, this semantic division is only partially valid, and many nouns may belong to a gender category that contrasts with their meaning (e.g. the word for "manliness" could be of feminine gender). In this case, the gender assignment can also be influenced by the morphology or phonology of the noun, or in some cases can be apparently arbitrary.
When male leads are consistently portrayed as aggressive and hyper-masculine, relying on the power play against the female lead to assert their masculinity in shows marketed as romance, viewers, ...
In Animal, Rashmika plays Geetanjali, and in the Pushpa franchise, she essays Srivalli - both characters enamored with dominant, hyper-masculine protagonists.In an interview with India Today, Rashmika addressed the criticism.
Toni Breidinger may be climbing the ranks of one of the most hyper-masculine sports in the world, but she’s still a self-proclaimed “girly girl”. And that’s only part of the dichotomy that makes her story so alluring ... ....
Chat Pile had an unbroken string of excellent music videos this year to promote their album Cool World, but the best one is “Masc.” Hyper and toxic masculinity are in the news a lot lately, and for ...
Now these squads are building on this in their own way, deconstructing these hyper-divisive stereotypes.” ... “We’ve been thinking a lot about how we can tell a different story about masculinity. What other views on masculinity can we offer society?”.
Many of these women have a certain hyper-feminine look, which counterbalances the Hollywood masculinity Trump prefers and is evidenced by his choices of JD Vance as vice president, Pete Hegseth for ...
BTFD Coin (BTFD) is leading the charge, showcasing a perfect blend of innovation and community power ... 1. BTFD Coin (BTFD) ... 2 ... 3 ... 4 ... Inspired by the internet’s favourite hyper-masculine meme, Gigachad brings a bold and confident energy to the crypto market.
A recurring pattern ... Subscribe ... 1 ... 2 ... While hooliganism once thrived in working-class and hyper-masculine cultures, better crowd management and gentrification have reduced in-stadium violence, though confrontations still occur away from arenas. 3 ... ....
Actors like Jeremy Allen White, Mike Faist, and Josh O’Connor embody this aesthetic, which challenges traditional ideals of male beauty dominated by hyper-masculine, chiseled physiques.Rodent Men ...
Sexy. Crunchy. Electro. Big and muscly ...Credit. Iris Luz ... The album makes good on the tension between these two isles by introducing a new alias, Jean Paul, as the queerer foil to our hyper-masculine Brit-sleazeball ... “Pop music is a beautiful genre ... .
Directed by. Sukumar. Starring ...Rating. 2.5 stars ... The first part, Pushpa ... How? By choosing equally regressive themes! For instance, the hyper-masculine Pushpa is shown to be hopelessly devoted to his wife but the inherent patriarchy comes to the fore ... .
The ChadFace, also called the Gen Z lip sync face, is a trend in which men emulate a facial structure associated with masculinity ... Hyper-masculinity ... helping one achieve the idealized masculine look.
When Tim first tried ChatGPT, he wasn’t very impressed. He had a play around, but ended up cancelling his subscription ...Related ... Previously, when Tim sought advice online, he was directed to hyper-masculine, even toxic resources ... Tim found this himself ... .
Robert F ... She went public with her allegation in July ... You can do anything. Grab ‘em by the pussy. You can do anything.” Trump’s Republican National Convention was an exercise in hyper-masculinity, including Hulk Hogan roaring and ripping off his shirt.
We see a lot in TV and movies of especially male characters being hyper competitive from the start. And I thought it was an interesting take on these two guys who seem a little more comfortable in their masculinity, to become so close so quickly ... .
