- published: 18 Sep 2019
- views: 869
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Hugh Roe O'Donnell
Aodh Ruadh Ó Domhnaill, anglicised as Red Hugh O'Donnell (1572 – 10 September 1602), was "The O'Donnell" and king of Tyrconnell (modern-day County Donegal, Republic of Ireland). He led a rebellion against English government in Ireland from 1593 and helped to lead the Nine Years' War from 1595 to 1603. He is sometimes also known as Aodh Ruadh II or Red Hugh II, especially within County Donegal.
Biography
Early life, imprisonment, and escape
For the political context of O'Donnell's life see the Tudor conquest of Ireland
Hugh Roe O'Donnell was born to the Gaelic Lord of Tyrconnell, Sir Hugh O'Donnell, and his second wife, the Ineen Dubh, in 1572. He had numerous brothers and sisters including Donnell, Rory and Cathbarr. Sir Hugh was a long-standing ally of the Crown, in attempt to counterbalance the power of Shane O'Neill and Turlough Luineach O'Neill the rulers of neighboring Tyrone. In Sir Hugh's later years, a long-running succession dispute broke out to determine who would succeed him. Although Ineen Dubh pushed the case for Hugh Roe to succeed, it was his elder half-brother Donnell who emerged as the leading candidate. The Crown chose to support Donnell as it regarded him as the rightful and most stable potential ruler, partly due to the fact that Donnell's mother was a local woman while Hugh Roe's was from Scotland.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Hugh_Roe_O'Donnell
Hugh Roe O'Donnell (died 1505)
Hugh Roe O'Donnell was a leading figure in Gaelic Ireland, ruling the lordship of Tyrconnell in Ulster from 1461 to 1505. He was part of the O'Donnell dynasty that ruled over what is now County Donegal.
O'Donnell visited Dublin in 1464 to submit to the royal authorities. He remained a strong supporter of the Yorkist cause, and supported the claims of the pretender Perkin Warbeck against the Tudors. By 1496 he was eager to repent his actions, along with other Gaelic leaders who had supported Warbeck.
He died in 1505 and was succeeded by his son Hugh Duff O'Donnell, who was also considered a strong ruler who increased O'Donnell power into northern Connaught and enjoyed the support of the Crown authorities in Dublin. Together their reigns are sometimes considered a "golden age" of the O'Donnell's, when compared to the violent succession disputes that followed in the later sixteenth century.
He should not to be confused with the later Hugh Roe O'Donnell, who was his great, great-grandson.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Hugh_Roe_O'Donnell_(died_1505)
Podcasts:
-
Red Hugh O' Donnell Monument Donegal Town Pier
We have dandered along Donegal town pier in a seaward direction and come across this fine sculptural monument commemoration of tribal chief Red Hugh O' Donnell. I know next to nothing about Red Hugh and the writing on the plinth doesn't help at all because the relevant bits are in Irish which I can't read! Using the internet I've managed to fill in the vast gaps in my knowldge. This life size sculpture of Red Hugh O' Donnell is by well known Derry/Londonderry born Maurice Harron. 'Red Hugh O’ Donnell Commemorative, 2007 A work that celebrates the life and legacy of Red Hugh O’ Donnell 1427 – 1505' Red Hugh O’ Donnell or Aodh Rua UaDomhnaill Not to be confused with the more famous Red Hugh O'Donnell (the 2nd) (1572-1602), who led a rebellion against English government in Ireland from 1...
published: 18 Sep 2019 -
Donegal Franciscan Abbey in IRELAND
#DonegalAbbey #Ireland #ExploreIreland PLEASE LIKE THIS VIDEO AND SUBSCRIBE TO MY CHANNEL Donegal Abbey (Irish: Mainistir Dhún na nGall) is a ruined Franciscan Priory in Donegal in Ireland. It was constructed by the O'Donnell dynasty in the fifteenth century. It is sometimes referred to as Donegal Friary. It was built in 1474 on the orders of the leading Gaelic lord of the area, the ruler of Tyrconnell Hugh Roe O'Donnell, the First, and his wife Finola O'Brien. In the Nine Years' War, the Abbey was used for a meeting between the rebel leadership and envoys of the Spanish King Philip II. The Abbey was the scene of fighting during the 1601 Siege of Donegal when a force led by Red Hugh O'Donnell attempted to capture the town from Crown forces led by the Gaelic warrior Niall Garve O'Donnell. ...
published: 19 Nov 2020 -
History of Early Modern Ireland (Part 1) from Gaelic aristocracy to Irish Republicanism
Part 1 of multi-part series History of Early Modern Ireland, Prince O'Neill to Robert Emmet - 1580 1603. To watch the Epic Timeline of Ancient Ireland: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9XOBmDM_j60
published: 24 May 2020 -
Spanish Empire | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Spanish Empire Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio artic...
published: 10 Nov 2018
developed with YouTube
2:05
Red Hugh O' Donnell Monument Donegal Town Pier
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:05
- Uploaded Date: 18 Sep 2019
- views: 869
We have dandered along Donegal town pier in a seaward direction and come across this fine sculptural monument commemoration of tribal chief Red Hugh O' Donnell....
We have dandered along Donegal town pier in a seaward direction and come across this fine sculptural monument commemoration of tribal chief Red Hugh O' Donnell. I know next to nothing about Red Hugh and the writing on the plinth doesn't help at all because the relevant bits are in Irish which I can't read!
Using the internet I've managed to fill in the vast gaps in my knowldge.
This life size sculpture of Red Hugh O' Donnell is by well known Derry/Londonderry born Maurice Harron.
'Red Hugh O’ Donnell Commemorative, 2007
A work that celebrates the life and legacy of
Red Hugh O’ Donnell 1427 – 1505'
Red Hugh O’ Donnell or Aodh Rua UaDomhnaill
Not to be confused with the more famous Red Hugh O'Donnell (the 2nd) (1572-1602), who led a rebellion against English government in Ireland from 1593 and helped to lead the Nine Years War, a revolt against English occupation, from 1595 to 1603. He is sometimes also known as Aodh Rua II or Red Hugh II, especially within County Donegal. (Info from Wikipedia).
( Info taken from www.donegaltown.ie: )
The O'Donnells were noted for their patronage of the church and learning. The Chieftains were always inaugurated head of the clan at a simple ceremony held on Doon Rock at Kilmacrennan. The Chief, or King, was inaugurated by one of the nobles of the clan presenting him with a straight white wand saying, "Receive the sovereignty of this county and preserve equal and impartial justice in every part of its dominions". The white wand was to remind him that he should be unbiased in his judgments and upright in his actions.
The last great battle in which the O'Donnells were involved was the Battle of Kinsale in 1601 where they were badly defeated. Red Hugh (the 2nd) went to Spain to seek help to resume the fight but he died there. Other Chieftains including the O"Donnells and O"Neills were forced into exile. This became known as the Flight of the Earls and it took place from Rathmullan in 1607. Before going they partially destroyed the castle to prevent the English using it. This led to the plantation of Ulster. O"Donnell Castle and their lands were given to an English Captain, Basil Brooke, who carried out major reconstruction work and added a wing to it known as the manor house. Basil Brooke eventually moved to Lough Eske where he built a house.'
https://wn.com/Red_Hugh_O'_Donnell_Monument_Donegal_Town_Pier
We have dandered along Donegal town pier in a seaward direction and come across this fine sculptural monument commemoration of tribal chief Red Hugh O' Donnell. I know next to nothing about Red Hugh and the writing on the plinth doesn't help at all because the relevant bits are in Irish which I can't read!
Using the internet I've managed to fill in the vast gaps in my knowldge.
This life size sculpture of Red Hugh O' Donnell is by well known Derry/Londonderry born Maurice Harron.
'Red Hugh O’ Donnell Commemorative, 2007
A work that celebrates the life and legacy of
Red Hugh O’ Donnell 1427 – 1505'
Red Hugh O’ Donnell or Aodh Rua UaDomhnaill
Not to be confused with the more famous Red Hugh O'Donnell (the 2nd) (1572-1602), who led a rebellion against English government in Ireland from 1593 and helped to lead the Nine Years War, a revolt against English occupation, from 1595 to 1603. He is sometimes also known as Aodh Rua II or Red Hugh II, especially within County Donegal. (Info from Wikipedia).
( Info taken from www.donegaltown.ie: )
The O'Donnells were noted for their patronage of the church and learning. The Chieftains were always inaugurated head of the clan at a simple ceremony held on Doon Rock at Kilmacrennan. The Chief, or King, was inaugurated by one of the nobles of the clan presenting him with a straight white wand saying, "Receive the sovereignty of this county and preserve equal and impartial justice in every part of its dominions". The white wand was to remind him that he should be unbiased in his judgments and upright in his actions.
The last great battle in which the O'Donnells were involved was the Battle of Kinsale in 1601 where they were badly defeated. Red Hugh (the 2nd) went to Spain to seek help to resume the fight but he died there. Other Chieftains including the O"Donnells and O"Neills were forced into exile. This became known as the Flight of the Earls and it took place from Rathmullan in 1607. Before going they partially destroyed the castle to prevent the English using it. This led to the plantation of Ulster. O"Donnell Castle and their lands were given to an English Captain, Basil Brooke, who carried out major reconstruction work and added a wing to it known as the manor house. Basil Brooke eventually moved to Lough Eske where he built a house.'
4:03
Donegal Franciscan Abbey in IRELAND
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:03
- Uploaded Date: 19 Nov 2020
- views: 188
#DonegalAbbey #Ireland #ExploreIreland
PLEASE LIKE THIS VIDEO AND SUBSCRIBE TO MY CHANNEL
Donegal Abbey (Irish: Mainistir Dhún na nGall) is a ruined Franciscan...
#DonegalAbbey #Ireland #ExploreIreland
PLEASE LIKE THIS VIDEO AND SUBSCRIBE TO MY CHANNEL
Donegal Abbey (Irish: Mainistir Dhún na nGall) is a ruined Franciscan Priory in Donegal in Ireland. It was constructed by the O'Donnell dynasty in the fifteenth century. It is sometimes referred to as Donegal Friary.
It was built in 1474 on the orders of the leading Gaelic lord of the area, the ruler of Tyrconnell Hugh Roe O'Donnell, the First, and his wife Finola O'Brien. In the Nine Years' War, the Abbey was used for a meeting between the rebel leadership and envoys of the Spanish King Philip II. The Abbey was the scene of fighting during the 1601 Siege of Donegal when a force led by Red Hugh O'Donnell attempted to capture the town from Crown forces led by the Gaelic warrior Niall Garve O'Donnell. During the fighting Niall Garve's younger brother Conn O'Donnell was killed.
HISTORY
Donegal Abbey was founded in 1474 by Finola O'Donnell and her husband Hugh Roe O'Donnell. Finola was a member of a powerful family of princes in Leinster, while Hugh was the king of Tyrconnell, what is now County Donegal. According to a 17th-century account in Latin by one of the abbey's friars, translated to English by Charles Patrick Meehan, Finola made a journey of around 160KM with a number of women to the monastery at Ross Errilly Friary in County Galway, where Franciscan monks were holding a provincial chapter. The purpose of her journey was to request the founding of a Franciscan monastery in Tyrconnell. Her request was initially refused, but according to the account she replied: "What! I have journeyed a hundred miles to attain the object that has long been dearest to my heart, and will you now venture to deny my prayer? If you do, beware of God’s wrath, for I will appeal to His throne and charge you with the loss of all the souls which your reluctance may cause to perish in the territory of Tirconnell".This plea was successful, and a number of Franciscans agreed to accompany her back to Tyrconnell. They began building the abbey, at a site next to the wharf in Donegal, which the account described as "a lovely spot, and sweetly suggestive of holy meditations".
Later in 1474, before the abbey was completed, Finola O'Donnell died. Hugh Roe married again, to Fingalla O'Brien, and she continued Finola's work, ensuring that the monastery, church cloisters and other features were completed successfully. The abbey was dedicated that same year. In 1505, Hugh Roe O'Donnell died and was succeeded by his son, Hugh Oge. Fingalla withdrew from public life after the accession of her son, living a life of austerity and prayer in a small house close to the abbey.
By 1601, the town of Donegal was under the control of the English crown, following an alliance made between Sir Hugh O'Donnell, a descendent of the original Hugh Roe, and the English as part of the Tudor conquest of Ireland but the original condition of that was that his eldest son, Sir Donal O'Donnell by his first marriage would be the Sheriff of Donegal rather than an English captain. In this way, he kept the English out, while managing dynastic survival. Shortly after the Armada shipwreck of 1588, Sir Donal O'Donnell was knighted and appointed as Sheriff of Donegal by the Lord Deputy William FitzWilliam. Sir Donal was the leading contender in the O'Donnell succession dispute of the 1580s which took place while his father was still alive. His personal jurisdiction covered "that part of Tirconnell from the mountain westwards, i.e. from Barnesmore to the river Drowes, and also all the inhabitants of Boylagh and Tir Boghaine. faced with the eclipse of her son Hugh Roe's position, Iníon Dubh acted usurpively. She had already burnt Donegal Castle, in war against her husband. Next she hired large numbers of Redshank mercenaries from her native Scotland to confront her son's rival. Sir Donal was defeated and killed at the Battle of Doire Leathan on 14 September 1590. Meanwhile, Sir Donal O'Donnell was survived by his only son, Donal Oge O'Donnell. But Sir Hugh's son by his second marriage, Hugh Roe O'Donnell, the Second, was strongly anti-English and began rebel activity from an early age. He was captured twice by English forces, escaping both times, before seeking an alliance with Spain which led to the Nine Years' War. In Hugh Roe's absence, Tyrconnell was ruled by a rival, his cousin Niall Garve O'Donnell, who made terms with the English government and set up his base at the abbey. Hugh Roe attacked in 1601 to try to reclaim the territory, but was unable to do so. During the battle, on 10 August 1601, a fire broke out at the abbey which in turn ignited a store of gunpowder kept by Niall Garve. The resulting explosion destroyed most of the building and killed hundreds of Niall Garve's soldiers, including his brother Conn Oge O'Donnell.
The abbey was not rebuilt, and remains in ruins, but the Franciscan friars set up a new base at a refuge close to the River Drowes.
https://wn.com/Donegal_Franciscan_Abbey_In_Ireland
#DonegalAbbey #Ireland #ExploreIreland
PLEASE LIKE THIS VIDEO AND SUBSCRIBE TO MY CHANNEL
Donegal Abbey (Irish: Mainistir Dhún na nGall) is a ruined Franciscan Priory in Donegal in Ireland. It was constructed by the O'Donnell dynasty in the fifteenth century. It is sometimes referred to as Donegal Friary.
It was built in 1474 on the orders of the leading Gaelic lord of the area, the ruler of Tyrconnell Hugh Roe O'Donnell, the First, and his wife Finola O'Brien. In the Nine Years' War, the Abbey was used for a meeting between the rebel leadership and envoys of the Spanish King Philip II. The Abbey was the scene of fighting during the 1601 Siege of Donegal when a force led by Red Hugh O'Donnell attempted to capture the town from Crown forces led by the Gaelic warrior Niall Garve O'Donnell. During the fighting Niall Garve's younger brother Conn O'Donnell was killed.
HISTORY
Donegal Abbey was founded in 1474 by Finola O'Donnell and her husband Hugh Roe O'Donnell. Finola was a member of a powerful family of princes in Leinster, while Hugh was the king of Tyrconnell, what is now County Donegal. According to a 17th-century account in Latin by one of the abbey's friars, translated to English by Charles Patrick Meehan, Finola made a journey of around 160KM with a number of women to the monastery at Ross Errilly Friary in County Galway, where Franciscan monks were holding a provincial chapter. The purpose of her journey was to request the founding of a Franciscan monastery in Tyrconnell. Her request was initially refused, but according to the account she replied: "What! I have journeyed a hundred miles to attain the object that has long been dearest to my heart, and will you now venture to deny my prayer? If you do, beware of God’s wrath, for I will appeal to His throne and charge you with the loss of all the souls which your reluctance may cause to perish in the territory of Tirconnell".This plea was successful, and a number of Franciscans agreed to accompany her back to Tyrconnell. They began building the abbey, at a site next to the wharf in Donegal, which the account described as "a lovely spot, and sweetly suggestive of holy meditations".
Later in 1474, before the abbey was completed, Finola O'Donnell died. Hugh Roe married again, to Fingalla O'Brien, and she continued Finola's work, ensuring that the monastery, church cloisters and other features were completed successfully. The abbey was dedicated that same year. In 1505, Hugh Roe O'Donnell died and was succeeded by his son, Hugh Oge. Fingalla withdrew from public life after the accession of her son, living a life of austerity and prayer in a small house close to the abbey.
By 1601, the town of Donegal was under the control of the English crown, following an alliance made between Sir Hugh O'Donnell, a descendent of the original Hugh Roe, and the English as part of the Tudor conquest of Ireland but the original condition of that was that his eldest son, Sir Donal O'Donnell by his first marriage would be the Sheriff of Donegal rather than an English captain. In this way, he kept the English out, while managing dynastic survival. Shortly after the Armada shipwreck of 1588, Sir Donal O'Donnell was knighted and appointed as Sheriff of Donegal by the Lord Deputy William FitzWilliam. Sir Donal was the leading contender in the O'Donnell succession dispute of the 1580s which took place while his father was still alive. His personal jurisdiction covered "that part of Tirconnell from the mountain westwards, i.e. from Barnesmore to the river Drowes, and also all the inhabitants of Boylagh and Tir Boghaine. faced with the eclipse of her son Hugh Roe's position, Iníon Dubh acted usurpively. She had already burnt Donegal Castle, in war against her husband. Next she hired large numbers of Redshank mercenaries from her native Scotland to confront her son's rival. Sir Donal was defeated and killed at the Battle of Doire Leathan on 14 September 1590. Meanwhile, Sir Donal O'Donnell was survived by his only son, Donal Oge O'Donnell. But Sir Hugh's son by his second marriage, Hugh Roe O'Donnell, the Second, was strongly anti-English and began rebel activity from an early age. He was captured twice by English forces, escaping both times, before seeking an alliance with Spain which led to the Nine Years' War. In Hugh Roe's absence, Tyrconnell was ruled by a rival, his cousin Niall Garve O'Donnell, who made terms with the English government and set up his base at the abbey. Hugh Roe attacked in 1601 to try to reclaim the territory, but was unable to do so. During the battle, on 10 August 1601, a fire broke out at the abbey which in turn ignited a store of gunpowder kept by Niall Garve. The resulting explosion destroyed most of the building and killed hundreds of Niall Garve's soldiers, including his brother Conn Oge O'Donnell.
The abbey was not rebuilt, and remains in ruins, but the Franciscan friars set up a new base at a refuge close to the River Drowes.
- published: 19 Nov 2020
- views: 188
15:28
History of Early Modern Ireland (Part 1) from Gaelic aristocracy to Irish Republicanism
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 15:28
- Uploaded Date: 24 May 2020
- views: 1672
Part 1 of multi-part series History of Early Modern Ireland, Prince O'Neill to Robert Emmet - 1580 1603.
To watch the Epic Timeline of Ancient Ireland: http...
Part 1 of multi-part series History of Early Modern Ireland, Prince O'Neill to Robert Emmet - 1580 1603.
To watch the Epic Timeline of Ancient Ireland: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9XOBmDM_j60
https://wn.com/History_Of_Early_Modern_Ireland_(Part_1)_From_Gaelic_Aristocracy_To_Irish_Republicanism
Part 1 of multi-part series History of Early Modern Ireland, Prince O'Neill to Robert Emmet - 1580 1603.
To watch the Epic Timeline of Ancient Ireland: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9XOBmDM_j60
- published: 24 May 2020
- views: 1672
3:06:11
Spanish Empire | Wikipedia audio article
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:06:11
- Uploaded Date: 10 Nov 2018
- views: 410
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Spanish Empire
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language o...
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Spanish Empire
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
The Spanish Empire (Spanish: Imperio Español; Latin: Imperium Hispanicum), historically known as the Hispanic Monarchy (Spanish: Monarquía Hispánica) and as the Catholic Monarchy (Spanish: Monarquía Católica) was one of the largest empires in history. From the late 15th century to the early 19th, Spain controlled a huge overseas territory in the New World and the Asian archipelago of the Philippines, what they called "The Indies" (Spanish: Las Indias). It also included territories in Europe, Africa and Oceania. The Spanish Empire has been described as the first global empire in history, a description also given to the Portuguese Empire. It was the world's most powerful empire during the 16th and first half of the 17th centuries, reaching its maximum extension in the 18th century. The Spanish Empire was the first empire to be called "the empire on which the sun never sets".Castile became the dominant kingdom in Iberia because of its jurisdiction over the overseas empire in the Americas and the Philippines. The structure of empire was established under the Spanish Hapsburgs (1516–1700) and under the Spanish Bourbon monarchs, the empire was brought under greater crown control and increased its revenues from the Indies. The crown's authority in The Indies was enlarged by the papal grant of powers of patronage, giving it power in the religious sphere. An important element in the formation of Spain's empire was the dynastic union between Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon, known as the Catholic Monarchs, which initiated political, religious and social cohesion but not political unification. Iberian kingdoms retained their political identities, with particular administration and juridical configurations.
Although the power of the Spanish sovereign as monarch varied from one territory to another, the monarch acted as such in a unitary manner over all the ruler's territories through a system of councils: the unity did not mean uniformity. In 1580, when Philip II of Spain succeeded to the throne of Portugal (as Philip I), he established the Council of Portugal, which oversaw Portugal and its empire and "preserv[ed] its own laws, institutions, and monetary system, and united only in sharing a common sovereign." The Iberian Union remained in place until in 1640, when Portugal overthrew Hapsburg rule and reestablished independence under the House of Braganza. Under Philip, Spain, rather than the Hapsburg empire, was identified as the most powerful nation in the world, easily eclipsing France and England. Furthermore, despite attacks from other European states, Spain retained its position of dominance with apparent ease.
The Battle of Pavia (1525) marked the beginning of Spanish dominance in Italy. Spain's claims to Naples and Sicily in southern Italy dated back to the 15th century, but had been marred by rival claims until the mid-16th century. While Venice, the Papal States, Este, and Savoy retained their independence, the rest of the Italian Peninsula either became part of the Spanish Empire or looked to it for protection. There would be no Italian revolts against Spanish rule until 1647. The death of the Ottoman emperor Suleiman the Magnificent in 1566 and the naval victory over the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Lepanto in 1571 gave Spain a claim to be the greatest power not just in Europe but also in the world. The Spanish Empire comprised territories and colonies of the Spanish Monarch in the Americas, Asia (Philippines),
Europe and some territories in Africa and Oceania.
The Spanish Empire in the Americas was formed after conquering large stretches of land, beginning with Christopher Columbus in the Caribbean Islands. In the early 16th century, it conquered and incorporated the Aztec and Inca Empires, retaining indigenous elites loyal to the Spanish crown and converts to Christianity as intermediaries between their communities and royal government. After a short period of delegation of autho ...
https://wn.com/Spanish_Empire_|_Wikipedia_Audio_Article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Spanish Empire
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
The Spanish Empire (Spanish: Imperio Español; Latin: Imperium Hispanicum), historically known as the Hispanic Monarchy (Spanish: Monarquía Hispánica) and as the Catholic Monarchy (Spanish: Monarquía Católica) was one of the largest empires in history. From the late 15th century to the early 19th, Spain controlled a huge overseas territory in the New World and the Asian archipelago of the Philippines, what they called "The Indies" (Spanish: Las Indias). It also included territories in Europe, Africa and Oceania. The Spanish Empire has been described as the first global empire in history, a description also given to the Portuguese Empire. It was the world's most powerful empire during the 16th and first half of the 17th centuries, reaching its maximum extension in the 18th century. The Spanish Empire was the first empire to be called "the empire on which the sun never sets".Castile became the dominant kingdom in Iberia because of its jurisdiction over the overseas empire in the Americas and the Philippines. The structure of empire was established under the Spanish Hapsburgs (1516–1700) and under the Spanish Bourbon monarchs, the empire was brought under greater crown control and increased its revenues from the Indies. The crown's authority in The Indies was enlarged by the papal grant of powers of patronage, giving it power in the religious sphere. An important element in the formation of Spain's empire was the dynastic union between Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon, known as the Catholic Monarchs, which initiated political, religious and social cohesion but not political unification. Iberian kingdoms retained their political identities, with particular administration and juridical configurations.
Although the power of the Spanish sovereign as monarch varied from one territory to another, the monarch acted as such in a unitary manner over all the ruler's territories through a system of councils: the unity did not mean uniformity. In 1580, when Philip II of Spain succeeded to the throne of Portugal (as Philip I), he established the Council of Portugal, which oversaw Portugal and its empire and "preserv[ed] its own laws, institutions, and monetary system, and united only in sharing a common sovereign." The Iberian Union remained in place until in 1640, when Portugal overthrew Hapsburg rule and reestablished independence under the House of Braganza. Under Philip, Spain, rather than the Hapsburg empire, was identified as the most powerful nation in the world, easily eclipsing France and England. Furthermore, despite attacks from other European states, Spain retained its position of dominance with apparent ease.
The Battle of Pavia (1525) marked the beginning of Spanish dominance in Italy. Spain's claims to Naples and Sicily in southern Italy dated back to the 15th century, but had been marred by rival claims until the mid-16th century. While Venice, the Papal States, Este, and Savoy retained their independence, the rest of the Italian Peninsula either became part of the Spanish Empire or looked to it for protection. There would be no Italian revolts against Spanish rule until 1647. The death of the Ottoman emperor Suleiman the Magnificent in 1566 and the naval victory over the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Lepanto in 1571 gave Spain a claim to be the greatest power not just in Europe but also in the world. The Spanish Empire comprised territories and colonies of the Spanish Monarch in the Americas, Asia (Philippines),
Europe and some territories in Africa and Oceania.
The Spanish Empire in the Americas was formed after conquering large stretches of land, beginning with Christopher Columbus in the Caribbean Islands. In the early 16th century, it conquered and incorporated the Aztec and Inca Empires, retaining indigenous elites loyal to the Spanish crown and converts to Christianity as intermediaries between their communities and royal government. After a short period of delegation of autho ...
- published: 10 Nov 2018
- views: 410
2:05
Red Hugh O' Donnell Monument Donegal Town Pier
We have dandered along Donegal town pier in a seaward direction and come across this fine ...
published: 18 Sep 2019
Red Hugh O' Donnell Monument Donegal Town Pier
Red Hugh O' Donnell Monument Donegal Town Pier
- Report rights infringement
- published: 18 Sep 2019
- views: 869
We have dandered along Donegal town pier in a seaward direction and come across this fine sculptural monument commemoration of tribal chief Red Hugh O' Donnell. I know next to nothing about Red Hugh and the writing on the plinth doesn't help at all because the relevant bits are in Irish which I can't read!
Using the internet I've managed to fill in the vast gaps in my knowldge.
This life size sculpture of Red Hugh O' Donnell is by well known Derry/Londonderry born Maurice Harron.
'Red Hugh O’ Donnell Commemorative, 2007
A work that celebrates the life and legacy of
Red Hugh O’ Donnell 1427 – 1505'
Red Hugh O’ Donnell or Aodh Rua UaDomhnaill
Not to be confused with the more famous Red Hugh O'Donnell (the 2nd) (1572-1602), who led a rebellion against English government in Ireland from 1593 and helped to lead the Nine Years War, a revolt against English occupation, from 1595 to 1603. He is sometimes also known as Aodh Rua II or Red Hugh II, especially within County Donegal. (Info from Wikipedia).
( Info taken from www.donegaltown.ie: )
The O'Donnells were noted for their patronage of the church and learning. The Chieftains were always inaugurated head of the clan at a simple ceremony held on Doon Rock at Kilmacrennan. The Chief, or King, was inaugurated by one of the nobles of the clan presenting him with a straight white wand saying, "Receive the sovereignty of this county and preserve equal and impartial justice in every part of its dominions". The white wand was to remind him that he should be unbiased in his judgments and upright in his actions.
The last great battle in which the O'Donnells were involved was the Battle of Kinsale in 1601 where they were badly defeated. Red Hugh (the 2nd) went to Spain to seek help to resume the fight but he died there. Other Chieftains including the O"Donnells and O"Neills were forced into exile. This became known as the Flight of the Earls and it took place from Rathmullan in 1607. Before going they partially destroyed the castle to prevent the English using it. This led to the plantation of Ulster. O"Donnell Castle and their lands were given to an English Captain, Basil Brooke, who carried out major reconstruction work and added a wing to it known as the manor house. Basil Brooke eventually moved to Lough Eske where he built a house.'
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Donegal Franciscan Abbey in IRELAND
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Donegal Franciscan Abbey in IRELAND
Donegal Franciscan Abbey in IRELAND
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Donegal Abbey (Irish: Mainistir Dhún na nGall) is a ruined Franciscan Priory in Donegal in Ireland. It was constructed by the O'Donnell dynasty in the fifteenth century. It is sometimes referred to as Donegal Friary.
It was built in 1474 on the orders of the leading Gaelic lord of the area, the ruler of Tyrconnell Hugh Roe O'Donnell, the First, and his wife Finola O'Brien. In the Nine Years' War, the Abbey was used for a meeting between the rebel leadership and envoys of the Spanish King Philip II. The Abbey was the scene of fighting during the 1601 Siege of Donegal when a force led by Red Hugh O'Donnell attempted to capture the town from Crown forces led by the Gaelic warrior Niall Garve O'Donnell. During the fighting Niall Garve's younger brother Conn O'Donnell was killed.
HISTORY
Donegal Abbey was founded in 1474 by Finola O'Donnell and her husband Hugh Roe O'Donnell. Finola was a member of a powerful family of princes in Leinster, while Hugh was the king of Tyrconnell, what is now County Donegal. According to a 17th-century account in Latin by one of the abbey's friars, translated to English by Charles Patrick Meehan, Finola made a journey of around 160KM with a number of women to the monastery at Ross Errilly Friary in County Galway, where Franciscan monks were holding a provincial chapter. The purpose of her journey was to request the founding of a Franciscan monastery in Tyrconnell. Her request was initially refused, but according to the account she replied: "What! I have journeyed a hundred miles to attain the object that has long been dearest to my heart, and will you now venture to deny my prayer? If you do, beware of God’s wrath, for I will appeal to His throne and charge you with the loss of all the souls which your reluctance may cause to perish in the territory of Tirconnell".This plea was successful, and a number of Franciscans agreed to accompany her back to Tyrconnell. They began building the abbey, at a site next to the wharf in Donegal, which the account described as "a lovely spot, and sweetly suggestive of holy meditations".
Later in 1474, before the abbey was completed, Finola O'Donnell died. Hugh Roe married again, to Fingalla O'Brien, and she continued Finola's work, ensuring that the monastery, church cloisters and other features were completed successfully. The abbey was dedicated that same year. In 1505, Hugh Roe O'Donnell died and was succeeded by his son, Hugh Oge. Fingalla withdrew from public life after the accession of her son, living a life of austerity and prayer in a small house close to the abbey.
By 1601, the town of Donegal was under the control of the English crown, following an alliance made between Sir Hugh O'Donnell, a descendent of the original Hugh Roe, and the English as part of the Tudor conquest of Ireland but the original condition of that was that his eldest son, Sir Donal O'Donnell by his first marriage would be the Sheriff of Donegal rather than an English captain. In this way, he kept the English out, while managing dynastic survival. Shortly after the Armada shipwreck of 1588, Sir Donal O'Donnell was knighted and appointed as Sheriff of Donegal by the Lord Deputy William FitzWilliam. Sir Donal was the leading contender in the O'Donnell succession dispute of the 1580s which took place while his father was still alive. His personal jurisdiction covered "that part of Tirconnell from the mountain westwards, i.e. from Barnesmore to the river Drowes, and also all the inhabitants of Boylagh and Tir Boghaine. faced with the eclipse of her son Hugh Roe's position, Iníon Dubh acted usurpively. She had already burnt Donegal Castle, in war against her husband. Next she hired large numbers of Redshank mercenaries from her native Scotland to confront her son's rival. Sir Donal was defeated and killed at the Battle of Doire Leathan on 14 September 1590. Meanwhile, Sir Donal O'Donnell was survived by his only son, Donal Oge O'Donnell. But Sir Hugh's son by his second marriage, Hugh Roe O'Donnell, the Second, was strongly anti-English and began rebel activity from an early age. He was captured twice by English forces, escaping both times, before seeking an alliance with Spain which led to the Nine Years' War. In Hugh Roe's absence, Tyrconnell was ruled by a rival, his cousin Niall Garve O'Donnell, who made terms with the English government and set up his base at the abbey. Hugh Roe attacked in 1601 to try to reclaim the territory, but was unable to do so. During the battle, on 10 August 1601, a fire broke out at the abbey which in turn ignited a store of gunpowder kept by Niall Garve. The resulting explosion destroyed most of the building and killed hundreds of Niall Garve's soldiers, including his brother Conn Oge O'Donnell.
The abbey was not rebuilt, and remains in ruins, but the Franciscan friars set up a new base at a refuge close to the River Drowes.
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History of Early Modern Ireland (Part 1) from Gaelic aristocracy to Irish Republicanism
Part 1 of multi-part series History of Early Modern Ireland, Prince O'Neill to Robert Emme...
published: 24 May 2020
History of Early Modern Ireland (Part 1) from Gaelic aristocracy to Irish Republicanism
History of Early Modern Ireland (Part 1) from Gaelic aristocracy to Irish Republicanism
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Part 1 of multi-part series History of Early Modern Ireland, Prince O'Neill to Robert Emmet - 1580 1603.
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Spanish Empire | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Spanish Empire
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Spanish Empire | Wikipedia audio article
Spanish Empire | Wikipedia audio article
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This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Spanish Empire
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SUMMARY
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The Spanish Empire (Spanish: Imperio Español; Latin: Imperium Hispanicum), historically known as the Hispanic Monarchy (Spanish: Monarquía Hispánica) and as the Catholic Monarchy (Spanish: Monarquía Católica) was one of the largest empires in history. From the late 15th century to the early 19th, Spain controlled a huge overseas territory in the New World and the Asian archipelago of the Philippines, what they called "The Indies" (Spanish: Las Indias). It also included territories in Europe, Africa and Oceania. The Spanish Empire has been described as the first global empire in history, a description also given to the Portuguese Empire. It was the world's most powerful empire during the 16th and first half of the 17th centuries, reaching its maximum extension in the 18th century. The Spanish Empire was the first empire to be called "the empire on which the sun never sets".Castile became the dominant kingdom in Iberia because of its jurisdiction over the overseas empire in the Americas and the Philippines. The structure of empire was established under the Spanish Hapsburgs (1516–1700) and under the Spanish Bourbon monarchs, the empire was brought under greater crown control and increased its revenues from the Indies. The crown's authority in The Indies was enlarged by the papal grant of powers of patronage, giving it power in the religious sphere. An important element in the formation of Spain's empire was the dynastic union between Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon, known as the Catholic Monarchs, which initiated political, religious and social cohesion but not political unification. Iberian kingdoms retained their political identities, with particular administration and juridical configurations.
Although the power of the Spanish sovereign as monarch varied from one territory to another, the monarch acted as such in a unitary manner over all the ruler's territories through a system of councils: the unity did not mean uniformity. In 1580, when Philip II of Spain succeeded to the throne of Portugal (as Philip I), he established the Council of Portugal, which oversaw Portugal and its empire and "preserv[ed] its own laws, institutions, and monetary system, and united only in sharing a common sovereign." The Iberian Union remained in place until in 1640, when Portugal overthrew Hapsburg rule and reestablished independence under the House of Braganza. Under Philip, Spain, rather than the Hapsburg empire, was identified as the most powerful nation in the world, easily eclipsing France and England. Furthermore, despite attacks from other European states, Spain retained its position of dominance with apparent ease.
The Battle of Pavia (1525) marked the beginning of Spanish dominance in Italy. Spain's claims to Naples and Sicily in southern Italy dated back to the 15th century, but had been marred by rival claims until the mid-16th century. While Venice, the Papal States, Este, and Savoy retained their independence, the rest of the Italian Peninsula either became part of the Spanish Empire or looked to it for protection. There would be no Italian revolts against Spanish rule until 1647. The death of the Ottoman emperor Suleiman the Magnificent in 1566 and the naval victory over the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Lepanto in 1571 gave Spain a claim to be the greatest power not just in Europe but also in the world. The Spanish Empire comprised territories and colonies of the Spanish Monarch in the Americas, Asia (Philippines),
Europe and some territories in Africa and Oceania.
The Spanish Empire in the Americas was formed after conquering large stretches of land, beginning with Christopher Columbus in the Caribbean Islands. In the early 16th century, it conquered and incorporated the Aztec and Inca Empires, retaining indigenous elites loyal to the Spanish crown and converts to Christianity as intermediaries between their communities and royal government. After a short period of delegation of autho ...
Hugh Roe O'Donnell
Aodh Ruadh Ó Domhnaill, anglicised as Red Hugh O'Donnell (1572 – 10 September 1602), was "The O'Donnell" and king of Tyrconnell (modern-day County Donegal, Republic of Ireland). He led a rebellion against English government in Ireland from 1593 and helped to lead the Nine Years' War from 1595 to 1603. He is sometimes also known as Aodh Ruadh II or Red Hugh II, especially within County Donegal.
Biography
Early life, imprisonment, and escape
For the political context of O'Donnell's life see the Tudor conquest of Ireland
Hugh Roe O'Donnell was born to the Gaelic Lord of Tyrconnell, Sir Hugh O'Donnell, and his second wife, the Ineen Dubh, in 1572. He had numerous brothers and sisters including Donnell, Rory and Cathbarr. Sir Hugh was a long-standing ally of the Crown, in attempt to counterbalance the power of Shane O'Neill and Turlough Luineach O'Neill the rulers of neighboring Tyrone. In Sir Hugh's later years, a long-running succession dispute broke out to determine who would succeed him. Although Ineen Dubh pushed the case for Hugh Roe to succeed, it was his elder half-brother Donnell who emerged as the leading candidate. The Crown chose to support Donnell as it regarded him as the rightful and most stable potential ruler, partly due to the fact that Donnell's mother was a local woman while Hugh Roe's was from Scotland.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Hugh_Roe_O'Donnell
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Donegal Franciscan Abbey in IRELAND...
History of Early Modern Ireland (Part 1) from Gael...
Spanish Empire | Wikipedia audio article...
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by Cry Of The Afflicted
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by Galloglass
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by We Are Defiance
The Assembly
by: Cry Of The AfflictedGather the memoirs, all the essential thoughts
Or the assembly will weave the threads of our laws
They will advance the ruse, they are the deceivers
Together plotting to censure the truth
Idle minds left to their own desires
Will indulge the corruption bred, they will comply
Can you taste the poison they nurture?
Will we permit the agents to govern?
Discount their doctrines, demand to be heard
Join with the malcontents gathered here now
We will oppose the grasp of the strongarm clutching our throats
United in numbers we stand for the blind
Endure for the hidden slaves, call them by name
The assembly is destined to fall forever in pain
Can you taste the poison they nurture?
Will we permit the agents to govern?
Cast your vote by show of hand