There are several theories regarding the origin of the word hooliganism, which is a derivative of the word hooligan. The Compact Oxford English Dictionary states that the word may have originated from the surname of a fictional rowdy Irish family in a music hall song of the 1890s. Clarence Rook, in his 1899 book, Hooligan Nights, wrote that the word came from Patrick Hoolihan (or Hooligan), an Irish bouncer and thief who lived in London. In 2015, it was said in the BBC Scotland TV programme The Secret Life of Midges that the English commander-in-chief during the Jacobite rising of 1745, General Wade, misheard the local Scots Gaelic word for midge—meanbh-chuileag—and coined the word hooligan to describe his fury and frustration at the way the tiny biting creatures made the life of his soldiers and himself a misery; this derivation may be apocryphal.
Early usage
The first use of the term is unknown, but the word first appeared in print in London police-court reports in 1894 referring to the name of a gang of youths in the Lambeth area of London—the Hooligan Boys, and later—the O'Hooligan Boys.
This album is most notable as the first U.S. album release to include three hard to find Who singles. The 1971 UK single "Let's See Action" was not released in the U.S., and for this album the title was changed to "(Nothing Is Everything) Let's See Action". Two other singles "Join Together" and "Relay" were released both in the UK and US in 1972. The U.S. release of "Relay" was re-titled "The Relay". An edited version of the latter (shortened by about 20 seconds) appears on this album.
Track listing
All tracks written by Pete Townshend except where noted.
Green Street is a 2005 British-American independent drama film about football hooliganism. It was directed by Lexi Alexander and stars Elijah Wood and Charlie Hunnam. In the United Kingdom, it is called Green Street. In the United States, Australia and South Africa, the film is called Green Street Hooligans. In other countries, it is called Football Hooligans or just Hooligans. In the film, an American college student falls in with a violent West Hamfootball firm (the Green Street Elite) run by his brother-in-law's younger brother and is morally transformed by their commitment to each other.
The story was developed by Lexi Alexander, based on her own experience in her brother's firm. Unwilling to shoot the film with German speaking actors, Lexi decided to adapt the heart of the story into the world of English hooliganism. While researching the subject on British internet forums, she came across a self-described hooligan who urged her to contact author Dougie Brimson. Brimson later admitted that he had been the hooligan who had initially made contact and had used a false identity to sound out Alexander and establish both her identity and her credibility.
An official is someone who holds an office (function or mandate, regardless whether it carries an actual working space with it) in an organization or government and participates in the exercise of authority (either his own or that of his superior and/or employer, public or legally private).
A government official or functionary is an official who is involved in public administration or government, through either election, appointment, selection, or employment. A bureaucrat or civil servant is a member of the bureaucracy. An elected official is a person who is an official by virtue of an election. Officials may also be appointed ex officio (by virtue of another office, often in a specified capacity, such as presiding, advisory, secretary). Some official positions may be inherited. A person who currently holds an office is referred to as an incumbent.
The word official as a noun has been recorded since the Middle English period, first seen in 1314. It comes from the Old Frenchofficial (12th century), from the Latinofficialis ("attendant to a magistrate, public official"), the noun use of the original adjectiveofficialis ("of or belonging to duty, service, or office") from officium ("office"). The meaning "person in charge of some public work or duty" was first recorded in 1555. The adjective is first attested in English in 1533, via the Old French oficial.
A bright orange coloured flag that is thrown on the field toward or at the spot of a foul. It is wrapped around a weight, such as sand, beans, or small ball, so it can be thrown with some distance and accuracy.
Bean Bag
Used to mark various spots that are not fouls. For example, it is used to mark the spot of a fumble or where a player caught a punt.
Down Indicator
A specially designed wristband that is used to remind officials of the current down. It has an elastic loop attached to it that is wrapped around the fingers. Usually, officials put the loop around their index finger when it is first down, the middle finger when it is second down, and so on. Instead of the custom-designed indicator, some officials use two thick rubber bands tied together as a down indicator: one rubber band is used as the wristband and the other is looped over the fingers. Some officials, especially Umpires, may also use a second indicator to keep track of where the ball was placed between the hash marks before the play (i.e. the right hash marks, the left ones, or at the midpoint between the two). This is important when they re-spot the ball after an incomplete pass.
Rugby league match officials are responsible for fairly enforcing the Laws of the Game from a neutral point of view during a match of rugby league football and imposing penalties for deliberate breaches of these Laws. The most senior match official is the referee, they may be assisted by a range of other officials depending on the level and rules of the competition.
Equipment
The match officials may use the following equipment:
Uniform
Match officials on the playing field including the referee, touch judges and in-goal judges all wear an official uniform of a colour distinguishable from those being worn by the two sides playing each other. These uniforms have no special markings to signify the official capacity of the wearer, instead this can be identified by the positioning and equipment of the official.
Refereeing systems
Different refereeing systems are in use:
Positions and responsibilities
Referee
The players of each team should be made available for kit inspection. The referee inspects the playing kit of the two teams to ensure it is within the rules, safety is the main concern. The boots worn by players can be of particular interest so as to make sure that there are no sharp edges. The strapping worn by some players has also been scrutinised.
Football Beasts: An inside look at Europe’s football hooligan subculture
They’re known as football hooligans. They relish in the thrill of battle and prepare for it. In some places, there are rudimentary rules for fights, in other ‘old school’ countries there are none.
Watch more films about Sport: https://rtd.rt.com/tags/sport/?page=1
The members of these violent gangs fancy themselves comrades in arms defending the honour of their city’s football club. But most people consider them nothing but a bunch of beasts.
Videos and photos of hordes of football hooligans on the rampage have been front and centre in the press in recent years. However, little has emerged about who these people are, or why they behave the way they do. In this behind the scenes look into the world of hooliganism, you’ll meet some of these violent individuals and find out what makes them...
published: 24 Apr 2018
Why the Far Right Tries to Recruit Football Hooligans | Decade of Hate
For decades, football and the far right have interacted with each other in various ways across the globe. This interaction often involves a small subset of fans – ‘ultras’, ‘casuals’, ‘hooligans’, the definitions change depending on where you are in the world – who are seen as the most devoted, fanatical followers of their football clubs, often engaging in extreme violence with each other.
But what is it about hooligans that makes them a target of far-right recruitment?
This is how, from London to Belgrade to Jerusalem, right-wing movements and political parties have attempted to co-opt the testosterone-charged energy of the football terraces, and turn it into a ready-made weapon to silence opponents. But also how rival hooligan firms can put aside their differences, just as they do fo...
published: 27 Aug 2021
Soccer Hooligans In Russia Are Trained, Organized, And Violent: The Most Feared Fans (HBO)
Soccer is known worldwide for its passionate fans, and every soccer-mad country has its hooligans who get sloppy and start brawls. But in Russia, these hooligans are trained, organized, and brutally violent.
These organized gangs of hooligans, referred to as “firms,” are becoming more prominent around the country. At the European Soccer Championship last summer, violent clashes in Marseilles showcased the professional fighting prowess of Russian hooligans.
Russia hosting the World Cup in 2018 has put pressure on law enforcement to crack down on the “firms,” who put close to 30 England supporters in the hospital after the 2016 Euro Cup.
VICE News correspondent Ben Makuch reports from Russia ,where he meets with some career hooligans. Despite having the support of some people in the gover...
published: 23 Feb 2017
Millwall Hooligans (1977)
Documentary on the Millwall supporters
published: 08 Jul 2018
Euro 2020 final: England hooligans shame nation
Fighting in central London, storming of security barriers at Wembley stadium and Italian fans attacked in the street.
It felt like a return to the bad old days when England was better known for its hooliganism than its football.
And with the racist abuse of some England players on social media, it added up to a night of shame for English football.
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published: 12 Jul 2021
Green Street Hooligans full movie english
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They’re known as football hooligans. They relish in the thrill of battle and prepare for it. In some places, there are rudimentary rules for fights, in other ‘o...
They’re known as football hooligans. They relish in the thrill of battle and prepare for it. In some places, there are rudimentary rules for fights, in other ‘old school’ countries there are none.
Watch more films about Sport: https://rtd.rt.com/tags/sport/?page=1
The members of these violent gangs fancy themselves comrades in arms defending the honour of their city’s football club. But most people consider them nothing but a bunch of beasts.
Videos and photos of hordes of football hooligans on the rampage have been front and centre in the press in recent years. However, little has emerged about who these people are, or why they behave the way they do. In this behind the scenes look into the world of hooliganism, you’ll meet some of these violent individuals and find out what makes them tick.
In the end, it would seem, love of the fight trumps love of the game.
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They’re known as football hooligans. They relish in the thrill of battle and prepare for it. In some places, there are rudimentary rules for fights, in other ‘old school’ countries there are none.
Watch more films about Sport: https://rtd.rt.com/tags/sport/?page=1
The members of these violent gangs fancy themselves comrades in arms defending the honour of their city’s football club. But most people consider them nothing but a bunch of beasts.
Videos and photos of hordes of football hooligans on the rampage have been front and centre in the press in recent years. However, little has emerged about who these people are, or why they behave the way they do. In this behind the scenes look into the world of hooliganism, you’ll meet some of these violent individuals and find out what makes them tick.
In the end, it would seem, love of the fight trumps love of the game.
SUBSCRIBE TO RTD Channel to get documentaries firsthand! http://bit.ly/1MgFbVy
FOLLOW US
RTD WEBSITE: https://RTD.rt.com/
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For decades, football and the far right have interacted with each other in various ways across the globe. This interaction often involves a small subset of fans...
For decades, football and the far right have interacted with each other in various ways across the globe. This interaction often involves a small subset of fans – ‘ultras’, ‘casuals’, ‘hooligans’, the definitions change depending on where you are in the world – who are seen as the most devoted, fanatical followers of their football clubs, often engaging in extreme violence with each other.
But what is it about hooligans that makes them a target of far-right recruitment?
This is how, from London to Belgrade to Jerusalem, right-wing movements and political parties have attempted to co-opt the testosterone-charged energy of the football terraces, and turn it into a ready-made weapon to silence opponents. But also how rival hooligan firms can put aside their differences, just as they do for international games, and form their own far-right movements.
Watch more from this series:
How the Far Right Use Memes to Recruit
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gc2fIeVsucM
The Rise and Fall of Generation Identity
https://youtu.be/7deTQz2YMxI
The Far Right Used the War In Ukraine as Training
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xC1oCpnDURc
About VICE:
The Definitive Guide To Enlightening Information. From every corner of the planet, our immersive, caustic, ground-breaking and often bizarre stories have changed the way people think about culture, crime, art, parties, fashion, protest, the internet and other subjects that don't even have names yet. Browse the growing library and discover corners of the world you never knew existed. Welcome to VICE.
Connect with VICE:
Check out our full video catalog: http://bit.ly/VICE-Videos
Videos, daily editorial and more: http://vice.com
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For decades, football and the far right have interacted with each other in various ways across the globe. This interaction often involves a small subset of fans – ‘ultras’, ‘casuals’, ‘hooligans’, the definitions change depending on where you are in the world – who are seen as the most devoted, fanatical followers of their football clubs, often engaging in extreme violence with each other.
But what is it about hooligans that makes them a target of far-right recruitment?
This is how, from London to Belgrade to Jerusalem, right-wing movements and political parties have attempted to co-opt the testosterone-charged energy of the football terraces, and turn it into a ready-made weapon to silence opponents. But also how rival hooligan firms can put aside their differences, just as they do for international games, and form their own far-right movements.
Watch more from this series:
How the Far Right Use Memes to Recruit
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gc2fIeVsucM
The Rise and Fall of Generation Identity
https://youtu.be/7deTQz2YMxI
The Far Right Used the War In Ukraine as Training
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xC1oCpnDURc
About VICE:
The Definitive Guide To Enlightening Information. From every corner of the planet, our immersive, caustic, ground-breaking and often bizarre stories have changed the way people think about culture, crime, art, parties, fashion, protest, the internet and other subjects that don't even have names yet. Browse the growing library and discover corners of the world you never knew existed. Welcome to VICE.
Connect with VICE:
Check out our full video catalog: http://bit.ly/VICE-Videos
Videos, daily editorial and more: http://vice.com
More videos from the VICE network: https://www.fb.com/vicevideo
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Waypoint: https://www.youtube.com/WaypointVICE
Soccer is known worldwide for its passionate fans, and every soccer-mad country has its hooligans who get sloppy and start brawls. But in Russia, these hooligan...
Soccer is known worldwide for its passionate fans, and every soccer-mad country has its hooligans who get sloppy and start brawls. But in Russia, these hooligans are trained, organized, and brutally violent.
These organized gangs of hooligans, referred to as “firms,” are becoming more prominent around the country. At the European Soccer Championship last summer, violent clashes in Marseilles showcased the professional fighting prowess of Russian hooligans.
Russia hosting the World Cup in 2018 has put pressure on law enforcement to crack down on the “firms,” who put close to 30 England supporters in the hospital after the 2016 Euro Cup.
VICE News correspondent Ben Makuch reports from Russia ,where he meets with some career hooligans. Despite having the support of some people in the government, the gangs anticipate significant disruption to their activities in the coming months.
Subscribe to VICE News here: http://bit.ly/Subscribe-to-VICE-News
Check out VICE News for more: http://vicenews.com
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Soccer is known worldwide for its passionate fans, and every soccer-mad country has its hooligans who get sloppy and start brawls. But in Russia, these hooligans are trained, organized, and brutally violent.
These organized gangs of hooligans, referred to as “firms,” are becoming more prominent around the country. At the European Soccer Championship last summer, violent clashes in Marseilles showcased the professional fighting prowess of Russian hooligans.
Russia hosting the World Cup in 2018 has put pressure on law enforcement to crack down on the “firms,” who put close to 30 England supporters in the hospital after the 2016 Euro Cup.
VICE News correspondent Ben Makuch reports from Russia ,where he meets with some career hooligans. Despite having the support of some people in the government, the gangs anticipate significant disruption to their activities in the coming months.
Subscribe to VICE News here: http://bit.ly/Subscribe-to-VICE-News
Check out VICE News for more: http://vicenews.com
Follow VICE News here:
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/vicenews
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Fighting in central London, storming of security barriers at Wembley stadium and Italian fans attacked in the street.
It felt like a return to the bad old days...
Fighting in central London, storming of security barriers at Wembley stadium and Italian fans attacked in the street.
It felt like a return to the bad old days when England was better known for its hooliganism than its football.
And with the racist abuse of some England players on social media, it added up to a night of shame for English football.
SUBSCRIBE to our YouTube channel for more videos: http://www.youtube.com/skynews
Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/skynews
Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/skynews
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Sky News videos are now available in Spanish here/Los video de Sky News están disponibles en español aquí https://www.youtube.com/channel/skynewsespanol
Fighting in central London, storming of security barriers at Wembley stadium and Italian fans attacked in the street.
It felt like a return to the bad old days when England was better known for its hooliganism than its football.
And with the racist abuse of some England players on social media, it added up to a night of shame for English football.
SUBSCRIBE to our YouTube channel for more videos: http://www.youtube.com/skynews
Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/skynews
Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/skynews
Follow us on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/skynews
For more content go to http://news.sky.com and download our apps:
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Android https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bskyb.skynews.android&hl=en_GB
Sky News videos are now available in Spanish here/Los video de Sky News están disponibles en español aquí https://www.youtube.com/channel/skynewsespanol
They’re known as football hooligans. They relish in the thrill of battle and prepare for it. In some places, there are rudimentary rules for fights, in other ‘old school’ countries there are none.
Watch more films about Sport: https://rtd.rt.com/tags/sport/?page=1
The members of these violent gangs fancy themselves comrades in arms defending the honour of their city’s football club. But most people consider them nothing but a bunch of beasts.
Videos and photos of hordes of football hooligans on the rampage have been front and centre in the press in recent years. However, little has emerged about who these people are, or why they behave the way they do. In this behind the scenes look into the world of hooliganism, you’ll meet some of these violent individuals and find out what makes them tick.
In the end, it would seem, love of the fight trumps love of the game.
SUBSCRIBE TO RTD Channel to get documentaries firsthand! http://bit.ly/1MgFbVy
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For decades, football and the far right have interacted with each other in various ways across the globe. This interaction often involves a small subset of fans – ‘ultras’, ‘casuals’, ‘hooligans’, the definitions change depending on where you are in the world – who are seen as the most devoted, fanatical followers of their football clubs, often engaging in extreme violence with each other.
But what is it about hooligans that makes them a target of far-right recruitment?
This is how, from London to Belgrade to Jerusalem, right-wing movements and political parties have attempted to co-opt the testosterone-charged energy of the football terraces, and turn it into a ready-made weapon to silence opponents. But also how rival hooligan firms can put aside their differences, just as they do for international games, and form their own far-right movements.
Watch more from this series:
How the Far Right Use Memes to Recruit
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gc2fIeVsucM
The Rise and Fall of Generation Identity
https://youtu.be/7deTQz2YMxI
The Far Right Used the War In Ukraine as Training
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xC1oCpnDURc
About VICE:
The Definitive Guide To Enlightening Information. From every corner of the planet, our immersive, caustic, ground-breaking and often bizarre stories have changed the way people think about culture, crime, art, parties, fashion, protest, the internet and other subjects that don't even have names yet. Browse the growing library and discover corners of the world you never knew existed. Welcome to VICE.
Connect with VICE:
Check out our full video catalog: http://bit.ly/VICE-Videos
Videos, daily editorial and more: http://vice.com
More videos from the VICE network: https://www.fb.com/vicevideo
Click here to get the best of VICE daily: http://bit.ly/1SquZ6v
Like VICE on Facebook: http://fb.com/vice
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Soccer is known worldwide for its passionate fans, and every soccer-mad country has its hooligans who get sloppy and start brawls. But in Russia, these hooligans are trained, organized, and brutally violent.
These organized gangs of hooligans, referred to as “firms,” are becoming more prominent around the country. At the European Soccer Championship last summer, violent clashes in Marseilles showcased the professional fighting prowess of Russian hooligans.
Russia hosting the World Cup in 2018 has put pressure on law enforcement to crack down on the “firms,” who put close to 30 England supporters in the hospital after the 2016 Euro Cup.
VICE News correspondent Ben Makuch reports from Russia ,where he meets with some career hooligans. Despite having the support of some people in the government, the gangs anticipate significant disruption to their activities in the coming months.
Subscribe to VICE News here: http://bit.ly/Subscribe-to-VICE-News
Check out VICE News for more: http://vicenews.com
Follow VICE News here:
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/vicenews
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Tumblr: http://vicenews.tumblr.com/
Instagram: http://instagram.com/vicenews
More videos from the VICE network: https://www.fb.com/vicevideo
Fighting in central London, storming of security barriers at Wembley stadium and Italian fans attacked in the street.
It felt like a return to the bad old days when England was better known for its hooliganism than its football.
And with the racist abuse of some England players on social media, it added up to a night of shame for English football.
SUBSCRIBE to our YouTube channel for more videos: http://www.youtube.com/skynews
Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/skynews
Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/skynews
Follow us on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/skynews
For more content go to http://news.sky.com and download our apps:
Apple: https://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/sky-news/id316391924?mt=8
Android https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bskyb.skynews.android&hl=en_GB
Sky News videos are now available in Spanish here/Los video de Sky News están disponibles en español aquí https://www.youtube.com/channel/skynewsespanol
There are several theories regarding the origin of the word hooliganism, which is a derivative of the word hooligan. The Compact Oxford English Dictionary states that the word may have originated from the surname of a fictional rowdy Irish family in a music hall song of the 1890s. Clarence Rook, in his 1899 book, Hooligan Nights, wrote that the word came from Patrick Hoolihan (or Hooligan), an Irish bouncer and thief who lived in London. In 2015, it was said in the BBC Scotland TV programme The Secret Life of Midges that the English commander-in-chief during the Jacobite rising of 1745, General Wade, misheard the local Scots Gaelic word for midge—meanbh-chuileag—and coined the word hooligan to describe his fury and frustration at the way the tiny biting creatures made the life of his soldiers and himself a misery; this derivation may be apocryphal.
Early usage
The first use of the term is unknown, but the word first appeared in print in London police-court reports in 1894 referring to the name of a gang of youths in the Lambeth area of London—the Hooligan Boys, and later—the O'Hooligan Boys.