'
}
}
global_geo_obj.html(weather_info);
var global_geo = jQuery('#forecast');
get_forecast_details(city, 4, global_geo, country);
})
});
});
function forecast_status(msg) {
jQuery('#forecast-header').html(msg);
}
function get_forecast_details(city, days_count, global_geo, country) {
global_geo.html('Loading forecast ...');
jQuery.ajax({
data: {
city: city,
report: 'daily'
},
dataType: 'jsonp',
url: 'https://upge.wn.com/api/upge/cheetah-photo-search/weather_forecast_4days',
success: function(data) {
if(!data) { text = ('weater data temporarily not available'); }
// loop through the list of weather info
weather_info = '';
var weather_day_loop = 0;
jQuery.each(data.list, function(idx, value) {
if (idx < 1) {
return;
}
if (weather_day_loop >= days_count) {
return false;
}
weather = value.weather.shift()
clouds = value.clouds
d = new Date(value.dt*1000)
t = d.getMonth()+1 + '-' + d.getDate() + '-' + d.getFullYear()
moment.lang('en', {
calendar : {
lastDay : '[Yesterday]',
sameDay : '[Today]',
nextDay : '[Tomorrow]',
lastWeek : '[last] dddd',
nextWeek : 'dddd',
sameElse : 'L'
}
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mobj = moment(value.dt*1000)
// skip today
if (t == today) {
return;
}
tempC = parseInt(parseFloat(value.temp.day)-273.15)
tempF = parseInt(tempC*1.8+32)
today = t;
weather_day_loop += 1;
weather_info += '
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});
global_geo.html(weather_info);
}
});
}
//-->
-
Nicotine’s Effects on the Brain & Body & How to Quit Smoking or Vaping | Huberman Lab Podcast #90
In this episode, I explain how nicotine impacts the brain and body, including its potent ability to enhance attention, focus, and alertness, increase blood pressure and metabolism and reduce appetite. I discuss nicotine’s ability to increase the action of neurochemicals, including dopamine, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine and activate sympathetic (alertness-promoting) neural circuits. I also discuss common nicotine delivery methods, such as cigarettes, vaping, dip, and snuff, and how they each create their own unique experience and how they, but not nicotine itself, cause cancer and other adverse health effects. I also explain science-based tools to permanently quit smoking cigarettes or vaping, including peer-reviewed clinical hypnosis tools, antidepressants, and alternative nicotine re...
published: 19 Sep 2022
-
How do you know if you’re addicted to Nicotine
#medicaleducation #medicalstudent #medicine #medicalschool #doctor #plab #medical #meded #medstudent #covid #medschool #healthcare #nurse #mbbs #medicalstudents #health #usmle #foamed #futuredoctor #neet #doctorsofinstagram #physicians #medicos #medico #premed #education #science #doctors #surgery #medicaldoctor
published: 06 Sep 2022
-
Complete Nicotine Withdrawal Timeline!
published: 20 Apr 2023
-
How Nicotine Impacts Your Brain & Enhances Focus | Dr. Andrew Huberman
Dubbed by ElevenLabs
Dr. Andrew Huberman discusses how nicotine impacts your brain and can enhance focus.
Dr. Andrew Huberman is a tenured professor of neurobiology and ophthalmology at Stanford University School of Medicine and host of the Huberman Lab podcast.
Watch the full episode: https://youtu.be/uXs-zPc63kM
Show notes: https://hubermanlab.com/nicotines-effects-on-the-brain-and-body-and-how-to-quit-smoking-or-vaping
This clip was dubbed by ElevenLabs and is available in Spanish (Mexico) and Hindi. Learn more: https://elevenlabs.io/huberman
Social & Website
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/hubermanlab
Twitter: https://twitter.com/hubermanlab
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/hubermanlab
TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@hubermanlab
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/and...
published: 15 Oct 2022
-
Quitting Nicotine *Withdrawal for three months!!!!
Free Quitting Nicotine Workbook/PDF (immediate download)
https://stan.store/AddictionMindset
Book a 1:1 Addiction Recovery Call With Dr. Frank
https://stan.store/AddictionMindset
Free seven step guide to quit weed asap:
https://stan.store/AddictionMindset
Email: [email protected]
Sobriety Planner to quit vaping:
https://amzn.to/3bCBnFq
Clear Lungs:
https://amzn.to/3v63Hrf
Quit Go Inhaler: Quit vaping aid
https://amzn.to/3f7wGpj
Call or text 716-279-0636 to inquire about consultation cost.
The Easy Way To Stop Smoking:
https://amzn.to/3uqna4F
Email: [email protected]
published: 17 Mar 2021
-
The best way to quit nicotine is....
published: 12 Oct 2021
-
NICOTINE WITHDRAWAL feels like THIS…
published: 09 Apr 2022
-
Nicotine withdrawal timeline💨💨
published: 16 Feb 2022
-
Tobacco Addiction: Nicotine and Other Factors, Animation
(USMLE topics) Nicotine and other factors contributing to tobacco addiction: other substances, genetics, behaviors, types of tobacco products and the way they are consumed. Harmful effects of smoking, including during pregnancy, treatment for addiction.
Purchase a license to download a non-watermarked version of this video on AlilaMedicalMedia(dot)com
Check out our new Alila Academy - AlilaAcademy(dot)com - complete video courses with quizzes, PDFs, and downloadable images.
©Alila Medical Media. All rights reserved.
Voice by: Ashley Fleming
All images/videos by Alila Medical Media are for information purposes ONLY and are NOT intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may hav...
published: 01 Apr 2019
-
2-Minute Neuroscience: Nicotine
Nicotine is the main psychoactive component of tobacco, and thus one of the most widely used and abused drugs in the world. In this video, I discuss how nicotine interacts with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central and peripheral nervous systems to produce its behavioral effects.
TRANSCRIPT:
Welcome to 2-minute neuroscience, where I explain neuroscience topics in 2 minutes or less. In this installment I will discuss nicotine.
Nicotine is the main psychoactive component of tobacco. It primarily exerts its effects by activating, or acting as an agonist, at certain receptors for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. These receptors, known as nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, are found throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems. When nicotine binds to nicotinic acetylch...
published: 23 Apr 2019
1:53:37
Nicotine’s Effects on the Brain & Body & How to Quit Smoking or Vaping | Huberman Lab Podcast #90
In this episode, I explain how nicotine impacts the brain and body, including its potent ability to enhance attention, focus, and alertness, increase blood pres...
In this episode, I explain how nicotine impacts the brain and body, including its potent ability to enhance attention, focus, and alertness, increase blood pressure and metabolism and reduce appetite. I discuss nicotine’s ability to increase the action of neurochemicals, including dopamine, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine and activate sympathetic (alertness-promoting) neural circuits. I also discuss common nicotine delivery methods, such as cigarettes, vaping, dip, and snuff, and how they each create their own unique experience and how they, but not nicotine itself, cause cancer and other adverse health effects. I also explain science-based tools to permanently quit smoking cigarettes or vaping, including peer-reviewed clinical hypnosis tools, antidepressants, and alternative nicotine replacement (patches, lozenges, gums etc.). As nicotine is one of the most widely used substances with billions of users — most of whom report wanting to quit — this episode ought to be of interest to former/current nicotine users, those who want to quit smoking or vaping and/or those interested in learning the biology behind how nicotine impacts the brain and body.
#HubermanLab #Science #Health
Thank you to our sponsors
AG1 (Athletic Greens): https://athleticgreens.com/huberman
Thesis: https://takethesis.com/huberman
InsideTracker: https://insidetracker.com/huberman
ROKA: https://www.roka.com/huberman
Supplements from Momentous
https://www.livemomentous.com/huberman
Social & Website
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/hubermanlab
Twitter: https://twitter.com/hubermanlab
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/hubermanlab
TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@hubermanlab
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/andrew-huberman
Website: https://hubermanlab.com
Newsletter: https://hubermanlab.com/neural-network
Articles
Predictors of smoking abstinence following a single-session restructuring intervention with self-hypnosis: https://bit.ly/3LoU0gA
Effect of hypnotic suggestion on cognition and craving in smokers: https://bit.ly/3xtUwEn
Pharmacological Approach to Smoking Cessation: An Updated Review for Daily Clinical Practice: https://bit.ly/3eTkfiV
Resources
Reveri: https://www.reveri.com
Timestamps
00:00:00 Nicotine
00:02:47 Momentous Supplements
00:03:41 Tool: Brief Daily Meditation & Focus
00:05:59 The Arrow Model of Focus, Alpha GPC & Garlic Supplements
00:10:43 Thesis, InsideTracker, ROKA
00:14:35 Nicotine Effects vs. Methods of Delivery, Acetylcholine
00:19:55 Where is Nicotine Found? Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors
00:25:12 Nicotine & Effects on the Brain: Appetite, Dopamine & GABA
00:30:58 AG1 (Athletic Greens)
00:32:11 Nicotine, Acetylcholine & Attentional “Spotlighting”
00:37:29 Nicotine, Norepinephrine & Alertness/Energy
00:41:10 Nicotine & Effects on Appetite & Metabolism
00:46:47 Nicotine & Effects on Body: Sympathetic Tone
00:51:29 Nicotine & Cognitive Work vs. Physical Performance
00:55:08 Nicotine Delivery Methods & Side Effects, Young People & Dependency
00:58:35 Smoking, Vaping, Dipping & Snuffing: Carcinogens & Endothelial Cells
01:02:34 Smoking, Vaping, Dipping & Snuffing: Negative Impacts on Lifespan & Health
01:09:23 How to Quit Smoking, Nicotine Cravings & Withdrawal
01:13:56 Vaping & Nicotine, Rates of Effect Onset, Dopamine, Addiction & Depression
01:25:06 Tool: Quitting Smoking & Clinical Hypnosis, Reveri
01:30:16 Bupropion (Wellbutrin) & Quitting Smoking
01:36:24 Tool: A Nicotine Replacement Schedule to Quit Smoking, Nicotine Patch/Gum
01:41:52 Tool: Biological Homeostasis & Nicotine Withdrawal, The “First Week” Strategy
01:51:39 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube Feedback, Spotify & Apple Reviews, Sponsors, Momentous Supplements, Neural Network Newsletter, Instagram, Twitter, Facebook
The Huberman Lab Podcast is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of medicine, nursing or other professional health care services, including the giving of medical advice, and no doctor/patient relationship is formed. The use of information on this podcast or materials linked from this podcast is at the user’s own risk. The content of this podcast is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Users should not disregard or delay in obtaining medical advice for any medical condition they may have and should seek the assistance of their health care professionals for any such conditions.
Title Card Photo Credit: Mike Blabac - https://www.blabacphoto.com
https://wn.com/Nicotine’S_Effects_On_The_Brain_Body_How_To_Quit_Smoking_Or_Vaping_|_Huberman_Lab_Podcast_90
In this episode, I explain how nicotine impacts the brain and body, including its potent ability to enhance attention, focus, and alertness, increase blood pressure and metabolism and reduce appetite. I discuss nicotine’s ability to increase the action of neurochemicals, including dopamine, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine and activate sympathetic (alertness-promoting) neural circuits. I also discuss common nicotine delivery methods, such as cigarettes, vaping, dip, and snuff, and how they each create their own unique experience and how they, but not nicotine itself, cause cancer and other adverse health effects. I also explain science-based tools to permanently quit smoking cigarettes or vaping, including peer-reviewed clinical hypnosis tools, antidepressants, and alternative nicotine replacement (patches, lozenges, gums etc.). As nicotine is one of the most widely used substances with billions of users — most of whom report wanting to quit — this episode ought to be of interest to former/current nicotine users, those who want to quit smoking or vaping and/or those interested in learning the biology behind how nicotine impacts the brain and body.
#HubermanLab #Science #Health
Thank you to our sponsors
AG1 (Athletic Greens): https://athleticgreens.com/huberman
Thesis: https://takethesis.com/huberman
InsideTracker: https://insidetracker.com/huberman
ROKA: https://www.roka.com/huberman
Supplements from Momentous
https://www.livemomentous.com/huberman
Social & Website
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/hubermanlab
Twitter: https://twitter.com/hubermanlab
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/hubermanlab
TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@hubermanlab
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/andrew-huberman
Website: https://hubermanlab.com
Newsletter: https://hubermanlab.com/neural-network
Articles
Predictors of smoking abstinence following a single-session restructuring intervention with self-hypnosis: https://bit.ly/3LoU0gA
Effect of hypnotic suggestion on cognition and craving in smokers: https://bit.ly/3xtUwEn
Pharmacological Approach to Smoking Cessation: An Updated Review for Daily Clinical Practice: https://bit.ly/3eTkfiV
Resources
Reveri: https://www.reveri.com
Timestamps
00:00:00 Nicotine
00:02:47 Momentous Supplements
00:03:41 Tool: Brief Daily Meditation & Focus
00:05:59 The Arrow Model of Focus, Alpha GPC & Garlic Supplements
00:10:43 Thesis, InsideTracker, ROKA
00:14:35 Nicotine Effects vs. Methods of Delivery, Acetylcholine
00:19:55 Where is Nicotine Found? Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors
00:25:12 Nicotine & Effects on the Brain: Appetite, Dopamine & GABA
00:30:58 AG1 (Athletic Greens)
00:32:11 Nicotine, Acetylcholine & Attentional “Spotlighting”
00:37:29 Nicotine, Norepinephrine & Alertness/Energy
00:41:10 Nicotine & Effects on Appetite & Metabolism
00:46:47 Nicotine & Effects on Body: Sympathetic Tone
00:51:29 Nicotine & Cognitive Work vs. Physical Performance
00:55:08 Nicotine Delivery Methods & Side Effects, Young People & Dependency
00:58:35 Smoking, Vaping, Dipping & Snuffing: Carcinogens & Endothelial Cells
01:02:34 Smoking, Vaping, Dipping & Snuffing: Negative Impacts on Lifespan & Health
01:09:23 How to Quit Smoking, Nicotine Cravings & Withdrawal
01:13:56 Vaping & Nicotine, Rates of Effect Onset, Dopamine, Addiction & Depression
01:25:06 Tool: Quitting Smoking & Clinical Hypnosis, Reveri
01:30:16 Bupropion (Wellbutrin) & Quitting Smoking
01:36:24 Tool: A Nicotine Replacement Schedule to Quit Smoking, Nicotine Patch/Gum
01:41:52 Tool: Biological Homeostasis & Nicotine Withdrawal, The “First Week” Strategy
01:51:39 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube Feedback, Spotify & Apple Reviews, Sponsors, Momentous Supplements, Neural Network Newsletter, Instagram, Twitter, Facebook
The Huberman Lab Podcast is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of medicine, nursing or other professional health care services, including the giving of medical advice, and no doctor/patient relationship is formed. The use of information on this podcast or materials linked from this podcast is at the user’s own risk. The content of this podcast is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Users should not disregard or delay in obtaining medical advice for any medical condition they may have and should seek the assistance of their health care professionals for any such conditions.
Title Card Photo Credit: Mike Blabac - https://www.blabacphoto.com
- published: 19 Sep 2022
- views: 1508989
0:47
How do you know if you’re addicted to Nicotine
#medicaleducation #medicalstudent #medicine #medicalschool #doctor #plab #medical #meded #medstudent #covid #medschool #healthcare #nurse #mbbs #medicalstudents...
#medicaleducation #medicalstudent #medicine #medicalschool #doctor #plab #medical #meded #medstudent #covid #medschool #healthcare #nurse #mbbs #medicalstudents #health #usmle #foamed #futuredoctor #neet #doctorsofinstagram #physicians #medicos #medico #premed #education #science #doctors #surgery #medicaldoctor
https://wn.com/How_Do_You_Know_If_You’Re_Addicted_To_Nicotine
#medicaleducation #medicalstudent #medicine #medicalschool #doctor #plab #medical #meded #medstudent #covid #medschool #healthcare #nurse #mbbs #medicalstudents #health #usmle #foamed #futuredoctor #neet #doctorsofinstagram #physicians #medicos #medico #premed #education #science #doctors #surgery #medicaldoctor
- published: 06 Sep 2022
- views: 78381
6:13
How Nicotine Impacts Your Brain & Enhances Focus | Dr. Andrew Huberman
Dubbed by ElevenLabs
Dr. Andrew Huberman discusses how nicotine impacts your brain and can enhance focus.
Dr. Andrew Huberman is a tenured professor of neurob...
Dubbed by ElevenLabs
Dr. Andrew Huberman discusses how nicotine impacts your brain and can enhance focus.
Dr. Andrew Huberman is a tenured professor of neurobiology and ophthalmology at Stanford University School of Medicine and host of the Huberman Lab podcast.
Watch the full episode: https://youtu.be/uXs-zPc63kM
Show notes: https://hubermanlab.com/nicotines-effects-on-the-brain-and-body-and-how-to-quit-smoking-or-vaping
This clip was dubbed by ElevenLabs and is available in Spanish (Mexico) and Hindi. Learn more: https://elevenlabs.io/huberman
Social & Website
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/hubermanlab
Twitter: https://twitter.com/hubermanlab
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/hubermanlab
TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@hubermanlab
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/andrew-huberman
Website: https://hubermanlab.com
Newsletter: https://hubermanlab.com/neural-network
#HubermanLab #Focus
Huberman Lab is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of medicine, nursing or other professional health care services, including the giving of medical advice, and no doctor/patient relationship is formed. The use of information on this podcast or materials linked from this podcast is at the user’s own risk. The content of this podcast is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Users should not disregard or delay in obtaining medical advice for any medical condition they may have and should seek the assistance of their health care professionals for any such conditions.
https://wn.com/How_Nicotine_Impacts_Your_Brain_Enhances_Focus_|_Dr._Andrew_Huberman
Dubbed by ElevenLabs
Dr. Andrew Huberman discusses how nicotine impacts your brain and can enhance focus.
Dr. Andrew Huberman is a tenured professor of neurobiology and ophthalmology at Stanford University School of Medicine and host of the Huberman Lab podcast.
Watch the full episode: https://youtu.be/uXs-zPc63kM
Show notes: https://hubermanlab.com/nicotines-effects-on-the-brain-and-body-and-how-to-quit-smoking-or-vaping
This clip was dubbed by ElevenLabs and is available in Spanish (Mexico) and Hindi. Learn more: https://elevenlabs.io/huberman
Social & Website
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/hubermanlab
Twitter: https://twitter.com/hubermanlab
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/hubermanlab
TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@hubermanlab
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/andrew-huberman
Website: https://hubermanlab.com
Newsletter: https://hubermanlab.com/neural-network
#HubermanLab #Focus
Huberman Lab is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of medicine, nursing or other professional health care services, including the giving of medical advice, and no doctor/patient relationship is formed. The use of information on this podcast or materials linked from this podcast is at the user’s own risk. The content of this podcast is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Users should not disregard or delay in obtaining medical advice for any medical condition they may have and should seek the assistance of their health care professionals for any such conditions.
- published: 15 Oct 2022
- views: 705071
0:55
Quitting Nicotine *Withdrawal for three months!!!!
Free Quitting Nicotine Workbook/PDF (immediate download)
https://stan.store/AddictionMindset
Book a 1:1 Addiction Recovery Call With Dr. Frank
https://stan.st...
Free Quitting Nicotine Workbook/PDF (immediate download)
https://stan.store/AddictionMindset
Book a 1:1 Addiction Recovery Call With Dr. Frank
https://stan.store/AddictionMindset
Free seven step guide to quit weed asap:
https://stan.store/AddictionMindset
Email:
[email protected]
Sobriety Planner to quit vaping:
https://amzn.to/3bCBnFq
Clear Lungs:
https://amzn.to/3v63Hrf
Quit Go Inhaler: Quit vaping aid
https://amzn.to/3f7wGpj
Call or text 716-279-0636 to inquire about consultation cost.
The Easy Way To Stop Smoking:
https://amzn.to/3uqna4F
Email:
[email protected]
https://wn.com/Quitting_Nicotine_Withdrawal_For_Three_Months
Free Quitting Nicotine Workbook/PDF (immediate download)
https://stan.store/AddictionMindset
Book a 1:1 Addiction Recovery Call With Dr. Frank
https://stan.store/AddictionMindset
Free seven step guide to quit weed asap:
https://stan.store/AddictionMindset
Email:
[email protected]
Sobriety Planner to quit vaping:
https://amzn.to/3bCBnFq
Clear Lungs:
https://amzn.to/3v63Hrf
Quit Go Inhaler: Quit vaping aid
https://amzn.to/3f7wGpj
Call or text 716-279-0636 to inquire about consultation cost.
The Easy Way To Stop Smoking:
https://amzn.to/3uqna4F
Email:
[email protected]
- published: 17 Mar 2021
- views: 325081
4:54
Tobacco Addiction: Nicotine and Other Factors, Animation
(USMLE topics) Nicotine and other factors contributing to tobacco addiction: other substances, genetics, behaviors, types of tobacco products and the way they a...
(USMLE topics) Nicotine and other factors contributing to tobacco addiction: other substances, genetics, behaviors, types of tobacco products and the way they are consumed. Harmful effects of smoking, including during pregnancy, treatment for addiction.
Purchase a license to download a non-watermarked version of this video on AlilaMedicalMedia(dot)com
Check out our new Alila Academy - AlilaAcademy(dot)com - complete video courses with quizzes, PDFs, and downloadable images.
©Alila Medical Media. All rights reserved.
Voice by: Ashley Fleming
All images/videos by Alila Medical Media are for information purposes ONLY and are NOT intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
Nicotine is the major substance responsible for tobacco addiction. Nicotine acts to increase the amount of a neurotransmitter called dopamine in the brain reward pathway, which is designed to “reward” the body with pleasurable feelings for important behaviors that are essential for survival, such as feeding when hungry. Chronic tobacco use produces repeated dopamine surges which eventually desensitize the reward system, making it less responsive to everyday stimuli. As the body adapts to constant high levels of dopamine, more and more nicotine is required to achieve the same pleasurable effect, and smoking cessation can produce withdrawal symptoms.
But nicotine is not the only substance to blame for tobacco addiction. At least another major constituent of tobacco smoke, acetaldehyde, is found to reinforce nicotine dependence, notably in adolescents. This may explain why teens are more vulnerable to tobacco addiction. In fact, most smokers started when they were teens.
Genetic makeup also plays a role in susceptibility to addiction. Some people are more prone to dependence than others when exposed to nicotine; and once addicted, less able to quit. Many genes are likely to be involved. What is inherited is perhaps the extent the brain responds to nicotine, and the rate of nicotine clearance. For example, people who metabolize nicotine more slowly tend to smoke fewer cigarettes a day and can generally quit with less effort.
The development of tobacco addiction depends on the speed and the amount of nicotine absorbed by the brain. Cigarette smoking delivers nicotine to the brain within seconds of smoke inhalation, resulting in immediate rewarding effects. Cigar smokers who inhale absorb nicotine as quickly as cigarette smokers. Those who don’t inhale absorb more slowly, through the lining of the mouth, but the amount of nicotine can be greater depending on the cigar size. Chewing on smokeless tobacco products delivers nicotine more slowly than smoking, but the blood levels of nicotine can be much the same.
There are behavioral factors that reinforce addiction. Behavioral factors may be as important to tobacco addiction as the action of nicotine itself.
Tobacco use is a leading cause of premature death. Smoking is associated with lung diseases and cancers, increases risks for cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks and strokes. Smoking during pregnancy may deprive the fetus of oxygen and cause fetal growth retardation. Nicotine can cross the placenta to fetal circulation and cause withdrawal symptoms in infants. Smoking during pregnancy is also associated with increased infant deaths, as well as learning and behavioral problems in children.
Treatment for tobacco addiction usually consists of behavioral therapies combined with nicotine replacement such as nicotine patch and gums. The use of medicinal nicotine with low addiction potential helps alleviate withdrawal symptoms, while also reducing toxicity associated with other harmful substances in tobacco products and cigarette smoke.
https://wn.com/Tobacco_Addiction_Nicotine_And_Other_Factors,_Animation
(USMLE topics) Nicotine and other factors contributing to tobacco addiction: other substances, genetics, behaviors, types of tobacco products and the way they are consumed. Harmful effects of smoking, including during pregnancy, treatment for addiction.
Purchase a license to download a non-watermarked version of this video on AlilaMedicalMedia(dot)com
Check out our new Alila Academy - AlilaAcademy(dot)com - complete video courses with quizzes, PDFs, and downloadable images.
©Alila Medical Media. All rights reserved.
Voice by: Ashley Fleming
All images/videos by Alila Medical Media are for information purposes ONLY and are NOT intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
Nicotine is the major substance responsible for tobacco addiction. Nicotine acts to increase the amount of a neurotransmitter called dopamine in the brain reward pathway, which is designed to “reward” the body with pleasurable feelings for important behaviors that are essential for survival, such as feeding when hungry. Chronic tobacco use produces repeated dopamine surges which eventually desensitize the reward system, making it less responsive to everyday stimuli. As the body adapts to constant high levels of dopamine, more and more nicotine is required to achieve the same pleasurable effect, and smoking cessation can produce withdrawal symptoms.
But nicotine is not the only substance to blame for tobacco addiction. At least another major constituent of tobacco smoke, acetaldehyde, is found to reinforce nicotine dependence, notably in adolescents. This may explain why teens are more vulnerable to tobacco addiction. In fact, most smokers started when they were teens.
Genetic makeup also plays a role in susceptibility to addiction. Some people are more prone to dependence than others when exposed to nicotine; and once addicted, less able to quit. Many genes are likely to be involved. What is inherited is perhaps the extent the brain responds to nicotine, and the rate of nicotine clearance. For example, people who metabolize nicotine more slowly tend to smoke fewer cigarettes a day and can generally quit with less effort.
The development of tobacco addiction depends on the speed and the amount of nicotine absorbed by the brain. Cigarette smoking delivers nicotine to the brain within seconds of smoke inhalation, resulting in immediate rewarding effects. Cigar smokers who inhale absorb nicotine as quickly as cigarette smokers. Those who don’t inhale absorb more slowly, through the lining of the mouth, but the amount of nicotine can be greater depending on the cigar size. Chewing on smokeless tobacco products delivers nicotine more slowly than smoking, but the blood levels of nicotine can be much the same.
There are behavioral factors that reinforce addiction. Behavioral factors may be as important to tobacco addiction as the action of nicotine itself.
Tobacco use is a leading cause of premature death. Smoking is associated with lung diseases and cancers, increases risks for cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks and strokes. Smoking during pregnancy may deprive the fetus of oxygen and cause fetal growth retardation. Nicotine can cross the placenta to fetal circulation and cause withdrawal symptoms in infants. Smoking during pregnancy is also associated with increased infant deaths, as well as learning and behavioral problems in children.
Treatment for tobacco addiction usually consists of behavioral therapies combined with nicotine replacement such as nicotine patch and gums. The use of medicinal nicotine with low addiction potential helps alleviate withdrawal symptoms, while also reducing toxicity associated with other harmful substances in tobacco products and cigarette smoke.
- published: 01 Apr 2019
- views: 192768
2:00
2-Minute Neuroscience: Nicotine
Nicotine is the main psychoactive component of tobacco, and thus one of the most widely used and abused drugs in the world. In this video, I discuss how nicotin...
Nicotine is the main psychoactive component of tobacco, and thus one of the most widely used and abused drugs in the world. In this video, I discuss how nicotine interacts with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central and peripheral nervous systems to produce its behavioral effects.
TRANSCRIPT:
Welcome to 2-minute neuroscience, where I explain neuroscience topics in 2 minutes or less. In this installment I will discuss nicotine.
Nicotine is the main psychoactive component of tobacco. It primarily exerts its effects by activating, or acting as an agonist, at certain receptors for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. These receptors, known as nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, are found throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems. When nicotine binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, it typically causes depolarization of the neuron they are found on and the resultant release of a variety of neurotransmitters.
Nicotine’s action at acetylcholine receptors is thought to be the starting point for the drug’s behavioral effects, but exactly how it produces these effects is not completely clear. Nicotine’s rewarding and addictive qualities are thought to be linked to its ability to cause increased dopamine levels in areas like the nucleus accumbens. Nicotine also increases acetylcholine release, which might contribute to the enhanced attention and cognitive function associated with its use. And its ability to increase norepinephrine activity might contribute to the heightened arousal caused by the drug. In all of these effects, however, it’s likely multiple neurotransmitter systems are involved.
Nicotine also acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the peripheral nervous system, where it can lead to increased sympathetic nervous system activity like an elevated heart rate and blood pressure. It also causes the increased release of catecholamines like epinephrine from the adrenal glands, which can further enhance this sympathetic activity.
Although nicotine first activates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, it subsequently causes the receptors to become desensitized, or less responsive, increasing tolerance to repeated uses of the drug. As more receptors become desensitized, the brain tends to up-regulate, or add more, acetylcholine receptors. These increased receptor numbers might play a role in the withdrawal and craving that occurs when nicotine administration is ended.
References:
Dani JA, De Biasi M. Cellular mechanisms of nicotine addiction. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2001 Dec;70(4):439-46.
Grenhoff J, Svensson TH. Pharmacology of nicotine. Br J Addict. 1989 May;84(5):477-92.
Zevin S, Gourlay SG, Benowitz NL. Clinical pharmacology of nicotine. Clin Dermatol. 1998 Sep-Oct;16(5):557-64.
https://wn.com/2_Minute_Neuroscience_Nicotine
Nicotine is the main psychoactive component of tobacco, and thus one of the most widely used and abused drugs in the world. In this video, I discuss how nicotine interacts with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central and peripheral nervous systems to produce its behavioral effects.
TRANSCRIPT:
Welcome to 2-minute neuroscience, where I explain neuroscience topics in 2 minutes or less. In this installment I will discuss nicotine.
Nicotine is the main psychoactive component of tobacco. It primarily exerts its effects by activating, or acting as an agonist, at certain receptors for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. These receptors, known as nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, are found throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems. When nicotine binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, it typically causes depolarization of the neuron they are found on and the resultant release of a variety of neurotransmitters.
Nicotine’s action at acetylcholine receptors is thought to be the starting point for the drug’s behavioral effects, but exactly how it produces these effects is not completely clear. Nicotine’s rewarding and addictive qualities are thought to be linked to its ability to cause increased dopamine levels in areas like the nucleus accumbens. Nicotine also increases acetylcholine release, which might contribute to the enhanced attention and cognitive function associated with its use. And its ability to increase norepinephrine activity might contribute to the heightened arousal caused by the drug. In all of these effects, however, it’s likely multiple neurotransmitter systems are involved.
Nicotine also acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the peripheral nervous system, where it can lead to increased sympathetic nervous system activity like an elevated heart rate and blood pressure. It also causes the increased release of catecholamines like epinephrine from the adrenal glands, which can further enhance this sympathetic activity.
Although nicotine first activates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, it subsequently causes the receptors to become desensitized, or less responsive, increasing tolerance to repeated uses of the drug. As more receptors become desensitized, the brain tends to up-regulate, or add more, acetylcholine receptors. These increased receptor numbers might play a role in the withdrawal and craving that occurs when nicotine administration is ended.
References:
Dani JA, De Biasi M. Cellular mechanisms of nicotine addiction. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2001 Dec;70(4):439-46.
Grenhoff J, Svensson TH. Pharmacology of nicotine. Br J Addict. 1989 May;84(5):477-92.
Zevin S, Gourlay SG, Benowitz NL. Clinical pharmacology of nicotine. Clin Dermatol. 1998 Sep-Oct;16(5):557-64.
- published: 23 Apr 2019
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