The gravitational constant, approximately 6989667400000000000♠6.674×10−11N⋅m2/kg2 and denoted by the letter G, is an empiricalphysical constant involved in the calculation(s) of gravitational force between two bodies. It usually appears in Sir Isaac Newton's law of universal gravitation, and in Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity. It is also known as the universal gravitational constant, Newton's constant, and colloquially as Big G. It should not be confused with "small g" (g), which is the local gravitational field of Earth (equivalent to the free-fall acceleration).
Laws and constants
According to the law of universal gravitation, the attractive force (F) between two bodies is directly proportional to the product of their masses (m1 and m2), and inversely proportional to the square of the distance, r, (inverse-square law) between them:
The gravitational constant is a physical constant that is difficult to measure with high accuracy. In SI units, the 2014 CODATA-recommended value of the gravitational constant (with standard uncertainty in parentheses) is:
In physics, a gravitational field is a model used to explain the influence that a massive body extends into the space around itself, producing a force on another massive body. Thus, a gravitational field is used to explain gravitational phenomena, and is measured in newtons per kilogram (N/kg). In its original concept, gravity was a force between point masses. Following Newton, Laplace attempted to model gravity as some kind of radiation field or fluid, and since the 19th century explanations for gravity have usually been taught in terms of a field model, rather than a point attraction.
In a field model, rather than two particles attracting each other, the particles distort spacetime via their mass, and this distortion is what is perceived and measured as a "force". In such a model one states that matter moves in certain ways in response to the curvature of spacetime, and that there is either no gravitational force, or that gravity is a fictitious force.
Catalogue at https://xmphysics.wordpress.com
Follow me on facebook: https://www.facebook.com/xmphysics
Soundtrack from audionautix.com
published: 09 Jun 2016
Gravitational Field Strength
This physics video tutorial explains how to calculate the gravitational field strength of the Earth at the surface and at some distance above the Earth's surface.
Static Friction & Centripetal Force: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dMgyy95uJUg
Normal Force on a Hill:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ec6btKP4qfg
Banked Turn Physics Problems:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FWXT-IzgbP0
Non-Uniform Circular Motion:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XlvD5_0FVSc
Gravitational Force:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ep1jIhHdf2A
______________________________
Universal Law of Gravitation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8CykJ3NgBQs
Gravitational Acceleration:
h...
A Level Physics
Doodle Science teaches you high school and College physics in a less boring way in almost no time!
Follow me: https://twitter.com/DoodleSci
You can support me at: https://patreon.com/doodlescience
Script:
A gravitational field is a region around one mass, which affects other nearby masses. It is very weak however which is why the effect is only significant on large objects like the Earth. We can represent the Earth’s gravitational field by drawing field lines showing the direction of the gravitational force on masses in the field. In this case the field is radial and equally spread around the earth. On the surface of the earth the gravitational field is approximately uniform because the field lines are virtually pointing in the same direction and are equally spaced. Th...
published: 01 Feb 2016
Gravitational Field Strength
025 - Gravitational Field Strength
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the gravitational field strength is directly related to the mass of the object and indirectly related to the square of the distance from the center of mass. The equation for gravitational field strength was discovered by Sir Isaac Newton and contains a gravitational constant.
Do you speak another language? Help me translate my videos:
http://www.bozemanscience.com/translations/
Music Attribution
Title: String Theory
Artist: Herman Jolly
http://sunsetvalley.bandcamp.com/track/string-theory
All of the images are licensed under creative commons and public domain licensing:
"File:GRACE Globe Animation.gif." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Accessed May 22, 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GRACE_globe_ani...
published: 22 Jun 2014
How Gravity Actually Works
The General Theory of Relativity tells us gravity is not a force, gravitational fields don't exist. Objects tend to move on straight paths through curved spacetime. Thanks to Caséta by Lutron for sponsoring this video. Find out more at: https://www.lutron.com/veritasium
Huge thanks to Prof. Geraint Lewis for hours of consulting on this video so I could get these ideas straight in my own brain. Check out his YouTube channel: https://ve42.co/gfl or his books: https://ve42.co/GFLbooks
Amazing VFX, compositing, and editing by Jonny Hyman
2D animations by Ivy Tello
Filmed by Steven Warren and Raquel Nuno
Special thanks to Petr Lebedev for reviews and script consultation
Music by Jonny Hyman and from Epidemic Sound https://epidemicsound.com
Rocket made by Goodnight and Co.
Screen images in ro...
published: 09 Oct 2020
Discovery That Changed Physics! Gravity is NOT a Force!
Discovery That Changed Physics! Gravity is NOT a Force!
► Subscribe: https://goo.gl/r5jd1F
Gravity is one of the four fundamental forces of nature in the Universe. But of the four forces of nature, it stands alone as different. In fact, gravity isn’t the force you think it is, and perhaps it's not a force at all.
If you think you understand gravity, then get ready to change the way you think about gravity…forever.
We are on social media:
www.facebook.com/destinymediaa
www.instagram.com/destiny.media.yt/
The Destiny voice:
www.TomsVoiceovers.co.uk
Sourses: https://pastebin.com/raw/pcZGVx2S
published: 14 Sep 2022
Gravitational Field Introduction
The gravitational field is introduced and illustrated. For a constant field and a non-constant field around a spherical object.
Want Lecture Notes? http://www.flippingphysics.com/gravitational-field.html This is an AP Physics 1 topic.
0:00 The two force of gravity equations
0:55 The constant gravitational field equation
2:25 Gravitational Field Lines
3:16 What is a gravitational field?
4:33 The gravitational field equation around a spherical object
5:48 Drawing the field lines around a spherical object
7:02 Are gravitational field lines real?
Next Video: Universal Gravitational Potential Energy Introduction
http://www.flippingphysics.com/universal-gravitational-potential-energy.html
Multilingual? Please help translate Flipping Physics videos!
http://www.flippingphysics.com/translate.htm...
published: 28 Jan 2018
GCSE Physics - Gravity, Weight and GPE #3
This videos covers:
- What gravity is
- What the strength of gravity depends on
- How to calculate weight
- How to calculate gravitational potential energy
General info:
- You need to memorise the equation for gravitational potential energy
- Suitable for all GCSE and IGCSE courses
Exam board specific info:
AQA - Everything is relevant to your course!
IGCSE Edexcel - Everything is relevant to your course!
Edexcel - Everything is relevant to your course!
OCR 21st Century - Everything is relevant to your course!
OCR Gateway - Everything is relevant to your course!
published: 16 Jun 2019
Gravitational field inside earth| #jee #neet #boardexam
published: 04 Aug 2024
A Level Physics Revision: All of Gravitational Fields (in under 23 minutes)
Join my free Physics Newsletter: https://zphysicslessons.net/about
My Gravitation Workbook: https://koji.to/k/9Jut
My Physics Workbooks: https://zphysicslessons.net/my-workbooks
Gravitation Past Paper Questions Solutions: https://youtu.be/pUsTwN5NgzI
Chapters:
00:00 Intro
00:33 Gravitational Fields and Lines
03:10 Newton's Law of Gravitational Attraction
04:27 Gravitational Field Strength
05:48 Kepler's Laws
08:33 Proof of Kepler's Third Law
10:55 Geostationary Orbits
12:07 Height of a geostationary orbit
16:18 The gravitational potential and potential energy
This physics video tutorial explains how to calculate the gravitational field strength of the Earth at the surface and at some distance above the Earth's surfac...
This physics video tutorial explains how to calculate the gravitational field strength of the Earth at the surface and at some distance above the Earth's surface.
Static Friction & Centripetal Force: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dMgyy95uJUg
Normal Force on a Hill:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ec6btKP4qfg
Banked Turn Physics Problems:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FWXT-IzgbP0
Non-Uniform Circular Motion:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XlvD5_0FVSc
Gravitational Force:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ep1jIhHdf2A
______________________________
Universal Law of Gravitation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8CykJ3NgBQs
Gravitational Acceleration:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kubaJtXz0c8
Satellite Speed:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QIaAleG0Eb4
Kepler's Third Law of Motion:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCsbSq9wlyI
Circular Motion Review:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_psIWtPBHzA
____________________________________
Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DyaVgHGssos
Work, Energy, and Power:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_MR1Dp8-F8w
Final Exams and Video Playlists:
https://www.video-tutor.net/
Full-Length Videos and Worksheets:
https://www.patreon.com/MathScienceTutor/collections
Physics PDF Worksheets:
https://www.video-tutor.net/physics-basic-introduction.html
This physics video tutorial explains how to calculate the gravitational field strength of the Earth at the surface and at some distance above the Earth's surface.
Static Friction & Centripetal Force: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dMgyy95uJUg
Normal Force on a Hill:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ec6btKP4qfg
Banked Turn Physics Problems:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FWXT-IzgbP0
Non-Uniform Circular Motion:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XlvD5_0FVSc
Gravitational Force:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ep1jIhHdf2A
______________________________
Universal Law of Gravitation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8CykJ3NgBQs
Gravitational Acceleration:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kubaJtXz0c8
Satellite Speed:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QIaAleG0Eb4
Kepler's Third Law of Motion:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCsbSq9wlyI
Circular Motion Review:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_psIWtPBHzA
____________________________________
Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DyaVgHGssos
Work, Energy, and Power:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_MR1Dp8-F8w
Final Exams and Video Playlists:
https://www.video-tutor.net/
Full-Length Videos and Worksheets:
https://www.patreon.com/MathScienceTutor/collections
Physics PDF Worksheets:
https://www.video-tutor.net/physics-basic-introduction.html
A Level Physics
Doodle Science teaches you high school and College physics in a less boring way in almost no time!
Follow me: https://twitter.com/DoodleSci
Y...
A Level Physics
Doodle Science teaches you high school and College physics in a less boring way in almost no time!
Follow me: https://twitter.com/DoodleSci
You can support me at: https://patreon.com/doodlescience
Script:
A gravitational field is a region around one mass, which affects other nearby masses. It is very weak however which is why the effect is only significant on large objects like the Earth. We can represent the Earth’s gravitational field by drawing field lines showing the direction of the gravitational force on masses in the field. In this case the field is radial and equally spread around the earth. On the surface of the earth the gravitational field is approximately uniform because the field lines are virtually pointing in the same direction and are equally spaced. This is why we assume the acceleration due to gravity is a constant of 9.81m/s^2 because the change at small vertical heights is negligible.
Newton’s law of gravitation states that all masses attract each other with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two centres of mass. This gives us the equation F= - GMm/r^2. Where G is the universal gravitational constant of 6.67x10^-11; M is the mass of the larger body; m is the mass of the smaller body; and r is the distance between the centres of mass of the two bodies. The minus sign simply refers to the to the fact that the force is attractive. For example, two bodies, one of mass 6kg and the other of mass 20kg are placed 50cm apart. From this we can work out the gravitational force acting on each object as 3.20x10^-8N. The force acting on each body is equal because they are attracted to each other.
The gravitational field strength is the force per unit mass at a point in a gravitational field. For a uniform field the equation is F/m, where F is the force experienced by the body and m is the mass of the body. For a radial field, the gravitational field strength obeys an inverse square law. The equation for it is g=GM/r^2. You can see how the gravitational field strength would decrease the further you were from the centre of the body producing the field.
This formula can be used to work out the masses of celestial bodies. For example, given that the gravitational field strength on the earth’s surface is 9.81 N/kg and the radius of the earth is 6400km, we can work out the mass of the earth to be 6.02x10^24kg.
When considering planetary motion, the gravitational force acting on the body orbiting is equal to the centripetal force because the force acts perpendicular to the direction of motion. By equating the two formulas and using the formula for the speed of an object in circular motion we get the equation T^2=(4π^2/GM)r^3. Where T is the orbital period in seconds and r is the distance between the centres of mass of the orbiting body and body being orbited. This equation shows Kepler’s third law which states that the T^2 is directly proportional to r^3. This also suggests that for a set of celestial bodies (e.g. the planets of our solar system) orbiting the same large body (e.g. the sun), T^2/r^3 is a constant and is equal for all the celestial bodies.
For example, given that it takes 365 days for the Earth to orbit the sun and that the distance of the earth from the centre of the sun is 1.5x10^11m. We can work out the mass of the sun to be about 2.00x10^30kg.
Given that the orbital period of mars is 687 days, we can use the Earth’s orbital characteristics to work how far Mars is from the centre of the Sun as being 2.29x10^11m.
A geostationary orbit is an orbit around the Earth whose orbital period is 24 hours. They are located above the equator and are always vertically above the same point on the surface of the Earth. This makes them useful for TV satellites because the dishes can be pointed to a fixed point in the sky. Which is quite convenient I’d say.
References:
1. CGP AS & A2 Physics for OCR A, ISBN: 9781847624192
A Level Physics
Doodle Science teaches you high school and College physics in a less boring way in almost no time!
Follow me: https://twitter.com/DoodleSci
You can support me at: https://patreon.com/doodlescience
Script:
A gravitational field is a region around one mass, which affects other nearby masses. It is very weak however which is why the effect is only significant on large objects like the Earth. We can represent the Earth’s gravitational field by drawing field lines showing the direction of the gravitational force on masses in the field. In this case the field is radial and equally spread around the earth. On the surface of the earth the gravitational field is approximately uniform because the field lines are virtually pointing in the same direction and are equally spaced. This is why we assume the acceleration due to gravity is a constant of 9.81m/s^2 because the change at small vertical heights is negligible.
Newton’s law of gravitation states that all masses attract each other with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two centres of mass. This gives us the equation F= - GMm/r^2. Where G is the universal gravitational constant of 6.67x10^-11; M is the mass of the larger body; m is the mass of the smaller body; and r is the distance between the centres of mass of the two bodies. The minus sign simply refers to the to the fact that the force is attractive. For example, two bodies, one of mass 6kg and the other of mass 20kg are placed 50cm apart. From this we can work out the gravitational force acting on each object as 3.20x10^-8N. The force acting on each body is equal because they are attracted to each other.
The gravitational field strength is the force per unit mass at a point in a gravitational field. For a uniform field the equation is F/m, where F is the force experienced by the body and m is the mass of the body. For a radial field, the gravitational field strength obeys an inverse square law. The equation for it is g=GM/r^2. You can see how the gravitational field strength would decrease the further you were from the centre of the body producing the field.
This formula can be used to work out the masses of celestial bodies. For example, given that the gravitational field strength on the earth’s surface is 9.81 N/kg and the radius of the earth is 6400km, we can work out the mass of the earth to be 6.02x10^24kg.
When considering planetary motion, the gravitational force acting on the body orbiting is equal to the centripetal force because the force acts perpendicular to the direction of motion. By equating the two formulas and using the formula for the speed of an object in circular motion we get the equation T^2=(4π^2/GM)r^3. Where T is the orbital period in seconds and r is the distance between the centres of mass of the orbiting body and body being orbited. This equation shows Kepler’s third law which states that the T^2 is directly proportional to r^3. This also suggests that for a set of celestial bodies (e.g. the planets of our solar system) orbiting the same large body (e.g. the sun), T^2/r^3 is a constant and is equal for all the celestial bodies.
For example, given that it takes 365 days for the Earth to orbit the sun and that the distance of the earth from the centre of the sun is 1.5x10^11m. We can work out the mass of the sun to be about 2.00x10^30kg.
Given that the orbital period of mars is 687 days, we can use the Earth’s orbital characteristics to work how far Mars is from the centre of the Sun as being 2.29x10^11m.
A geostationary orbit is an orbit around the Earth whose orbital period is 24 hours. They are located above the equator and are always vertically above the same point on the surface of the Earth. This makes them useful for TV satellites because the dishes can be pointed to a fixed point in the sky. Which is quite convenient I’d say.
References:
1. CGP AS & A2 Physics for OCR A, ISBN: 9781847624192
025 - Gravitational Field Strength
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the gravitational field strength is directly related to the mass of the object and ...
025 - Gravitational Field Strength
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the gravitational field strength is directly related to the mass of the object and indirectly related to the square of the distance from the center of mass. The equation for gravitational field strength was discovered by Sir Isaac Newton and contains a gravitational constant.
Do you speak another language? Help me translate my videos:
http://www.bozemanscience.com/translations/
Music Attribution
Title: String Theory
Artist: Herman Jolly
http://sunsetvalley.bandcamp.com/track/string-theory
All of the images are licensed under creative commons and public domain licensing:
"File:GRACE Globe Animation.gif." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Accessed May 22, 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GRACE_globe_animation.gif.
"Gravity and Orbits." PhET. Accessed May 22, 2014. http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gravity-and-orbits.
Sjlegg. English: Gravitational Field Lines and Equipotentials (red) around the Earth., May 9, 2009. Own work. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gravitational_field_Earth_lines_equipotentials.svg.
025 - Gravitational Field Strength
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the gravitational field strength is directly related to the mass of the object and indirectly related to the square of the distance from the center of mass. The equation for gravitational field strength was discovered by Sir Isaac Newton and contains a gravitational constant.
Do you speak another language? Help me translate my videos:
http://www.bozemanscience.com/translations/
Music Attribution
Title: String Theory
Artist: Herman Jolly
http://sunsetvalley.bandcamp.com/track/string-theory
All of the images are licensed under creative commons and public domain licensing:
"File:GRACE Globe Animation.gif." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Accessed May 22, 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GRACE_globe_animation.gif.
"Gravity and Orbits." PhET. Accessed May 22, 2014. http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gravity-and-orbits.
Sjlegg. English: Gravitational Field Lines and Equipotentials (red) around the Earth., May 9, 2009. Own work. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gravitational_field_Earth_lines_equipotentials.svg.
The General Theory of Relativity tells us gravity is not a force, gravitational fields don't exist. Objects tend to move on straight paths through curved spacet...
The General Theory of Relativity tells us gravity is not a force, gravitational fields don't exist. Objects tend to move on straight paths through curved spacetime. Thanks to Caséta by Lutron for sponsoring this video. Find out more at: https://www.lutron.com/veritasium
Huge thanks to Prof. Geraint Lewis for hours of consulting on this video so I could get these ideas straight in my own brain. Check out his YouTube channel: https://ve42.co/gfl or his books: https://ve42.co/GFLbooks
Amazing VFX, compositing, and editing by Jonny Hyman
2D animations by Ivy Tello
Filmed by Steven Warren and Raquel Nuno
Special thanks to Petr Lebedev for reviews and script consultation
Music by Jonny Hyman and from Epidemic Sound https://epidemicsound.com
Rocket made by Goodnight and Co.
Screen images in rocket by Geoff Barrett
Slow motion rocket exhaust footage from Joe Barnard at BPS.Space
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCILl8ozWuxnFYXIe2svjHhg
The General Theory of Relativity tells us gravity is not a force, gravitational fields don't exist. Objects tend to move on straight paths through curved spacetime. Thanks to Caséta by Lutron for sponsoring this video. Find out more at: https://www.lutron.com/veritasium
Huge thanks to Prof. Geraint Lewis for hours of consulting on this video so I could get these ideas straight in my own brain. Check out his YouTube channel: https://ve42.co/gfl or his books: https://ve42.co/GFLbooks
Amazing VFX, compositing, and editing by Jonny Hyman
2D animations by Ivy Tello
Filmed by Steven Warren and Raquel Nuno
Special thanks to Petr Lebedev for reviews and script consultation
Music by Jonny Hyman and from Epidemic Sound https://epidemicsound.com
Rocket made by Goodnight and Co.
Screen images in rocket by Geoff Barrett
Slow motion rocket exhaust footage from Joe Barnard at BPS.Space
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCILl8ozWuxnFYXIe2svjHhg
Discovery That Changed Physics! Gravity is NOT a Force!
► Subscribe: https://goo.gl/r5jd1F
Gravity is one of the four fundamental forces of nature in the Unive...
Discovery That Changed Physics! Gravity is NOT a Force!
► Subscribe: https://goo.gl/r5jd1F
Gravity is one of the four fundamental forces of nature in the Universe. But of the four forces of nature, it stands alone as different. In fact, gravity isn’t the force you think it is, and perhaps it's not a force at all.
If you think you understand gravity, then get ready to change the way you think about gravity…forever.
We are on social media:
www.facebook.com/destinymediaa
www.instagram.com/destiny.media.yt/
The Destiny voice:
www.TomsVoiceovers.co.uk
Sourses: https://pastebin.com/raw/pcZGVx2S
Discovery That Changed Physics! Gravity is NOT a Force!
► Subscribe: https://goo.gl/r5jd1F
Gravity is one of the four fundamental forces of nature in the Universe. But of the four forces of nature, it stands alone as different. In fact, gravity isn’t the force you think it is, and perhaps it's not a force at all.
If you think you understand gravity, then get ready to change the way you think about gravity…forever.
We are on social media:
www.facebook.com/destinymediaa
www.instagram.com/destiny.media.yt/
The Destiny voice:
www.TomsVoiceovers.co.uk
Sourses: https://pastebin.com/raw/pcZGVx2S
The gravitational field is introduced and illustrated. For a constant field and a non-constant field around a spherical object.
Want Lecture Notes? http://www.f...
The gravitational field is introduced and illustrated. For a constant field and a non-constant field around a spherical object.
Want Lecture Notes? http://www.flippingphysics.com/gravitational-field.html This is an AP Physics 1 topic.
0:00 The two force of gravity equations
0:55 The constant gravitational field equation
2:25 Gravitational Field Lines
3:16 What is a gravitational field?
4:33 The gravitational field equation around a spherical object
5:48 Drawing the field lines around a spherical object
7:02 Are gravitational field lines real?
Next Video: Universal Gravitational Potential Energy Introduction
http://www.flippingphysics.com/universal-gravitational-potential-energy.html
Multilingual? Please help translate Flipping Physics videos!
http://www.flippingphysics.com/translate.html
Previous Video: Number of g's or g-Forces Introduction
http://www.flippingphysics.com/g-forces.html
Please support me on Patreon!
http://patreon.com/FlippingPhysics
Thank you to Tony Dunn, Christopher Becke and Jonathan Everett for being my Quality Control Team for this video.
http://flippingphysics.com/quality-control.html
Thank you to Youssef Nasr for transcribing the English subtitles of this video.
The gravitational field is introduced and illustrated. For a constant field and a non-constant field around a spherical object.
Want Lecture Notes? http://www.flippingphysics.com/gravitational-field.html This is an AP Physics 1 topic.
0:00 The two force of gravity equations
0:55 The constant gravitational field equation
2:25 Gravitational Field Lines
3:16 What is a gravitational field?
4:33 The gravitational field equation around a spherical object
5:48 Drawing the field lines around a spherical object
7:02 Are gravitational field lines real?
Next Video: Universal Gravitational Potential Energy Introduction
http://www.flippingphysics.com/universal-gravitational-potential-energy.html
Multilingual? Please help translate Flipping Physics videos!
http://www.flippingphysics.com/translate.html
Previous Video: Number of g's or g-Forces Introduction
http://www.flippingphysics.com/g-forces.html
Please support me on Patreon!
http://patreon.com/FlippingPhysics
Thank you to Tony Dunn, Christopher Becke and Jonathan Everett for being my Quality Control Team for this video.
http://flippingphysics.com/quality-control.html
Thank you to Youssef Nasr for transcribing the English subtitles of this video.
This videos covers:
- What gravity is
- What the strength of gravity depends on
- How to calculate weight
- How to calculate gravitational potential energy
G...
This videos covers:
- What gravity is
- What the strength of gravity depends on
- How to calculate weight
- How to calculate gravitational potential energy
General info:
- You need to memorise the equation for gravitational potential energy
- Suitable for all GCSE and IGCSE courses
Exam board specific info:
AQA - Everything is relevant to your course!
IGCSE Edexcel - Everything is relevant to your course!
Edexcel - Everything is relevant to your course!
OCR 21st Century - Everything is relevant to your course!
OCR Gateway - Everything is relevant to your course!
This videos covers:
- What gravity is
- What the strength of gravity depends on
- How to calculate weight
- How to calculate gravitational potential energy
General info:
- You need to memorise the equation for gravitational potential energy
- Suitable for all GCSE and IGCSE courses
Exam board specific info:
AQA - Everything is relevant to your course!
IGCSE Edexcel - Everything is relevant to your course!
Edexcel - Everything is relevant to your course!
OCR 21st Century - Everything is relevant to your course!
OCR Gateway - Everything is relevant to your course!
Join my free Physics Newsletter: https://zphysicslessons.net/about
My Gravitation Workbook: https://koji.to/k/9Jut
My Physics Workbooks: https://zphysicslesso...
Join my free Physics Newsletter: https://zphysicslessons.net/about
My Gravitation Workbook: https://koji.to/k/9Jut
My Physics Workbooks: https://zphysicslessons.net/my-workbooks
Gravitation Past Paper Questions Solutions: https://youtu.be/pUsTwN5NgzI
Chapters:
00:00 Intro
00:33 Gravitational Fields and Lines
03:10 Newton's Law of Gravitational Attraction
04:27 Gravitational Field Strength
05:48 Kepler's Laws
08:33 Proof of Kepler's Third Law
10:55 Geostationary Orbits
12:07 Height of a geostationary orbit
16:18 The gravitational potential and potential energy
Join my free Physics Newsletter: https://zphysicslessons.net/about
My Gravitation Workbook: https://koji.to/k/9Jut
My Physics Workbooks: https://zphysicslessons.net/my-workbooks
Gravitation Past Paper Questions Solutions: https://youtu.be/pUsTwN5NgzI
Chapters:
00:00 Intro
00:33 Gravitational Fields and Lines
03:10 Newton's Law of Gravitational Attraction
04:27 Gravitational Field Strength
05:48 Kepler's Laws
08:33 Proof of Kepler's Third Law
10:55 Geostationary Orbits
12:07 Height of a geostationary orbit
16:18 The gravitational potential and potential energy
This physics video tutorial explains how to calculate the gravitational field strength of the Earth at the surface and at some distance above the Earth's surface.
Static Friction & Centripetal Force: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dMgyy95uJUg
Normal Force on a Hill:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ec6btKP4qfg
Banked Turn Physics Problems:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FWXT-IzgbP0
Non-Uniform Circular Motion:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XlvD5_0FVSc
Gravitational Force:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ep1jIhHdf2A
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Universal Law of Gravitation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8CykJ3NgBQs
Gravitational Acceleration:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kubaJtXz0c8
Satellite Speed:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QIaAleG0Eb4
Kepler's Third Law of Motion:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCsbSq9wlyI
Circular Motion Review:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_psIWtPBHzA
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Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy:
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Work, Energy, and Power:
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A Level Physics
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Script:
A gravitational field is a region around one mass, which affects other nearby masses. It is very weak however which is why the effect is only significant on large objects like the Earth. We can represent the Earth’s gravitational field by drawing field lines showing the direction of the gravitational force on masses in the field. In this case the field is radial and equally spread around the earth. On the surface of the earth the gravitational field is approximately uniform because the field lines are virtually pointing in the same direction and are equally spaced. This is why we assume the acceleration due to gravity is a constant of 9.81m/s^2 because the change at small vertical heights is negligible.
Newton’s law of gravitation states that all masses attract each other with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two centres of mass. This gives us the equation F= - GMm/r^2. Where G is the universal gravitational constant of 6.67x10^-11; M is the mass of the larger body; m is the mass of the smaller body; and r is the distance between the centres of mass of the two bodies. The minus sign simply refers to the to the fact that the force is attractive. For example, two bodies, one of mass 6kg and the other of mass 20kg are placed 50cm apart. From this we can work out the gravitational force acting on each object as 3.20x10^-8N. The force acting on each body is equal because they are attracted to each other.
The gravitational field strength is the force per unit mass at a point in a gravitational field. For a uniform field the equation is F/m, where F is the force experienced by the body and m is the mass of the body. For a radial field, the gravitational field strength obeys an inverse square law. The equation for it is g=GM/r^2. You can see how the gravitational field strength would decrease the further you were from the centre of the body producing the field.
This formula can be used to work out the masses of celestial bodies. For example, given that the gravitational field strength on the earth’s surface is 9.81 N/kg and the radius of the earth is 6400km, we can work out the mass of the earth to be 6.02x10^24kg.
When considering planetary motion, the gravitational force acting on the body orbiting is equal to the centripetal force because the force acts perpendicular to the direction of motion. By equating the two formulas and using the formula for the speed of an object in circular motion we get the equation T^2=(4π^2/GM)r^3. Where T is the orbital period in seconds and r is the distance between the centres of mass of the orbiting body and body being orbited. This equation shows Kepler’s third law which states that the T^2 is directly proportional to r^3. This also suggests that for a set of celestial bodies (e.g. the planets of our solar system) orbiting the same large body (e.g. the sun), T^2/r^3 is a constant and is equal for all the celestial bodies.
For example, given that it takes 365 days for the Earth to orbit the sun and that the distance of the earth from the centre of the sun is 1.5x10^11m. We can work out the mass of the sun to be about 2.00x10^30kg.
Given that the orbital period of mars is 687 days, we can use the Earth’s orbital characteristics to work how far Mars is from the centre of the Sun as being 2.29x10^11m.
A geostationary orbit is an orbit around the Earth whose orbital period is 24 hours. They are located above the equator and are always vertically above the same point on the surface of the Earth. This makes them useful for TV satellites because the dishes can be pointed to a fixed point in the sky. Which is quite convenient I’d say.
References:
1. CGP AS & A2 Physics for OCR A, ISBN: 9781847624192
025 - Gravitational Field Strength
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the gravitational field strength is directly related to the mass of the object and indirectly related to the square of the distance from the center of mass. The equation for gravitational field strength was discovered by Sir Isaac Newton and contains a gravitational constant.
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Music Attribution
Title: String Theory
Artist: Herman Jolly
http://sunsetvalley.bandcamp.com/track/string-theory
All of the images are licensed under creative commons and public domain licensing:
"File:GRACE Globe Animation.gif." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Accessed May 22, 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GRACE_globe_animation.gif.
"Gravity and Orbits." PhET. Accessed May 22, 2014. http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gravity-and-orbits.
Sjlegg. English: Gravitational Field Lines and Equipotentials (red) around the Earth., May 9, 2009. Own work. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gravitational_field_Earth_lines_equipotentials.svg.
The General Theory of Relativity tells us gravity is not a force, gravitational fields don't exist. Objects tend to move on straight paths through curved spacetime. Thanks to Caséta by Lutron for sponsoring this video. Find out more at: https://www.lutron.com/veritasium
Huge thanks to Prof. Geraint Lewis for hours of consulting on this video so I could get these ideas straight in my own brain. Check out his YouTube channel: https://ve42.co/gfl or his books: https://ve42.co/GFLbooks
Amazing VFX, compositing, and editing by Jonny Hyman
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Discovery That Changed Physics! Gravity is NOT a Force!
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Gravity is one of the four fundamental forces of nature in the Universe. But of the four forces of nature, it stands alone as different. In fact, gravity isn’t the force you think it is, and perhaps it's not a force at all.
If you think you understand gravity, then get ready to change the way you think about gravity…forever.
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The gravitational field is introduced and illustrated. For a constant field and a non-constant field around a spherical object.
Want Lecture Notes? http://www.flippingphysics.com/gravitational-field.html This is an AP Physics 1 topic.
0:00 The two force of gravity equations
0:55 The constant gravitational field equation
2:25 Gravitational Field Lines
3:16 What is a gravitational field?
4:33 The gravitational field equation around a spherical object
5:48 Drawing the field lines around a spherical object
7:02 Are gravitational field lines real?
Next Video: Universal Gravitational Potential Energy Introduction
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This videos covers:
- What gravity is
- What the strength of gravity depends on
- How to calculate weight
- How to calculate gravitational potential energy
General info:
- You need to memorise the equation for gravitational potential energy
- Suitable for all GCSE and IGCSE courses
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Chapters:
00:00 Intro
00:33 Gravitational Fields and Lines
03:10 Newton's Law of Gravitational Attraction
04:27 Gravitational Field Strength
05:48 Kepler's Laws
08:33 Proof of Kepler's Third Law
10:55 Geostationary Orbits
12:07 Height of a geostationary orbit
16:18 The gravitational potential and potential energy
The gravitational constant, approximately 6989667400000000000♠6.674×10−11N⋅m2/kg2 and denoted by the letter G, is an empiricalphysical constant involved in the calculation(s) of gravitational force between two bodies. It usually appears in Sir Isaac Newton's law of universal gravitation, and in Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity. It is also known as the universal gravitational constant, Newton's constant, and colloquially as Big G. It should not be confused with "small g" (g), which is the local gravitational field of Earth (equivalent to the free-fall acceleration).
Laws and constants
According to the law of universal gravitation, the attractive force (F) between two bodies is directly proportional to the product of their masses (m1 and m2), and inversely proportional to the square of the distance, r, (inverse-square law) between them:
The gravitational constant is a physical constant that is difficult to measure with high accuracy. In SI units, the 2014 CODATA-recommended value of the gravitational constant (with standard uncertainty in parentheses) is: