Sanskrit prosody is the study of metre in Sanskrit poetry. Standard traditional works on meter are Pingala's Chandaḥśāstra and Kedāra's Vṛttaratnākara. The most exhaustive compilations, such as the modern ones by Patwardhan and Velankar contain over 600 meters. This is a substantially larger repertoire than in any other metrical tradition.
Classification
The metres of classical Sanskrit poetry are divided into three kinds.
Syllabic verse (akṣaravṛtta): meters depend on the number of syllables in a verse, with relative freedom in the distribution of light and heavy syllables. This style is derived from older Vedic forms, and found in the great epics, the Mahabharata and the Ramayana.
Syllabo-quantitative verse (varṇavṛtta): meters depend on syllable count, but the light-heavy patterns are fixed.
Quantitative verse (mātrāvṛtta): meters depend on duration, where each verse-line has a fixed number of morae, usually grouped in sets of four.
Metrical poetry in Telugu is called Chandas or Chandassu (Telugu:ఛందస్సు). Prose and poetry in Telugu follows the rules of Chandassu to design the structural
features of 'poetry'. Chandassu is a definable aspect of many definable and indefinable aspects of poetry. Chandassu generates rhythm to the literature when the rules are properly followed. Rhythm is important to literature as a preliminary attraction.
Construction of Chandas
In Telugu, 'chandas' is constructed based on the number of 'aksharaas' (syllables) in each line (also called paadam) of a poem.
As the same lines are repeated (aaVrutta), these are called 'Vruttaas'. If all the lines in a poem follow the same 'types of aksharaas', it is called a 'sama Vrutta'.
There are separate Telugu equivalents for English words 'letter' and 'syllable'. The first one is 'varNamu' (letter). This is the basic 'letter' of the Telugu in the alphabets, and is called 'varNa samaamnaayamu'. There are fifty six 'varNa samaamnaayamu'(s) in Telugu.
Chandas is a Unicode compatible OpenType Font designed by Mihail Bayaryn for the Devanagari script released under the GNU General Public License. The font is notable for containing a particularly extensive set of conjunct ligatures for Sanskrit and also supporting Vedic accents, which were unavailable in other Devanagari fonts when it was released. Though the font was designed primarily for writing Sanskrit, it may be used for all languages written in the Devanagari script, including Hindi, Marathi, and Nepali. The font was developed and is maintained by Mihail Bayaryn.
The Chandas font "contains 4347 glyphs: 325 half-forms, 960 half-forms context-variations, 2743 ligature-signs." The font is, therefore, useful for those who want to see old Sanskrit texts in their original form. 'It is designed especially for Vedic and Classical Sanskrit but can also be used for Hindi, Nepali and other modern Indian languages. The font includes Vedic accents and many additional signs and provides maximal support for Devanagari script."
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TDT News
19 Dec 2024
TDT News
19 Dec 2024