-
Cellular Respiration (UPDATED)
Explore the process of aerobic cellular respiration and why ATP production is so important in this updated cellular respiration video by The Amoeba Sisters! This video compares the cellular respiration equation to photosynthesis before exploring the basics of glycolysis, Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle), and the Electron Transport Chain (and chemiosmosis). Prefer our old (original) video on cellular respiration? You can find that here https://youtu.be/4Eo7JtRA7lg
-----------------------------------------------
Table of Contents:
00:00 Intro
0:28 ATP
0:55 We're focusing on Eukaryotes
1:39 Cellular Resp and Photosyn Equations
2:21 Plants also do cellular respiration
3:05 Glycolysis
3:44 Intermediate Step (Pyruvate Oxidation)
4:05 Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)
4:43 Electron Transport Chain...
published: 29 Apr 2021
-
Cellular Respiration Overview | Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle & Electron Transport Chain
💯 Score high with test prep from Magoosh - Effective and affordable!
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✨MCAT Free Trial: https://bit.ly/2LUekvu
Please note: This description contains affiliate links, which means that if you make a purchase product links, I’ll receive a small commission. This helps support the channel and allows me to continue to make videos like this. Thank you for your support!
---CELLULAR RESPIRATION STEP VIDS---
Glycolysis: (in production)
Krebs (Citric Acid) Cycle: (in production)
Electron Transport Chain: (in production)
---RECOMMENDED...
published: 15 Jan 2021
-
Cellular Respiration: How Do Cells Get Energy?
Cellular respiration is the process through which the cell generates energy, in the form of ATP, using food and oxygen. The is a multistep biochemical process where food, primarily the carbohydrate glucose, is broken down to produce energy.
There are three steps in cellular respiration:
Glycolysis
The Krebs cycle
Electron Transport Chain and Oxidative phosphorylation
#science #animation #cellularrespiration
References:
https://www.macmillanlearning.com/college/ca/product/Lehninger-Principles-of-Biochemistry/p/1319228003
http://www.uwyo.edu/bio1000skh/lecture14.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7919/
https://utswmed-ir.tdl.org/bitstream/handle/2152.5/943/GordonAlexandra.pdf?sequence=3
https://serc.carleton.edu/sp/mnstep/activities/38025.html
https://www.amybrownscience.com/20...
published: 03 Dec 2021
-
Cellular Respiration Part 1: Glycolysis
You need energy to do literally anything, even just lay still and think. Where does this energy come from? Well, food, right? But how? This is one of the most miraculous biological processes, and it happens in our bodies every moment of every day. It's quite complicated, so let's check it out in three sections. First up, glycolysis!
Watch the whole Biochemistry playlist: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveBiochem
General Chemistry Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveGenChem
Organic Chemistry Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveOrgChem
Biology Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveBio
Classical Physics Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDavePhysics1
Modern Physics Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDavePhysics2
Mathematics Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveMaths
EMAIL► [email protected]
PATREON► http://patreon...
published: 14 Sep 2016
-
COA - Sea Urchin Character (2002) [Full Album]
COA is a 2 piece band from Himeji, in the Kansai region of Japan. Their name means "scary"/"afraid" in English. They consisted of Eddie Corman on lead vocals and bass, and Bill on drums and backup vocals.
This is the band's latest studio release, recorded in 2001 and released in 2002 on the GYUNNE CASSETTE sublabel ZASSHOKU. The album features some of the longest compositions by the band, including the almost 15-minute "Dead Generation" and the 3-part suite "Cell Division".
0:00 Teorema (intro)
2:52 Dead Generation
16:42 Cell Division I
25:31 Cell Division II
29:21 Cell Division III
33:50 Teorema
I never have nor will monetize these videos. If advertisements are playing on them, most likely the song(s) have been content matched by YouTube and the artist(s) is/are making all of the profi...
published: 15 Mar 2023
-
Metabolism | The Krebs Cycle
Official Ninja Nerd Website: https://ninjanerd.org
Ninja Nerds!
In this lecture Professor Zach Murphy will present on the starting reactant of the Krebs cycle, as well as each individual intermediate. We also go into detail on the various enzymes and how they regulate this process. Additionally, we discuss various pathologies that can affect enzymes along this pathway. We hope you enjoy this lecture and be sure to support us below!
Join this channel to get access to perks:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC6QYFutt9cluQ3uSM963_KQ/join
APPAREL |
We are switching merchandise suppliers.
DONATE
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published: 05 Jun 2017
-
Cellular Respiration Part 2: The Citric Acid Cycle
Sequels usually suck, but this one is really good. Nature figured out a way to improve on glycolysis by stumbling upon the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, so let's look at the first of those two in this clip.
Watch the whole Biochemistry playlist: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveBiochem
General Chemistry Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveGenChem
Organic Chemistry Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveOrgChem
Biology Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveBio
Classical Physics Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDavePhysics1
Modern Physics Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDavePhysics2
Mathematics Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveMaths
EMAIL► [email protected]
PATREON► http://patreon.com/ProfessorDaveExplains
Check out "Is This Wi-Fi Organic?", my book on disarming pseudoscience!
Amazon: h...
published: 15 Sep 2016
-
Biggest mistake I do while recording| behind the scene | #jennyslectures
published: 18 Jul 2021
-
The Krebs Cycle Explained (Aerobic Respiration)
In this third video of our series on aerobic respiration, we will learn about the Krebs cycle (also known as the citric acid cycle). This is a critical stage in aerobic respiration that completes the oxidation and breakdown of what is left of sugar, making many electron carriers as well as carbon dioxide and a bit of ATP. This goes along with the Respiration Interactive activity at BioMan Biology, so you might want to start there: https://biomanbio.com/HTML5GamesandLabs/PhotoRespgames/respiration-interactive-page.html
Credits: music from https://www.bensound.com/
published: 17 Feb 2021
-
Krebs Cylcle Trick How to remember krebs cycle FOREVER!!
JOIN our channel for LECTURE HANDOUT & FLASHCARDS
New Video on GLYCOLYSIS TRICK : https://youtu.be/C5wNfdWr4tk
NEW VID ON KREBS CYCLE : https://youtu.be/o2h7XsNQ1kI
Help us Improve our content
Support us on Patreon : https://www.patreon.com/medsimplfied
KREBS CYCLE (called after Hans Krebs) is a part of cellular respiration. Its other names are the citric acid cycle, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle).
It is the series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy. It is important to many biochemical pathways. This suggests that it was one of the earliest parts of cellular metabolism to evolve.
The Krebs cycle comes after the link reaction and provides the hydrogen and electrons needed for the electron transport chain. It takes place inside mitocho...
published: 02 May 2018
8:47
Cellular Respiration (UPDATED)
Explore the process of aerobic cellular respiration and why ATP production is so important in this updated cellular respiration video by The Amoeba Sisters! Thi...
Explore the process of aerobic cellular respiration and why ATP production is so important in this updated cellular respiration video by The Amoeba Sisters! This video compares the cellular respiration equation to photosynthesis before exploring the basics of glycolysis, Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle), and the Electron Transport Chain (and chemiosmosis). Prefer our old (original) video on cellular respiration? You can find that here https://youtu.be/4Eo7JtRA7lg
-----------------------------------------------
Table of Contents:
00:00 Intro
0:28 ATP
0:55 We're focusing on Eukaryotes
1:39 Cellular Resp and Photosyn Equations
2:21 Plants also do cellular respiration
3:05 Glycolysis
3:44 Intermediate Step (Pyruvate Oxidation)
4:05 Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)
4:43 Electron Transport Chain
6:25 How much ATP is made?
7:27 Fermentation
7:46 Emphasizing Importance of ATP
Reminders:
As mentioned in the video,
*we are assuming the products made from 1 glucose molecule.
*these are not molecular illustrations 🙃
CORRECTION:
00:36 Type of nucleotide. And while nucleotides are monomers for nucleic acids, ATP doesn't form the chains you see in nucleic acids (and its function differs as video shows). Our ATP video mentions it's a nucleotide derivative.
-----------------------------------------------
FACTUAL REFERENCES:
Rye, Connie, et al. “Ch. 1 Introduction - Biology | OpenStax.” Openstax.org, 21 Oct. 2016, openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction.
Urry, Lisa A, et al. Campbell Biology. 11th ed., New York, Ny, Pearson Education, Inc, 2017.
Reece, J. B., & Campbell, N. A. (2011). Campbell biology. Boston: Benjamin Cummings / Pearson.
Why is the Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) considered an aerobic process?
Reference Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/7-3-oxidation-of-pyruvate-and-the-citric-acid-cycle
-----------------------------------------------
FURTHER READING SUGGESTIONS:
Explore the fascinating details of the Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)! https://openstax.org/books/biology-ap-courses/pages/7-3-oxidation-of-pyruvate-and-the-citric-acid-cycle
Learn About Protein Complexes and Electron Carriers in the Electron Transport Chain:
https://openstax.org/books/biology-ap-courses/pages/7-4-oxidative-phosphorylation
We try to emphasize that the ATP produced is not an exact amount. But what factors might affect ATP production? https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/7-4-oxidative-phosphorylation
Learn more about mitochondrial diseases: https://medlineplus.gov/mitochondrialdiseases.html
-----------------------------------------------
The Amoeba Sisters videos demystify science with humor and relevance. The videos center on Pinky's certification and experience in teaching biology at the high school level. Amoeba Sisters videos only cover concepts that Pinky is certified to teach, and they focus on her specialty: secondary life science. Learn more about our videos here: https://www.amoebasisters.com/our-videos
⭐We have a menu of our resources that complement our videos! Visit https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1b3kmAzFEjWgoMKCrkeNCKFYunWk04IuLY93jI4OY0gY/edit?usp=sharing
Support Us? https://www.amoebasisters.com/support-us
Our Resources:
Biology Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwL0Myd7Dk1F0iQPGrjehze3eDpco1eVz
GIFs: https://www.amoebasisters.com/gifs.html
Handouts: https://www.amoebasisters.com/handouts.html
Comics: https://www.amoebasisters.com/parameciumparlorcomics
Unlectured Series: https://www.amoebasisters.com/unlectured
Connect with us!
Website: https://www.AmoebaSisters.com
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/AmoebaSisters
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/AmoebaSisters
Tumblr: https://www.amoebasisters.tumblr.com
Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/AmoebaSisters
Webtoon: https://www.webtoons.com/en/challenge/amoeba-sisters-sisterhood/list?title_no=289479&page=1
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/amoebasistersofficial/
Visit our Redbubble store at https://www.amoebasisters.com/store
TIPS FOR VIEWING EDU YOUTUBE VIDEOS:
Want to learn tips for viewing edu YouTube videos including changing the speed, language, viewing the transcript, etc? https://www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/10-youtube-tips-from-an-edu-youtuber-duo
MUSIC:
Our intro music designed and performed by Jeremiah Cheshire.
End music in this video is listed free to use/no attribution required from the YouTube audio library.
TRANSLATIONS:
Thai subtitles: Thanakrit .K
UPDATE: We have videos dubbed in Spanish and Portuguese using an artificial voice via https://aloud.area120.google.com to increase accessibility. Learn more as well as how to contribute translated subtitles here: https://www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/community-contributed-subtitles
https://wn.com/Cellular_Respiration_(Updated)
Explore the process of aerobic cellular respiration and why ATP production is so important in this updated cellular respiration video by The Amoeba Sisters! This video compares the cellular respiration equation to photosynthesis before exploring the basics of glycolysis, Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle), and the Electron Transport Chain (and chemiosmosis). Prefer our old (original) video on cellular respiration? You can find that here https://youtu.be/4Eo7JtRA7lg
-----------------------------------------------
Table of Contents:
00:00 Intro
0:28 ATP
0:55 We're focusing on Eukaryotes
1:39 Cellular Resp and Photosyn Equations
2:21 Plants also do cellular respiration
3:05 Glycolysis
3:44 Intermediate Step (Pyruvate Oxidation)
4:05 Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)
4:43 Electron Transport Chain
6:25 How much ATP is made?
7:27 Fermentation
7:46 Emphasizing Importance of ATP
Reminders:
As mentioned in the video,
*we are assuming the products made from 1 glucose molecule.
*these are not molecular illustrations 🙃
CORRECTION:
00:36 Type of nucleotide. And while nucleotides are monomers for nucleic acids, ATP doesn't form the chains you see in nucleic acids (and its function differs as video shows). Our ATP video mentions it's a nucleotide derivative.
-----------------------------------------------
FACTUAL REFERENCES:
Rye, Connie, et al. “Ch. 1 Introduction - Biology | OpenStax.” Openstax.org, 21 Oct. 2016, openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction.
Urry, Lisa A, et al. Campbell Biology. 11th ed., New York, Ny, Pearson Education, Inc, 2017.
Reece, J. B., & Campbell, N. A. (2011). Campbell biology. Boston: Benjamin Cummings / Pearson.
Why is the Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) considered an aerobic process?
Reference Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/7-3-oxidation-of-pyruvate-and-the-citric-acid-cycle
-----------------------------------------------
FURTHER READING SUGGESTIONS:
Explore the fascinating details of the Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)! https://openstax.org/books/biology-ap-courses/pages/7-3-oxidation-of-pyruvate-and-the-citric-acid-cycle
Learn About Protein Complexes and Electron Carriers in the Electron Transport Chain:
https://openstax.org/books/biology-ap-courses/pages/7-4-oxidative-phosphorylation
We try to emphasize that the ATP produced is not an exact amount. But what factors might affect ATP production? https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/7-4-oxidative-phosphorylation
Learn more about mitochondrial diseases: https://medlineplus.gov/mitochondrialdiseases.html
-----------------------------------------------
The Amoeba Sisters videos demystify science with humor and relevance. The videos center on Pinky's certification and experience in teaching biology at the high school level. Amoeba Sisters videos only cover concepts that Pinky is certified to teach, and they focus on her specialty: secondary life science. Learn more about our videos here: https://www.amoebasisters.com/our-videos
⭐We have a menu of our resources that complement our videos! Visit https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1b3kmAzFEjWgoMKCrkeNCKFYunWk04IuLY93jI4OY0gY/edit?usp=sharing
Support Us? https://www.amoebasisters.com/support-us
Our Resources:
Biology Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwL0Myd7Dk1F0iQPGrjehze3eDpco1eVz
GIFs: https://www.amoebasisters.com/gifs.html
Handouts: https://www.amoebasisters.com/handouts.html
Comics: https://www.amoebasisters.com/parameciumparlorcomics
Unlectured Series: https://www.amoebasisters.com/unlectured
Connect with us!
Website: https://www.AmoebaSisters.com
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/AmoebaSisters
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/AmoebaSisters
Tumblr: https://www.amoebasisters.tumblr.com
Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/AmoebaSisters
Webtoon: https://www.webtoons.com/en/challenge/amoeba-sisters-sisterhood/list?title_no=289479&page=1
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/amoebasistersofficial/
Visit our Redbubble store at https://www.amoebasisters.com/store
TIPS FOR VIEWING EDU YOUTUBE VIDEOS:
Want to learn tips for viewing edu YouTube videos including changing the speed, language, viewing the transcript, etc? https://www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/10-youtube-tips-from-an-edu-youtuber-duo
MUSIC:
Our intro music designed and performed by Jeremiah Cheshire.
End music in this video is listed free to use/no attribution required from the YouTube audio library.
TRANSLATIONS:
Thai subtitles: Thanakrit .K
UPDATE: We have videos dubbed in Spanish and Portuguese using an artificial voice via https://aloud.area120.google.com to increase accessibility. Learn more as well as how to contribute translated subtitles here: https://www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/community-contributed-subtitles
- published: 29 Apr 2021
- views: 4376740
4:37
Cellular Respiration Overview | Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle & Electron Transport Chain
💯 Score high with test prep from Magoosh - Effective and affordable!
🔥 SAT Prep: https://bit.ly/2KpOxL7
✨ SAT Free Trial: https://bit.ly/3oOXDQK
🔥 ACT Prep: ...
💯 Score high with test prep from Magoosh - Effective and affordable!
🔥 SAT Prep: https://bit.ly/2KpOxL7
✨ SAT Free Trial: https://bit.ly/3oOXDQK
🔥 ACT Prep: https://bit.ly/2IQFUIU
✨ACT Free Trial: https://bit.ly/3bCks6C
🔥 GRE Prep: https://bit.ly/360CFr1
✨ GRE Free Trial: https://bit.ly/39PExUD
🔥 MCAT Prep: https://bit.ly/2LWZm7W
✨MCAT Free Trial: https://bit.ly/2LUekvu
Please note: This description contains affiliate links, which means that if you make a purchase product links, I’ll receive a small commission. This helps support the channel and allows me to continue to make videos like this. Thank you for your support!
---CELLULAR RESPIRATION STEP VIDS---
Glycolysis: (in production)
Krebs (Citric Acid) Cycle: (in production)
Electron Transport Chain: (in production)
---RECOMMENDED STUDY GUIDES---
Genetics: https://amzn.to/2BzK1S2
Biology I: https://amzn.to/2SasaIl
Biology II: https://amzn.to/2EKKGEv
Biology terminology: https://amzn.to/2BBHuXo
---VIDEOS AND PLAYLISTS---
Test tips and tricks: https://bit.ly/2VAnjTb
Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Cells: https://bit.ly/2QDqkOY
Plant cell vs Animal cell: https://bit.ly/2M10y6j
Smooth ER: https://bit.ly/2FpvYD4
Images adapted from Wikipedia and OpenStax Biology
---TRANSCRIPT---
Thanks for stopping by, this is 2 Minute Classroom and today we are doing an overview of cellular respiration. This will be a good introduction to the topic or a good refresher before a test or homework assignment.
Cellular respiration is the process by which your cells break down macromolecules (like glucose) to produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell.
There are three main steps in cellular respiration. Glycolysis, the Krebs (or citric acid) Cycle, and the electron transport chain (also known as oxidative phosphorylation)
We’ll cover each of these steps briefly in this video and focus on the total ATP produced from a single glucose molecule going through each step. You can find links to a more detailed video of each step in the description below once they are produced.
The first step, Glycolysis, is a series of reactions that take place in the cytosol.
Glucose is a high energy molecule and glycolysis starts the process of extracting that energy from the glucose molecule.
Glycolysis requires the input of a glucose and two ATP molecules and puts out four ATP, two NADH molecules and two pyruvate molecules.
So the net ATP production of glycolysis is two ATP.
The two NADH will come into play later.
The two pyruvates then undergo oxidation to produce two acetyl-COA molecules, also producing two more NADH.
These two acetyl-COAs go into the next step, the Krebs Cycle. The pyruvate oxidation and Krebs cycle both take place in the mitochondria.
Each Acetyl-COA goes through the Krebs cycle separately and produces three NADH, one FADH2, and one ATP (or GTP).
Since this happens twice our total production in the Krebs Cycle is six NADH, two FADH2, and two ATP.
As stated earlier, the NADH and FADH2 will be used in the final step of cellular respiration.
This brings us to our final step, oxidative phosphorylation and the electron transport chain or ETC, which also takes place in the mitochondria.
Without getting too complex, this step utilizes the NADH and FADH2 to create a concentration of hydrogen ions (an electrochemical gradient) on one side of a membrane. This sounds complicated but just think of it like a dam holding a high concentration of water on one side.
Our hydrogen ions are like the water.
Just as the water pressure of a dam can push a turbine to create energy, the high concentration of hydrogen ions powers a “pump” to create ATP. The pump in this case is a very efficient enzyme called ATP synthase.
For each NADH that goes into the ETC we get approximately 2.5 ATP out and for each FADH2 we get 1.5 ATP out.
Looking at our totals from a single glucose molecule we have:
10 NADH (2 from glycolysis, 2 from pyruvate oxidation and 6 from the kreb’s cycle)
Which yields approximately 25 ATP in the final step of oxidative phosphorylation.
We also have the 2 FADH2 from the krebs cycle which will produce 3 more ATP.
And finally we have 4 ATP molecules, two ATP from glycolysis and two ATP from the krebs cycle for a grand total of 32 ATP from a single glucose molecule.
It is very important to note that there is a theoretical yield of 38 ATP, but conditions in the cell put the actual yield between 30-32 ATP.
If you found this video helpful then you’ll love Magoosh test prep.
If you’re a student studying to take (or retake) the ACT or SAT and many other standardized tests then look no further than Magoosh. They provide affordable and effective test prep for every major standardized test. They make it easy to increase your score and truly care about your success.
Check out the links in the description for a free trial of Magoosh.
Thanks for watching and i’ll catch you next time.
https://wn.com/Cellular_Respiration_Overview_|_Glycolysis,_Krebs_Cycle_Electron_Transport_Chain
💯 Score high with test prep from Magoosh - Effective and affordable!
🔥 SAT Prep: https://bit.ly/2KpOxL7
✨ SAT Free Trial: https://bit.ly/3oOXDQK
🔥 ACT Prep: https://bit.ly/2IQFUIU
✨ACT Free Trial: https://bit.ly/3bCks6C
🔥 GRE Prep: https://bit.ly/360CFr1
✨ GRE Free Trial: https://bit.ly/39PExUD
🔥 MCAT Prep: https://bit.ly/2LWZm7W
✨MCAT Free Trial: https://bit.ly/2LUekvu
Please note: This description contains affiliate links, which means that if you make a purchase product links, I’ll receive a small commission. This helps support the channel and allows me to continue to make videos like this. Thank you for your support!
---CELLULAR RESPIRATION STEP VIDS---
Glycolysis: (in production)
Krebs (Citric Acid) Cycle: (in production)
Electron Transport Chain: (in production)
---RECOMMENDED STUDY GUIDES---
Genetics: https://amzn.to/2BzK1S2
Biology I: https://amzn.to/2SasaIl
Biology II: https://amzn.to/2EKKGEv
Biology terminology: https://amzn.to/2BBHuXo
---VIDEOS AND PLAYLISTS---
Test tips and tricks: https://bit.ly/2VAnjTb
Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Cells: https://bit.ly/2QDqkOY
Plant cell vs Animal cell: https://bit.ly/2M10y6j
Smooth ER: https://bit.ly/2FpvYD4
Images adapted from Wikipedia and OpenStax Biology
---TRANSCRIPT---
Thanks for stopping by, this is 2 Minute Classroom and today we are doing an overview of cellular respiration. This will be a good introduction to the topic or a good refresher before a test or homework assignment.
Cellular respiration is the process by which your cells break down macromolecules (like glucose) to produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell.
There are three main steps in cellular respiration. Glycolysis, the Krebs (or citric acid) Cycle, and the electron transport chain (also known as oxidative phosphorylation)
We’ll cover each of these steps briefly in this video and focus on the total ATP produced from a single glucose molecule going through each step. You can find links to a more detailed video of each step in the description below once they are produced.
The first step, Glycolysis, is a series of reactions that take place in the cytosol.
Glucose is a high energy molecule and glycolysis starts the process of extracting that energy from the glucose molecule.
Glycolysis requires the input of a glucose and two ATP molecules and puts out four ATP, two NADH molecules and two pyruvate molecules.
So the net ATP production of glycolysis is two ATP.
The two NADH will come into play later.
The two pyruvates then undergo oxidation to produce two acetyl-COA molecules, also producing two more NADH.
These two acetyl-COAs go into the next step, the Krebs Cycle. The pyruvate oxidation and Krebs cycle both take place in the mitochondria.
Each Acetyl-COA goes through the Krebs cycle separately and produces three NADH, one FADH2, and one ATP (or GTP).
Since this happens twice our total production in the Krebs Cycle is six NADH, two FADH2, and two ATP.
As stated earlier, the NADH and FADH2 will be used in the final step of cellular respiration.
This brings us to our final step, oxidative phosphorylation and the electron transport chain or ETC, which also takes place in the mitochondria.
Without getting too complex, this step utilizes the NADH and FADH2 to create a concentration of hydrogen ions (an electrochemical gradient) on one side of a membrane. This sounds complicated but just think of it like a dam holding a high concentration of water on one side.
Our hydrogen ions are like the water.
Just as the water pressure of a dam can push a turbine to create energy, the high concentration of hydrogen ions powers a “pump” to create ATP. The pump in this case is a very efficient enzyme called ATP synthase.
For each NADH that goes into the ETC we get approximately 2.5 ATP out and for each FADH2 we get 1.5 ATP out.
Looking at our totals from a single glucose molecule we have:
10 NADH (2 from glycolysis, 2 from pyruvate oxidation and 6 from the kreb’s cycle)
Which yields approximately 25 ATP in the final step of oxidative phosphorylation.
We also have the 2 FADH2 from the krebs cycle which will produce 3 more ATP.
And finally we have 4 ATP molecules, two ATP from glycolysis and two ATP from the krebs cycle for a grand total of 32 ATP from a single glucose molecule.
It is very important to note that there is a theoretical yield of 38 ATP, but conditions in the cell put the actual yield between 30-32 ATP.
If you found this video helpful then you’ll love Magoosh test prep.
If you’re a student studying to take (or retake) the ACT or SAT and many other standardized tests then look no further than Magoosh. They provide affordable and effective test prep for every major standardized test. They make it easy to increase your score and truly care about your success.
Check out the links in the description for a free trial of Magoosh.
Thanks for watching and i’ll catch you next time.
- published: 15 Jan 2021
- views: 257008
9:18
Cellular Respiration: How Do Cells Get Energy?
Cellular respiration is the process through which the cell generates energy, in the form of ATP, using food and oxygen. The is a multistep biochemical process w...
Cellular respiration is the process through which the cell generates energy, in the form of ATP, using food and oxygen. The is a multistep biochemical process where food, primarily the carbohydrate glucose, is broken down to produce energy.
There are three steps in cellular respiration:
Glycolysis
The Krebs cycle
Electron Transport Chain and Oxidative phosphorylation
#science #animation #cellularrespiration
References:
https://www.macmillanlearning.com/college/ca/product/Lehninger-Principles-of-Biochemistry/p/1319228003
http://www.uwyo.edu/bio1000skh/lecture14.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7919/
https://utswmed-ir.tdl.org/bitstream/handle/2152.5/943/GordonAlexandra.pdf?sequence=3
https://serc.carleton.edu/sp/mnstep/activities/38025.html
https://www.amybrownscience.com/2012/01/cellular-respiration-powerpoint.html
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https://wn.com/Cellular_Respiration_How_Do_Cells_Get_Energy
Cellular respiration is the process through which the cell generates energy, in the form of ATP, using food and oxygen. The is a multistep biochemical process where food, primarily the carbohydrate glucose, is broken down to produce energy.
There are three steps in cellular respiration:
Glycolysis
The Krebs cycle
Electron Transport Chain and Oxidative phosphorylation
#science #animation #cellularrespiration
References:
https://www.macmillanlearning.com/college/ca/product/Lehninger-Principles-of-Biochemistry/p/1319228003
http://www.uwyo.edu/bio1000skh/lecture14.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7919/
https://utswmed-ir.tdl.org/bitstream/handle/2152.5/943/GordonAlexandra.pdf?sequence=3
https://serc.carleton.edu/sp/mnstep/activities/38025.html
https://www.amybrownscience.com/2012/01/cellular-respiration-powerpoint.html
If you wish to buy/license this video, please write to us at
[email protected].
Voice Over Artist: John Staughton ( https://www.fiverr.com/jswildwood )
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- published: 03 Dec 2021
- views: 334221
8:12
Cellular Respiration Part 1: Glycolysis
You need energy to do literally anything, even just lay still and think. Where does this energy come from? Well, food, right? But how? This is one of the most m...
You need energy to do literally anything, even just lay still and think. Where does this energy come from? Well, food, right? But how? This is one of the most miraculous biological processes, and it happens in our bodies every moment of every day. It's quite complicated, so let's check it out in three sections. First up, glycolysis!
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https://wn.com/Cellular_Respiration_Part_1_Glycolysis
You need energy to do literally anything, even just lay still and think. Where does this energy come from? Well, food, right? But how? This is one of the most miraculous biological processes, and it happens in our bodies every moment of every day. It's quite complicated, so let's check it out in three sections. First up, glycolysis!
Watch the whole Biochemistry playlist: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveBiochem
General Chemistry Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveGenChem
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Bookshop: https://bit.ly/39cKADM
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Book Depository: http://bit.ly/3aOVDlT
- published: 14 Sep 2016
- views: 679119
37:30
COA - Sea Urchin Character (2002) [Full Album]
COA is a 2 piece band from Himeji, in the Kansai region of Japan. Their name means "scary"/"afraid" in English. They consisted of Eddie Corman on lead vocals an...
COA is a 2 piece band from Himeji, in the Kansai region of Japan. Their name means "scary"/"afraid" in English. They consisted of Eddie Corman on lead vocals and bass, and Bill on drums and backup vocals.
This is the band's latest studio release, recorded in 2001 and released in 2002 on the GYUNNE CASSETTE sublabel ZASSHOKU. The album features some of the longest compositions by the band, including the almost 15-minute "Dead Generation" and the 3-part suite "Cell Division".
0:00 Teorema (intro)
2:52 Dead Generation
16:42 Cell Division I
25:31 Cell Division II
29:21 Cell Division III
33:50 Teorema
I never have nor will monetize these videos. If advertisements are playing on them, most likely the song(s) have been content matched by YouTube and the artist(s) is/are making all of the profit on this upload.
https://wn.com/Coa_Sea_Urchin_Character_(2002)_Full_Album
COA is a 2 piece band from Himeji, in the Kansai region of Japan. Their name means "scary"/"afraid" in English. They consisted of Eddie Corman on lead vocals and bass, and Bill on drums and backup vocals.
This is the band's latest studio release, recorded in 2001 and released in 2002 on the GYUNNE CASSETTE sublabel ZASSHOKU. The album features some of the longest compositions by the band, including the almost 15-minute "Dead Generation" and the 3-part suite "Cell Division".
0:00 Teorema (intro)
2:52 Dead Generation
16:42 Cell Division I
25:31 Cell Division II
29:21 Cell Division III
33:50 Teorema
I never have nor will monetize these videos. If advertisements are playing on them, most likely the song(s) have been content matched by YouTube and the artist(s) is/are making all of the profit on this upload.
- published: 15 Mar 2023
- views: 238
32:16
Metabolism | The Krebs Cycle
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In this lecture Professor Zach Murphy will present on the starting reactant of the Krebs cycle,...
Official Ninja Nerd Website: https://ninjanerd.org
Ninja Nerds!
In this lecture Professor Zach Murphy will present on the starting reactant of the Krebs cycle, as well as each individual intermediate. We also go into detail on the various enzymes and how they regulate this process. Additionally, we discuss various pathologies that can affect enzymes along this pathway. We hope you enjoy this lecture and be sure to support us below!
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#ninjanerd #KrebsCycle #Metabolism
https://wn.com/Metabolism_|_The_Krebs_Cycle
Official Ninja Nerd Website: https://ninjanerd.org
Ninja Nerds!
In this lecture Professor Zach Murphy will present on the starting reactant of the Krebs cycle, as well as each individual intermediate. We also go into detail on the various enzymes and how they regulate this process. Additionally, we discuss various pathologies that can affect enzymes along this pathway. We hope you enjoy this lecture and be sure to support us below!
Join this channel to get access to perks:
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#ninjanerd #KrebsCycle #Metabolism
- published: 05 Jun 2017
- views: 1251456
4:53
Cellular Respiration Part 2: The Citric Acid Cycle
Sequels usually suck, but this one is really good. Nature figured out a way to improve on glycolysis by stumbling upon the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosp...
Sequels usually suck, but this one is really good. Nature figured out a way to improve on glycolysis by stumbling upon the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, so let's look at the first of those two in this clip.
Watch the whole Biochemistry playlist: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveBiochem
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Check out "Is This Wi-Fi Organic?", my book on disarming pseudoscience!
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https://wn.com/Cellular_Respiration_Part_2_The_Citric_Acid_Cycle
Sequels usually suck, but this one is really good. Nature figured out a way to improve on glycolysis by stumbling upon the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, so let's look at the first of those two in this clip.
Watch the whole Biochemistry playlist: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveBiochem
General Chemistry Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveGenChem
Organic Chemistry Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveOrgChem
Biology Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveBio
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Mathematics Tutorials: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveMaths
EMAIL►
[email protected]
PATREON► http://patreon.com/ProfessorDaveExplains
Check out "Is This Wi-Fi Organic?", my book on disarming pseudoscience!
Amazon: https://amzn.to/2HtNpVH
Bookshop: https://bit.ly/39cKADM
Barnes and Noble: https://bit.ly/3pUjmrn
Book Depository: http://bit.ly/3aOVDlT
- published: 15 Sep 2016
- views: 402613
3:15
The Krebs Cycle Explained (Aerobic Respiration)
In this third video of our series on aerobic respiration, we will learn about the Krebs cycle (also known as the citric acid cycle). This is a critical stage ...
In this third video of our series on aerobic respiration, we will learn about the Krebs cycle (also known as the citric acid cycle). This is a critical stage in aerobic respiration that completes the oxidation and breakdown of what is left of sugar, making many electron carriers as well as carbon dioxide and a bit of ATP. This goes along with the Respiration Interactive activity at BioMan Biology, so you might want to start there: https://biomanbio.com/HTML5GamesandLabs/PhotoRespgames/respiration-interactive-page.html
Credits: music from https://www.bensound.com/
https://wn.com/The_Krebs_Cycle_Explained_(Aerobic_Respiration)
In this third video of our series on aerobic respiration, we will learn about the Krebs cycle (also known as the citric acid cycle). This is a critical stage in aerobic respiration that completes the oxidation and breakdown of what is left of sugar, making many electron carriers as well as carbon dioxide and a bit of ATP. This goes along with the Respiration Interactive activity at BioMan Biology, so you might want to start there: https://biomanbio.com/HTML5GamesandLabs/PhotoRespgames/respiration-interactive-page.html
Credits: music from https://www.bensound.com/
- published: 17 Feb 2021
- views: 354551
6:55
Krebs Cylcle Trick How to remember krebs cycle FOREVER!!
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KREBS CYCLE (called after Hans Krebs) is a part of cellular respiration. Its other names are the citric acid cycle, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle).
It is the series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy. It is important to many biochemical pathways. This suggests that it was one of the earliest parts of cellular metabolism to evolve.
The Krebs cycle comes after the link reaction and provides the hydrogen and electrons needed for the electron transport chain. It takes place inside mitochondria.
The TCA cycle plays a central role in the breakdown, or catabolism, of organic fuel molecules—i.e., glucose and some other sugars, fatty acids, and some amino acids. Before these rather large molecules can enter the TCA cycle they must be degraded into a two-carbon compound called acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA). Once fed into the TCA cycle, acetyl CoA is converted into carbon dioxide and energy.
The TCA cycle consists of eight steps catalyzed by eight different enzymes (see Figure). The cycle is initiated when acetyl CoA reacts with the compound oxaloacetate to form citrate and to release coenzyme A (CoA-SH). Then, in a succession of reactions, (2) citrate is rearranged to form isocitrate; isocitrate loses a molecule of carbon dioxide and then undergoes oxidation to form alpha-ketoglutarate; alpha-ketoglutarate loses a molecule of carbon dioxide and is oxidized to form succinyl CoA; succinyl CoA is enzymatically converted to succinate; succinate is oxidized to fumarate; fumarate is hydrated to produce malate; and, to end the cycle, malate is oxidized to oxaloacetate. Each complete turn of the cycle results in the regeneration of oxaloacetate and the formation of two molecules of carbon dioxide.
Energy is produced in a number of steps in this cycle of reactions. In step 5, one molecule of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the molecule that powers most cellular functions, is produced. Most of the energy obtained from the TCA cycle, however, is captured by the compounds nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and converted later to ATP. Energy transfers occur through the relay of electrons from one substance to another, a process carried out through the chemical reactions known as oxidation and reduction, or redox reactions. (Oxidation involves the loss of electrons from a substance and reduction the addition of electrons.) For each turn of the TCA cycle, three molecules of NAD+ are reduced to NADH and one molecule of FAD is reduced to FADH2. These molecules then transfer their energy to the electron transport chain, a pathway that is part of the third stage of cellular respiration. The electron transport chain in turn releases energy so that it can be converted to ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation.
The German-born British biochemist Sir Hans Adolf Krebs proposed this cycle, which he called the citric acid cycle, in 1937. For his work he received the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Although Krebs elucidated most of the reactions in this pathway, there were some gaps in his design. The discovery of coenzyme A in 1945 by Fritz Lipmann and Nathan Kaplan allowed researchers to work out the cycle of reactions as it is known today.
https://wn.com/Krebs_Cylcle_Trick_How_To_Remember_Krebs_Cycle_Forever
JOIN our channel for LECTURE HANDOUT & FLASHCARDS
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Help us Improve our content
Support us on Patreon : https://www.patreon.com/medsimplfied
KREBS CYCLE (called after Hans Krebs) is a part of cellular respiration. Its other names are the citric acid cycle, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle).
It is the series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy. It is important to many biochemical pathways. This suggests that it was one of the earliest parts of cellular metabolism to evolve.
The Krebs cycle comes after the link reaction and provides the hydrogen and electrons needed for the electron transport chain. It takes place inside mitochondria.
The TCA cycle plays a central role in the breakdown, or catabolism, of organic fuel molecules—i.e., glucose and some other sugars, fatty acids, and some amino acids. Before these rather large molecules can enter the TCA cycle they must be degraded into a two-carbon compound called acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA). Once fed into the TCA cycle, acetyl CoA is converted into carbon dioxide and energy.
The TCA cycle consists of eight steps catalyzed by eight different enzymes (see Figure). The cycle is initiated when acetyl CoA reacts with the compound oxaloacetate to form citrate and to release coenzyme A (CoA-SH). Then, in a succession of reactions, (2) citrate is rearranged to form isocitrate; isocitrate loses a molecule of carbon dioxide and then undergoes oxidation to form alpha-ketoglutarate; alpha-ketoglutarate loses a molecule of carbon dioxide and is oxidized to form succinyl CoA; succinyl CoA is enzymatically converted to succinate; succinate is oxidized to fumarate; fumarate is hydrated to produce malate; and, to end the cycle, malate is oxidized to oxaloacetate. Each complete turn of the cycle results in the regeneration of oxaloacetate and the formation of two molecules of carbon dioxide.
Energy is produced in a number of steps in this cycle of reactions. In step 5, one molecule of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the molecule that powers most cellular functions, is produced. Most of the energy obtained from the TCA cycle, however, is captured by the compounds nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and converted later to ATP. Energy transfers occur through the relay of electrons from one substance to another, a process carried out through the chemical reactions known as oxidation and reduction, or redox reactions. (Oxidation involves the loss of electrons from a substance and reduction the addition of electrons.) For each turn of the TCA cycle, three molecules of NAD+ are reduced to NADH and one molecule of FAD is reduced to FADH2. These molecules then transfer their energy to the electron transport chain, a pathway that is part of the third stage of cellular respiration. The electron transport chain in turn releases energy so that it can be converted to ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation.
The German-born British biochemist Sir Hans Adolf Krebs proposed this cycle, which he called the citric acid cycle, in 1937. For his work he received the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Although Krebs elucidated most of the reactions in this pathway, there were some gaps in his design. The discovery of coenzyme A in 1945 by Fritz Lipmann and Nathan Kaplan allowed researchers to work out the cycle of reactions as it is known today.
- published: 02 May 2018
- views: 1126063