Women's football in Brazil
| Women's soccer in Brazil | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Country | Brazil |
| Governing body | Confederação Brasileira de Futebol |
| National team(s) | Women's national team |
National competitions | |
International competitions | |
Women's football is not as popular in Brazil as men's football, although it has increased in popularity since the 2000s.[1][2][3][4][5]
History
[edit]Due to strong and continuing social stigma, Brazilian society only minimally supports women's football.[2][6][7][8] There is a sexist belief in the country that football is not a sport for women.[9] It was illegal for women to play football in Brazil from 1941 to 1979.[8] Until recently, the country lacked a national women's league, organizing only state competitions because there was limited financial interest and support for the women's game.[10] This absence of support was also in the form of low media coverage and sponsorships, further perpetuating the female football players' struggle for recognition in Brazil [11].The Copa do Brasil de Futebol Feminino was first played in 2007. In 2013, a nationwide league, the Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol Feminino Série A1, was officially started and became the country's premier women's domestic competition, helping to increase the quality of Brazilian women's football. Despite all issues, Brazilian clubs have won most editions of the Copa Libertadores Femenina (11).
Women's football in Brazil only recently became more popular. During the 20th century, women were discouraged from playing "masculine" sports such as football and told they should focus more on aesthetic sports such as gymnastics. During this time, women were expected to conform to social norms and play the role of caregivers. Supporting this, was the idea that playing football was dangerous for women, as it could harm their bodies, especially their reproductive organs [11]. As a result, the length of matches was reduced and smaller balls were use, solely for the women playing football [11]. Health experts in Brazil at the time even claimed that females playing these sports were at risk of becoming homosexual.[11] It was believed that the sport encouraged acts that were not deemed as morally acceptable for women, such as changing out of jerseys and exchanging them on the field [11]. It was also suspected that allowing the women to undress in front of each other in changing rooms would encourage homosexual relationships among teammates [11]. At a very young age, young boys were taught to be strong while girls were taught how to become better mothers. Women were often bullied for playing football and forced to leave fields in order to make more time for men to play. Despite the social challenges, women still continued to play football as officials worried about the masculinization of the female body and how detrimental that would be to their society. These fears sparked President Getúlio Vargas to organize a national sports council to establish sports guidelines. The council proceeded to ban women from playing any aggressive sports such as football due to health precautions.[11] Many female players resisted this ban; Primavera FC continued to play up until they ran out of funding and resources. This law was not strictly upheld as some women continued to play. In the 1970's women's football was gaining popularity across the world; this inspired several feminist protests in Brazil. Eventually the ban on women's football in Brazil was finally lifted in 1983 influenced by the Union of European Football Associations.
The best players, such as Marta and Cristiane, were accidentally discovered and directly invited to play in the Brazil national team.[12] In recent years, the national team contested World Cup finals and Olympics gold medals, increasing the popularity of TV broadcasts for those tournaments. However, this was not sufficient to stimulate the footballing culture among women who prefer to support men's football over women's.[13] Brazil has developed a major rivalry with the United States women's national soccer team.
In 2014 FIFA World Cup held in their nation, Brazilian men's team had made a serious disappointment after only gaining fourth place. This created a huge support for the women's team with hopes that they could gain the title in the women's tournament of 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup, although Brazil failed to advance from the round of 16.
From 2020, Brazilian female footballers will receive equal pay, a major step in the development of women's football in the nation.[14]
Current system
[edit]Domestic cups
[edit]- Copa do Brasil (discontinued)
- Supercopa do Brasil de Futebol Feminino
State championships
[edit]State cups
[edit]- Copa Paulista de Futebol Feminino
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Brazilian women fight prejudice through soccer". Mail & Guardian. Retrieved 2012-07-30.
- ^ a b "Brazil's 'female warriors' fight for football - Features - Al Jazeera English". aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2014-07-12.
- ^ "World Cup 2014: Why Brazil is no country for female football players | From the Observer | Observer.co.uk". theguardian.com. 5 June 2014. Retrieved 2014-07-12.
- ^ Kowsmann, Patricia (18 June 2014). "In Brazil, Girls Are Still Left on the Sidelines in Soccer - WSJ". Wall Street Journal. online.wsj.com. Retrieved 2014-07-12.
- ^ "Far Post: In Brazil, Fighting for the Women's Game - Soccer - SI.com". si.com. Retrieved 2014-07-12.
- ^ "Brazil's soccer soul: A love too deep to bear? - CNN.com". edition.cnn.com. Retrieved 2014-07-12.
- ^ Jo Griffin (17 February 2014). "The Brazilian women using football to escape the favelas | Life and style". The Guardian. Retrieved 2014-02-20.
- ^ a b "The Struggle for Female Soccer Equality in Brazil | Public Radio International". Pri.org. Retrieved 2014-02-20.
- ^ JERE LONGMANPublished: October 09, 2003 (2003-10-09). "SOCCER: Soccer Analysis; Disparities in Women's Game - New York Times". The New York Times. Retrieved 2012-10-31.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Soccer: Brazil to set up women's soccer league". Mathaba News Agency. Retrieved 2012-07-30.
- ^ a b c d e f g Elsey, Nadel (2019). Futbolera A History of Women and Sports in Latin America. ISBN 9781477318591.
- ^ "Marta - the 'female Pele' seeking a fair deal for women's soccer - CNN.com". Edition.cnn.com. Retrieved 2014-02-20.
- ^ "The Brazilian Women Demand More Support". The New York Times. Retrieved 2012-07-30.
- ^ "Brazil women footballers to receive equal pay".
