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Review
. 2024 Jan;18(1):102940.
doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2024.102940. Epub 2024 Jan 3.

The effects of pomegranate consumption on glycemic indices in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hossein Bahari  1 , Damoon Ashtary-Larky  2 , Kian Goudarzi  3 , Seyedeh Nooshan Mirmohammadali  4 , Omid Asbaghi  5 , Kosar Sadat Hosseini Kolbadi  6 , Moslem Naderian  7 , Ali Hosseini  8
Affiliations
Review

The effects of pomegranate consumption on glycemic indices in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hossein Bahari et al. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2024 Jan.

Abstract

Background and aim: Epidemiologic studies have shown that type 2 diabetes (T2D) is more prevalent worldwide; therefore, improving glycemic indices to prevent or control T2D is vital. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of pomegranate consumption on glycemic indices have shown inconsistent results. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the impact of pomegranate consumption on fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) in adults.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, up to May 2023 to identify eligible RCTs evaluating the effect of pomegranate consumption on glycemic indices. Heterogeneity tests of the included trials were performed using the I2 statistic. Random effects models were assessed based on the heterogeneity tests, and pooled data were determined as the weighted mean difference with a 95 % confidence interval.

Results: Of 1999 records, 32 eligible RCTs were included in the current study. Our meta-analysis of the pooled findings showed that pomegranate consumption significantly reduced FBG (WMD: -2.22 mg/dL; 95 % CI: -3.95 to -0.50; p = 0.012), fasting insulin (WMD: -1.06 μU/ml; 95%CI: -1.79 to -0.33; p = 0.004), HbA1c (WMD: -0.22 %; 95% CI: -0.43 to -0.01; p = 0.037), and HOMA-IR (WMD: -0.30; 95%CI: -0.61 to -0.00; p = 0.046).

Conclusion: Overall, the results demonstrated that pomegranate consumption benefits glycemic indices in adults. However, further research with long-term interventions is required.

Prospero registration code: CRD42023422780.

Keywords: Fasting blood glucose; Meta-analysis; Pomegranate; Systematic review; Type 2 diabetes.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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