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. 2019 Aug 25;11(9):2004.
doi: 10.3390/nu11092004.

Trends in Intake of Energy and Total Sugar from Sugar-Sweetened Beverages in the United States among Children and Adults, NHANES 2003-2016

Bernadette P Marriott  1   2 , Kelly J Hunt  3 , Angela M Malek  3 , Jill C Newman  4
Affiliations

Trends in Intake of Energy and Total Sugar from Sugar-Sweetened Beverages in the United States among Children and Adults, NHANES 2003-2016

Bernadette P Marriott et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) increases total caloric intake, is linked to cardiometabolic outcomes as well as dental caries, and sugar in SSBs is associated with mortality and frailty among adults. We describe energy and total sugar intake trends among the United States (US) population from SSBs, soft drinks, other beverage groups, and the total diet based on the first 24-h recall data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles (2003-2004 through 2015-2016). SSBs included soft drinks, sports drinks, energy drinks, and fruit drinks, but excluded sports beverages with protein and sweetened teas/coffees. Among the total population (age ≥2 years: 57,026), energy intake from SSBs declined significantly from 183.9 ± 6.9 mean kcal/d (±SE) in 2003-2004 to 95.0 ± 3.5 in 2015-2016, while total sugar intake declined from 43.6 ± 1.7 mean g/d to 22.3 ± 0.8 (p-trend < 0.0001). Decreases were found for energy and total sugar intake, as well as percentage of energy and total sugar intake from SSBs, soft drinks, and all beverages for all age groups examined (≥2, 2-19, ≥20 years) (p-trend < 0.0001). From 2003 to 2016, energy and sugar intake from all beverages, SSBs, soft drinks, and the total diet decreased among the total population, children, and adults.

Keywords: NHANES; SSBs; adults; children; energy; total sugar; trends.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors K.J.H., A.M.M., J.C.N., and B.P.M. state that they have no financial or other conflicts of interest. The opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the position or policy of ABA.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Trends in energy intake from (a) sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs); (b) soft drinks; (c) all beverages; and (d) total diet in the US by age group.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Trends in total sugar intake (g) from (a) SSBs; (b) soft drinks; (c) all beverages; and (d) the total diet in the US by age group.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Percentage of the US population by age group (a) ≥2 yr; (b) 2–19 yr; and (c) ≥20 yr and tiers of SSB consumption over time.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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