%PDF-1.4 %âãÏÓ 38 0 obj <> endobj 48 0 obj <> endobj 50 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 44.163 0 0 49.07 36.0044 609.8456 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg 0 Tc 0 Tw (W)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 79.0047 636.2455 Tm -.0089 Tc -.0273 Tw (elcome to the 2024 spring newsletter. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 240.7181 636.2455 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg -.0292 Tw (Our AGM)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0071 636.2455 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 79.0047 623.0455 Tm -.0262 Tw (will be held on Saturday March 9, 2024 at)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 623.0455 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 79.0047 609.8456 Tm -.0026 Tc -.0355 Tw (the First Unitarian Church of Hamilton at)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0071 609.8456 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 596.6456 Tm .01 Tc .2676 Tw (170 Dundurn Street South in Hamilton.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 253.1709 596.6456 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .2537 Tw [( It is a)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 596.6456 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 583.4457 Tm .041 Tw (wonderful facility at a cost that we can afford. Something)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 583.4457 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 570.2457 Tm .01 Tc .3349 Tw (new this year, )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 110.2626 570.2457 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .353 Tw (lunch will be provided with the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 570.2457 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 557.0457 Tm .01 Tc 1.5755 Tw (conference registration fee. Conference)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 557.0457 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 543.8458 Tm .01 Tc .1925 Tw (registration, lunch, coffee and donuts will cost)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 543.8458 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 530.6458 Tm .01 Tc ($20)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 55.7872 530.6458 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .1652 Tw (. This will be charged to everyone. We have three)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 530.6458 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 517.4457 Tm -.029 Tw (speakers, Bob Bell will talk about his experience with lyme)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 517.4457 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 504.2459 Tm .01 Tc .1587 Tw (disease, Helen Toner on a Great Horned Owl study in)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 504.2459 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 491.0458 Tm -.0054 Tw (Saskatchewan and Amy Chabot will discuss her work with)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 491.0458 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 477.8459 Tm .0037 Tc .0566 Tw (Loggerhead Shrikes. The bucket raffle will be held at the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0071 477.8459 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 464.646 Tm -.0225 Tw (end of the day. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 101.7218 464.646 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg -.0236 Tw (Bring your bucket raffle items to the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 464.646 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 451.446 Tm .0372 Tw (Registration Table.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 136.2912 451.446 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .0353 Tw [( Bluebird hats will be on)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 243.7793 451.446 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 438.246 Tm .0023 Tw (sale at $10 each. We have had a warm winter so)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 243.7791 438.246 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 425.0461 Tm .0176 Tw (far. January 2024 was 3 degrees above the long)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 243.7793 425.0461 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 411.846 Tm .01 Tc .1621 Tw (term average. We had one week of very cold)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 243.7789 411.846 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 398.6461 Tm .01 Tc .2445 Tw (weather starting on January 13. The rest of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 243.779 398.6461 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 385.4462 Tm .0065 Tc .0538 Tw (January was mild. February is starting out the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 243.7783 385.4462 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 372.2461 Tm .0022 Tw (same way, )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 83.4253 372.2461 Tm (very mild and as of writing looks like)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 243.779 372.2461 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 359.0462 Tm .01 Tc .2314 Tw (it will be one of the warmest February’s on)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 243.779 359.0462 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 345.8463 Tm .0066 Tc .0537 Tw (record. This should produce very high Eastern)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 243.7788 345.8463 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 332.6462 Tm .01 Tc .2104 Tw (Bluebird over wintering success. Expect to see lots of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 332.6462 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 319.4464 Tm (returning bluebirds in March and April. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 211.8115 319.4464 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 302.6464 Tm .01 Tc .1008 Tw (Still a long way to go before bluebirds start nesting.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0054 302.6464 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 289.4464 Tm -.0078 Tc -.0284 Tw (Sometimes we pay for this mild weather with below normal)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 289.4464 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 276.2465 Tm .01 Tc .1337 Tw (temperatures in March, April and May. Remember the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 276.2465 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 263.0465 Tm .01 Tc .1371 Tw (April ice storm of 2003. A blanket of 6-7 inches of ice)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 263.0465 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 249.8465 Tm -.0067 Tc -.0295 Tw (covered the ground from April 1 to April 8 making it almost)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0044 249.8465 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 236.6464 Tm .0091 Tw (impossible for bluebirds to pick insects off the ground. By)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 236.6464 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 223.4464 Tm -.0014 Tc -.0348 Tw (that time most of the edible berries had been eaten and the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0039 223.4464 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 210.2465 Tm -.0101 Tw (ones that were left were covered with ice. Don Wills found)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 210.2465 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 197.0465 Tm .01 Tc .178 Tw (12 dead bluebirds in his boxes near Carluke after this)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0054 197.0465 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 183.8466 Tm (weather event. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 102.2976 183.8466 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 167.0467 Tm -.0255 Tw (In 2007 during the early part of April we experienced 2)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.006 167.0467 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 153.8466 Tm .0054 Tc .0549 Tw (weeks of below normal temperatures that lasted to April)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0069 153.8466 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 140.6467 Tm .01 Tc .1738 Tw (19th. This resulted in high Tree Swallow and bluebird)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 140.6467 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 127.4467 Tm .01 Tc .0677 Tw (mortality. On my trail \(Bill Read\) I found 15 dead adult)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 127.4467 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 114.2468 Tm .01 Tc .1031 Tw (Tree Swallows. \(6 in one box\). Don Wills found 4 dead)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 114.2468 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 101.0468 Tm -.005 Tc -.0312 Tw (adult bluebirds in his boxes near Caledonia and many dead)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 101.0468 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 87.8469 Tm (Tree Swallows. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 103.6222 87.8469 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 71.0468 Tm -.0066 Tc -.0296 Tw (In New York as a result of this same weather event John)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0067 71.0468 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 57.8469 Tm -.0301 Tw (Rogers found 14 dead adult bluebirds in his nest boxes. All)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 57.8469 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 44.6469 Tm .01 Tc .3051 Tw (were emaciated. He also found 227 dead adult Tree)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 44.6469 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 636.2455 Tm .01 Tc .1605 Tw (Swallows on his trail at the Iroquois National Wildlife)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 636.2455 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 623.0455 Tm .0447 Tw (refuge. Barry Parker from Henderson New York reported)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 623.0455 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 609.8456 Tm .0065 Tc .0538 Tw (finding 51 dead adult Tree Swallows in one box. He sent)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0087 609.8456 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 596.6456 Tm (me the picture. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 392.3154 596.6456 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 338.4064 579.8457 Tm .0306 Tw (A cold weather event from 19-22 of June, 1992 caused)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 579.8457 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 566.6456 Tm -.0009 Tc -.0353 Tw (60-70 % Tree Swallow nestling mortality at the Mud Creek)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0092 566.6456 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 553.4457 Tm .0015 Tc .0588 Tw (and Sewage Lagoon Tree Swallow grids near Long Point,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 553.4457 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 540.2457 Tm .01 Tc .0737 Tw (Ontario. The Tree Swallow grid at the tip of Long Point)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0073 540.2457 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 527.0458 Tm .0214 Tw (suffered very little nestling mortality. Insect hatches were)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 527.0458 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 513.8458 Tm .01 Tc .1515 Tw (somewhat better there and it is a later developing site)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 513.8458 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 500.6459 Tm -.0024 Tc -.0338 Tw [(because of the lake effect. On my own trail near Cambridge)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 500.6459 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 487.4459 Tm -.0058 Tc -.0304 Tw (\(Bill Read\) I recorded 189 dead Tree Swallow young during)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0068 487.4459 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 474.2459 Tm .01 Tc .2825 Tw (this weather event which represented 28.5% nestling)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 474.2459 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 461.046 Tm -.0351 Tw (mortality. 189/662)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 406.3922 461.046 Tm 0 Tw (–)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 412.7585 461.046 Tm -.0351 Tw (28.5% David Hussell said mortality of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 461.046 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 368.2331 447.8459 Tm .01 Tc .5588 Tw (nestlings on this scale has not occurred)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 447.8459 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 368.2331 434.646 Tm .01 Tc .1054 Tw (previously in 15 years of study at Long Point.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 434.646 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 368.2331 421.446 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg -.0057 Tc -.0324 Tw (Weather has always been the number one)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0082 421.446 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 368.2331 408.2461 Tm .01 Tc .6992 Tw (factor affecting over wintering and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 408.2461 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 368.2331 395.0461 Tm .01 Tc .8236 Tw (breeding success for both Eastern)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 395.0461 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 368.2331 381.8462 Tm .01 Tc .1265 Tw (Bluebirds and Tree Swallows.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 525.632 381.8462 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .1197 Tw [( Let’s hope)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 381.8462 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 368.2331 368.6462 Tm .0071 Tc .0532 Tw (none of these weather events happen this year)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0068 368.6462 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 368.2331 355.4462 Tm (2024.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 393.6308 355.4462 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 338.4064 338.6462 Tm .01 Tc .3085 Tw [( Extreme weather events can also happen during)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 338.6462 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 325.4463 Tm .01 Tc .0598 Tw (migration, such an event happened in the Texas Kansas)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 325.4463 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 312.2462 Tm -.0171 Tw (area in February 2021. The central population of Canada’s)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 312.2462 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 299.0464 Tm .01 Tc .1342 Tw (Eastern Bluebirds \(Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Rainy)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 299.0464 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 285.8463 Tm .0128 Tw (River-Ontario\) migrate to this area to spend the winter. A)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 285.8463 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 272.6464 Tm -.0062 Tw (polar vortex set in at the beginning of February and lasted)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 272.6464 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 259.4464 Tm .01 Tc .1075 Tw (till around the 20th with some very cold temperatures.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0073 259.4464 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 246.2465 Tm .0337 Tw (These below average temperatures extended well into the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 246.2465 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 233.0465 Tm -.0014 Tc -.0348 Tw (lower U. S with a lot of rain, snow and ice. On February the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0084 233.0465 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 219.8466 Tm .01 Tc .1085 Tw (16th all of the state of Texas was under a winter storm)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 219.8466 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 206.6465 Tm .0512 Tw (warning. Almost four million people in the state of Texas)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 206.6465 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 193.4467 Tm .01 Tc .3277 Tw (were without power. In Kansas with the wind chill,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 193.4467 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 180.2465 Tm .0096 Tc .0507 Tw (temperatures dropped to as low as -34)Tj /TT7 1 Tf 17.5622 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw (û)Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5096 0 TD .0096 Tc .0507 Tw [( Celsius in some)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0067 180.2465 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 167.0467 Tm -.0005 Tc -.0357 Tw (areas. Many adult bluebirds that over wintered in this area)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0093 167.0467 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 153.8466 Tm .0428 Tw (died during this polar vortex event . This was reflected in)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 153.8466 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 140.6467 Tm .01 Tc .082 Tw (very low numbers of breeding bluebirds in Manitoba in)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 140.6467 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 127.4467 Tm -.0038 Tc -.0324 Tw (2021. Some areas saw an 80 % drop in returning pairs. The)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0063 127.4467 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 114.2468 Tm -.0033 Tc -.0329 Tw (eastern population of Canada’s Eastern Bluebirds were not)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 114.2468 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 101.0468 Tm (affected by this weather event. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 458.8358 101.0468 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 338.4064 84.2468 Tm .01 Tc .1383 Tw (There have been other extreme weather events that)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 84.2468 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 71.0468 Tm .01 Tc .5435 Tw (have decimated bluebird populations across North)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 71.0468 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 57.8469 Tm .01 Tc .2215 Tw (America in the past. One in 1894-95 was particularly)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 57.8469 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 44.6469 Tm .01 Tc .1353 Tw (devastating. On January 26,1895 a cold front from the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 44.6469 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC .316 .416 .691 rg /GS1 gs 34.521 24.423 541.479 4.652 re f EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 23.4 0 0 26 164.3712 721.335 Tm (Ontario Eastern Bluebird Society)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 26 0 0 26 562.5489 721.335 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 26 0 0 26 569.1504 721.335 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 18 0 0 18 169.1993 696.1858 Tm (2024 Spring Newsletter ~ Editor Bill Read )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 18 0 0 18 562.299 696.1858 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /Link <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 265.6349 677.6113 Tm ([email protected])Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 1 g 253.774 354.25 104.452 95.5 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 253.774 449.75 104.452 -95.5 re W* n 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs q 105.596 0 0 96.296 253.402 353.805 cm /Im1 Do Q EMC /Artifact <>BDC Q q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n .316 .416 .691 rg /GS1 gs 36 751.348 540 4.652 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 36 655.849 540 4.652 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 155.117 704.865 m 155.117 671.578 128.102 644.563 94.815 644.563 c 61.528 644.563 34.513 671.578 34.513 704.865 c 34.513 738.152 61.528 765.167 94.815 765.167 c 128.102 765.167 155.117 738.152 155.117 704.865 c W* n 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs q 123.333 0 0 119.894 34.487 644.311 cm /Im2 Do Q EMC Q endstream endobj 51 0 obj <>/XObject<>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 83 0 obj <>stream /Artifact <>BDC q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n .316 .416 .691 rg /GS1 gs 34.521 24.423 540 4.652 re f EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 747.6802 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg -.0017 Tc -.0345 Tw (north west reached well into the southern United States. It)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.4006 747.6802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 289.4306 747.6802 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 734.4802 Tm -.0005 Tc -.0357 Tw (brought with it rain, snow and high winds. Everything was)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.4011 734.4802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 721.2802 Tm -.0193 Tw (ice bound or snow bound all the way to the gulf of Mexico.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.4001 721.2802 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 708.0803 Tm -.0019 Tc -.0343 Tw (This was followed by weeks of unusual severity. By the end)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3997 708.0803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 694.8802 Tm -.0192 Tw (of the severe weather in April, it is said, that few bluebirds)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3999 694.8802 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 681.6802 Tm .0237 Tw (or robins could be found. Few bluebirds returned to their)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.4001 681.6802 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 668.4803 Tm -.0267 Tw (breeding grounds in the north and in many localities none)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.4001 668.4803 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 655.2804 Tm -.0015 Tc -.0347 Tw (were reported in the spring of 1895. It was five or ten years)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3998 655.2804 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 642.0803 Tm -.0003 Tc -.0359 Tw (later before they seemed to reach normal numbers. \()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 262.0182 642.0803 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg 0 Tw (from)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3987 642.0803 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 628.8805 Tm .0333 Tw (Bent page 253 - )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT6 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 117.4103 628.8805 Tm (Life Histories of North American)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3999 628.8805 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 615.6804 Tm (Thrushes, Kinglets and their Allies)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 214.7157 615.6804 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg (\). )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 223.4846 615.6804 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 15.3 0 0 17 36.2692 587.8805 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg (The State of Bluebirds )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 215.8426 587.8805 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 36.2692 570.8804 Tm (in Ontario )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 123.2581 570.8804 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 50.6695 555.0187 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .0095 Tc .0508 Tw (Eastern Bluebirds are one grassland species that has)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.4005 555.0187 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 541.8187 Tm .0076 Tc .0527 Tw (increased in Ontario since a low population point in the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3987 541.8187 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 528.6187 Tm .01 Tc .2604 Tw (late 1970s. The second breeding bird atlas showed a)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3995 528.6187 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 515.4188 Tm -.0089 Tc -.0273 Tw (significant increase of occupied squares from the first atlas.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3998 515.4188 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 502.2187 Tm .01 Tc .0637 Tw (The Eastern Bluebird population based on point counts)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3994 502.2187 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 489.0188 Tm -.0086 Tc -.0276 Tw (from the second atlas is estimated at 44,000. Between 1981)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.4011 489.0188 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 475.8189 Tm .0462 Tw (and 2005, breeding bird survey data indicated an annual)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.4001 475.8189 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 462.6189 Tm .0023 Tc .058 Tw (increase of 8% in Ontario. The third atlas should show a)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.4001 462.6189 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 449.4189 Tm (continued increase.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 121.478 449.4189 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 15.3 0 0 17 36.2692 421.6189 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg (Were Eastern Bluebirds)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 226.944 421.6189 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 36.2692 404.6189 Tm (Common Prior to European)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 256.8268 404.6189 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 36.2692 387.6189 Tm (Settlement in Ontario )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 213.153 387.6189 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 50.6695 371.7571 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .01 Tc .1787 Tw (The answer is probably no. Pre settlement Ontario)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3998 371.7571 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 358.5571 Tm -.001 Tc -.0352 Tw (below the Canadian Shield was covered mostly by a climax)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3997 358.5571 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 345.3571 Tm .01 Tc .2295 Tw (forest except for some prairie elements. Gowatty and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3997 345.3571 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 332.1572 Tm .01 Tc .0983 Tw (Plissner suggest \(1998\) that burned areas in the boreal)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3997 332.1572 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 318.9572 Tm .01 Tc .1315 Tw (forest may have been ancestral habitat for bluebirds. I)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3998 318.9572 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 305.7572 Tm .01 Tc .0999 Tw (would agree somewhat with that assessment and today)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3995 305.7572 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 292.5573 Tm .01 Tc .2577 Tw (bluebirds also occupy clear cuts in the boreal forest.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3997 292.5573 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 279.3573 Tm .0079 Tc .0524 Tw (Bluebirds were found in these habitats during atlases in)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.4011 279.3573 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 266.1573 Tm -.0254 Tw (the Maritimes and Quebec \(Erskine 1992; Cyr and Larivee)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.4001 266.1573 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 252.9572 Tm -.0044 Tw (1995\). The large numbers of bluebirds observed each year)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3998 252.9572 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 239.7573 Tm -.0304 Tw (at Thunder Cape in the fall give weight to that assessment.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3998 239.7573 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 226.5573 Tm .0011 Tc .0592 Tw (In the fall of 2001, 740 Eastern Bluebirds were observed)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.4006 226.5573 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 213.3574 Tm .01 Tc .1592 Tw (passing by Thunder Cape on their way to their winter)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3998 213.3574 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 200.1575 Tm -.0013 Tc -.0349 Tw (migration destination in the Texas and Kansas area. These)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3997 200.1575 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 186.9575 Tm .01 Tc .298 Tw (birds are migrating from breeding areas above Lake)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3995 186.9575 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 173.7576 Tm .027 Tw (Superior. Bluebirds are sighted at the Thunder Cape Bird)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.4001 173.7576 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 160.5576 Tm (Observatory each year in both spring and fall. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 237.3823 160.5576 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 50.6695 143.7576 Tm .01 Tc .0929 Tw (Prior to European settlement there were open areas)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3995 143.7576 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 130.5576 Tm .01 Tc .1245 Tw (created by native peoples that Eastern Bluebirds could)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3994 130.5576 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 117.3577 Tm .0587 Tw (have occupied. Fire was used by the Neutrals and Huron)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3998 117.3577 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 104.1577 Tm .0049 Tc .0554 Tw (to clear large swaths of land for farming crops like corn,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.4018 104.1577 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 90.9578 Tm .01 Tc .1132 Tw (beans and squash and to improve forest conditions for)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3995 90.9578 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 77.7578 Tm .0366 Tw (hunting. After a few years soil nutrients became depleted)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3999 77.7578 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 64.5577 Tm .055 Tw (and new areas had to be cleared creating new habitat for)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3998 64.5577 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.2692 51.3578 Tm .004 Tc .0563 Tw (bluebirds to occupy. Clearings in the forest were created)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.3987 51.3578 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 747.6802 Tm .01 Tc .2086 Tw (from the constant need for firewood to heat the long)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5306 747.6802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 734.4802 Tm .01 Tc .1456 Tw (houses. This would have also created more habitat for)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5306 734.4802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 721.2802 Tm (bluebirds. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 369.7775 721.2802 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 337.8004 704.4803 Tm .0091 Tc .0512 Tw [( It is also possible that Eastern Bluebirds nested like)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5323 704.4803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 691.2803 Tm .0238 Tw (other catharus thrushes within the boreal forest and then)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5311 691.2803 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 678.0803 Tm -.0277 Tw (made a transition to more open habitat as the forests were)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5309 678.0803 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 664.8804 Tm .0303 Tw (cleared by settlers and suitable cavities became available.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5308 664.8804 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 651.6804 Tm .0088 Tc .0515 Tw [(Some years ago Don Wills observed a bluebird pair that)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5313 651.6804 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 638.4803 Tm .007 Tc .0533 Tw [(nested in Backus Woods in a small forest opening. They)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5297 638.4803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 625.2805 Tm -.0008 Tc -.0354 Tw (were successful at raising young to about 14 days until met)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5293 625.2805 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 612.0804 Tm .01 Tc .3297 Tw (with a severe cold spell. Chimney Swifts made that)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5309 612.0804 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 598.8805 Tm -.0073 Tc -.0289 Tw (transition to Chimneys quite quickly and reached very high)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5309 598.8805 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 585.6805 Tm .01 Tc .3256 Tw (numbers in the early part of the twentieth century.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5307 585.6805 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 572.4806 Tm .0241 Tw (Settlement and land clearing in began in the 1780’s when)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5311 572.4806 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 559.2806 Tm .01 Tc .1448 Tw (5000 American loyalists entered Ontario under a land)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5307 559.2806 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 546.0806 Tm .01 Tc .2245 Tw (grant scheme. Each grant required a degree of forest)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5306 546.0806 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 532.8807 Tm .01 Tc .2603 Tw (clearing before it became permanent. The forest was)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5307 532.8807 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 519.6807 Tm .0292 Tw (viewed by early settlers as nothing more than an obstacle)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5309 519.6807 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 506.4808 Tm .01 Tc .0806 Tw (to settlement. Initial cutting by the French and English)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5307 506.4808 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 493.2808 Tm -.0043 Tw (focused on giant oaks for masts, spars and hulls. After the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5307 493.2808 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 480.0807 Tm -.006 Tc -.0302 Tw (war of 1812 settlers began arriving in greater numbers. The)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5323 480.0807 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 466.8809 Tm .0065 Tc .0538 Tw (systematic clearing of land for timber extraction did not)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5298 466.8809 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 453.6809 Tm -.0063 Tc -.0299 Tw (occur until the nineteen century. Most of Southern Ontario)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5309 453.6809 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 440.481 Tm .01 Tc .1838 Tw (was clear cut in the mid to 1800s and early 1900s to)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5307 440.481 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 427.281 Tm .01 Tc .2573 Tw (provide land for crops and homesteads. This created)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5307 427.281 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 414.081 Tm -.0073 Tw (optimum nesting habitat for bluebirds. Fence rows of tree)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5308 414.081 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 400.881 Tm .01 Tc .2794 Tw (trunks, cedar rail fences and wooden posts gave the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5306 400.881 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 387.6811 Tm .01 Tc .3013 Tw (Eastern Bluebirds plenty of viable nest cavities. The)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5307 387.6811 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 374.4811 Tm -.0088 Tc -.0274 Tw (bluebird became abundant during this period and up to the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5305 374.4811 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 361.281 Tm -.0043 Tc -.0319 Tw (beginning of the early 20th century. Factors that led to this)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5293 361.281 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 348.0812 Tm .0009 Tc .0594 Tw (increase – no House Sparrows or Starlings to usurp nest)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5321 348.0812 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 334.8811 Tm -.0018 Tc -.0344 Tw (cavities. Both were later introduced, the House Sparrow in)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5316 334.8811 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 321.6812 Tm .01 Tc .1896 Tw (1850 and the European Starling in 1890. Raccoons, a)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5307 321.6812 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 308.4813 Tm .0041 Tc .0562 Tw (frequent nest box predator were valued for their fur and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5303 308.4813 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 295.2812 Tm -.011 Tw (were strictly controlled by hunting. Present evaluations of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5309 295.2812 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 282.0814 Tm -.0012 Tw (bluebird declines in the 20th century were based on these)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5309 282.0814 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 268.8814 Tm .0049 Tc .0554 Tw (artificially inflated bluebird numbers during this period.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5328 268.8814 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 255.6814 Tm .01 Tc .2635 Tw (Bluebird numbers began to decline from these highs)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5307 255.6814 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 242.4814 Tm .01 Tc .0693 Tw (starting in the beginning of the 1900s. House Sparrows)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5307 242.4814 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 229.2815 Tm -.0039 Tc -.0323 Tw (peaked around 1910 taking cavities away from bluebirds in)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5313 229.2815 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 216.0814 Tm .01 Tc .3117 Tw (urban and rural areas, starlings did the same, their)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5306 216.0814 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 202.8814 Tm .01 Tc .195 Tw (numbers peaked in the early 1950s. Interestingly Red)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5306 202.8814 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 189.6815 Tm -.0105 Tw (headed Woodpeckers were also common at the same time)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5309 189.6815 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 176.4816 Tm .01 Tc .173 Tw (European Starling populations peaked. In 1954 James)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5308 176.4816 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 163.2816 Tm .01 Tc .2785 Tw (Baillie from the ROM put the starling population in)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5306 163.2816 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 150.0817 Tm .01 Tc .5126 Tw (Hamilton at 2 million. Many older members will)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5307 150.0817 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 136.8817 Tm .01 Tc .242 Tw (remember the shotgun shoots in cities across central)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5307 136.8817 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 123.6818 Tm .0373 Tw (Ontario. One shoot in Hamilton in 1954 had 122 gunners)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5311 123.6818 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 110.4818 Tm -.0076 Tw (with shotguns shooting the starlings out of the white elms)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5308 110.4818 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 97.2818 Tm -.004 Tw (that lined gore park in downtown Hamilton. They shot on)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5309 97.2818 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 84.0819 Tm .0059 Tc .0544 Tw (average 5000 starlings each shoot that did little good as)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5321 84.0819 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 70.8819 Tm .01 Tc .0718 Tw (other starlings soon moved in to fill the void. Changing)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5305 70.8819 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 57.6818 Tm -.0098 Tw (farming practices, steel fences replaced wooden posts and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5309 57.6818 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 323.4003 44.4818 Tm .01 Tc .1416 Tw (mixed farming was replaced with monoculture, mostly)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 574.5307 44.4818 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /F2 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 590.7367 24.4525 Tm (2)Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 84 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 111 0 obj <>stream /Artifact <>BDC q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n .316 .416 .691 rg /GS1 gs 35.236 24.423 540.764 4.652 re f EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 747.6802 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .01 Tc .069 Tw (corn, beans wheat and barley. Tighter controls on grain)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 747.6802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 734.4802 Tm .0081 Tw (storage and a decline in horses and thus less manure with)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 734.4802 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 721.2802 Tm .01 Tc .217 Tw (seeds led to a decline in House Sparrow populations.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 721.2802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 708.0803 Tm .0031 Tc .0572 Tw (Beginning in the fifties Eastern Bluebird weather related)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0054 708.0803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 694.8802 Tm -.0232 Tw (population declines were not followed by rebounds to pre-)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 681.6802 Tm -.0032 Tc -.033 Tw (weather related numbers. Bluebird declines continued and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0045 681.6802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 668.4803 Tm .01 Tc .0669 Tw (reached a low point in the late 1970’s after a number of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 668.4803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 655.2804 Tm .01 Tc .2488 Tw (particularly cold winters. There was concern that the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 655.2804 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 642.0803 Tm .01 Tc .1546 Tw (Eastern Bluebird may become an extirpated species in)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 642.0803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 628.8805 Tm -.0187 Tw (Southern Ontario. In 1981 Chris Risley was commissioned)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 628.8805 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 615.6804 Tm .01 Tc .1612 Tw (by the Ministry of Natural Resources to write a status)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 615.6804 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 602.4805 Tm .01 Tc .0742 Tw (report on the Eastern Bluebird. Based on his report the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 602.4805 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 589.2806 Tm -.0021 Tc -.0341 Tw (Committee on the Status of Endangered wildlife in Canada)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0064 589.2806 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 576.0806 Tm -.0116 Tw (\(COSEWIC\) awarded the Eastern Bluebird a status of rare)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 576.0806 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 562.8806 Tm -.0233 Tw (in Canada in 1981. The first Breeding Bird Atlas and a nest)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 562.8806 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 549.6807 Tm -.0025 Tc -.0337 Tw (box survey done by Read showed that bluebirds were more)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0042 549.6807 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 536.4807 Tm -.0072 Tc -.029 Tw [(common that previously known. Based on Read’s 1987 nest)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0071 536.4807 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 523.2808 Tm .01 Tc .3002 Tw (box report the Ontario Eastern Bluebird society was)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 523.2808 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 510.0807 Tm -.0007 Tc -.0355 Tw [(formed in 1988. The North American Bluebird Society was)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0052 510.0807 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 496.8808 Tm .008 Tc .0523 Tw (formed in 1978. Both organizations promoted the use of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 496.8808 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 483.6809 Tm -.001 Tc -.0352 Tw (predator proof nest boxes as a way to increase the bluebird)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0077 483.6809 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 470.4808 Tm -.0025 Tc -.0337 Tw (population. This and warmer weather as a result of climate)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0067 470.4808 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 457.2809 Tm .01 Tc .3924 Tw (change has resulted in an increase in the bluebird)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 457.2809 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 444.0809 Tm -.0034 Tc -.0328 Tw (population in Canada. Based on a Committee on the Status)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0067 444.0809 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 430.881 Tm .005 Tc .0553 Tw (of Endangered Wildlife in Canada \(COSEWIC\) report by)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0067 430.881 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 417.681 Tm .0023 Tc .058 Tw (Read and Alvo in 1996 it was assigned a status of Not At)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0064 417.681 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 404.4811 Tm .01 Tc .3341 Tw (Risk. At present the Eastern Bluebird population in)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 404.4811 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 391.281 Tm .01 Tc .1355 Tw (Ontario is stable with each year seeing more bluebirds)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 391.281 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 378.0811 Tm -.0045 Tc -.0317 Tw (overwinter. Prominent Hamilton birder George North who)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0039 378.0811 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 364.8812 Tm (died in 1983 never saw a winter bluebird. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 218.1006 364.8812 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 348.0812 Tm .01 Tc .2971 Tw (Canadian Atlas of Bird Banding Volume 1 Doves,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 348.0812 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 334.8811 Tm .01 Tc .0877 Tw (Cuckoos, and Hummingbirds through Passerines. 1921-)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 321.6812 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw (1995. Environment Canada. Canadian Wildlife Service. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 277.9451 321.6812 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 304.8813 Tm -.0008 Tc -.0354 Tw (Gowatty,P.A., and J.H. Plissner 1998. Eastern Bluebird)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0043 304.8813 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 291.6812 Tm .0067 Tc .0536 Tw (\(Sialia sialis\). In the Birds of North America, No 381 \(A.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0051 291.6812 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 278.4813 Tm .0296 Tw (Poole and F. Gill, Eds\). The Birds of North America. INC.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 278.4813 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 265.2813 Tm (Philadelphia. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 96.1924 265.2813 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 248.4814 Tm -.0062 Tc -.03 Tw (William F. Read Tree Swallow re-trap data unpublished)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0045 248.4814 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 235.2813 Tm (work. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 63.0554 235.2813 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 218.4814 Tm .01 Tc .2318 Tw (Erskine, A. J. 1992 Atlas of Breeding Birds of the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 218.4814 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 205.2815 Tm -.0084 Tw (Maritimes Provinces. Nimbus Publishing and Nova Scotia)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 205.2815 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 192.0814 Tm (Museum. \(Chelsea Green\) Halifax. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 189.1111 192.0814 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 175.2816 Tm .01 Tc .2018 Tw (Cyr. A. and J. Larivee. 1995 Atlas sasion -nier des)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 175.2816 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 162.0815 Tm .01 Tc .415 Tw (oiseaux du Quebec, Les Presses de L’Universite de)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 162.0815 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 148.8815 Tm -.0261 Tw (Sherbrooke et Societe de Losir Ornithologique de L’Estrie,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 148.8815 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 135.6815 Tm (Sherbrooke, PQ. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 110.0416 135.6815 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 118.8817 Tm .01 Tc .4835 Tw (Special thanks to John Woodcock and Rinchen)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 118.8817 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 105.6816 Tm .01 Tc .2483 Tw (Boardman for providing both spring and fall Eastern)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 105.6816 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 92.4818 Tm -.0071 Tc -.0291 Tw (Bluebird migration numbers recorded at the Thunder Cape)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0069 92.4818 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 747.6802 Tm .01 Tc .0728 Tw (Bird Observatory at the tip of Sleeping Giant Provincial)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 747.6802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 734.4802 Tm (Park. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 349.4476 734.4802 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 15.3 0 0 17 324.0063 706.6802 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg (Do Nest Box Grids Help Cavity)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 566.5427 706.6802 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 324.0063 689.6802 Tm (Nesting Birds Like the Tree)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 539.9022 689.6802 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 324.0063 672.6802 Tm (Swallow )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 397.1221 672.6802 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 338.4064 656.8182 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .01 Tc .3113 Tw (The answer. Only if well managed with complete)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 656.8182 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 643.6183 Tm -.0041 Tc -.0321 Tw (predator protection. Without this protection nest box grids)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0096 643.6183 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 630.4183 Tm .01 Tc .3944 Tw (can very easily slip into a sink population. A sink)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 630.4183 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 617.2184 Tm .0111 Tw (population does not produce enough young to maintain it)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 617.2184 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 604.0184 Tm .0018 Tc .0585 Tw (at the same level without immigration from other source)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.007 604.0184 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 590.8185 Tm .01 Tc (populations. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 387.0827 590.8185 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .5095 Tw (Banding at nest boxes )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 525.2017 590.8185 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .4835 Tw (The North)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 590.8185 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 577.6185 Tm .01 Tc .0829 Tw (American Banding council has developed a protocol for)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 577.6185 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 564.4186 Tm .0082 Tc .0521 Tw (banding at nest boxes. All boxes must be predator proof)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0083 564.4186 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 551.2186 Tm .0257 Tw (before banding. If you have a banding license you have to)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 551.2186 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 538.0187 Tm .01 Tc .0669 Tw (abide by these rules in order to maintain your permit. I)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 538.0187 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 524.8187 Tm -.0242 Tw (know of several trails where the number of birds each year)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 524.8187 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 511.6187 Tm .01 Tc .1537 Tw (declines because of inadequate monitoring and lack of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 511.6187 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 498.4188 Tm .01 Tc .4072 Tw (proper predator protection. In short these required)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 498.4188 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 485.2188 Tm .0208 Tw (protocols are not being followed while banding. To high a)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 485.2188 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 472.0188 Tm .0156 Tw (density of nest boxes can also lead to lower fledged young)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 472.0188 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 458.8189 Tm -.0006 Tc -.0356 Tw [(totals especially if there are not enough insects available to)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0068 458.8189 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 445.6188 Tm -.0173 Tw (feed all the nestlings. If fledged young totals are lower and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 445.6188 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 432.4189 Tm .0575 Tw (there is a higher proportion of dead young it maybe time)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 432.4189 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 419.2189 Tm .01 Tc .2816 Tw (to reduce the number of boxes. Tree Swallows don’t)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 419.2189 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 406.019 Tm -.0048 Tc -.0314 Tw (recognize the difference between fledging 1 young or 5 thus)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0072 406.019 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 392.819 Tm .01 Tc .306 Tw (they look at this as being successful and return the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 392.819 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 379.6191 Tm .0263 Tw (following year. Once you have set up a trail there is in my)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 379.6191 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 366.419 Tm .0451 Tw (opinion a moral obligation to maintain it properly. If you)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 366.419 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 353.2191 Tm .01 Tc .2429 Tw (can’t do that then take the boxes down. Animal care)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 353.2191 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 340.0192 Tm .006 Tc .0543 Tw (committees need to look at what should be done when a)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 340.0192 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 326.8192 Tm -.0317 Tw (group of nest boxes is no longer needed for scientific study)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 326.8192 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 313.6192 Tm -.0213 Tw (and falls into disrepair. You have used these birds for your)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 313.6192 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 300.4193 Tm .0363 Tw (study-now what. Should it be left to deteriorate, all boxes)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 300.4193 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 287.2193 Tm -.0012 Tw (removed or some provision made to continue monitoring.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 287.2193 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 274.0193 Tm .01 Tc .2504 Tw (Unmonitored nest boxes have very poor reproductive)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 274.0193 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 260.8192 Tm .01 Tc .9488 Tw (success. The Ontario Eastern Bluebird Society)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 260.8192 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 247.6193 Tm .01 Tc .2553 Tw (recommends removing all the boxes once monitoring)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 247.6193 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 234.4193 Tm -.0056 Tw (stops. This also applies to single use boxes that are spaced)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 234.4193 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 221.2195 Tm .01 Tc .1262 Tw (out. One and done nest box building workshops where)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 221.2195 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 208.0195 Tm .01 Tc .0649 Tw (everyone gets to build a nest box very seldom become a)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 208.0195 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 194.8195 Tm -.0095 Tc -.0267 Tw [(positive for the intended occupant without proper guidance)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0084 194.8195 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 181.6196 Tm .01 Tc .1202 Tw (as to where to put it up. The Ontario Eastern Bluebird)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 181.6196 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 168.4196 Tm .01 Tc .1936 Tw (Society will not endorse any workshop that lacks that)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 168.4196 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 155.2196 Tm -.0265 Tw (component. To that end the bluebird society has produced)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 155.2196 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 142.0197 Tm .0045 Tc .0558 Tw (a protocol that deals with all aspects of being successful.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.009 142.0197 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 128.8197 Tm -.0016 Tc -.0346 Tw (This protocol can be found on our website oebs.ca Three of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0088 128.8197 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 115.6198 Tm .01 Tc .0733 Tw (those components are box location, predator protection)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 115.6198 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 102.4196 Tm (and monitoring. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 397.3814 102.4196 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /F2 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 15.7769 20.2552 Tm (3)Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 112 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 130 0 obj <> endobj 140 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 15.3 0 0 17 36.0044 743.1362 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg 0 Tc 0 Tw (Migration Routes and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 211.6556 743.1362 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 36.0044 726.1362 Tm (Breeding Distribution in)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 232.0581 726.1362 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 36.0044 709.1362 Tm (Canada )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 101.8288 709.1362 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 693.2744 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .0356 Tw (The Canadian Atlas of Bird Banding clearly shows the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0058 693.2744 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 680.0743 Tm -.0176 Tw (migration destinations of the Eastern Bluebird in Canada.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0058 680.0743 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 666.8744 Tm .01 Tc .6266 Tw (The central population residing in Saskatchewan,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0056 666.8744 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 653.6744 Tm .0242 Tw (Manitoba, Rainy River and above the western end of lake)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.006 653.6744 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 640.4745 Tm .01 Tc .2839 Tw (superior migrate to areas around Texas, Kansas and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0056 640.4745 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 627.2745 Tm .01 Tc .0836 Tw (Oklahoma. Four birds banded as nestlings in Manitoba)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0055 627.2745 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 614.0746 Tm -.0052 Tc -.031 Tw (wintered in Texas and Kansas. The eastern population that)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0075 614.0746 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 600.8746 Tm .01 Tc .1459 Tw (makes up possibly 80% of Canada’s Eastern Bluebirds)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0057 600.8746 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 587.6746 Tm -.0055 Tc -.0307 Tw (migrate to the central regions of the eastern U.S to the Gulf)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0074 587.6746 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 574.4747 Tm .003 Tw (coast. \(see Banding Atlas Map\) Four winter encounters of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.006 574.4747 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 561.2747 Tm .0053 Tc .055 Tw (Ontario birds occurred in Kentucky, North Carolina and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0041 561.2747 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 548.0747 Tm .01 Tc .2548 Tw (Georgia. Encounters of Ontario birds in Georgia and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0057 548.0747 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 534.8748 Tm .0076 Tc .0527 Tw (Florida in March also indicate a southern U S wintering)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0044 534.8748 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 521.6747 Tm .01 Tc .3877 Tw (distribution for these birds. Due to climate change)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0055 521.6747 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 508.4749 Tm .01 Tc .054 Tw (bluebirds are not wintering as far south as before. Each)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0057 508.4749 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 495.2748 Tm .0374 Tw (year more and more bluebirds overwinter in Ontario and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0059 495.2748 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 482.0749 Tm -.005 Tc -.0312 Tw (continue to push northward during their winter stay. Close)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0052 482.0749 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 468.8749 Tm -.0287 Tw (to 1000 Eastern Bluebirds are recorded on Christmas bird)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0057 468.8749 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 455.6749 Tm .0039 Tc .0564 Tw (counts each year in Ontario. Legendary Hamilton birder)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0072 455.6749 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 442.475 Tm -.0098 Tc -.0264 Tw [(George North did not see a winter bluebird in the Hamilton)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0066 442.475 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 429.275 Tm .0279 Tw (count area during his lifetime. How things have changed.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0059 429.275 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 416.075 Tm -.004 Tc -.0322 Tw (The inaugural Flamborough Christmas Bird Count in 2021)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0043 416.075 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 402.8751 Tm .01 Tc .1361 Tw (had a remarkable 76 bluebirds recorded. This count is)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0056 402.8751 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 389.6751 Tm -.0128 Tw (north of the Hamilton circle. The Eastern Bluebird breeds)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0057 389.6751 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 376.4751 Tm .0325 Tw (in all areas of Ontario except the Hudson’s Bay lowlands.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0059 376.4751 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 363.2752 Tm .01 Tc .2035 Tw (Recent range maps and migration information by the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0057 363.2752 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 350.0753 Tm .01 Tc .0537 Tw (North American Bluebird Society and the Cornell lab of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0055 350.0753 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 336.8752 Tm .0407 Tw (Ornithology have information that is not up to date. This)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0059 336.8752 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 323.6753 Tm .0047 Tw (is hard to understand with all the breeding and migration)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0058 323.6753 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 310.4753 Tm -.0119 Tw (data that is available today. The North American Bluebird)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0058 310.4753 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 297.2754 Tm .01 Tc .1378 Tw (Society deals with only 3 species and needs to use the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0054 297.2754 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 284.0753 Tm (available information to be current. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 193.4037 284.0753 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 15.3 0 0 17 36.0044 256.2753 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg (Eastern Bluebird Breeding)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 249.3751 256.2753 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 36.0044 239.2753 Tm (Distribution In Canada)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 222.2416 239.2753 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 223.4136 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg -.0061 Tc -.0301 Tw (The provincial breeding bird atlases clearly show where)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0041 223.4136 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 210.2136 Tm -.0139 Tw (Eastern bluebirds breed in Canada. Cornell and the North)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0057 210.2136 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 197.0135 Tm .0093 Tc .051 Tw (American Bluebird Society seem unable to use this data)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0041 197.0135 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 183.8137 Tm .0302 Tw (from the breeding bird atlases to accurately draw a range)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0058 183.8137 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 170.6137 Tm .01 Tc .165 Tw (map, very puzzling, especially for the North American)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0055 170.6137 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 157.4137 Tm .01 Tc .123 Tw (Bluebird Society that only deal with three species. The)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0054 157.4137 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 144.2137 Tm .01 Tc .2902 Tw (Thunder Cape bird observatory located at the tip of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0055 144.2137 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 131.0138 Tm .01 Tc .0774 Tw (sleeping giant national park at the western end of Lake)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0055 131.0138 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 117.8137 Tm .01 Tc .1234 Tw (Superior each year record Eastern Bluebirds migrating)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0055 117.8137 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 104.6137 Tm .0027 Tw (past their station. A record number of 740 bluebirds were)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0059 104.6137 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 91.4138 Tm .01 Tc .1056 Tw (reported in the fall of 2001. Where are these bluebirds)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0054 91.4138 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 78.2139 Tm .01 Tc .1245 Tw (coming from? They are coming from areas above Lake)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0057 78.2139 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 65.0139 Tm .008 Tc .0523 Tw (superior where they nest in clear cuts, forest burn areas)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0051 65.0139 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 51.814 Tm .01 Tc .0806 Tw (and human habitations. There would seem to be a spot)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0056 51.814 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 38.614 Tm .01 Tc .1059 Tw (somewhere along the northern Lake superior shoreline)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 287.0057 38.614 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 482.5136 Tm -.028 Tw (where bluebirds either go west or east along the shoreline.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 482.5136 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 469.3136 Tm -.0037 Tc -.0325 Tw (Those that go west would end up going through Minnesota)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0084 469.3136 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 456.1136 Tm -.0045 Tc -.0317 Tw (on their way to an area centered around Texas, Kansas and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 456.1136 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 442.9137 Tm .0108 Tw (Oklahoma. Most would continue along the northern Lake)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 442.9137 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 429.7137 Tm .01 Tc .1879 Tw (Superior shoreline but some would head to the tip of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 429.7137 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 416.5137 Tm .01 Tc .0652 Tw (Sleeping Giant Provincial Park where they would either)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 416.5137 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 403.3138 Tm -.0229 Tw (turn around and go back to continue their migration or fly)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 403.3138 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 390.1138 Tm .01 Tc .1215 Tw (across to Pie Island and then through Minnesota. This)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 390.1138 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 376.9138 Tm .01 Tc .0748 Tw (happens at the Old Cut bird banding station in Ontario)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 376.9138 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 363.7139 Tm -.0031 Tc -.0331 Tw (where birds are observed flying out to the tip of Long point)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 363.7139 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 350.5139 Tm -.0093 Tc -.0269 Tw (and later turning around and coming back to continue west)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0083 350.5139 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 337.3139 Tm .0004 Tc .0599 Tw (along the Lake Erie shoreline. We need to do some work)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.009 337.3139 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 324.114 Tm .0046 Tc .0557 Tw (to determine the point where they either go east or west)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0084 324.114 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 310.9139 Tm -.0286 Tw (along the northern Lake Superior shoreline possibly using)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 310.9139 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 297.7141 Tm (motus or some other tracking device. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 488.9412 297.7141 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 15.3 0 0 17 325.0063 269.9141 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg (How Long Does a Bluebird)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 538.1305 269.9141 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 325.0063 252.9141 Tm (Live?)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 367.3727 252.9141 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 339.4064 237.0521 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .0567 Tw (The answer not very long. I have banded over 10,000)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 237.0521 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 223.8521 Tm .0082 Tc .0521 Tw (eastern bluebirds . Both young and adults were banded.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 223.8521 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 210.6522 Tm .047 Tw (Only 3 of 1800 previously banded bluebirds were 7 years)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 210.6522 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 197.4522 Tm .01 Tc .0556 Tw [(old. The average age of those 1800 was just a little over)10( )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 579.0449 197.4522 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 184.2523 Tm .0382 Tw (2 years. These are birds that were previously banded and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 184.2523 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 171.0524 Tm .01 Tc .1377 Tw (have survived and returned to breed. Those at 6 years)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 171.0524 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 157.8524 Tm -.0042 Tc -.032 Tw (under 10 individuals. I often hear reports form bluebirders)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0072 157.8524 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 144.6524 Tm .01 Tc .3328 Tw (of the same pair returning year after year. Because)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 144.6524 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 131.4525 Tm -.009 Tc -.0272 Tw [(bluebirds look the same it is hard to tell if they are the same)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0092 131.4525 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 118.2523 Tm .0234 Tw (pair. It is more likely 2 or 3 pairs. Bluebirds differ greatly)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 118.2523 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 105.0525 Tm .01 Tc .1939 Tw (in their breeding behaviour. At some nest boxes both)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 105.0525 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 91.8524 Tm -.0025 Tc -.0337 Tw (adults will completely disappear and wait till I am gone. At)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 91.8524 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 78.6525 Tm .0051 Tc .0552 Tw (other boxes I will be immediately attacked by both male)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0094 78.6525 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 65.4525 Tm .0031 Tc .0572 Tw (and female, usually only the male. On occasion the male)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 65.4525 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 52.2526 Tm .01 Tc .0607 Tw (has hit me on the head. Defensive vocalizations start as)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 52.2526 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 325.0063 39.0526 Tm .01 Tc .1838 Tw (soon as they see me. Sometimes you can tell by their)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 39.0526 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC .316 .416 .691 rg /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 34.535 29.086 cm 0 0 m 541.478 .1083 l 541.479 -4.5437 l .0009 -4.652 l h f* Q EMC /Artifact <>BDC Q q 1 i 309.925 500.833 m 591.075 500.833 -281.15 270.548 re 309.925 500.833 m W* n 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 -1 308.925 772.381 cm /Sh1 sh Q EMC /Artifact <>BDC Q q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n 1 g /GS1 gs 324.928 582.506 250.298 172.395 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 324.928 754.901 250.298 -172.395 re W* n 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs q 250.841 0 0 172.757 323.858 582.144 cm /Im3 Do Q EMC /P <>BDC Q q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs BT /F1 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 12 324.0571 557.2051 Tm 1 g -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(C)9.8(a)-.2(n)5.8(a)2.8(dian A)29.8(t)6.8(la)8.8(s of Bir)8.8(d)-.2( Banding. V)58.8(olume 1)8.8(:)-.2( D)5.8(o)5.8(v)8.8(es)-6.2(,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 570.0706 557.2051 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 324.0571 542.8051 Tm [(C)18(u)-4(ck)13(o)-6(o)-4(s and H)22(ummingbir)9(ds t)7(h)0(r)9(ough P)30(a)9(sserines)-17(.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 569.3146 542.8051 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 324.0571 528.4052 Tm -.0004 Tc .0004 Tw [(19)7.6(21-)17.6(1995. En)6.6(vir)8.6(onmen)9.6(t)-.4( C)9.6(a)-.4(n)5.6(a)2.6(da)-14.4(. C)9.6(a)-.4(n)5.6(a)2.6(dian)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 535.2944 528.4052 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 324.0571 514.0051 Tm .0011 Tc -.0011 Tw [(W)13.1(ildli)-6.9(f)11.1(e)1.1( Ser)-23.9(vice)-13.9(.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /F2 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 16.023 21.2552 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg 0 Tc 0 Tw (4)Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 141 0 obj <>/XObject<>/ExtGState<>/Shading<>>> endobj 144 0 obj <> endobj 145 0 obj <> endobj 157 0 obj <> endobj 159 0 obj <> endobj 161 0 obj <> endobj 183 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 196.333 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg -.0017 Tc -.0345 Tw (behaviour if it is the same pair returning from the previous)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0054 196.333 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 183.133 Tm .01 Tc .2603 Tw (year. Maybe you have a meal worm feeder that they)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 183.133 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 169.9329 Tm .0535 Tw (immediately go too, or they perch in a regular spot. They)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 169.9329 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 156.733 Tm .0244 Tw (may not view you as a threat or that aggressive behaviour)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 156.733 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 143.533 Tm -.0075 Tc -.0287 Tw [(mentioned above may help in deciding if it is the same pair.)-7.5( )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 290.0365 143.533 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 126.7332 Tm .013 Tw (Tree Swallows have a lifespan that is almost twice that)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 126.7332 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 113.5332 Tm .013 Tw (of a bluebird. In 2015 I analyzed the Tree Swallow re-trap)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 113.5332 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 100.3332 Tm .01 Tc .1762 Tw (data from the three nest box grids at the Tip, Sewage)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 100.3332 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 87.1331 Tm .0594 Tw (Lagoons and Mud Creek. Each of those grids contained 1)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 87.1331 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 73.9333 Tm -.0042 Tc -.032 Tw (nine year old Tree Swallow. Averages of all re-trapped Tree)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0039 73.9333 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 60.7332 Tm -.0042 Tc -.032 Tw (Swallow adults at each grid in years were -Mud Creek 3.68,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 60.7332 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 47.5333 Tm (Sewage Lagoons 3.7 and the Tip 3.8.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 194.5687 47.5333 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 15.3 0 0 17 324.0063 191.7949 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg (Bronte Creek Nest Box Building)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 575.6046 191.7949 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 324.0063 174.7949 Tm (Workshop )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 410.9354 174.7949 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 338.4064 158.9329 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .0061 Tc .0542 Tw (On February 10, 2024, Bronte Creek Provincial Park,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 158.9329 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 145.7329 Tm .01 Tc .387 Tw (The Halton Bluebird Club and the Ontario Eastern)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 145.7329 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 132.5331 Tm .0265 Tw (Bluebird Society conducted a nest box building workshop)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 132.5331 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 119.3331 Tm -.0297 Tw (for youth. It was a great success. Lunch and a presentation)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 119.3331 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 106.1331 Tm -.0146 Tw (on bluebirding by the OEBS was provided. Each group got)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 106.1331 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 92.9332 Tm .0558 Tw (to take home a bluebird box with specific instructions on)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 92.9332 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 79.7332 Tm .009 Tc .0513 Tw (how and where to put it up. Lunch was provided for the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 79.7332 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 66.5333 Tm .0046 Tc .0557 Tw (participants. We are looking forward to running another)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0073 66.5333 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 53.3333 Tm (workshop next year. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 414.6193 53.3333 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC .316 .416 .691 rg /GS1 gs 36 24.423 538.522 4.652 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC Q q 1 i 18.084 214.653 m 590.576 214.653 -572.492 561.214 re 18.084 214.653 m W* n 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 -1 17.084 776.867 cm /Sh2 sh Q EMC /Artifact <>BDC Q q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n 1 g /GS1 gs 36 587.92 537.539 168.08 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 36 756 537.539 -168.08 re W* n 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs q 537.21 0 0 168.973 37.104 587.375 cm /Im4 Do Q EMC /Artifact <>BDC Q q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n 1 g /GS1 gs 38.461 354.13 251.26 225.506 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 38.461 579.636 251.26 -225.506 re W* n 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs q 252.255 0 0 226.361 37.919 353.606 cm /Im5 Do Q EMC /Artifact <>BDC Q q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n 1 g /GS1 gs 324.74 354.13 251.26 174.226 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 324.74 528.356 251.26 -174.226 re W* n 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs q 252.385 0 0 175.036 324.227 353.732 cm /Im6 Do Q EMC /P <>BDC Q q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs BT /F1 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 12 324.0063 572.8156 Tm 1 g -.0013 Tc .0013 Tw [(P)28.7(a)-1.3(r)-21.3(t)7.7(icipan)8.7(ts and sta with the)-4.3(ir c)-6.3(omplet)8.7(e)-10.3(d)-1.3( ne)-4.3(st)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 562.3193 572.8156 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 324.0063 558.4156 Tm -.0003 Tc .0003 Tw [(b)-6.3(o)9.7(x)12.7(e)-3.3(s in f)9.7(r)8.7(on)9.7(t of t)6.7(he B)6.7(r)8.7(on)9.7(t)9.7(e)-.3( C)14.7(r)8.7(e)-9.3(ek P)13.7(r)8.7(o)5.7(vincial P)29.7(a)-.3(rk)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 570.3978 558.4156 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 324.0063 544.0156 Tm (building. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 324.0063 337.3383 Tm -.0004 Tc .0004 Tw [(Sheila W)11.6(ieb)-6.4(e)-9.4(,)15.6(B)6.6(r)8.6(on)9.6(t)9.6(e)-.4( C)14.6(r)8.6(e)-9.4(ek Educa)9.6(t)8.6(ion S)8.6(p)-6.4(e)-9.4(c)-.4(ialis)5.6(t)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 563.6802 337.3383 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 324.0063 322.9383 Tm -.0004 Tc .0004 Tw [(on t)6.6(he le)-9.4(f)38.6(t)-17.4(, and S)5.6(y)-.4(lvia V)62.6(an W)56.6(a)-.4(ls)6.6(um, pa)8.6(s)5.6(t)-.4( pr)8.6(esiden)9.6(t)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 573.2814 322.9383 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 324.0063 308.5383 Tm .0001 Tc -.0001 Tw [(of t)7.1(he H)21.1(alt)10.1(on B)9.1(l).1(uebir)9.1(d C)15.1(lub and long)6.1(t)9.1(ime OEB)-8.9(S)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 559.7274 308.5383 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 324.0063 294.1384 Tm .0003 Tc -.0003 Tw [(bir)9.3(da)10.3(t)7.3(hon r)9.3(e)-2.7(pr)9.3(esen)10.3(t)6.3(a)10.3(t)9.3(i)-2.7(v)9.3(e)-14.7(. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 453.8765 294.1384 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 36.0044 338.5023 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(O)6.9(ur OEB)-9.1(S)-.1( bluebir)8.9(d t)9.9(eam F)8.9(r)8.9(om L)-6.1(e)-9.1(f)38.9(t)-.1( t)9.9(o)-.1( righ)9.9(t : K)-17.1(a)-.1(r)8.9(e)-3.1(n)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 287.3854 338.5023 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 36.0044 324.1024 Tm .0007 Tc -.0007 Tw [(T)69.7(u).7()10.7(o).7(r)9.7(d).7( B)7.7(r)9.7(ehn, M)19.7(a).7(r)-27.3(y).7( Anne R)6.7(ose)-8.3(, )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 197.5726 324.1024 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 36.0044 309.7023 Tm -.0006 Tc .0006 Tw [(M)7.4(r)58.4(. M)11.4(ouriop)-6.6(olou)7.4(s)-6.6(,)-.6( C)14.4(h)-.6(ris M)11.4(ouriop)-6.6(olou)7.4(s)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /F2 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 590.6181 24.2552 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg 0 Tc 0 Tw (5)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /F1 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 12 104.0189 265.9185 Tm 1 g -.0022 Tc .0022 Tw [(S)6.8(p)-8.2(e)-11.2(c)-2.2(ial thank)-6.2(s t)7.8(o)-2.2( the sta a)7.8(t)-2.2( Br)6.8(on)7.8(t)7.8(e)-2.2( C)12.8(r)]TJ 17.907 0 TD -.0011 Tc .0011 Tw [(e)-10.1(e)-1.1(k)-35.1(,)-1.1( f)8.9(or C)13.9(h)-1.1(ris M)10.9(ouriop)-7.1(olous and his f)11.9(a)8.9(the)-4.1(r)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 507.9935 265.9185 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 106.0818 251.5186 Tm .0003 Tc -.0003 Tw [(f)10.3(or pu)-7.7(t)43.3(t)9.3(ing t)10.3(oget)7.3(h).3(er t)7.3(he nes)6.3(t).3( b)-5.7(o)10.3(x kits)-5.7(,).3( f)10.3(or M)19.3(a).3(r)-27.7(y).3( Anne doing t)7.3(he nes)6.3(t).3( b)-5.7(o)10.3(x pr)9.3(ot)10.3(o)-5.7(c)-4.7(ol)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 505.9305 251.5186 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 157.5979 237.1187 Tm .0002 Tc -.0002 Tw [(pr)9.2(esen)10.2(t)6.2(a)10.2(t)9.2(ion and K)-16.8(a).2(r)9.2(e)-2.8(n w)7.2(ho a)9.2(ssis)6.2(t)10.2(e)-8.8(d).2( wit)7.2(h t)7.2(he b)-5.8(o)10.2(x building. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 457.0281 237.1187 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 184 0 obj <>/XObject<>/ExtGState<>/Shading<>>> endobj 208 0 obj <> endobj 210 0 obj <> endobj 212 0 obj <> endobj 224 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 15.3 0 0 17 36.0044 404.6421 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg 0 Tc 0 Tw (Nest Box Reports 2023 )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 219.821 404.6421 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 388.7802 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .01 Tc .372 Tw (The metrological winter \(December, January and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 388.7802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 375.5803 Tm .01 Tc .0788 Tw (February\) 2022-2023 was the third warmest on record.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 375.5803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 362.3803 Tm -.0078 Tc -.0284 Tw (`March 2023 has been average. This was followed by a very)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 362.3803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 349.1803 Tm .0415 Tw (warm and wet April. The overall April temperature was 2)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 349.1803 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 335.9803 Tm .01 Tc .0545 Tw (degrees higher than the average. This was followed by a)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 335.9803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 322.7803 Tm .0067 Tc .0536 Tw (very dry May with average temperatures. The May night)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 322.7803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 309.5804 Tm .0207 Tw (time lows were 1.5 degrees below normal. Some mortality)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 309.5804 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 296.3805 Tm .0125 Tw (of nestlings that were not fully feathered and not brooded)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.006 296.3805 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 283.1805 Tm .0372 Tw (were reported during the cold nights that we experienced)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 283.1805 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 269.9805 Tm .001 Tc .0593 Tw (during this period. Placing hand warmers under the nest)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0049 269.9805 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 256.7805 Tm .01 Tc .1456 Tw (during these cold nights has helped keep the nestlings)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 256.7805 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 243.5806 Tm .01 Tc .0661 Tw (alive. I suggest you might try this if we are in this same)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 243.5806 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 230.3806 Tm .01 Tc .1579 Tw (position in May 2024. Overall it was a very successful)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 230.3806 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 217.1807 Tm (nesting season for both bluebirds and Tree Swallows. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 270.1045 217.1807 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 200.3806 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .01 Tc .2442 Tw (Henry Miller)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 120.0226 200.3806 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .2314 Tw [( reports that he did not see a Tree)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 200.3806 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 187.1807 Tm .0035 Tw (Swallow in 2023 until the last week in April. He estimates)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 187.1807 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 173.9808 Tm .0006 Tc .0597 Tw (that nesting began almost 2 weeks later than normal. He)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0044 173.9808 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 160.7808 Tm .01 Tc .1412 Tw (didn’t see any bluebirds until May but others reported)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 160.7808 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 147.5807 Tm -.0082 Tc -.028 Tw (seeing them earlier. Henry monitors 92 nest boxes in Rainy)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0067 147.5807 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 134.3809 Tm .0021 Tc .0582 Tw (River District west of Thunder Bay. Henry reports that 6)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0067 134.3809 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 121.1809 Tm -.0266 Tw (pairs of bluebirds produced 28 fledged young and 36 pairs)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 121.1809 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 107.981 Tm .0015 Tc .0588 Tw (of Tree Swallows fledged 151 young. There were 8 House)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0049 107.981 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 94.7809 Tm -.001 Tc -.0352 Tw (Wren nests, five of which built nests over the Tree Swallow)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0077 94.7809 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 81.5809 Tm (nests. So overall not a bad year after a slow start. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 250.7299 81.5809 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 64.781 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 53.7905 64.781 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .01 Tc .0961 Tw (Herb Furniss)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 123.6591 64.781 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .0908 Tw [( and )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 147.2505 64.781 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .0961 Tw (Debbie Hewitt)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 222.4775 64.781 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .0908 Tw [( monitored 90)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 64.781 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 51.5811 Tm .0032 Tc .0571 Tw (nest boxes in Victoria \(City of Kawartha Lakes\), know as)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0054 51.5811 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 409.1802 Tm .01 Tc .0961 Tw [(the Carden Plain. A total of 186 bluebirds fledged from)10( )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 579.4458 409.1802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 395.9802 Tm -.0067 Tc -.0295 Tw [(230 eggs. This is a 81% egg to fledge rate. Herb uses a coker)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0087 395.9802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 382.7802 Tm .01 Tc .2756 Tw (box design painted white. Also fledged were 12 Tree)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 382.7802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 369.5803 Tm .0005 Tc .0598 Tw (Swallows from 2 nests. House Sparrows are not found in)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0098 369.5803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 356.3803 Tm .0033 Tc .057 Tw (this area. Forty three Pairs of bluebirds with 186 fledged)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0065 356.3803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 343.1804 Tm -.0016 Tc -.0346 Tw [(young is a fledged young per pair rate of 4.33. Over the life)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0082 343.1804 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 329.9803 Tm .0578 Tw (of this trail Herb has fledged 4,647 bluebirds, impressive)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 329.9803 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 316.7803 Tm .0156 Tw (indeed. Herb received the bluebird conservation award in)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 316.7803 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 303.5804 Tm -.0248 Tw (2003. House Wrens and weather were both ranked no 1 as)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 303.5804 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 290.3805 Tm (the presumed cause of any nest failure. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 338.4064 273.5805 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg (John )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 366.6659 273.5805 Tm (and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 385.9583 273.5805 Tm ( Janet foster )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 451.7198 273.5805 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 338.4064 256.7805 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg -.0022 Tc -.034 Tw (Their trail fledged 11 bluebirds and 64 Tree Swallows in)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0088 256.7805 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 243.5806 Tm .0099 Tc .0504 Tw (2023. This is far from the average number. A total of 13)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.009 243.5806 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 230.3806 Tm .01 Tc .1441 Tw (nest boxes were either destroyed or badly damaged by)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 230.3806 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 217.1807 Tm .01 Tc .0576 Tw (Black Bears. Sixty-nine chicks/ eggs lost to bear, wrens,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 217.1807 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 203.9807 Tm .0069 Tc .0534 Tw (and 2 old boxes that fell. They comment that insects are)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0092 203.9807 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 190.7806 Tm -.0037 Tw (not nearly so numerous this year. They did have one Luna)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 190.7806 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 177.5808 Tm (Moth, the first in 15-20 years.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 453.3396 177.5808 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 338.4064 160.7808 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 340.8486 160.7808 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .0058 Tw (Queens University Biological Station)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 527.2635 160.7808 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .0055 Tw [( had a total)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 160.7808 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 147.5807 Tm .0554 Tw (of 199 nest boxes occupied \(168 by Tree Swallows and 31)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 147.5807 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 134.3809 Tm .0002 Tc .0601 Tw (by bluebirds\). Tree Swallows had a hatch rate of 5.13 per)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0089 134.3809 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 121.1809 Tm .0026 Tc .0577 Tw (nest and a fledge rate of 3.17 per nest. Eastern Bluebirds)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0088 121.1809 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 107.9809 Tm .0314 Tw (had a hatch rate of 3.25 per nest and a fledge rate of 2.09)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 107.9809 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 94.7809 Tm .01 Tc .1253 Tw (per nest. I have been sent the results from the Queens)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 94.7809 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 81.5808 Tm .0509 Tw (Biological Station for many years. I am always puzzled at)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 81.5808 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 68.3809 Tm .0343 Tw (the very low fledge rate for Tree Swallows \(3.17 per nest\).)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 68.3809 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 55.181 Tm .04 Tw (How is this colony sustainable without immigration from)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 55.181 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC .316 .416 .691 rg /GS1 gs 34.521 24.423 541.479 4.652 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC Q q 1 i 20.014 427.5 m 592.507 427.5 -572.492 347.526 re 20.014 427.5 m W* n 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 -1 19.014 776.026 cm /Sh3 sh Q EMC /Artifact <>BDC Q q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n 1 g /GS1 gs 313.529 512.801 262.471 243.199 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 313.529 756 262.471 -243.199 re W* n 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs q 263.435 0 0 243.987 313.064 512.344 cm /Im7 Do Q EMC /Artifact <>BDC Q q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n 1 g /GS1 gs 37.93 601.33 262.471 154.67 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 37.93 756 262.471 -154.67 re W* n 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs q 263.435 0 0 155.41 37.465 600.921 cm /Im8 Do Q EMC /Artifact <>BDC Q q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n 1 g /GS1 gs 37.93 439.296 262.471 154.67 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 37.93 593.966 262.471 -154.67 re W* n 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs q 263.343 0 0 155.377 37.455 438.962 cm /Im9 Do Q EMC /P <>BDC Q q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs BT /F1 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 12 313.5357 494.5397 Tm 1 g .0004 Tc -.0004 Tw [(I can se)-8.6(e a f)7.4(u)-7.6(t)11.4(u).4(r)9.4(e).4( in wildli)-7.6(f)10.4(e).4( Biology f)10.4(or t)7.4(h).4(ese)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 538.0138 494.5397 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 313.5357 480.1398 Tm -.0012 Tc [(par)-21.2(t)7.8(icipan)8.8(ts)-18.2(. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 379.7074 480.1398 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.8 0 0 12 313.5357 462.1398 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(Th)5.8(anks t)9.8(o)-.2( all t)6.8(he or)10.8(g)8.8(aniz)11.8(e)-3.2(rs and par)-20.2(t)8.8(icipan)9.8(ts)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /F2 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 15.4772 25.1799 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg 0 Tc 0 Tw (6)Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 225 0 obj <>/XObject<>/ExtGState<>/Shading<>>> endobj 259 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 747.6802 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg -.0026 Tc -.0336 Tw (other source colonies. I do not know of any other grids that)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0067 747.6802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 734.4802 Tm -.0035 Tc -.0327 Tw (have these low numbers. LPBO grids as an example of high)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0067 734.4802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 721.2802 Tm .0031 Tc .0572 Tw (productivity. Possibly the number of nest boxes needs to)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 721.2802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 708.0803 Tm -.0237 Tw (be reduced. Is predation a problem? I know in the past the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 708.0803 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 694.8802 Tm .0003 Tc .06 Tw (Grey Rat Snake was an issue. Bluebirds are a little better)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0064 694.8802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 681.6802 Tm .01 Tc .1313 Tw (but not where I expect they should be. For bluebirds I)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 681.6802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 668.4803 Tm -.005 Tw (would expect at least a 70% egg to fledge rate and for Tree)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.006 668.4803 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 655.2804 Tm (Swallows around 80-85% egg to fledge rate. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 229.5474 655.2804 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 638.4803 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .0038 Tc .0597 Tw (Gerard S. Powers)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 140.9619 638.4803 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .0565 Tw [( monitors 162 nest boxes in Grey)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 638.4803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 625.2805 Tm .01 Tc .0837 Tw (County. He had a good year with 239 bluebirds fledged)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 625.2805 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 612.0804 Tm .0074 Tw (from 254 eggs. This is an egg to fledge percentage of 94%.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 612.0804 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 598.8805 Tm .0215 Tw (Forty three pairs were represented. Boxes are checked bi-)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 585.6805 Tm .0024 Tw (weekly. Nest boxes are on metal posts and greased to stop)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0061 585.6805 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 572.4806 Tm .0018 Tc .0585 Tw (climbing predators. A total of 396 Tree Swallows fledged)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0049 572.4806 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 559.2806 Tm .0048 Tc .0555 Tw (from 64 nests. Bluebird numbers are down slightly from)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0064 559.2806 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 546.0806 Tm -.0054 Tc -.0308 Tw (2022. Jerry said there were lots of insects. He didn’t do any)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0069 546.0806 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 532.8807 Tm .0009 Tw (feeding this year. Tree Swallows were also down this year.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 532.8807 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 519.6807 Tm .0404 Tw (No Tree Swallow nests were lost this year. Overall a good)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 519.6807 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 506.4808 Tm (year. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 59.7634 506.4808 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 489.6808 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .01 Tc .4875 Tw (I have mentioned many times that I use)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 489.6808 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 476.4808 Tm -.0089 Tc -.0292 Tw (automobile grease placed in the middle of the t-bar)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0046 476.4808 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 463.2809 Tm .01 Tc .1688 Tw (or metal pole. This stops raccoons not because)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 463.2809 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 450.0809 Tm -.0213 Tw (they cant climb the t-bar or pole, it is because they)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 450.0809 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 436.8809 Tm .01 Tc .1369 Tw (don’t want to get grease on their hands so they)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 436.8809 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 423.681 Tm (leave it alone. Almost 100% effective. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 226.1297 423.681 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 406.881 Tm -.0049 Tc -.0332 Tw (Nature Barrie)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 120.4588 406.881 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg -.0313 Tw [( now owns 100 boxes and monitors 128)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0052 406.881 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 393.681 Tm .0423 Tw (nest boxes., broken down into 7 strings, broken down yet)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 393.681 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 380.4811 Tm .022 Tw (again into 11 monitored runs. Out of these 128 boxes they)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 380.4811 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 367.281 Tm .0063 Tc .054 Tw (had 29 bluebird nests, 67 Tree Swallow, 33 House Wren)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0071 367.281 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 354.0811 Tm .01 Tc .396 Tw [(and 2 Black Capped Chickadee nests. They fledged)10( )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 294.4126 354.0811 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 340.8812 Tm .01 Tc .0752 Tw (97 Eastern Bluebirds from 127 eggs for an egg to fledge)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 340.8812 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 327.6812 Tm .0009 Tc .0594 Tw (percentage of 76 %. A total of 207 Tree Swallows fledged)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0074 327.6812 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 314.4812 Tm .01 Tc .148 Tw (from an egg total of 291 which is a 71 % egg to fledge)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 314.4812 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 301.2812 Tm .01 Tc .1138 Tw (percentage. Ninety-five House Wrens fledged from 108)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 301.2812 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 288.0812 Tm -.0153 Tw (eggs and 0 black Capped Chickadees from 5 eggs. One box)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.006 288.0812 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 274.8814 Tm -.0315 Tw (had 3 Red Squirrels. House Wren numbers have increased)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 274.8814 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 261.6814 Tm -.0049 Tc -.0313 Tw (significantly and this has affected the Tree Swallow success)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0078 261.6814 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 248.4814 Tm (rate. Overall a very good year from a lot of hard work. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 271.6949 248.4814 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 231.6814 Tm .001 Tc .0593 Tw (Your editor )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 103.8326 231.6814 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .0625 Tw (Bill Read)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 150.8842 231.6814 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .0593 Tw [( was able to fledge 413 Eastern)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0073 231.6814 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 218.4814 Tm .01 Tc .1584 Tw (Bluebirds which includes 9 from the Doon Valley Golf)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 218.4814 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 205.2815 Tm .01 Tc .0967 Tw (Course. A total of 68 pairs were represented which is a)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 205.2815 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 192.0814 Tm .0043 Tc .056 Tw (fledged per pair rate of 6.07. Also fledged were 678 Tree)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0073 192.0814 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 178.8815 Tm -.0077 Tc -.0285 Tw (Swallows \(222 from the Doon Golf course and 456 from my)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0064 178.8815 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 165.6815 Tm .01 Tc .2063 Tw (boxes\). A total of 47 previously banded adult Eastern)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 165.6815 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 152.4816 Tm -.0099 Tc -.0263 Tw (Bluebirds were re-trapped and 46 new bluebird adults were)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0069 152.4816 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 139.2816 Tm .01 Tc .1583 Tw (banded. A total of 417 bluebirds were banded in 2023)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 139.2816 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 126.0817 Tm .0137 Tw (which includes both young and adults. The average age of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 126.0817 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 112.8817 Tm .0061 Tw (those re-trapped adult bluebirds was 100/47 – 2.13 years.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0061 112.8817 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 99.6818 Tm .01 Tc .2825 Tw [(On June 11 Sam Lewis and Eila O’Neil helped band)10( )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 293.289 99.6818 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 86.4818 Tm -.0339 Tw (170 Tree Swallow nestlings at the Doon Valley Golf course. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 290.0578 86.4818 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 338.4064 747.6802 Tm .0049 Tw (Another good year for )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 436.7145 747.6802 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .0051 Tw (Dan Baarda)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 497.1659 747.6802 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .0003 Tc .0046 Tw ( with 65 bluebirds)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 747.6802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 734.4802 Tm .01 Tc .1334 Tw (fledged from the 73 nest boxes he monitors in Lincoln)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 734.4802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 721.2802 Tm -.0145 Tw (County. This is Dan’s 25th year of monitoring his bluebird)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 721.2802 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 708.0803 Tm .0041 Tc .0562 Tw [(trail. Nineteen pairs were represented which is a fledged)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 708.0803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 694.8802 Tm .0256 Tw (young per pair of 65/19- 3.42. Dan uses a Gilbertson type)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 694.8802 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 681.6802 Tm -.0194 Tw (nest box which is painted white. Inverted large coffee cans)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 681.6802 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 668.4803 Tm .0466 Tw (are used to deter climbing predators. Other nests include)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 668.4803 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 655.2804 Tm -.0218 Tw (26 pairs of Tree Swallows that fledged 89 young. Weather,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 655.2804 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 642.0803 Tm .01 Tc .2195 Tw (House Wrens and House Sparrows were listed as the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 642.0803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 628.8805 Tm .01 Tc .2227 Tw (possible causes if young or eggs were lost. All House)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 628.8805 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 615.6804 Tm (Sparrows are trapped and removed. Another good year. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 568.5043 615.6804 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 15.3 0 0 17 324.0063 587.8805 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg (Tubex Tree Shelters)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 481.033 587.8805 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 338.4064 572.0187 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .01 Tc .154 Tw (A report in the last NABS Bluebird magazine \(Tree)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 572.0187 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 558.8187 Tm -.0048 Tc -.0314 Tw (Tube Hazards Page 6, Bluebird Winter 2024 VOL 46 NO.1\))Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0085 558.8187 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 545.6187 Tm .0046 Tc .0557 Tw (of three Eastern Bluebirds found at the bottom of Tubex)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0092 545.6187 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 532.4188 Tm .01 Tc .1287 Tw (Tree Shelters, 2 were dead and one alive and released.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 532.4188 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 519.2187 Tm .01 Tc .2872 Tw (Bluebirds investigate these openings as possible nest)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 519.2187 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 506.0187 Tm -.0054 Tc -.0308 Tw (cavities and because the inside is smooth they can’t get out.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 506.0187 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 492.8188 Tm -.0248 Tw (This happened in Michigan to a home owner who used the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 492.8188 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 479.6189 Tm .01 Tc .23 Tw (tubex shelters while planting several native trees and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 479.6189 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 466.4189 Tm -.0022 Tw (shrubs. They were not equipped with mesh caps. This was)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 466.4189 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 453.2189 Tm -.0047 Tc -.0315 Tw [(from a small number of shelters and it trapped 3 bluebirds.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 453.2189 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 440.019 Tm .0072 Tc .0531 Tw (There are tens of thousands of these tree shelters across)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0081 440.019 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 426.8189 Tm (North America. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 394.2054 426.8189 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 338.4064 410.019 Tm .0076 Tc .0527 Tw (Almost thirty years ago I contacted the distributor in)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0065 410.019 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 396.8191 Tm -.0013 Tc -.0349 Tw (England to alert them to this hazard. They assured me that)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.007 396.8191 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 383.6191 Tm .01 Tc .1029 Tw (they would provide mesh nets to fit over the top of the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 383.6191 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 370.4191 Tm -.0064 Tc -.0298 Tw (shelter to prevent birds from getting trapped in them. I just)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0094 370.4191 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 357.2192 Tm .01 Tc .2247 Tw (looked on the internet and found two manufacturers,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 357.2192 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 344.0192 Tm .01 Tc .4429 Tw (Tubex Standard and Tubex Tree Shelters \(Forestry)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 344.0192 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 330.8192 Tm .0262 Tw (Products\). Tubex Tree Shelters had the mesh guards with)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 330.8192 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 317.6192 Tm .0365 Tw (a picture on their home page, Tubex Standard did as well)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 317.6192 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 304.4193 Tm -.0306 Tw (in one picture. I am not sure if the mesh nets come with an)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 304.4193 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 291.2194 Tm .0145 Tw (order or they have to be ordered separately. It is probably)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 291.2194 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 278.0193 Tm -.0186 Tw (time to re-investigate this hazard to bluebirds. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 526.8129 278.0193 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg -.0196 Tw (Next time)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 278.0193 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 264.8193 Tm .0325 Tw (you see these tubes have a look to see if any birds)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 264.8193 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 251.6195 Tm .0092 Tc .0543 Tw (are trapped at the bottom of the tube and let me)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0068 251.6195 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 238.4195 Tm (know of your findings. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 441.0274 238.4195 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 338.4064 221.6195 Tm .01 Tc .2122 Tw (Mining claim markers)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 457.4772 221.6195 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .2011 Tw [( have killed thousands of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 221.6195 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 208.4196 Tm .01 Tc .0506 Tw (cavity nesting birds, have a look at the following article.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0073 208.4196 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 195.2196 Tm (Also in that newsletter -The Miracle of Sammy. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 531.7371 195.2196 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 338.4064 178.4196 Tm .0092 Tc .0511 Tw (See page-8 -2014 Fall OEBS newsletter. Article -PVC)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0085 178.4196 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 165.2196 Tm -.0262 Tw (Mining Claim Marker Pipes Kill Millions of Cavity Nesting)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 165.2196 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 152.0197 Tm (Birds. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /F2 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 591.942 24.4525 Tm (7)Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC .316 .416 .691 rg /GS1 gs 34.521 24.423 540 4.652 re f EMC Q endstream endobj 260 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 290 0 obj <> endobj 292 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 792 612 -792 re 306 396.015 m W n 0 792.015 612 -792 re W n /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 15.3 0 0 17 50.4044 743.1421 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg 0 Tc 0 Tw (Re: The Ontario Eastern)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 243.4624 743.1421 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 36.0044 722.7421 Tm (Bluebird Society \(OEBS\) and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 265.8332 722.7421 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 36.0044 702.3422 Tm (Halton Blue Bird Club)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 212.1561 702.3422 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 36.0044 674.5422 Tm (2023 NABS AWARDS)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 204.5135 674.5422 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 36.0044 657.5422 Tm (PROGRAM RECIPIENTS)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 230.3472 657.5422 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 36.0044 640.5422 Tm (ANNOUNCED)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15.3 0 0 17 145.7191 640.5422 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 624.6803 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .01 Tc .552 Tw (The North American Bluebird Society’s Awards)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 624.6803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 611.4803 Tm .0315 Tw (Committee and its Board of Directors were pleased at the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 611.4803 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 598.2803 Tm .01 Tc .0763 Tw (increased interest expressed in the Awards program for)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 598.2803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 585.0804 Tm .008 Tc .0523 Tw (2023. We received some very deserving nominations, as)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 585.0804 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 571.8805 Tm .0375 Tw (you are about to see. Please be thinking of those involved)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.006 571.8805 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 558.6805 Tm .01 Tc .2855 Tw (in your state and local bluebird organizations whose)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 558.6805 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 545.4805 Tm -.0019 Tw (actions could qualify for consideration for a NABS Award.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 545.4805 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 532.2806 Tm .0014 Tc .0589 Tw (Have their contributions distinguished them in the areas)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0051 532.2806 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 519.0806 Tm .0045 Tc .0558 Tw (of fieldwork, education/training, methodology, research.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0071 519.0806 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 505.8806 Tm -.0184 Tw (etc.? If so, please consider nominating them for one of our)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.006 505.8806 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 492.6806 Tm (award categories in 2024. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 150.8067 492.6806 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 475.8807 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg (Our 2023 Award Recipients: )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 197.0773 475.8807 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 459.0806 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg (The )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 69.5348 459.0806 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .0074 Tw (Bluebird Conservation Award)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 221.4014 459.0806 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .0071 Tw [( is presented to)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.006 459.0806 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 445.8807 Tm .01 Tc .9591 Tw (individuals, groups or organizations that have)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 445.8807 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 432.6808 Tm .01 Tc .1155 Tw (implemented a new program or method of successfully)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 432.6808 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 419.4808 Tm -.0329 Tw (presenting artificial nesting opportunities to native cavity-)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 406.2809 Tm .01 Tc .4538 Tw (nesting species. Such efforts can be practical \(i.e.,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 406.2809 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 393.0809 Tm .0185 Tw (development of new field techniques\), theoretical, and/or)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 393.0809 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 379.8809 Tm .01 Tc .2499 Tw (educational. This year’s Bluebird Conservation Award)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 379.8809 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 366.681 Tm .0001 Tc .0602 Tw (recipients are )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 98.9391 366.681 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .0634 Tw (the Halton Bluebird Club of Ontario,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0064 366.681 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 353.481 Tm .0023 Tc (Canada )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 77.452 353.481 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg (and )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 97.0277 353.481 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .0612 Tw (the Bluebird Restoration Association)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0064 353.481 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 340.2809 Tm (of Wisconsin \(BRAW\))Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 147.6308 340.2809 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg (. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 152.6871 340.2809 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 165.0814 Tm -.0066 Tc -.0296 Tw [( The Halton Bluebird Club was founded in 1989 and has)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.006 165.0814 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 151.8814 Tm .0058 Tw (been in existence for over 35 years. The club established a)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.006 151.8814 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 138.6815 Tm .0059 Tc .0544 Tw [(bluebird trail at Bronte Provincial Park in Oakville, near)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0062 138.6815 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 125.4816 Tm .0449 Tw (Toronto, Canada, that successfully fledges both bluebirds)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0059 125.4816 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 112.2816 Tm .0095 Tc .0508 Tw (and Tree Swallows each nesting season. They have been)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0057 112.2816 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 99.0816 Tm .01 Tc .6607 Tw (tracking fledging success since 1992 \(see chart\).)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 99.0816 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 85.8817 Tm .01 Tc .1911 Tw (Additionally, the club has an active banding program,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0056 85.8817 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 36.0044 72.6816 Tm (banding close to 550 bluebirds and 200 Tree swallows. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 277.4667 72.6816 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 50.4044 55.8817 Tm .01 Tc .0749 Tw (The Bluebird Restoration Association of Wisconsin’s)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 288.0055 55.8817 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 747.6802 Tm .0567 Tw (\(BRAW\) nomination, submitted by Association Secretary)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 747.6802 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 734.4802 Tm .01 Tc .0858 Tw (Gene Kroupa, was impressive. BRAW has been a NABS)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 734.4802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 721.2802 Tm .0238 Tw (Affiliate for 37 years and its members monitor and report)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 721.2802 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 708.0803 Tm .01 Tc .7368 Tw (data from over 7,000 nestboxes statewide. The)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 708.0803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 694.8802 Tm .0047 Tc .0556 Tw (organization has funded significant research efforts with)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 694.8802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 681.6802 Tm .01 Tc .1635 Tw (Dr. Memuna Khan and her students at Ripon College.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 681.6802 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 668.4803 Tm -.0284 Tw (BRAW serves both members and non-members and keeps)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 668.4803 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 655.2804 Tm .01 Tc .3215 Tw (communication flowing with the publication of their)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 655.2804 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 642.0803 Tm .01 Tc .3739 Tw (quarterly newsletter, Wisconsin Bluebird. They have)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 642.0803 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 628.8805 Tm .01 Tc .1183 Tw (revived their awards program and have nearly doubled)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 628.8805 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 615.6804 Tm -.0083 Tc -.0279 Tw (their membership since 2019 by developing a strategic plan)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 615.6804 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 602.4805 Tm .01 Tc .2408 Tw (that involves updating by-laws and the organization’s)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 602.4805 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 589.2806 Tm -.0066 Tc -.0296 Tw (mission statement in addition to re-engaging lost members)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0094 589.2806 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 576.0806 Tm .0078 Tc .0525 Tw (and attracting new ones through active engagement and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0067 576.0806 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 562.8806 Tm -.002 Tw (promotions. The group has offered to share their strategic)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 562.8806 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 549.6807 Tm .0549 Tw (and marketing plans with other affiliates looking to grow)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 549.6807 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 536.4807 Tm (their memberships.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 409.4712 536.4807 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 338.4064 519.6807 Tm .01 Tc .5827 Tw (Awards for )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 401.3692 519.6807 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .6139 Tw (Bluebird Research )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 512.5275 519.6807 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .5827 Tw (are given to)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 519.6807 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 506.4808 Tm .01 Tc .6791 Tw (individuals or groups who accomplish significant)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 506.4808 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 493.2808 Tm .01 Tc .1083 Tw (laboratory or field research that advances the scientific)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 493.2808 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 480.0807 Tm .01 Tc .3437 Tw (database on bluebirds or other native cavity-nesting)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 480.0807 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 466.8809 Tm .01 Tc .1391 Tw (species and/or for the preparation and presentation of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 466.8809 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 453.6809 Tm .01 Tc .175 Tw (scientific articles and publications that advance public)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0073 453.6809 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 440.481 Tm .01 Tc .1259 Tw (knowledge of bluebirds and other native cavity-nesting)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 440.481 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 427.281 Tm (species.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 357.8539 427.281 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 338.4064 410.481 Tm .0155 Tw (The 2023 )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 382.7614 410.481 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .0164 Tw (Bluebird Research Award)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 513.9703 410.481 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .0155 Tw [( recipients are)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 410.481 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 397.281 Tm -.0017 Tc (the )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 339.9496 397.281 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg -.0363 Tw [(Bluebird Restoration Association of Wisconsin)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0068 397.281 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 384.0811 Tm (\(BRAW\))Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 366.9031 384.0811 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .0004 Tc .0029 Tw ( and the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 402.2327 384.0811 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .0001 Tc .0034 Tw ( Ontario Eastern Bluebird Society)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 573.3394 384.0811 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg 0 Tc 0 Tw (.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 384.0811 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 370.8811 Tm .0013 Tc .059 Tw (The Bluebird Restoration Association of Wisconsin has a)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.007 370.8811 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 357.6812 Tm -.0099 Tw (long tradition of supporting and conducting field research)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 357.6812 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 344.4812 Tm .01 Tc .176 Tw (that provides results in improving nestbox design and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 344.4812 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 331.2811 Tm .01 Tc .4674 Tw (bluebird production. Thanks to its citizen scientist)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 331.2811 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 318.0812 Tm .01 Tc .2629 Tw (members, cooperative efforts with Ripon College and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 318.0812 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 304.8813 Tm .0037 Tc .0566 Tw (financial support from the Carol McDaniel Legacy Fund,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 304.8813 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 291.6812 Tm .01 Tc .2374 Tw [(their research continues. This award focuses on their)10( )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 580.8453 291.6812 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 278.4813 Tm .0254 Tw (2-year Wren Guard Study, completed in 2022, the results)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 278.4813 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 265.2813 Tm .0001 Tw (of which can be found on BRAW’s website, www.braw.org)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0078 265.2813 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 252.0814 Tm .01 Tc 1.5648 Tw (and viewed on Ripon College’s website,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 252.0814 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 238.8814 Tm .01 Tc .1272 Tw (www.ripon.edu/category/research. An article about the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 238.8814 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 225.6815 Tm .01 Tc .2775 Tw (study, “Wren Guards Work in Wisconsin Study” was)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 225.6815 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 212.4815 Tm -.0085 Tc -.0277 Tw (featured in NABS Bluebird Journal, Winter 2022-2023, pg.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0072 212.4815 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 199.2816 Tm (24. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 340.1856 199.2816 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 338.4064 182.4816 Tm .316 .416 .691 rg .01 Tc 1.0267 Tw (The Ontario Eastern Bluebird Society,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 182.4816 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 169.2816 Tm .01 Tc .8287 Tw (established in 1988, has hosted 2 NABS)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 169.2816 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 156.0817 Tm .01 Tc .2868 Tw (Conferences \(1996 and 2010\) )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9.9 0 0 11 488.7485 156.0817 Tm .151 .147 .15 rg .272 Tw (and their Bluebird)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 156.0817 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 142.8817 Tm -.0048 Tc -.0314 Tw (Research nomination focuses on a scientific paper entitled,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 142.8817 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 129.6816 Tm .01 Tc .3357 Tw (“Bluebirds Experience Impaired Hatching Success in)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0076 129.6816 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 116.4818 Tm -.0069 Tc -.0293 Tw (Conventionally Sprayed Apple Orchard Habitats: A 31-year)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0068 116.4818 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 103.2816 Tm .0562 Tw (Study.” Authors of the paper are William F. Read, Simon)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 103.2816 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 90.0818 Tm -.0241 Tw (G. English, Christina G. Hick and Christine A. Bishop. The)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0079 90.0818 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 76.8817 Tm .01 Tc .3231 Tw (results of this study are interesting indeed, and the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0074 76.8817 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 63.6818 Tm .01 Tc .8595 Tw (research paper may be read here: www.setac.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 576.0075 63.6818 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9.9 0 0 11 324.0063 50.4818 Tm (onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/etc.5218 )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /F2 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 15.4553 24.4525 Tm (8)Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC .316 .416 .691 rg /GS1 gs 34.521 24.423 540 4.652 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 1 g 33.129 179.753 257.742 156.984 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC q 258.204 0 0 151.814 33.129 182.349 cm /Im10 Do Q EMC Q endstream endobj 293 0 obj <>/XObject<>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 6 0 obj <> endobj 5 0 obj <> endobj 57 0 obj <>stream ÿØÿî Adobe d€ ÿÛ „ #"""#'''''''''' !! !!''''''''''ÿÀ É Ü" ÿÄ¢ s !1AQa"q2‘¡±B#ÁRÑá3bð$r‚ñ%C4S’¢²csÂ5D'“£³6TdtÃÒâ&ƒ „”EF¤´VÓU(òãóÄÔäôeu…•¥µÅÕåõfv†–¦¶ÆÖæö7GWgw‡—§·Ç×ç÷8HXhxˆ˜¨¸ÈØèø)9IYiy‰™©¹ÉÙéù*:JZjzŠšªºÊÚêú m !1AQa"q‘2¡±ðÁÑá#BRbrñ3$4C‚’S%¢c²ÂsÒ5âDƒT“ &6E'dtU7ò£³Ã()Óã󄔤´ÄÔäôeu…•¥µÅÕåõFVfv†–¦¶ÆÖæöGWgw‡—§·Ç×ç÷8HXhxˆ˜¨¸ÈØèø9IYiy‰™©¹ÉÙéù*:JZjzŠšªºÊÚêúÿÚ ? /XµpÎÚߍ2Ú*á”qÓ""[E Çñ®XZeôÄ¡LÄq)ƒ;ñÀrLXÓJÔïLOzï‚ Â2)R's^˜«í‰R­ ®Â¸”¯JâÌ(0+ššb•ÐGɪpâÝ@Y*ÓE(í“Š”ÉHÅàxMpX “9(ÜI‚4™¤$œ„‹ µåë\Eç÷Äœ¹ñƈٻ`´Ó‹—8²%wËHiÛâ@Û­ãA˜q˜Ÿ|’ §Q‰s®Ç®*£” yŠžKÐüX#¶Ü`ší ”Ò‡ªæH鋪e¬TøíŒaA\E¹LU <§p0:‚Mqäôø®F’‡>ŽÃ-… Æ1ÀBÚ“œlc¹Æ;TÓÊ‹‘V¦~Ø úב«dz`Jÿ S°8. wXzàˆäé’?‚`)-Ø€á0žƒlÂFc× ’Ò*Y‹œ@Šï˜Tfc¶D²Œpâ2ŽÃ-¾!*ņ;–­qàä©mTžøÎõËÊÉ*¢R˜Ù0¦ZfcLŠ1{`šÄ[|¾g‡iYHJ|±Ý1‘µFYl›ZÙƒ çrÌ|0UÄ”ªY±J¬Üâ’í–«Åq¦¸BAL+SËÓç`vÈ’ªDÕ«–ÏÛZHɐJöÀ²nqV“l ,„ž**NÀ|ñK‹PÓŒG|>°òìF·:¬•î,ÔÓoòØoô7ŠïO²Sµ­¼*Ç‘$m‡üYZæ\49d¦Dïçòj9¢, Øœ{Ó|||ÏttŽ:R¬¦8ã¡ó™~üg·Šr¢ ²€Ûu¥:ýùyìÉtËO!ɇæGóJFO†0áÍÝ…•Ô/y¤±w–ѺŽÿ £ ÎaeÃ