file-format

Crate for determining the file format of a given file or stream.

It provides a variety of functions for identifying a wide range of file formats, including ZIP, Compound File Binary (CFB), Extensible Markup Language (XML) and more.

It checks the signature of the file to determine its format and intelligently employs specific readers when available for accurate identification. If the signature is not recognized, the crate falls back to the default file format, which is Arbitrary Binary Data (BIN).

Examples

Determines from a file:

use file_format::{FileFormat, Kind};

let fmt = FileFormat::from_file("fixtures/document/sample.pdf")?;
assert_eq!(fmt, FileFormat::PortableDocumentFormat);
assert_eq!(fmt.name(), "Portable Document Format");
assert_eq!(fmt.short_name(), Some("PDF"));
assert_eq!(fmt.media_type(), "application/pdf");
assert_eq!(fmt.extension(), "pdf");
assert_eq!(fmt.kind(), Kind::Document);

Determines from bytes:

use file_format::{FileFormat, Kind};

let fmt = FileFormat::from_bytes(&[0xFF, 0xD8, 0xFF]);
assert_eq!(fmt, FileFormat::JointPhotographicExpertsGroup);
assert_eq!(fmt.name(), "Joint Photographic Experts Group");
assert_eq!(fmt.short_name(), Some("JPEG"));
assert_eq!(fmt.media_type(), "image/jpeg");
assert_eq!(fmt.extension(), "jpg");
assert_eq!(fmt.kind(), Kind::Image);

Usage

Add this to your Cargo.toml:

[dependencies]
file-format = "0.26"

Crate features

All features below are disabled by default.

Reader features

These features enable the detection of file formats that require a specific reader for identification.

• reader - Enables all reader features.
• reader-asf - Enables Advanced Systems Format (ASF) based file formats detection.
• reader-cfb - Enables Compound File Binary (CFB) based file formats detection.
• reader-ebml - Enables Extensible Binary Meta Language (EBML) based file formats detection.
• reader-exe - Enables MS-DOS Executable (EXE) based file formats detection.
• reader-id3v2 - Enables ID3v2 (ID3) based file formats detection.
• reader-mp4 - Enables MPEG-4 Part 14 (MP4) based file formats detection.
• reader-pdf - Enables Portable Document Format (PDF) based file formats detection.
• reader-rm - Enables RealMedia (RM) based file formats detection.
• reader-sqlite3 - Enables SQLite 3 based file formats detection.
• reader-txt - Enables Plain Text (TXT) file format detection.
• reader-xml - Enables Extensible Markup Language (XML) based file formats detection.
• reader-zip - Enables ZIP-based file formats detection.

Supported file formats

Archive

• 7-Zip (7Z)
• ACE
• ALZ
• Archived by Robert Jung (ARJ)
• Cabinet (CAB)
• Extensible Archive (XAR)
• LArc (LZS)
• LHA
• Mozilla Archive (MAR)
• Multi Layer Archive (MLA)
• PMarc (PMA)
• Roshal Archive (RAR)
• SeqBox (SBX)
• Squashfs
• StuffIt (SIT)
• StuffIt X (SITX)
• Tape Archive (TAR)
• UNIX archiver (archiver)
• Windows Imaging Format (WIM)
• ZIP
• ZPAQ
• cpio
• zoo

Audio

• 8-Bit Sampled Voice (8SVX)
• Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR)
• Advanced Audio Coding (AAC)
• Apple iTunes Audio (M4A)
• Apple iTunes Audiobook (M4B)
• Apple iTunes Protected Audio (M4P)
• Au
• Audio Codec 3 (AC-3)
• Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF)
• Audio Visual Research (AVR)
• Creative Voice (VOC)
• FastTracker 2 Extended Module (XM)
• Flash MP4 Audio (F4A)
• Flash MP4 Audiobook (F4B)
• Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC)
• Impulse Tracker Module (IT)
• MPEG-1/2 Audio Layer 2 (MP2)
• MPEG-1/2 Audio Layer 3 (MP3)
• MPEG-4 Part 14 Audio (MP4)
• Matroska Audio (MKA)
• Monkey's Audio (APE)
• Musepack (MPC)
• Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI)
• Ogg FLAC (OGA)
• Ogg Opus (Opus)
• Ogg Speex (Speex)
• Ogg Vorbis (Vorbis)
• Qualcomm PureVoice (QCP)
• Quite OK Audio (QOA)
• RealAudio (RA)
• Scream Tracker 3 Module (S3M)
• Sony DSD Stream File (DSF)
• SoundFont 2 (SF2)
• Ultimate Soundtracker Module (MOD)
• WavPack (WV)
• Waveform Audio (WAV)
• Windows Media Audio (WMA)

Compressed

• BZip3 (BZ3)
• LZ4
• Lempel-Ziv Finite State Entropy (LZFSE)
• Lempel-Ziv-Markov chain algorithm (LZMA)
• Long Range ZIP (LRZIP)
• Snappy
• UNIX compress (compress)
• XZ
• Zstandard (zstd)
• bzip (BZ)
• bzip2 (BZ2)
• gzip (GZ)
• lzip (LZ)
• lzop (LZO)
• rzip (RZ)

Database

• Microsoft Access 2007 Database (ACCDB)
• Microsoft Access Database (MDB)
• Microsoft Works Database (WDB)
• OpenDocument Database (ODB)
• SQLite 3

Diagram

• Circuit Diagram Document (CDDX)
• Microsoft Visio Drawing (VSD)
• Office Open XML Drawing (VSDX)
• StarChart (SDS)
• draw.io (DRAWIO)

Disk

• Amiga Disk File (ADF)
• Apple Disk Image (DMG)
• ISO 9660 (ISO)
• Microsoft Virtual Hard Disk (VHD)
• Microsoft Virtual Hard Disk 2 (VHDX)
• QEMU Copy On Write (QCOW)
• Virtual Machine Disk (VMDK)
• VirtualBox Virtual Disk Image (VDI)

Document

• AbiWord (ABW)
• AbiWord Template (AWT)
• Adobe InDesign Document (INDD)
• DjVu
• InDesign Markup Language (IDML)
• LaTeX (TeX)
• Microsoft Publisher Document (PUB)
• Microsoft Word Document (DOC)
• Microsoft Works Word Processor (WPS)
• Microsoft Write (WRI)
• Office Open XML Document (DOCX)
• OpenDocument Text (ODT)
• OpenDocument Text Master (ODM)
• OpenDocument Text Master Template (OTM)
• OpenDocument Text Template (OTT)
• OpenXPS (OXPS)
• Portable Document Format (PDF)
• PostScript (PS)
• Rich Text Format (RTF)
• StarWriter (SDW)
• Sun XML Writer (SXW)
• Sun XML Writer Global (SGW)
• Sun XML Writer Template (STW)
• Uniform Office Format Text (UOT)
• WordPerfect Document (WPD)

Ebook

• Broad Band eBook (BBeB)
• Electronic Publication (EPUB)
• FictionBook (FB2)
• FictionBook ZIP (FBZ)
• Microsoft Reader (LIT)
• Mobipocket (MOBI)

Executable

• Commodore 64 Program (PRG)
• Common Object File Format (COFF)
• Dalvik Executable (DEX)
• Dynamic Link Library (DLL)
• Executable and Linkable Format (ELF)
• Java Class
• LLVM Bitcode (BC)
• Linear Executable (LE)
• Lua Bytecode
• MS-DOS Executable (EXE)
• Mach-O
• New Executable (NE)
• Nintendo Switch Executable (NSO)
• Optimized Dalvik Executable (DEY)
• Portable Executable (PE)
• WebAssembly Binary (Wasm)
• Xbox 360 Executable (XEX)
• Xbox Executable (XBE)

Font

• BMFont ASCII (FNT)
• BMFont Binary (FNT)
• Embedded OpenType (EOT)
• Glyphs
• OpenType (OTF)
• TrueType (TTF)
• Web Open Font Format (WOFF)
• Web Open Font Format 2 (WOFF2)

Formula

• Mathematical Markup Language (MathML)
• OpenDocument Formula (ODF)
• OpenDocument Formula Template (OTF)
• StarMath (SMF)
• Sun XML Math (SXM)

Geospatial

• Flexible and Interoperable Data Transfer (FIT)
• GPS Exchange Format (GPX)
• Geography Markup Language (GML)
• Keyhole Markup Language (KML)
• Keyhole Markup Language ZIP (KMZ)
• Shapefile (SHP)
• Training Center XML (TCX)

Image

• AV1 Image File Format (AVIF)
• AV1 Image File Format Sequence (AVIFS)
• Adaptable Scalable Texture Compression (ASTC)
• Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI)
• Adobe Photoshop Document (PSD)
• Animated Portable Network Graphics (APNG)
• Apple Icon Image (ICNS)
• Better Portable Graphics (BPG)
• Canon Raw (CRW)
• Canon Raw 2 (CR2)
• Canon Raw 3 (CR3)
• Cineon (CIN)
• Digital Picture Exchange (DPX)
• Encapsulated PostScript (EPS)
• Experimental Computing Facility (XCF)
• Free Lossless Image Format (FLIF)
• Fujifilm Raw (RAF)
• Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)
• High Efficiency Image Coding (HEIC)
• High Efficiency Image Coding Sequence (HEICS)
• High Efficiency Image File Format (HEIF)
• High Efficiency Image File Format Sequence (HEIFS)
• JPEG 2000 Codestream (J2C)
• JPEG 2000 Part 1 (JP2)
• JPEG 2000 Part 2 (JPX)
• JPEG 2000 Part 6 (JPM)
• JPEG Extended Range (JXR)
• JPEG Network Graphics (JNG)
• JPEG XL (JXL)
• JPEG-LS (JLS)
• Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG)
• Khronos Texture (KTX)
• Khronos Texture 2 (KTX2)
• Magick Image File Format (MIFF)
• Microsoft DirectDraw Surface (DDS)
• Multiple-image Network Graphics (MNG)
• Nikon Electronic File (NEF)
• Olympus Raw Format (ORF)
• OpenDocument Graphics (ODG)
• OpenDocument Graphics Template (OTG)
• OpenEXR (EXR)
• OpenRaster (ORA)
• Panasonic Raw (RW2)
• Picture Exchange (PCX)
• Portable Arbitrary Map (PAM)
• Portable BitMap (PBM)
• Portable FloatMap (PFM)
• Portable GrayMap (PGM)
• Portable Network Graphics (PNG)
• Portable PixMap (PPM)
• Quite OK Image (QOI)
• Radiance HDR (HDR)
• Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)
• Silicon Graphics Image (SGI)
• Sketch
• Sketch 43
• StarDraw (SDA)
• Sun XML Draw (SXD)
• Sun XML Draw Template (STD)
• Tag Image File Format (TIFF)
• WebP
• Windows Animated Cursor (ANI)
• Windows Bitmap (BMP)
• Windows Cursor (CUR)
• Windows Icon (ICO)
• Windows Metafile (WMF)
• WordPerfect Graphics (WPG)
• X PixMap (XPM)
• farbfeld (FF)

Metadata

• Android Binary XML (AXML)
• BitTorrent (Torrent)
• CD Audio (CDA)
• ID3v2 (ID3)
• Meta Information Encapsulation (MIE)
• TASTy
• Windows Shortcut (LNK)
• macOS Alias

Model

• 3D Manufacturing Format (3MF)
• 3D Studio (3DS)
• 3D Studio Max (MAX)
• Additive Manufacturing Format (AMF)
• AutoCAD Drawing (DWG)
• Autodesk 123D (123DX)
• Autodesk Alias (WIRE)
• Autodesk Inventor Assembly (IAM)
• Autodesk Inventor Drawing (IDW)
• Autodesk Inventor Part (IPT)
• Autodesk Inventor Presentation (IPN)
• Blender (BLEND)
• Cinema 4D (C4D)
• Collaborative Design Activity (COLLADA)
• Design Web Format (DWF)
• Design Web Format XPS (DWFX)
• Drawing Exchange Format ASCII (DXF)
• Drawing Exchange Format Binary (DXF)
• Extensible 3D (X3D)
• Filmbox (FBX)
• Fusion 360 (F3D)
• GL Transmission Format Binary (GLB)
• Google Draco (Draco)
• Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES)
• Inter-Quake Export (IQE)
• Inter-Quake Model (IQM)
• MagicaVoxel (VOX)
• Maya ASCII (MA)
• Maya Binary (MB)
• Model 3D ASCII (A3D)
• Model 3D Binary (M3D)
• Polygon ASCII (PLY)
• Polygon Binary (PLY)
• SketchUp (SKP)
• SolidWorks Assembly (SLDASM)
• SolidWorks Drawing (SLDDRW)
• SolidWorks Part (SLDPRT)
• SpaceClaim Document (SCDOC)
• Standard for the Exchange of Product model data (STEP)
• Stereolithography ASCII (STL)
• Universal 3D (U3D)
• Universal Scene Description ASCII (USDA)
• Universal Scene Description Binary (USDC)
• Universal Scene Description ZIP (USDZ)
• Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML)
• openNURBS (3DM)

Other

• ActiveMime (MSO)
• Advanced Systems Format (ASF)
• Android Resource Storage Container (ARSC)
• Apache Arrow Columnar (Arrow)
• Apache Avro (Avro)
• Apache Parquet (Parquet)
• Arbitrary Binary Data (BIN)
• Atom
• Clojure Script
• Compound File Binary (CFB)
• DER Certificate (DER)
• Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)
• Empty
• Extensible Binary Meta Language (EBML)
• Extensible Markup Language (XML)
• Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (XSLT)
• Flash CS5 Project (FLA)
• Flash Project (FLA)
• Flexible Image Transport System (FITS)
• HyperText Markup Language (HTML)
• ICC Profile (ICC)
• JSON Feed
• Java KeyStore (JKS)
• Lua Script
• MPEG-4 Part 14 (MP4)
• MS-DOS Batch (Batch)
• Microsoft Compiled HTML Help (CHM)
• Microsoft Project Plan (MPP)
• Microsoft Visual Studio Solution (SLN)
• MusicXML
• MusicXML ZIP (MXL)
• Ogg Multiplexed Media (OGX)
• PCAP Dump (PCAP)
• PCAP Next Generation Dump (PCAPNG)
• PEM Certificate (PEM)
• PEM Certificate Signing Request (PEM)
• PEM Private Key (PEM)
• PEM Public Key (PEM)
• PGP Message (PGP)
• PGP Private Key Block (PGP)
• PGP Public Key Block (PGP)
• PGP Signature (PGP)
• PGP Signed Message (PGP)
• Perl Script
• Personal Storage Table (PST)
• Plain Text (TXT)
• Python Script
• RealMedia (RM)
• Really Simple Syndication (RSS)
• Ruby Script
• Shell Script
• Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)
• Small Web Format (SWF)
• Tiled Map XML (TMX)
• Tiled Tileset XML (TSX)
• Tool Command Language Script (Tcl Script)
• WebAssembly Text (WAT)
• WordPerfect Macro (WPM)
• XML Localization Interchange File Format (XLIFF)
• age encryption
• gettext Machine Object (MO)
• iCalendar (ICS)
• vCalendar (VCS)
• vCard (VCF)

Package

• Adobe Integrated Runtime (AIR)
• Android App Bundle (AAB)
• Android Package (APK)
• AppImage
• Debian Package (DEB)
• Enterprise Application Archive (EAR)
• Google Chrome Extension (CRX)
• Java Archive (JAR)
• Microsoft Software Installer (MSI)
• Microsoft Visual Studio Extension (VSIX)
• Nintendo Switch Package (NSP)
• Red Hat Package Manager (RPM)
• Web Application Archive (WAR)
• Windows App Bundle (APPXBUNDLE)
• Windows App Package (APPX)
• XAP
• XPInstall (XPI)
• iOS App Store Package (IPA)

Playlist

• Advanced Stream Redirector (ASX)
• MP3 URL (M3U)
• MPEG-DASH MPD (MPD)
• SHOUTcast Playlist (PLS)
• Windows Media Playlist (WPL)
• XML Shareable Playlist Format (XSPF)

Presentation

• Corel Presentations (SHW)
• Corel Presentations 7 (SHW)
• Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation (PPT)
• Office Open XML Presentation (PPTX)
• OpenDocument Presentation (ODP)
• OpenDocument Presentation Template (OTP)
• StarImpress (SDD)
• Sun XML Impress (SXI)
• Sun XML Impress Template (STI)
• Uniform Office Format Presentation (UOP)
• WordPerfect Presentations (SHW)

ROM

• Atari 7800 ROM (A78)
• Commodore 64 Cartridge (CRT)
• Game Boy Advance ROM (GBA)
• Game Boy Color ROM (GBC)
• Game Boy ROM (GB)
• Game Gear ROM (GG)
• Mega Drive ROM (MD)
• Neo Geo Pocket Color ROM (NGC)
• Neo Geo Pocket ROM (NGP)
• Nintendo 64 ROM (Z64)
• Nintendo DS ROM (NDS)
• Nintendo Entertainment System ROM (NES)
• Nintendo Switch ROM (XCI)
• Sega Master System ROM (SMS)

Spreadsheet

• Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet (XLS)
• Microsoft Works 6 Spreadsheet (XLR)
• Microsoft Works Spreadsheet (WKS)
• Office Open XML Spreadsheet (XLSX)
• OpenDocument Spreadsheet (ODS)
• OpenDocument Spreadsheet Template (OTS)
• StarCalc (SDC)
• Sun XML Calc (SXC)
• Sun XML Calc Template (STC)
• Uniform Office Format Spreadsheet (UOS)

Subtitle

• MPEG-4 Part 14 Subtitles (MP4)
• Matroska Subtitles (MKS)
• SubRip Text (SRT)
• Timed Text Markup Language (TTML)
• Universal Subtitle Format (USF)
• Web Video Text Tracks (WebVTT)

Video

• 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)
• 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2)
• Actions Media Video (AMV)
• Apple QuickTime (MOV)
• Apple iTunes Video (M4V)
• Audio Video Interleave (AVI)
• Autodesk Animator (FLI)
• Autodesk Animator Pro (FLC)
• BDAV MPEG-2 Transport Stream (M2TS)
• Flash MP4 Protected Video (F4P)
• Flash MP4 Video (F4V)
• Flash Video (FLV)
• JPEG 2000 Part 3 (MJ2)
• MPEG-1/2 Video (MPG)
• MPEG-2 Transport Stream (TS)
• MPEG-4 Part 14 Video (MP4)
• MTV
• Material Exchange Format (MXF)
• Matroska 3D Video (MK3D)
• Matroska Video (MKV)
• Microsoft Digital Video Recording (DVR-MS)
• Ogg Media (OGM)
• Ogg Theora (Theora)
• RealVideo (RV)
• Silicon Graphics Movie (SGI)
• Sony Movie (MQV)
• WebM
• Windows Media Video (WMV)
• Windows Recorded TV Show (WTV)

Fixtures

The fixtures are samples of file formats used for testing purposes, located in the fixtures directory and organized by kind in subdirectories. These samples are often intentionally truncated to reduce size, which can sometimes prevent them from being fully decoded by compatible software.

License

This project is licensed under either of:

• Apache License, Version 2.0
• MIT license