Phytochemical investigation of Aglaia duppereana flowers led to the isolation of a new rocaglamid... more Phytochemical investigation of Aglaia duppereana flowers led to the isolation of a new rocaglamide derivative and twelve known congeners. The structure of the new compound was unambiguously elucidated by spectroscopic techniques (1D- and 2D-NMR, HRESIMS). The isolated compounds exhibited a potent cytotoxic activity against mouse lymphoma (L5178Y) cells with EC50 values ranging from 5.1 to 54.8 nM.
The leaves of Magnolia grandz@ora afforded in addition to costunolide diepoxide and parthenolide ... more The leaves of Magnolia grandz@ora afforded in addition to costunolide diepoxide and parthenolide a guaianolide named magnograndiolide.
Screening studies have shown a number of microorganisms capable of transforming the stemodane dit... more Screening studies have shown a number of microorganisms capable of transforming the stemodane diterpene, stemodin. Scale-up fermentation with Cunninghamella echinulata ATCC 9244 and Polyangium cellulosum ATCC 29610 have resulted in the production of five major metabolites that have been characterized with the use of 2D NMR techniques.
The endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum was isolated from a fresh stem of the Moroccan plant C... more The endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum was isolated from a fresh stem of the Moroccan plant Ceratonia siliqua. Extracts of P. citrinum grown on rice and white bean media yielded five new compounds, namely, citriquinochroman (1), tanzawaic acids G and H (2 and 3), 6-methylcurvulinic acid (4), 8-methoxy-3,5-dimethylisoquinolin-6-ol (5), and one new natural product, 1,2,3,11b-tetrahydroquinolactacide (6), which had previously been described as a synthetic compound. In addition, 13 known compounds including seven alkaloids and six polyketides were isolated. The structures of the new compounds were unambiguously determined on the basis of one-and twodimensional NMR spectroscopy as well as by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Citriquinochroman (1) features a new skeleton, consisting of quinolactacide and (3S)-6-hydroxy-8-methoxy-3,5-dimethylisochroman linked by a C−C bond. 1,2,3,11b-Tetrahydroquinolactacide (6) may be a biogenetic precursor of quinolactacide. Citriquinochroman (1) showed cytotoxicity against the murine lymphoma L5178Y cell line with an IC 50 value of 6.1 μM, while the other compounds were inactive (IC 50 >10 μM) in this assay.
Ethyl (coumarin-4-oxy)acetate 1 was prepared through the reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin with ethyl... more Ethyl (coumarin-4-oxy)acetate 1 was prepared through the reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin with ethyl bromoacetate. Compound 1 was allowed to react with hydrazine hydrate to produce coumarin-4-oxyacetic hydrazide 2. The synthesis of N-(arylidene and alkylidene)-coumarin-4-oxyacetic hydrazones 3-20 was performed. The preparation of 2-substituted-3-[(coumarin-4-oxy) acetamido]thiazolidinones 21-26 and 2-[(coumarin-4-oxy)methyl]-4-acetyl-5-substituted-delta2-1,3,4-oxadiazolines 27-33 was performed by the reaction of the hydrazones 3, 4, 7, 9, 12, 14 with mercaptoacetic acid and the hydrazones 3, 4, 5, 7, 12, 15, 16 with acetic anhydride, respectively. The antiviral activities, cytotoxicities and structure-activity relationship (SAR) towards different microorganisms of the prepared compounds were studied.
The ultimate position of substituted 2-aminothiophenes in the field of drug design and synthesis ... more The ultimate position of substituted 2-aminothiophenes in the field of drug design and synthesis of pharmaceuticals comes from their advantageous properties. The thiophene ring is bioisosteric replacement for the phenyl group broadly present in active drugs; the thiophene core exists in many natural and synthetic pharmaceuticals (1, 2). In the present work, ethyl-2-aminothiophene-3-carboxylic was expressed as a synthone for many new condensed heterocyclic systems viz. thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine, thienylthiourea, thienylacetamide, thienylcarbohydrazide. Fused and polyfunctional substituted thiophene play an important role, especially when linked to a pyrimidine ring; thienopyri-311 Acta Pharm. 60 (2010) 311-323 Original research paper A. A. Abu-Hashem et al.: Design and synthesis of novel thiophenecarbohydrazide, thienopyrazole and thienopyrimidine derivatives as antioxidant and antitumor agents, Acta Pharm. 60 (2010) 311-323.
Species of the marine red algae Laurencia, are known to exhibit bromine and chlorine-containing C... more Species of the marine red algae Laurencia, are known to exhibit bromine and chlorine-containing C 15 nonterpenoid metabolites. 1) Among these, are the unusual cyclic ethers, with a pentadec-3-en-1-yne carbon skeleton. The isolation of trans and cis-laurediols from L. nipponica indicated an evidence that, cyclic ether enynes were raised from linear C 15 acetylenic polyenes, through oxidation and cyclization processes. 2) Several maneonenes (halogenated cyclic ether enyne) were isolated from the genus Laurencia, 3-9) the fundamental differences between them is either geometry (through C 3 -C 4 and/or C 12 -C 13 ) and/or stereochemical configuration (C 5 , C 6 and C 11 ).
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is used in the household and as an ingredient in many pharmaceutical p... more Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is used in the household and as an ingredient in many pharmaceutical products. Tissue culture technique provides an excellent source for induction of both chemical and genetic variation in garlic. A callus was induced on root meristem cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium in the presence of kinetin, indole acetic acid, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Shoots with a small bulb were produced on medium containing MS salts, B vitamins, and naphthalene acetic acid. Regenerated plants were transplanted into soil, and a nondivided bulb was formed in the first somaclonal generation (SCI). Plants were normal in their phenotypes in SC2. After four cycles of field cultivation, the selected somaclones (variants) in the fourth generation showed significant differences in bulb character compared with the original plants. Mitotic division and chromosomal abnormalities were investigated in meristimic root tip cells of regenerated plants for the first and fourth regeneration and for control plants. Somaclonal variant metaphase cells had the same chromosome number (2n = 16) as those of the controls. Allicin was measured quantitatively in the regenerated clones by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that some clones contained as much as 14.50 mg/g allicin, compared with 3.80 mg/g in the control plant. This finding suggests that this technique may be useful to improve the allicin content of Egyptian garlic, which could be utilized as a good source for garlic-containing pharmaceutical preparations.
Selected natural compounds were evaluated for their effects on dental caries due to different str... more Selected natural compounds were evaluated for their effects on dental caries due to different strains of Streptococcus mutans bacteria. Out of 39 tested compounds, four (catechol, emetine, quinine, and flavone) showed potent inhibitory activity on different strains of S. mutans at 6.25 microg/mL or less with inhibition of adherence <50%, two compounds (5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy isoflavone and ellagic acid) exhibited a moderate inhibitory effect at 12.5 microg/mL with inhibition to adherence <50%, and 12 compounds exhibited weak antibacterial activity at 125 microg/mL or more with inhibition of adherence <25%. These compounds represent three major classes of natural products: tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Further study for possible application of these compounds as inhibitors for dental caries is underway.
The immunomodulatory bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanolic extract of henna (Lawsonia i... more The immunomodulatory bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanolic extract of henna (Lawsonia inermis L.; syn. Lawsonia alba L.) leaves resulted in the isolation of seven compounds; three have been isolated for the first time from the genus, namely p-coumaric acid, 2-methoxy-3-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and apiin, along with the previously isolated compounds: lawsone, apigenin, luteolin, and cosmosiin. Structural elucidation of the isolated compounds was based upon their physical, chemical as well as spectroscopic characters. Their immuomodulatory profile was studied using an in vitro immunoassay, the lymphocyte transformation assay. The ABTS [2,2Ј-azino-bis (3-ethyl benzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)], free radical scavenging assay depicted that all isolated compounds exhibited antioxidant activity comparable to that of ascorbic acid.
The mammalian pineal hormone melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), an aminoindole produced by... more The mammalian pineal hormone melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), an aminoindole produced by the metabolism of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), has been shown to be a potent scavenger for the highly toxic hydroxyl radical. Three substances that are very important in animal physiology (e.g., in brain metabolism) are noradrenaline, histamine, and serotonin; all three occur in plants. Here we report that serotonin, tryptamine, and melatonin were found in some edible and medicinal plants in Egypt. The results of this screening showed that the pulp of underripe and ripe yellow banana contains 5-hydroxytryptamine at concentrations of 31.4 and 18.5 ng/g, respectively. Corn, rice, barley grains, and ginger showed the highest concentrations of melatonin, at 187.8, 149.8, 87.3, 142.3 ng/100 g, respectively. On the other hand, potato samples were free from all indolamines. Pomegranate and strawberry showed a low level of indolamines (8-12 mg/g serotonin, 4-9 mg/g tryptamine, and 13-29 ng/100 g melatonin). 153
New series of 1,2,4-triazolopyrimidine and 1,2,4-triazoloquinazoline derivatives were designed, s... more New series of 1,2,4-triazolopyrimidine and 1,2,4-triazoloquinazoline derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antitumor activity. Compounds 6, 11, 26, 29, 41, 44, 48, 49 and 58 were tested as antitumor agents by the use of DNA-binding assay on TLC-plates, colorimetric assay for the degree of DNA-binding (Methyl green-DNA displacement assay), evaluation of antineoplastic activity against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma in mice, and finally modulation of apoptosis. 5-Flurouracil, vitamin C and ethidium bromide were used as positive controls in these techniques. Compound 26 proved to be the most active member of these series as antitumor agent with IC50 value of 47 ± 1. Several characteristic features were observed to be essential for activity such as the morpholine group and the phenylazo group, in addition the electron-withdrawing groups favor the activity than the electron-donating ones.
The immunomodulatory bioassay-guided fractionation of the oleogum resin of frankincense (Boswelli... more The immunomodulatory bioassay-guided fractionation of the oleogum resin of frankincense (Boswellia carterii Bird wood) resulted in the isolation and identification of 9 compounds; palmitic acid and eight triterpenoids belonging to lupane, ursane, oleanane, and tirucallane skeleta were isolated form the resin. These triterpenoids are lupeol, -boswellic acid, 11-keto--boswellic acid, acetyl -boswellic acid, acetyl 11-keto--boswellic acid, acetylα-boswellic acid, 3-oxo-tirucallic acid, and 3-hydroxy-tirucallic acid. The structures of the isolated compounds were deduced based on spectroscopic evidences. The lymphocyte transformation assay of the isolated compounds proved that the total extract retained more activity than that of any of the purified compounds.
2014 International Conference on Engineering and Technology (ICET), 2014
Hepatitis C virus is a massive health issue affecting significant portions of the world's populat... more Hepatitis C virus is a massive health issue affecting significant portions of the world's population. Applying data preprocessing, feature reduction techniques and generating rules based on the selected features for classification tasks are considered as important steps in the knowledge discovery in databases. Medical experts analyze the generated rules to find out the most significant rules to apply in order to classify unseen real life cases. This paper highlights a hybrid Rough-Genetic algorithm model that uses the advantages of Rough set as a powerful analysis tool to identify the most relevant attributes. Rough sets are used to generate a set of reducts which consist of a minimal set of attributes and induce a set of decision rules. On the other hand, Genetic Algorithm is used to optimize and improve the rules induced using Rough Sets for classifying studied cases for testing new medication for HCV treatment. The experimental results obtained, show that the overall classification accuracy offered by the proposed Model is a superlative result.
Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2014
Case Based Reasoning (CBR) is the first choice in experience-based problems as diagnosis. However... more Case Based Reasoning (CBR) is the first choice in experience-based problems as diagnosis. However, building a case base for CBR is a challenging. Electronic Health Record (EHR) data can provide a starting point for building case base, but it needs a set of preprocessing steps. In this paper, we propose a case-base preparation framework for CBR systems. This framework consists of three main phases including data preparation, fuzzification, and coding. This paper will focus only on the data-preprocessing phase to prepare the EHR database as a knowledge source for CBR cases. It will use many machine-learning algorithms for feature selection and weighing, normalization, and others. As a case study, we will apply these algorithms on diabetes diagnosis data set. To check the effect of data preparation steps, a CBR prototype will being designed for diabetes diagnosis and prediction of its complications as kidney failure. The results show an enhancement to the case retrieval process of the implemented CBR system.
The mammalian pineal hormone melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), an aminoindole produced by... more The mammalian pineal hormone melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), an aminoindole produced by the metabolism of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), has been shown to be a potent scavenger for the highly toxic hydroxyl radical. Three substances that are very important in animal physiology (e.g., in brain metabolism) are noradrenaline, histamine, and serotonin; all three occur in plants. Here we report that serotonin, tryptamine, and melatonin were found in some edible and medicinal plants in Egypt. The results of this screening showed that the pulp of underripe and ripe yellow banana contains 5-hydroxytryptamine at concentrations of 31.4 and 18.5 ng/g, respectively. Corn, rice, barley grains, and ginger showed the highest concentrations of melatonin, at 187.8, 149.8, 87.3, 142.3 ng/100 g, respectively. On the other hand, potato samples were free from all indolamines. Pomegranate and strawberry showed a low level of indolamines (8-12 mg/g serotonin, 4-9 mg/g tryptamine, and 13-29 ng/100 g melatonin). 153
Selected natural compounds were evaluated for their effects on dental caries due to different str... more Selected natural compounds were evaluated for their effects on dental caries due to different strains of Streptococcus mutans bacteria. Out of 39 tested compounds, four (catechol, emetine, quinine, and flavone) showed potent inhibitory activity on different strains of S. mutans at 6.25 microg/mL or less with inhibition of adherence <50%, two compounds (5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy isoflavone and ellagic acid) exhibited a moderate inhibitory effect at 12.5 microg/mL with inhibition to adherence <50%, and 12 compounds exhibited weak antibacterial activity at 125 microg/mL or more with inhibition of adherence <25%. These compounds represent three major classes of natural products: tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Further study for possible application of these compounds as inhibitors for dental caries is underway.
Selected natural compounds were evaluated for their effects on dental caries due to different str... more Selected natural compounds were evaluated for their effects on dental caries due to different strains of Streptococcus mutans bacteria. Out of 39 tested compounds, four (catechol, emetine, quinine, and flavone) showed potent inhibitory activity on different strains of S. mutans at 6.25 microg/mL or less with inhibition of adherence <50%, two compounds (5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy isoflavone and ellagic acid) exhibited a moderate inhibitory effect at 12.5 microg/mL with inhibition to adherence <50%, and 12 compounds exhibited weak antibacterial activity at 125 microg/mL or more with inhibition of adherence <25%. These compounds represent three major classes of natural products: tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Further study for possible application of these compounds as inhibitors for dental caries is underway.
Phytochemical investigation of Aglaia duppereana flowers led to the isolation of a new rocaglamid... more Phytochemical investigation of Aglaia duppereana flowers led to the isolation of a new rocaglamide derivative and twelve known congeners. The structure of the new compound was unambiguously elucidated by spectroscopic techniques (1D- and 2D-NMR, HRESIMS). The isolated compounds exhibited a potent cytotoxic activity against mouse lymphoma (L5178Y) cells with EC50 values ranging from 5.1 to 54.8 nM.
The leaves of Magnolia grandz@ora afforded in addition to costunolide diepoxide and parthenolide ... more The leaves of Magnolia grandz@ora afforded in addition to costunolide diepoxide and parthenolide a guaianolide named magnograndiolide.
Screening studies have shown a number of microorganisms capable of transforming the stemodane dit... more Screening studies have shown a number of microorganisms capable of transforming the stemodane diterpene, stemodin. Scale-up fermentation with Cunninghamella echinulata ATCC 9244 and Polyangium cellulosum ATCC 29610 have resulted in the production of five major metabolites that have been characterized with the use of 2D NMR techniques.
The endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum was isolated from a fresh stem of the Moroccan plant C... more The endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum was isolated from a fresh stem of the Moroccan plant Ceratonia siliqua. Extracts of P. citrinum grown on rice and white bean media yielded five new compounds, namely, citriquinochroman (1), tanzawaic acids G and H (2 and 3), 6-methylcurvulinic acid (4), 8-methoxy-3,5-dimethylisoquinolin-6-ol (5), and one new natural product, 1,2,3,11b-tetrahydroquinolactacide (6), which had previously been described as a synthetic compound. In addition, 13 known compounds including seven alkaloids and six polyketides were isolated. The structures of the new compounds were unambiguously determined on the basis of one-and twodimensional NMR spectroscopy as well as by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Citriquinochroman (1) features a new skeleton, consisting of quinolactacide and (3S)-6-hydroxy-8-methoxy-3,5-dimethylisochroman linked by a C−C bond. 1,2,3,11b-Tetrahydroquinolactacide (6) may be a biogenetic precursor of quinolactacide. Citriquinochroman (1) showed cytotoxicity against the murine lymphoma L5178Y cell line with an IC 50 value of 6.1 μM, while the other compounds were inactive (IC 50 >10 μM) in this assay.
Ethyl (coumarin-4-oxy)acetate 1 was prepared through the reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin with ethyl... more Ethyl (coumarin-4-oxy)acetate 1 was prepared through the reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin with ethyl bromoacetate. Compound 1 was allowed to react with hydrazine hydrate to produce coumarin-4-oxyacetic hydrazide 2. The synthesis of N-(arylidene and alkylidene)-coumarin-4-oxyacetic hydrazones 3-20 was performed. The preparation of 2-substituted-3-[(coumarin-4-oxy) acetamido]thiazolidinones 21-26 and 2-[(coumarin-4-oxy)methyl]-4-acetyl-5-substituted-delta2-1,3,4-oxadiazolines 27-33 was performed by the reaction of the hydrazones 3, 4, 7, 9, 12, 14 with mercaptoacetic acid and the hydrazones 3, 4, 5, 7, 12, 15, 16 with acetic anhydride, respectively. The antiviral activities, cytotoxicities and structure-activity relationship (SAR) towards different microorganisms of the prepared compounds were studied.
The ultimate position of substituted 2-aminothiophenes in the field of drug design and synthesis ... more The ultimate position of substituted 2-aminothiophenes in the field of drug design and synthesis of pharmaceuticals comes from their advantageous properties. The thiophene ring is bioisosteric replacement for the phenyl group broadly present in active drugs; the thiophene core exists in many natural and synthetic pharmaceuticals (1, 2). In the present work, ethyl-2-aminothiophene-3-carboxylic was expressed as a synthone for many new condensed heterocyclic systems viz. thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine, thienylthiourea, thienylacetamide, thienylcarbohydrazide. Fused and polyfunctional substituted thiophene play an important role, especially when linked to a pyrimidine ring; thienopyri-311 Acta Pharm. 60 (2010) 311-323 Original research paper A. A. Abu-Hashem et al.: Design and synthesis of novel thiophenecarbohydrazide, thienopyrazole and thienopyrimidine derivatives as antioxidant and antitumor agents, Acta Pharm. 60 (2010) 311-323.
Species of the marine red algae Laurencia, are known to exhibit bromine and chlorine-containing C... more Species of the marine red algae Laurencia, are known to exhibit bromine and chlorine-containing C 15 nonterpenoid metabolites. 1) Among these, are the unusual cyclic ethers, with a pentadec-3-en-1-yne carbon skeleton. The isolation of trans and cis-laurediols from L. nipponica indicated an evidence that, cyclic ether enynes were raised from linear C 15 acetylenic polyenes, through oxidation and cyclization processes. 2) Several maneonenes (halogenated cyclic ether enyne) were isolated from the genus Laurencia, 3-9) the fundamental differences between them is either geometry (through C 3 -C 4 and/or C 12 -C 13 ) and/or stereochemical configuration (C 5 , C 6 and C 11 ).
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is used in the household and as an ingredient in many pharmaceutical p... more Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is used in the household and as an ingredient in many pharmaceutical products. Tissue culture technique provides an excellent source for induction of both chemical and genetic variation in garlic. A callus was induced on root meristem cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium in the presence of kinetin, indole acetic acid, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Shoots with a small bulb were produced on medium containing MS salts, B vitamins, and naphthalene acetic acid. Regenerated plants were transplanted into soil, and a nondivided bulb was formed in the first somaclonal generation (SCI). Plants were normal in their phenotypes in SC2. After four cycles of field cultivation, the selected somaclones (variants) in the fourth generation showed significant differences in bulb character compared with the original plants. Mitotic division and chromosomal abnormalities were investigated in meristimic root tip cells of regenerated plants for the first and fourth regeneration and for control plants. Somaclonal variant metaphase cells had the same chromosome number (2n = 16) as those of the controls. Allicin was measured quantitatively in the regenerated clones by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that some clones contained as much as 14.50 mg/g allicin, compared with 3.80 mg/g in the control plant. This finding suggests that this technique may be useful to improve the allicin content of Egyptian garlic, which could be utilized as a good source for garlic-containing pharmaceutical preparations.
Selected natural compounds were evaluated for their effects on dental caries due to different str... more Selected natural compounds were evaluated for their effects on dental caries due to different strains of Streptococcus mutans bacteria. Out of 39 tested compounds, four (catechol, emetine, quinine, and flavone) showed potent inhibitory activity on different strains of S. mutans at 6.25 microg/mL or less with inhibition of adherence <50%, two compounds (5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy isoflavone and ellagic acid) exhibited a moderate inhibitory effect at 12.5 microg/mL with inhibition to adherence <50%, and 12 compounds exhibited weak antibacterial activity at 125 microg/mL or more with inhibition of adherence <25%. These compounds represent three major classes of natural products: tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Further study for possible application of these compounds as inhibitors for dental caries is underway.
The immunomodulatory bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanolic extract of henna (Lawsonia i... more The immunomodulatory bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanolic extract of henna (Lawsonia inermis L.; syn. Lawsonia alba L.) leaves resulted in the isolation of seven compounds; three have been isolated for the first time from the genus, namely p-coumaric acid, 2-methoxy-3-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and apiin, along with the previously isolated compounds: lawsone, apigenin, luteolin, and cosmosiin. Structural elucidation of the isolated compounds was based upon their physical, chemical as well as spectroscopic characters. Their immuomodulatory profile was studied using an in vitro immunoassay, the lymphocyte transformation assay. The ABTS [2,2Ј-azino-bis (3-ethyl benzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)], free radical scavenging assay depicted that all isolated compounds exhibited antioxidant activity comparable to that of ascorbic acid.
The mammalian pineal hormone melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), an aminoindole produced by... more The mammalian pineal hormone melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), an aminoindole produced by the metabolism of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), has been shown to be a potent scavenger for the highly toxic hydroxyl radical. Three substances that are very important in animal physiology (e.g., in brain metabolism) are noradrenaline, histamine, and serotonin; all three occur in plants. Here we report that serotonin, tryptamine, and melatonin were found in some edible and medicinal plants in Egypt. The results of this screening showed that the pulp of underripe and ripe yellow banana contains 5-hydroxytryptamine at concentrations of 31.4 and 18.5 ng/g, respectively. Corn, rice, barley grains, and ginger showed the highest concentrations of melatonin, at 187.8, 149.8, 87.3, 142.3 ng/100 g, respectively. On the other hand, potato samples were free from all indolamines. Pomegranate and strawberry showed a low level of indolamines (8-12 mg/g serotonin, 4-9 mg/g tryptamine, and 13-29 ng/100 g melatonin). 153
New series of 1,2,4-triazolopyrimidine and 1,2,4-triazoloquinazoline derivatives were designed, s... more New series of 1,2,4-triazolopyrimidine and 1,2,4-triazoloquinazoline derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antitumor activity. Compounds 6, 11, 26, 29, 41, 44, 48, 49 and 58 were tested as antitumor agents by the use of DNA-binding assay on TLC-plates, colorimetric assay for the degree of DNA-binding (Methyl green-DNA displacement assay), evaluation of antineoplastic activity against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma in mice, and finally modulation of apoptosis. 5-Flurouracil, vitamin C and ethidium bromide were used as positive controls in these techniques. Compound 26 proved to be the most active member of these series as antitumor agent with IC50 value of 47 ± 1. Several characteristic features were observed to be essential for activity such as the morpholine group and the phenylazo group, in addition the electron-withdrawing groups favor the activity than the electron-donating ones.
The immunomodulatory bioassay-guided fractionation of the oleogum resin of frankincense (Boswelli... more The immunomodulatory bioassay-guided fractionation of the oleogum resin of frankincense (Boswellia carterii Bird wood) resulted in the isolation and identification of 9 compounds; palmitic acid and eight triterpenoids belonging to lupane, ursane, oleanane, and tirucallane skeleta were isolated form the resin. These triterpenoids are lupeol, -boswellic acid, 11-keto--boswellic acid, acetyl -boswellic acid, acetyl 11-keto--boswellic acid, acetylα-boswellic acid, 3-oxo-tirucallic acid, and 3-hydroxy-tirucallic acid. The structures of the isolated compounds were deduced based on spectroscopic evidences. The lymphocyte transformation assay of the isolated compounds proved that the total extract retained more activity than that of any of the purified compounds.
2014 International Conference on Engineering and Technology (ICET), 2014
Hepatitis C virus is a massive health issue affecting significant portions of the world's populat... more Hepatitis C virus is a massive health issue affecting significant portions of the world's population. Applying data preprocessing, feature reduction techniques and generating rules based on the selected features for classification tasks are considered as important steps in the knowledge discovery in databases. Medical experts analyze the generated rules to find out the most significant rules to apply in order to classify unseen real life cases. This paper highlights a hybrid Rough-Genetic algorithm model that uses the advantages of Rough set as a powerful analysis tool to identify the most relevant attributes. Rough sets are used to generate a set of reducts which consist of a minimal set of attributes and induce a set of decision rules. On the other hand, Genetic Algorithm is used to optimize and improve the rules induced using Rough Sets for classifying studied cases for testing new medication for HCV treatment. The experimental results obtained, show that the overall classification accuracy offered by the proposed Model is a superlative result.
Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2014
Case Based Reasoning (CBR) is the first choice in experience-based problems as diagnosis. However... more Case Based Reasoning (CBR) is the first choice in experience-based problems as diagnosis. However, building a case base for CBR is a challenging. Electronic Health Record (EHR) data can provide a starting point for building case base, but it needs a set of preprocessing steps. In this paper, we propose a case-base preparation framework for CBR systems. This framework consists of three main phases including data preparation, fuzzification, and coding. This paper will focus only on the data-preprocessing phase to prepare the EHR database as a knowledge source for CBR cases. It will use many machine-learning algorithms for feature selection and weighing, normalization, and others. As a case study, we will apply these algorithms on diabetes diagnosis data set. To check the effect of data preparation steps, a CBR prototype will being designed for diabetes diagnosis and prediction of its complications as kidney failure. The results show an enhancement to the case retrieval process of the implemented CBR system.
The mammalian pineal hormone melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), an aminoindole produced by... more The mammalian pineal hormone melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), an aminoindole produced by the metabolism of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), has been shown to be a potent scavenger for the highly toxic hydroxyl radical. Three substances that are very important in animal physiology (e.g., in brain metabolism) are noradrenaline, histamine, and serotonin; all three occur in plants. Here we report that serotonin, tryptamine, and melatonin were found in some edible and medicinal plants in Egypt. The results of this screening showed that the pulp of underripe and ripe yellow banana contains 5-hydroxytryptamine at concentrations of 31.4 and 18.5 ng/g, respectively. Corn, rice, barley grains, and ginger showed the highest concentrations of melatonin, at 187.8, 149.8, 87.3, 142.3 ng/100 g, respectively. On the other hand, potato samples were free from all indolamines. Pomegranate and strawberry showed a low level of indolamines (8-12 mg/g serotonin, 4-9 mg/g tryptamine, and 13-29 ng/100 g melatonin). 153
Selected natural compounds were evaluated for their effects on dental caries due to different str... more Selected natural compounds were evaluated for their effects on dental caries due to different strains of Streptococcus mutans bacteria. Out of 39 tested compounds, four (catechol, emetine, quinine, and flavone) showed potent inhibitory activity on different strains of S. mutans at 6.25 microg/mL or less with inhibition of adherence <50%, two compounds (5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy isoflavone and ellagic acid) exhibited a moderate inhibitory effect at 12.5 microg/mL with inhibition to adherence <50%, and 12 compounds exhibited weak antibacterial activity at 125 microg/mL or more with inhibition of adherence <25%. These compounds represent three major classes of natural products: tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Further study for possible application of these compounds as inhibitors for dental caries is underway.
Selected natural compounds were evaluated for their effects on dental caries due to different str... more Selected natural compounds were evaluated for their effects on dental caries due to different strains of Streptococcus mutans bacteria. Out of 39 tested compounds, four (catechol, emetine, quinine, and flavone) showed potent inhibitory activity on different strains of S. mutans at 6.25 microg/mL or less with inhibition of adherence <50%, two compounds (5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy isoflavone and ellagic acid) exhibited a moderate inhibitory effect at 12.5 microg/mL with inhibition to adherence <50%, and 12 compounds exhibited weak antibacterial activity at 125 microg/mL or more with inhibition of adherence <25%. These compounds represent three major classes of natural products: tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Further study for possible application of these compounds as inhibitors for dental caries is underway.
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