Jurnal Hutan Lestari: Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan, Nov 9, 2023
Tengkawang fruit is a non-timber forest product that produces vegetable oil which is processed th... more Tengkawang fruit is a non-timber forest product that produces vegetable oil which is processed through the process of grinding, steaming, and pressing and then freezing it into tengkawang fat. Tengkawang fat is known to contain high oleic acid so it can increase skin permeability through cosmetic products. Lip balm is a skin moisturizing cosmetic that is used to moisturize lips skin so that they do not dry and crack easily. Secang wood contains a brazilin compound which produces red pigment as an antioxidant and is useful as a natural dye. Therefore, tengkawang fat lip balm was prepared with secang wood extract as a coloring agent. This study aimed to determine the characteristics and physical stability of tengkawang fat lip balm with secang wood extract as a colorant for 28 days of storage. The research was conducted at the Wood Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Forestry, for ± 4 weeks. The study used experimental methods consisting of three formulas with different concentrations of tengkawang fat, namely FI (15%), FII (20%), and FIII (25%). Evaluation of the preparation was carried out including organoleptic tests, homogenity tests, pH tests, and irritation test. Evaluation for each formula showed that all lipbalm preparations were stable, but better and physically stable at a concentration of 25% tengkawang fat during 28 days of storage.
The termicidal activity and chemical components of wood vinegar from two sources of biomass, nipa... more The termicidal activity and chemical components of wood vinegar from two sources of biomass, nipah fruit shells (NFS) and a mixture of shells and fiber (MSF), were evaluated against Coptotermes curvignathus. A no-choice test was carried out to evaluate their termicidal activity using filter paper samples treated with 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0%, and 12.5% NFS or MSF vinegar. Both wood vinegars exhibited antitermitic activity against C. curvignathus. The results show that increased concentrations of NFS and MSF vinegar significantly increased termite mortality. In particular, the NFS vinegar caused complete mortality and the lowest filter paper mass losses at 2.18% when treated with 12.5% wood vinegar. The most abundant chemical compounds of NFS vinegar were cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride, 2,5-dichlorophenol, 2-propanone, acetic acid, propanoic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-6-octenal, and trans-geraniol. Meanwhile, the main compounds in the MSF vinegar were 1,2-ethanediol, formic acid, acetic acid, ethanoic acid, 2-furancarboxaldehyde, phenol, 2-methoxy phenol, and 4-methyl phenol.
Tengkawang seeds are one of the non-timber forest products that can be processed into Borneo teng... more Tengkawang seeds are one of the non-timber forest products that can be processed into Borneo tengkawang fat. Tengkawang fat contains myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid. The acid content in tengkawang fat has properties that can moisturize the skin for a long time so tengkawang fat can be used as an ingredient in handbody lotion formulas. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate a handbody lotion from tengkawang fat during a 28 day storage period. The benefits of this research are obtaining formulations and providing information regarding the potential use of tengkawang fat as a hand lotion. This research was made with variations in the concentration of tengkawang fat 1%, 3%, 6% and 9%. The results of the study showed that all concentrations of tengkawang fat in handbody lotion had good properties during the storage period.Keywords : Handbody Lotion, Tengkawang Fat, Tengkawang SeedsAbstrakBiji tengkawang merupakan salah satu Hasil Hutan Bukan K...
Chemical characterization of vinegars obtained from Durian wood (Durio sp.) and their termicidal ... more Chemical characterization of vinegars obtained from Durian wood (Durio sp.) and their termicidal activity against Coptotermes curvignathus and antifungal activity against Schizophyllum commune were evaluated. The process of pyrolysis produced wood vinegars at three distinct temperature: 350℃, 400℃, and 450℃. To determine their effectiveness against fungal growth, the vinegars were tested using a Petri dish with 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, and 4.0% (v/v) against S. commune. In the experiment, termicidal activities were evaluated using a no-choice test for C. curvignathus with 3.0%, 6.0%, 9.0%, and 12.0% (v/v). The wood vinegar exhibited antitermitic activity to C. curvignathus workers in the no-choice experiment; For vinegar produced at 450℃, a 6% concentration was required to achieve 100% mortality against C. curvignathus. In addition, a 12% vinegar produced at 450℃ resulted in the lowest mass loss of treated filter paper, which was 20.00%. Furthermore, all the wood vinegars exhibited antifungal activities against S. commune at concentration of 2.0%. The dominant chemical components of wood vinegar produced at temperature of 350℃, 400℃, and 450℃ were 2-methoxy-phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol, 3.5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxytoluene, and creosol.
Bee is a social insect and some of bee produced honey which used as food source for humankind. Ba... more Bee is a social insect and some of bee produced honey which used as food source for humankind. Based on biology characteristic, there are two kinds of bee, stingy bee and stingless bee. Stingy bee is Apis sp and Trigon sp is stingless bee. The aim of research is to identified the stingless bee from Trigon sp on forest village in Menua Sadap Village, Embaloh Hulu District, Kapuas Hulu Regency. Menua Sadap forest village area was 1.382 hectare and divided into four zone, namely production zone, conservation zone, tourism zone and utilization zone.The research was conducted on utilization zone of forest village for one month in the forest. The method of research used survey with purposive sampling. The data collected consist of find the Trigona sp bee in the tree and their nest, collected the bee and identified the bee.Result of the research found eight types of Trigona sp in utilization zone of Menua Sadap forest village. The name of Trigona bee were Heterotrigona itama Cockerell, Lep...
Termites were the most destroying wood organism and one of the methods for controlling termites a... more Termites were the most destroying wood organism and one of the methods for controlling termites and suppressing its population is the baiting system. One of the conditions in the baiting system method is that the bait must be able to attract termites. Mostly the attractant is made from an extract of the plant. This research aimed to evaluate the attractants of termites bait from waste paper and extract of basil leaf (Ocimum basilicum) against subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. Leaves of Ocimum basilicum extracted with maceration process with ethanol. After extraction, the yield was made into five concentration, consist of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%. The waste paper was made into termite’s bait with a square bait with measure 2 cm long x 2 cm wide x 1 cm thick. The result of research showed that the average of termites mortality value was 18.79% - 97.58%. The highest termites mortality was achieve on 10% concentration of extract Ocimum basilicum. Its followed by the...
Soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) function as repellent and anti feedant. The objective of this... more Soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) function as repellent and anti feedant. The objective of this research was to identify the effect of usingsoursop leaves a botanical insecticide to control termites. This research was carried out in two laboratories in Tanjungpura University, Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences and Wood Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Forestry from Februari 2013 to May 2013. This Research utilised two factor, factorial design with completely randomized design (CRD).The first factor is the weight of soursop leaves ( 0 g, 2 g, 4 gand 6 g). The second is the types of bait media such as sawdust, filter paper, and ground termite nest. Each treatment was done three times to eventually achive thirty six experimental units. Subterranean termites highest morality is found in the combination of 6 grams of soursoup leaf powder 6 g with 10 g filter paper as the bait medium. The average morality of this termite is 99.33 %. On the other hand, the t...
This research aims to study and identify the extent of damage to buildings in Pontianak City Elem... more This research aims to study and identify the extent of damage to buildings in Pontianak City Elementary School caused by destructive factors of the building, studying and identifying the types of organisms that destroy wood and look for a solution in accordance with the method of building maintenance. The study was conducted in 3 elementary school in each the district, namely Pontianak Kota, Pontianak Timur, Pontianak Barat, Pontianak Utara, Pontianak Selatan, and Pontianak Tenggara. Total sample was 18 elementary school. The research method used forensic engineering. The results showed that the level of damage occurs due to the lack of maintenance of buildings and errors in the use of construction materials. Large part of damage in Elementary School building was caused due to the lack maintenance of the building and by the use of raw materials that do not comply with the standard. The damaged in building mostly by wood destroying organisms such as termites, fungi, insect borers, an...
This paper proposes a non-destructive technology to control subterranean termites Coptotermes cur... more This paper proposes a non-destructive technology to control subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren infestations. In the experiment, the apparatus for termites control used electromagnetic waves at two frequencies: 300 Hz and 300 kHz. Termites were exposure to electromagnetic waves on direct methods with variation of exposure time 15, 30, 45 and 60 min respectively. The use of electromagnetic waves for termites control are very beneficial, they are odorless, noiseless, friendly to environment, and easy to apply. The result showed that electromagnetic waves had an effect to termites. The value of termites mortality was range between 25.45~82.27% and the average value of termites filter paper consumption was between 8.89~39.44%. Meanwhile on control treatment, termites mortality and termites filter paper consumption were respectively 14.05% and 79.88% in average. The highest frequency of electromagnetic waves and the longest irradiation time caused the highest average value of termites mortality. The magnitude field from apparatus was range between 0.069~0.1815 μT, which is safe to utilize around the human body. The best result was achieved on frequency 300 kHz and irradiation time 60 min. These results represent important information about the potential use of electromagnetic waves technology for termites control as an environmentally benign alternative in spite of the insecticides uses.
Schizophyllum commune Fries is a wood rot fungus that attacks living trees and wood products w... more Schizophyllum commune Fries is a wood rot fungus that attacks living trees and wood products which causes high economic losses. The research objective was to evaluate the extracts of kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L) and kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L) as a biopesticide to control Schizophyllum commune Fries. The solvents used for extracting the leaves of Kirinyuh and kemangi were 96% ethanol solvent in a ratio of 1: 3 (w/v). The extracts then formed into 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% concentration and mixed into PDA medium. The media was poured into a petri dish and then kept in incubator room. Then the isolates of Schizophyllum commune Fries fungus, seven days old with a five mm diameter, were put in the medium center. The parameter test was the value inhibition the fungal growth, comparing control treatment and the given concentration treatment. The results of research showed that kirinyuh leaf extract at a concentration of 2% has strong antifungal values with growth i...
Efficacy wood vinegar produced from wood laban (Vitex pubescens) against Ophiostoma piliferum fun... more Efficacy wood vinegar produced from wood laban (Vitex pubescens) against Ophiostoma piliferum fungus was evaluated. The objectives of this research to perform in vitro antifungal of wood vinegar from laban wood against O. piliferum. The source of lignocelluloses biomass was carbonization process used three temperature i.e. 350, 400 and 450 °C. Efficacy of wood vinegar to the fungus carried on PDA (potato dextrose agar) in a Petri dish that has been mixed with the wood vinegar with a concentration of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 % (v/v). Antifungal test was a factorial 3 by 5 in a completely randomized design. The means were seperated using using Tukey’s test at p = 0.05. All data were analyzed using the SAS softwere (version 8.2, SAS Institute Inc., NC. USA). The test results showed that the pyrolysis suhue effect and concentration of wood vinegar on the inhibition of fungal growth. The higher pyrolysis temperature and concentration the inhibition of fungal growth was increased.Efikas...
The community at Kuala Dua village, Kembayan sub district, Sanggau Regency has used non timber fo... more The community at Kuala Dua village, Kembayan sub district, Sanggau Regency has used non timber forest product for handicraft. The research purposes were to identified the raw material of non-timber forest product which used by the community to produce handicraft. The methods used in depth interview with the community. The respondent was chosen by snowball sampling. Total number of respondents was 14 persons. Result of the research showed that 4 non timber forest product used for handicraft. The plant used were bambu tali (Gigantochloa apus), nipah (Nypa fruticans), resam (Distranopteris linearis), and rotan lilin (Calamus javensis). The product was used for daily live and also sell to the market. Bambu tali was made into bakul and ketoro, nipah leaf was made into roof material, resam was made into ring and rotan lilin was made into basket, dish and cupboard.Keywords: Calamus javensis, Distranopteris linearis, Gigantochloa apus, handicraft, Nypa fruticans
The aim of the study was to obtain a comparison of the durability of sengon (Falcataria moluccana... more The aim of the study was to obtain a comparison of the durability of sengon (Falcataria moluccana) and sugi wood (Cryptomeria japonica) after preservation with Jati (Tectona grandis) tree bark waste to subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren attack and to determine the best concentration of wood preservation from Jati extract. Evaluation the durability of wood used the JIS K 1571 2004 standar method. Test parameters in the study were preservative retention, termite mortality and weight loss of the wood test sample. The results showed the highest retention was achieved in Sengon wood of 0.466 kg /m3 and the followed by Sugi wood which was 0.740 kg /m3. The lowest termites mortality value was in non-teated wood of Sengon wood with value 13.091%, and in other sengon wood which treated by extract of Jati bark with concentration of 2%, 4%, 5%, the termites mortality was 100%. Meanwhile in Sugi wood the termites mortality in non-treated wood was 12.576% and other Sugi wood...
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sifat antijamur asap cair kayu bintangur dalam mengha... more Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sifat antijamur asap cair kayu bintangur dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur S. commune secara in vitro. Asap cair kayu bintangur yang digunakan sebanyak tiga jenis hasil dari pirolisis pada suhu 370, 400 dan 430 o C. Medium PDA digunakan untuk efikasi asap cair kayu bintagur terhadap pertumbuhan jamur S. commune . Efikasi asap cair kayu bintangur terhadap jamur S. commune dengan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial, terdiri atas suhu pembuatan asap cair kayu bintangur (370, 400, dan 430 o C) dan konsentrasi asap cair kayu bintangur (0, 0,5, 1,0, 1,5 dan 2,0%, v/v). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu pirolisis produksi asap cair dan konsentrasi asap cair berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap daya hambat pertumbuhan jamur, S. commune . Kemampuannya sebesar 100% pada konsentrasi 2% masing-masing pada suhu pirolisis asap cair 370, 400, dan 430°C.
The research aimed to know gall myte diseased characteristic on plant Shorea leprosula at pruning... more The research aimed to know gall myte diseased characteristic on plant Shorea leprosula at pruning yard. of PT. Sari Bumi Kusuma at Serawai district, sintang regency. Research desaign used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and sample plant is placed at random in observing slot and data analysis used Khi square ( Chi Square ) with 3 treatments and 6 replications. First plant normal or untrimmed (A0), second treatment is trimmed (A1) and third treatment is trimmed plan and given by vaseline at sectioned plant which is trimmed (A2). Total plant that is utilized were 18 plants. Result of the research showed that 33% plants S. leprosula was attack by gall myte, disease for all treatment. Result tests of Chi Square pointing out that the treatment given is not significant. Disease gall myte can be seen on branch tip part plant, leaf armpit and autotrof. Initially just as bruise with circumference gall myte + 1cm and long + 0,5cm and green chromatic. Time range of appearance gall myte until...
Pengujian Aktivitas Anti Cendawan Sekresi Pertahanan Diri Rayap Tanah Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Preliminary Detection of Antifungal Activity of Soldier Defensive Secretions from Subterranean Termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)
Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren is the most destructive subterranean termites which caused econ... more Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren is the most destructive subterranean termites which caused economic loss in some big city in Indonesia. Soldier of C. curvignathus Holmgren have a defensive secretions with white colour and sticky. These soldier defensive secretions are used to overcome their enemy. In this research, soldier defensive secretions (SDS) from C. curvignathus Holmgren were isolated and extracted in polar and non-polar solution and their antifungal activity was studied. The solution used for extraction was ethyl acetate, ethanol, aquadest and n-hexane. The fungal used to determine antifungal activity was Schizophyllum commune. The result showed that extract from ethyl acetate shown the highest inhibition zone meanwhile other extract have no activity. The compound then purified by GCMS (Gas Chromatography Mass Spectra) and found that aldehyde compound Pentadecanal and Tetradecanal were the bioactive compound. This was the first research about possibilities of soldier defe...
Forest has the potential to meet various human needs such as food, medicine, boards, handicrafts ... more Forest has the potential to meet various human needs such as food, medicine, boards, handicrafts and others. Non timber forest products used by the community in Landak regency are bamboo, rattan, fruit and many kind products. The purpose of research is to describe the types of rattan plants and to describe the benefits of rattan crops in the community of Sekilap village, Mandor district, Landak regency. Methods used in this research survey method to the forest and in-depth interview to the community in Sekilap village. Sekilap village consists of 6 sub village, namely Pangkalatn sub village, Sekilap sub village, Mangke sub village, Buluh sub village, Penawar sub village, dan Baet sub village. The result of the research showed that four rattans used in the community of Sekilap village. The rattan is Rotan Kertong with local name Uwi Tangga Langit (Myrialepis paradoxa), Rotan Taman with local name Uwi Palades (Calamus caesius Blume), Rattan Semambu with local name Uwi Samamok (Calamus...
The research aims to determine the effect of soaking pinus seeds with liquid smoke to the seedlin... more The research aims to determine the effect of soaking pinus seeds with liquid smoke to the seedling growth and to obtain the optimal soaking period and pyrolysis temperature of liquid smoke in controlling fungi growth on pine seeds. Pyrolysis temperature used were 3500C, 4000C and 4500C, and seed soaking period were 2 hours, 4 hours and 6 hours before planting. It was found that optimal pyrolysis temperature for controlling fungi growth on pine seedling was 4500C and optimal soaking period was 6 hours before planting. Key word :Pinus merkusii, liquid smoke, Laban wood, seedling growth
The research objective was to determine the antifungal activity and the effective concentration o... more The research objective was to determine the antifungal activity and the effective concentration of extract sindur wood oil in inhibiting Schizophyllum commune Fries fungus growth. Concentration of extract sindur wood oil used for the treatment were 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14% and 16%. The toxicity testing had done by method using PDA medium mixed with the extract sindur oil. Extract sindur wood oil activity is inclusive of category for concentration 2%, strongth for concentration 4%, 6%, 8% and very strong for concentration 10%, 12%, 16%.The concentration of 16% is very strong anti-fungal activity which inhibit 100% of growth of S. commune fungi. Concentration 10% of extract wood sindur oil is optimum contration to inhibit S. commune fungus growth. Key word : Schizophyllum commune Fries, sindur wood oil, antifungal
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of liquid smoke from Laban wood for controlling fu... more This study aims to determine the effectiveness of liquid smoke from Laban wood for controlling fungi that cause damping off on pine seeds and to determine the optimal concentration and temperature of pyrolysis of liquid smoke from Laban wood. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Wood Technology, Faculty of Forestry, University of Tanjungpura Pontianak. Mucor sp is the species of fungi which used to in vitro test to determine the inhibition value. Research using RAL Factorial methods with two treatment factors, first treatment factor is the concentration of liquid smoke from Laban wood with 5 levels i.e. 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. The second treatment factor is the temperature of the pyrolysis liquid smoke of Laban wood with 3 levels i.e. 350ºC, 400ºC and 450ºC. Five replicates are conducted for all treatments. Tests carried out using a PDA medium mixed with liquid smoke from Laban wood with each concentration. Results of research showed that the concentration of l...
Jurnal Hutan Lestari: Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan, Nov 9, 2023
Tengkawang fruit is a non-timber forest product that produces vegetable oil which is processed th... more Tengkawang fruit is a non-timber forest product that produces vegetable oil which is processed through the process of grinding, steaming, and pressing and then freezing it into tengkawang fat. Tengkawang fat is known to contain high oleic acid so it can increase skin permeability through cosmetic products. Lip balm is a skin moisturizing cosmetic that is used to moisturize lips skin so that they do not dry and crack easily. Secang wood contains a brazilin compound which produces red pigment as an antioxidant and is useful as a natural dye. Therefore, tengkawang fat lip balm was prepared with secang wood extract as a coloring agent. This study aimed to determine the characteristics and physical stability of tengkawang fat lip balm with secang wood extract as a colorant for 28 days of storage. The research was conducted at the Wood Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Forestry, for ± 4 weeks. The study used experimental methods consisting of three formulas with different concentrations of tengkawang fat, namely FI (15%), FII (20%), and FIII (25%). Evaluation of the preparation was carried out including organoleptic tests, homogenity tests, pH tests, and irritation test. Evaluation for each formula showed that all lipbalm preparations were stable, but better and physically stable at a concentration of 25% tengkawang fat during 28 days of storage.
The termicidal activity and chemical components of wood vinegar from two sources of biomass, nipa... more The termicidal activity and chemical components of wood vinegar from two sources of biomass, nipah fruit shells (NFS) and a mixture of shells and fiber (MSF), were evaluated against Coptotermes curvignathus. A no-choice test was carried out to evaluate their termicidal activity using filter paper samples treated with 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0%, and 12.5% NFS or MSF vinegar. Both wood vinegars exhibited antitermitic activity against C. curvignathus. The results show that increased concentrations of NFS and MSF vinegar significantly increased termite mortality. In particular, the NFS vinegar caused complete mortality and the lowest filter paper mass losses at 2.18% when treated with 12.5% wood vinegar. The most abundant chemical compounds of NFS vinegar were cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride, 2,5-dichlorophenol, 2-propanone, acetic acid, propanoic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-6-octenal, and trans-geraniol. Meanwhile, the main compounds in the MSF vinegar were 1,2-ethanediol, formic acid, acetic acid, ethanoic acid, 2-furancarboxaldehyde, phenol, 2-methoxy phenol, and 4-methyl phenol.
Tengkawang seeds are one of the non-timber forest products that can be processed into Borneo teng... more Tengkawang seeds are one of the non-timber forest products that can be processed into Borneo tengkawang fat. Tengkawang fat contains myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid. The acid content in tengkawang fat has properties that can moisturize the skin for a long time so tengkawang fat can be used as an ingredient in handbody lotion formulas. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate a handbody lotion from tengkawang fat during a 28 day storage period. The benefits of this research are obtaining formulations and providing information regarding the potential use of tengkawang fat as a hand lotion. This research was made with variations in the concentration of tengkawang fat 1%, 3%, 6% and 9%. The results of the study showed that all concentrations of tengkawang fat in handbody lotion had good properties during the storage period.Keywords : Handbody Lotion, Tengkawang Fat, Tengkawang SeedsAbstrakBiji tengkawang merupakan salah satu Hasil Hutan Bukan K...
Chemical characterization of vinegars obtained from Durian wood (Durio sp.) and their termicidal ... more Chemical characterization of vinegars obtained from Durian wood (Durio sp.) and their termicidal activity against Coptotermes curvignathus and antifungal activity against Schizophyllum commune were evaluated. The process of pyrolysis produced wood vinegars at three distinct temperature: 350℃, 400℃, and 450℃. To determine their effectiveness against fungal growth, the vinegars were tested using a Petri dish with 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, and 4.0% (v/v) against S. commune. In the experiment, termicidal activities were evaluated using a no-choice test for C. curvignathus with 3.0%, 6.0%, 9.0%, and 12.0% (v/v). The wood vinegar exhibited antitermitic activity to C. curvignathus workers in the no-choice experiment; For vinegar produced at 450℃, a 6% concentration was required to achieve 100% mortality against C. curvignathus. In addition, a 12% vinegar produced at 450℃ resulted in the lowest mass loss of treated filter paper, which was 20.00%. Furthermore, all the wood vinegars exhibited antifungal activities against S. commune at concentration of 2.0%. The dominant chemical components of wood vinegar produced at temperature of 350℃, 400℃, and 450℃ were 2-methoxy-phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol, 3.5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxytoluene, and creosol.
Bee is a social insect and some of bee produced honey which used as food source for humankind. Ba... more Bee is a social insect and some of bee produced honey which used as food source for humankind. Based on biology characteristic, there are two kinds of bee, stingy bee and stingless bee. Stingy bee is Apis sp and Trigon sp is stingless bee. The aim of research is to identified the stingless bee from Trigon sp on forest village in Menua Sadap Village, Embaloh Hulu District, Kapuas Hulu Regency. Menua Sadap forest village area was 1.382 hectare and divided into four zone, namely production zone, conservation zone, tourism zone and utilization zone.The research was conducted on utilization zone of forest village for one month in the forest. The method of research used survey with purposive sampling. The data collected consist of find the Trigona sp bee in the tree and their nest, collected the bee and identified the bee.Result of the research found eight types of Trigona sp in utilization zone of Menua Sadap forest village. The name of Trigona bee were Heterotrigona itama Cockerell, Lep...
Termites were the most destroying wood organism and one of the methods for controlling termites a... more Termites were the most destroying wood organism and one of the methods for controlling termites and suppressing its population is the baiting system. One of the conditions in the baiting system method is that the bait must be able to attract termites. Mostly the attractant is made from an extract of the plant. This research aimed to evaluate the attractants of termites bait from waste paper and extract of basil leaf (Ocimum basilicum) against subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. Leaves of Ocimum basilicum extracted with maceration process with ethanol. After extraction, the yield was made into five concentration, consist of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%. The waste paper was made into termite’s bait with a square bait with measure 2 cm long x 2 cm wide x 1 cm thick. The result of research showed that the average of termites mortality value was 18.79% - 97.58%. The highest termites mortality was achieve on 10% concentration of extract Ocimum basilicum. Its followed by the...
Soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) function as repellent and anti feedant. The objective of this... more Soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) function as repellent and anti feedant. The objective of this research was to identify the effect of usingsoursop leaves a botanical insecticide to control termites. This research was carried out in two laboratories in Tanjungpura University, Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences and Wood Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Forestry from Februari 2013 to May 2013. This Research utilised two factor, factorial design with completely randomized design (CRD).The first factor is the weight of soursop leaves ( 0 g, 2 g, 4 gand 6 g). The second is the types of bait media such as sawdust, filter paper, and ground termite nest. Each treatment was done three times to eventually achive thirty six experimental units. Subterranean termites highest morality is found in the combination of 6 grams of soursoup leaf powder 6 g with 10 g filter paper as the bait medium. The average morality of this termite is 99.33 %. On the other hand, the t...
This research aims to study and identify the extent of damage to buildings in Pontianak City Elem... more This research aims to study and identify the extent of damage to buildings in Pontianak City Elementary School caused by destructive factors of the building, studying and identifying the types of organisms that destroy wood and look for a solution in accordance with the method of building maintenance. The study was conducted in 3 elementary school in each the district, namely Pontianak Kota, Pontianak Timur, Pontianak Barat, Pontianak Utara, Pontianak Selatan, and Pontianak Tenggara. Total sample was 18 elementary school. The research method used forensic engineering. The results showed that the level of damage occurs due to the lack of maintenance of buildings and errors in the use of construction materials. Large part of damage in Elementary School building was caused due to the lack maintenance of the building and by the use of raw materials that do not comply with the standard. The damaged in building mostly by wood destroying organisms such as termites, fungi, insect borers, an...
This paper proposes a non-destructive technology to control subterranean termites Coptotermes cur... more This paper proposes a non-destructive technology to control subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren infestations. In the experiment, the apparatus for termites control used electromagnetic waves at two frequencies: 300 Hz and 300 kHz. Termites were exposure to electromagnetic waves on direct methods with variation of exposure time 15, 30, 45 and 60 min respectively. The use of electromagnetic waves for termites control are very beneficial, they are odorless, noiseless, friendly to environment, and easy to apply. The result showed that electromagnetic waves had an effect to termites. The value of termites mortality was range between 25.45~82.27% and the average value of termites filter paper consumption was between 8.89~39.44%. Meanwhile on control treatment, termites mortality and termites filter paper consumption were respectively 14.05% and 79.88% in average. The highest frequency of electromagnetic waves and the longest irradiation time caused the highest average value of termites mortality. The magnitude field from apparatus was range between 0.069~0.1815 μT, which is safe to utilize around the human body. The best result was achieved on frequency 300 kHz and irradiation time 60 min. These results represent important information about the potential use of electromagnetic waves technology for termites control as an environmentally benign alternative in spite of the insecticides uses.
Schizophyllum commune Fries is a wood rot fungus that attacks living trees and wood products w... more Schizophyllum commune Fries is a wood rot fungus that attacks living trees and wood products which causes high economic losses. The research objective was to evaluate the extracts of kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L) and kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L) as a biopesticide to control Schizophyllum commune Fries. The solvents used for extracting the leaves of Kirinyuh and kemangi were 96% ethanol solvent in a ratio of 1: 3 (w/v). The extracts then formed into 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% concentration and mixed into PDA medium. The media was poured into a petri dish and then kept in incubator room. Then the isolates of Schizophyllum commune Fries fungus, seven days old with a five mm diameter, were put in the medium center. The parameter test was the value inhibition the fungal growth, comparing control treatment and the given concentration treatment. The results of research showed that kirinyuh leaf extract at a concentration of 2% has strong antifungal values with growth i...
Efficacy wood vinegar produced from wood laban (Vitex pubescens) against Ophiostoma piliferum fun... more Efficacy wood vinegar produced from wood laban (Vitex pubescens) against Ophiostoma piliferum fungus was evaluated. The objectives of this research to perform in vitro antifungal of wood vinegar from laban wood against O. piliferum. The source of lignocelluloses biomass was carbonization process used three temperature i.e. 350, 400 and 450 °C. Efficacy of wood vinegar to the fungus carried on PDA (potato dextrose agar) in a Petri dish that has been mixed with the wood vinegar with a concentration of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 % (v/v). Antifungal test was a factorial 3 by 5 in a completely randomized design. The means were seperated using using Tukey’s test at p = 0.05. All data were analyzed using the SAS softwere (version 8.2, SAS Institute Inc., NC. USA). The test results showed that the pyrolysis suhue effect and concentration of wood vinegar on the inhibition of fungal growth. The higher pyrolysis temperature and concentration the inhibition of fungal growth was increased.Efikas...
The community at Kuala Dua village, Kembayan sub district, Sanggau Regency has used non timber fo... more The community at Kuala Dua village, Kembayan sub district, Sanggau Regency has used non timber forest product for handicraft. The research purposes were to identified the raw material of non-timber forest product which used by the community to produce handicraft. The methods used in depth interview with the community. The respondent was chosen by snowball sampling. Total number of respondents was 14 persons. Result of the research showed that 4 non timber forest product used for handicraft. The plant used were bambu tali (Gigantochloa apus), nipah (Nypa fruticans), resam (Distranopteris linearis), and rotan lilin (Calamus javensis). The product was used for daily live and also sell to the market. Bambu tali was made into bakul and ketoro, nipah leaf was made into roof material, resam was made into ring and rotan lilin was made into basket, dish and cupboard.Keywords: Calamus javensis, Distranopteris linearis, Gigantochloa apus, handicraft, Nypa fruticans
The aim of the study was to obtain a comparison of the durability of sengon (Falcataria moluccana... more The aim of the study was to obtain a comparison of the durability of sengon (Falcataria moluccana) and sugi wood (Cryptomeria japonica) after preservation with Jati (Tectona grandis) tree bark waste to subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren attack and to determine the best concentration of wood preservation from Jati extract. Evaluation the durability of wood used the JIS K 1571 2004 standar method. Test parameters in the study were preservative retention, termite mortality and weight loss of the wood test sample. The results showed the highest retention was achieved in Sengon wood of 0.466 kg /m3 and the followed by Sugi wood which was 0.740 kg /m3. The lowest termites mortality value was in non-teated wood of Sengon wood with value 13.091%, and in other sengon wood which treated by extract of Jati bark with concentration of 2%, 4%, 5%, the termites mortality was 100%. Meanwhile in Sugi wood the termites mortality in non-treated wood was 12.576% and other Sugi wood...
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sifat antijamur asap cair kayu bintangur dalam mengha... more Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sifat antijamur asap cair kayu bintangur dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur S. commune secara in vitro. Asap cair kayu bintangur yang digunakan sebanyak tiga jenis hasil dari pirolisis pada suhu 370, 400 dan 430 o C. Medium PDA digunakan untuk efikasi asap cair kayu bintagur terhadap pertumbuhan jamur S. commune . Efikasi asap cair kayu bintangur terhadap jamur S. commune dengan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial, terdiri atas suhu pembuatan asap cair kayu bintangur (370, 400, dan 430 o C) dan konsentrasi asap cair kayu bintangur (0, 0,5, 1,0, 1,5 dan 2,0%, v/v). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu pirolisis produksi asap cair dan konsentrasi asap cair berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap daya hambat pertumbuhan jamur, S. commune . Kemampuannya sebesar 100% pada konsentrasi 2% masing-masing pada suhu pirolisis asap cair 370, 400, dan 430°C.
The research aimed to know gall myte diseased characteristic on plant Shorea leprosula at pruning... more The research aimed to know gall myte diseased characteristic on plant Shorea leprosula at pruning yard. of PT. Sari Bumi Kusuma at Serawai district, sintang regency. Research desaign used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and sample plant is placed at random in observing slot and data analysis used Khi square ( Chi Square ) with 3 treatments and 6 replications. First plant normal or untrimmed (A0), second treatment is trimmed (A1) and third treatment is trimmed plan and given by vaseline at sectioned plant which is trimmed (A2). Total plant that is utilized were 18 plants. Result of the research showed that 33% plants S. leprosula was attack by gall myte, disease for all treatment. Result tests of Chi Square pointing out that the treatment given is not significant. Disease gall myte can be seen on branch tip part plant, leaf armpit and autotrof. Initially just as bruise with circumference gall myte + 1cm and long + 0,5cm and green chromatic. Time range of appearance gall myte until...
Pengujian Aktivitas Anti Cendawan Sekresi Pertahanan Diri Rayap Tanah Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Preliminary Detection of Antifungal Activity of Soldier Defensive Secretions from Subterranean Termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)
Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren is the most destructive subterranean termites which caused econ... more Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren is the most destructive subterranean termites which caused economic loss in some big city in Indonesia. Soldier of C. curvignathus Holmgren have a defensive secretions with white colour and sticky. These soldier defensive secretions are used to overcome their enemy. In this research, soldier defensive secretions (SDS) from C. curvignathus Holmgren were isolated and extracted in polar and non-polar solution and their antifungal activity was studied. The solution used for extraction was ethyl acetate, ethanol, aquadest and n-hexane. The fungal used to determine antifungal activity was Schizophyllum commune. The result showed that extract from ethyl acetate shown the highest inhibition zone meanwhile other extract have no activity. The compound then purified by GCMS (Gas Chromatography Mass Spectra) and found that aldehyde compound Pentadecanal and Tetradecanal were the bioactive compound. This was the first research about possibilities of soldier defe...
Forest has the potential to meet various human needs such as food, medicine, boards, handicrafts ... more Forest has the potential to meet various human needs such as food, medicine, boards, handicrafts and others. Non timber forest products used by the community in Landak regency are bamboo, rattan, fruit and many kind products. The purpose of research is to describe the types of rattan plants and to describe the benefits of rattan crops in the community of Sekilap village, Mandor district, Landak regency. Methods used in this research survey method to the forest and in-depth interview to the community in Sekilap village. Sekilap village consists of 6 sub village, namely Pangkalatn sub village, Sekilap sub village, Mangke sub village, Buluh sub village, Penawar sub village, dan Baet sub village. The result of the research showed that four rattans used in the community of Sekilap village. The rattan is Rotan Kertong with local name Uwi Tangga Langit (Myrialepis paradoxa), Rotan Taman with local name Uwi Palades (Calamus caesius Blume), Rattan Semambu with local name Uwi Samamok (Calamus...
The research aims to determine the effect of soaking pinus seeds with liquid smoke to the seedlin... more The research aims to determine the effect of soaking pinus seeds with liquid smoke to the seedling growth and to obtain the optimal soaking period and pyrolysis temperature of liquid smoke in controlling fungi growth on pine seeds. Pyrolysis temperature used were 3500C, 4000C and 4500C, and seed soaking period were 2 hours, 4 hours and 6 hours before planting. It was found that optimal pyrolysis temperature for controlling fungi growth on pine seedling was 4500C and optimal soaking period was 6 hours before planting. Key word :Pinus merkusii, liquid smoke, Laban wood, seedling growth
The research objective was to determine the antifungal activity and the effective concentration o... more The research objective was to determine the antifungal activity and the effective concentration of extract sindur wood oil in inhibiting Schizophyllum commune Fries fungus growth. Concentration of extract sindur wood oil used for the treatment were 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14% and 16%. The toxicity testing had done by method using PDA medium mixed with the extract sindur oil. Extract sindur wood oil activity is inclusive of category for concentration 2%, strongth for concentration 4%, 6%, 8% and very strong for concentration 10%, 12%, 16%.The concentration of 16% is very strong anti-fungal activity which inhibit 100% of growth of S. commune fungi. Concentration 10% of extract wood sindur oil is optimum contration to inhibit S. commune fungus growth. Key word : Schizophyllum commune Fries, sindur wood oil, antifungal
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of liquid smoke from Laban wood for controlling fu... more This study aims to determine the effectiveness of liquid smoke from Laban wood for controlling fungi that cause damping off on pine seeds and to determine the optimal concentration and temperature of pyrolysis of liquid smoke from Laban wood. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Wood Technology, Faculty of Forestry, University of Tanjungpura Pontianak. Mucor sp is the species of fungi which used to in vitro test to determine the inhibition value. Research using RAL Factorial methods with two treatment factors, first treatment factor is the concentration of liquid smoke from Laban wood with 5 levels i.e. 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. The second treatment factor is the temperature of the pyrolysis liquid smoke of Laban wood with 3 levels i.e. 350ºC, 400ºC and 450ºC. Five replicates are conducted for all treatments. Tests carried out using a PDA medium mixed with liquid smoke from Laban wood with each concentration. Results of research showed that the concentration of l...
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