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In order to make progress [â¦], we should keep using the approach that proved its mettle back in 1994: to establish cores of co-operation within the EU that enable smaller, willing groups of member states to forge ahead.â
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The term âvariable geometryâ has obviously been borrowed from the language of mathematics and mechanical engineering. One of the most famous examples of variable geometry in engineering is that of an aircraft wing that may be swept back and then returned to its original position during flight, allowing the pilot to select the correct configuration for either high or low speed. Inherent then in our understanding of variable geometry is the notion of adaptability, flexibility and different speeds for changing circumstances.
âVariable geometry,,as it applies to the politics of regional integration, is most commonly associated with the European Union, especially in the context of its massive enlargement since 2004 and the possibility that as many as eight countries in south-eastern Europe might also accede if and when they meet certain rigorous political, legal and technical conditions. Enlargement has inevitably presented particular challenges for European integration, many of them associated with differences in size, political maturity, economic development, language and culture. Different countries will therefore meet the criteria for membership and deeper integration at different speeds. Hence the talk of âvariable geometry.â
*2:ï¼»å注]This Week in Germany, 9 September 1994.
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