# frozen_string_literal: true module ActiveRecord # = Active Record \Relation class Relation MULTI_VALUE_METHODS = [:includes, :eager_load, :preload, :select, :group, :order, :joins, :left_outer_joins, :references, :extending, :unscope, :optimizer_hints, :annotate] SINGLE_VALUE_METHODS = [:limit, :offset, :lock, :readonly, :reordering, :strict_loading, :reverse_order, :distinct, :create_with, :skip_query_cache] CLAUSE_METHODS = [:where, :having, :from] INVALID_METHODS_FOR_DELETE_ALL = [:distinct] VALUE_METHODS = MULTI_VALUE_METHODS + SINGLE_VALUE_METHODS + CLAUSE_METHODS include Enumerable include FinderMethods, Calculations, SpawnMethods, QueryMethods, Batches, Explain, Delegation attr_reader :table, :klass, :loaded, :predicate_builder attr_accessor :skip_preloading_value alias :model :klass alias :loaded? :loaded alias :locked? :lock_value def initialize(klass, table: klass.arel_table, predicate_builder: klass.predicate_builder, values: {}) @klass = klass @table = table @values = values @loaded = false @predicate_builder = predicate_builder @delegate_to_klass = false @future_result = nil @records = nil end def initialize_copy(other) @values = @values.dup reset end def bind_attribute(name, value) # :nodoc: if reflection = klass._reflect_on_association(name) name = reflection.foreign_key value = value.read_attribute(reflection.association_primary_key) unless value.nil? end attr = table[name] bind = predicate_builder.build_bind_attribute(attr.name, value) yield attr, bind end # Initializes new record from relation while maintaining the current # scope. # # Expects arguments in the same format as {ActiveRecord::Base.new}[rdoc-ref:Core.new]. # # users = User.where(name: 'DHH') # user = users.new # => # # # You can also pass a block to new with the new record as argument: # # user = users.new { |user| user.name = 'Oscar' } # user.name # => Oscar def new(attributes = nil, &block) if attributes.is_a?(Array) attributes.collect { |attr| new(attr, &block) } else block = current_scope_restoring_block(&block) scoping { _new(attributes, &block) } end end alias build new # Tries to create a new record with the same scoped attributes # defined in the relation. Returns the initialized object if validation fails. # # Expects arguments in the same format as # {ActiveRecord::Base.create}[rdoc-ref:Persistence::ClassMethods#create]. # # ==== Examples # # users = User.where(name: 'Oscar') # users.create # => # # # users.create(name: 'fxn') # users.create # => # # # users.create { |user| user.name = 'tenderlove' } # # => # # # users.create(name: nil) # validation on name # # => # def create(attributes = nil, &block) if attributes.is_a?(Array) attributes.collect { |attr| create(attr, &block) } else block = current_scope_restoring_block(&block) scoping { _create(attributes, &block) } end end # Similar to #create, but calls # {create!}[rdoc-ref:Persistence::ClassMethods#create!] # on the base class. Raises an exception if a validation error occurs. # # Expects arguments in the same format as # {ActiveRecord::Base.create!}[rdoc-ref:Persistence::ClassMethods#create!]. def create!(attributes = nil, &block) if attributes.is_a?(Array) attributes.collect { |attr| create!(attr, &block) } else block = current_scope_restoring_block(&block) scoping { _create!(attributes, &block) } end end def first_or_create(attributes = nil, &block) # :nodoc: first || create(attributes, &block) end def first_or_create!(attributes = nil, &block) # :nodoc: first || create!(attributes, &block) end def first_or_initialize(attributes = nil, &block) # :nodoc: first || new(attributes, &block) end # Finds the first record with the given attributes, or creates a record # with the attributes if one is not found: # # # Find the first user named "Penélope" or create a new one. # User.find_or_create_by(first_name: 'Penélope') # # => # # # # Find the first user named "Penélope" or create a new one. # # We already have one so the existing record will be returned. # User.find_or_create_by(first_name: 'Penélope') # # => # # # # Find the first user named "Scarlett" or create a new one with # # a particular last name. # User.create_with(last_name: 'Johansson').find_or_create_by(first_name: 'Scarlett') # # => # # # This method accepts a block, which is passed down to #create. The last example # above can be alternatively written this way: # # # Find the first user named "Scarlett" or create a new one with a # # particular last name. # User.find_or_create_by(first_name: 'Scarlett') do |user| # user.last_name = 'Johansson' # end # # => # # # This method always returns a record, but if creation was attempted and # failed due to validation errors it won't be persisted, you get what # #create returns in such situation. # # Please note this method is not atomic, it runs first a SELECT, and if # there are no results an INSERT is attempted. If there are other threads # or processes there is a race condition between both calls and it could # be the case that you end up with two similar records. # # If this might be a problem for your application, please see #create_or_find_by. def find_or_create_by(attributes, &block) find_by(attributes) || create(attributes, &block) end # Like #find_or_create_by, but calls # {create!}[rdoc-ref:Persistence::ClassMethods#create!] so an exception # is raised if the created record is invalid. def find_or_create_by!(attributes, &block) find_by(attributes) || create!(attributes, &block) end # Attempts to create a record with the given attributes in a table that has a unique database constraint # on one or several of its columns. If a row already exists with one or several of these # unique constraints, the exception such an insertion would normally raise is caught, # and the existing record with those attributes is found using #find_by!. # # This is similar to #find_or_create_by, but avoids the problem of stale reads between the SELECT # and the INSERT, as that method needs to first query the table, then attempt to insert a row # if none is found. # # There are several drawbacks to #create_or_find_by, though: # # * The underlying table must have the relevant columns defined with unique database constraints. # * A unique constraint violation may be triggered by only one, or at least less than all, # of the given attributes. This means that the subsequent #find_by! may fail to find a # matching record, which will then raise an ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound exception, # rather than a record with the given attributes. # * While we avoid the race condition between SELECT -> INSERT from #find_or_create_by, # we actually have another race condition between INSERT -> SELECT, which can be triggered # if a DELETE between those two statements is run by another client. But for most applications, # that's a significantly less likely condition to hit. # * It relies on exception handling to handle control flow, which may be marginally slower. # * The primary key may auto-increment on each create, even if it fails. This can accelerate # the problem of running out of integers, if the underlying table is still stuck on a primary # key of type int (note: All Rails apps since 5.1+ have defaulted to bigint, which is not liable # to this problem). # # This method will return a record if all given attributes are covered by unique constraints # (unless the INSERT -> DELETE -> SELECT race condition is triggered), but if creation was attempted # and failed due to validation errors it won't be persisted, you get what #create returns in # such situation. def create_or_find_by(attributes, &block) transaction(requires_new: true) { create(attributes, &block) } rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique find_by!(attributes) end # Like #create_or_find_by, but calls # {create!}[rdoc-ref:Persistence::ClassMethods#create!] so an exception # is raised if the created record is invalid. def create_or_find_by!(attributes, &block) transaction(requires_new: true) { create!(attributes, &block) } rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique find_by!(attributes) end # Like #find_or_create_by, but calls {new}[rdoc-ref:Core#new] # instead of {create}[rdoc-ref:Persistence::ClassMethods#create]. def find_or_initialize_by(attributes, &block) find_by(attributes) || new(attributes, &block) end # Runs EXPLAIN on the query or queries triggered by this relation and # returns the result as a string. The string is formatted imitating the # ones printed by the database shell. # # Note that this method actually runs the queries, since the results of some # are needed by the next ones when eager loading is going on. # # Please see further details in the # {Active Record Query Interface guide}[https://guides.rubyonrails.org/active_record_querying.html#running-explain]. def explain exec_explain(collecting_queries_for_explain { exec_queries }) end # Converts relation objects to Array. def to_ary records.dup end alias to_a to_ary def records # :nodoc: load @records end # Serializes the relation objects Array. def encode_with(coder) coder.represent_seq(nil, records) end # Returns size of the records. def size if loaded? records.length else count(:all) end end # Returns true if there are no records. def empty? if loaded? records.empty? else !exists? end end # Returns true if there are no records. def none? return super if block_given? empty? end # Returns true if there are any records. def any? return super if block_given? !empty? end # Returns true if there is exactly one record. def one? return super if block_given? return records.one? if loaded? limited_count == 1 end # Returns true if there is more than one record. def many? return super if block_given? return records.many? if loaded? limited_count > 1 end # Returns a stable cache key that can be used to identify this query. # The cache key is built with a fingerprint of the SQL query. # # Product.where("name like ?", "%Cosmic Encounter%").cache_key # # => "products/query-1850ab3d302391b85b8693e941286659" # # If ActiveRecord::Base.collection_cache_versioning is turned off, as it was # in Rails 6.0 and earlier, the cache key will also include a version. # # ActiveRecord::Base.collection_cache_versioning = false # Product.where("name like ?", "%Cosmic Encounter%").cache_key # # => "products/query-1850ab3d302391b85b8693e941286659-1-20150714212553907087000" # # You can also pass a custom timestamp column to fetch the timestamp of the # last updated record. # # Product.where("name like ?", "%Game%").cache_key(:last_reviewed_at) def cache_key(timestamp_column = "updated_at") @cache_keys ||= {} @cache_keys[timestamp_column] ||= klass.collection_cache_key(self, timestamp_column) end def compute_cache_key(timestamp_column = :updated_at) # :nodoc: query_signature = ActiveSupport::Digest.hexdigest(to_sql) key = "#{klass.model_name.cache_key}/query-#{query_signature}" if collection_cache_versioning key else "#{key}-#{compute_cache_version(timestamp_column)}" end end private :compute_cache_key # Returns a cache version that can be used together with the cache key to form # a recyclable caching scheme. The cache version is built with the number of records # matching the query, and the timestamp of the last updated record. When a new record # comes to match the query, or any of the existing records is updated or deleted, # the cache version changes. # # If the collection is loaded, the method will iterate through the records # to generate the timestamp, otherwise it will trigger one SQL query like: # # SELECT COUNT(*), MAX("products"."updated_at") FROM "products" WHERE (name like '%Cosmic Encounter%') def cache_version(timestamp_column = :updated_at) if collection_cache_versioning @cache_versions ||= {} @cache_versions[timestamp_column] ||= compute_cache_version(timestamp_column) end end def compute_cache_version(timestamp_column) # :nodoc: timestamp_column = timestamp_column.to_s if loaded? size = records.size if size > 0 timestamp = records.map { |record| record.read_attribute(timestamp_column) }.max end else collection = eager_loading? ? apply_join_dependency : self column = connection.visitor.compile(table[timestamp_column]) select_values = "COUNT(*) AS #{connection.quote_column_name("size")}, MAX(%s) AS timestamp" if collection.has_limit_or_offset? query = collection.select("#{column} AS collection_cache_key_timestamp") query._select!(table[Arel.star]) if distinct_value && collection.select_values.empty? subquery_alias = "subquery_for_cache_key" subquery_column = "#{subquery_alias}.collection_cache_key_timestamp" arel = query.build_subquery(subquery_alias, select_values % subquery_column) else query = collection.unscope(:order) query.select_values = [select_values % column] arel = query.arel end size, timestamp = connection.select_rows(arel, nil).first if size column_type = klass.type_for_attribute(timestamp_column) timestamp = column_type.deserialize(timestamp) else size = 0 end end if timestamp "#{size}-#{timestamp.utc.to_fs(cache_timestamp_format)}" else "#{size}" end end private :compute_cache_version # Returns a cache key along with the version. def cache_key_with_version if version = cache_version "#{cache_key}-#{version}" else cache_key end end # Scope all queries to the current scope. # # Comment.where(post_id: 1).scoping do # Comment.first # end # # => SELECT "comments".* FROM "comments" WHERE "comments"."post_id" = 1 ORDER BY "comments"."id" ASC LIMIT 1 # # If all_queries: true is passed, scoping will apply to all queries # for the relation including +update+ and +delete+ on instances. # Once +all_queries+ is set to true it cannot be set to false in a # nested block. # # Please check unscoped if you want to remove all previous scopes (including # the default_scope) during the execution of a block. def scoping(all_queries: nil, &block) registry = klass.scope_registry if global_scope?(registry) && all_queries == false raise ArgumentError, "Scoping is set to apply to all queries and cannot be unset in a nested block." elsif already_in_scope?(registry) yield else _scoping(self, registry, all_queries, &block) end end def _exec_scope(...) # :nodoc: @delegate_to_klass = true registry = klass.scope_registry _scoping(nil, registry) { instance_exec(...) || self } ensure @delegate_to_klass = false end # Updates all records in the current relation with details given. This method constructs a single SQL UPDATE # statement and sends it straight to the database. It does not instantiate the involved models and it does not # trigger Active Record callbacks or validations. However, values passed to #update_all will still go through # Active Record's normal type casting and serialization. Returns the number of rows affected. # # Note: As Active Record callbacks are not triggered, this method will not automatically update +updated_at+/+updated_on+ columns. # # ==== Parameters # # * +updates+ - A string, array, or hash representing the SET part of an SQL statement. # # ==== Examples # # # Update all customers with the given attributes # Customer.update_all wants_email: true # # # Update all books with 'Rails' in their title # Book.where('title LIKE ?', '%Rails%').update_all(author: 'David') # # # Update all books that match conditions, but limit it to 5 ordered by date # Book.where('title LIKE ?', '%Rails%').order(:created_at).limit(5).update_all(author: 'David') # # # Update all invoices and set the number column to its id value. # Invoice.update_all('number = id') def update_all(updates) raise ArgumentError, "Empty list of attributes to change" if updates.blank? if updates.is_a?(Hash) if klass.locking_enabled? && !updates.key?(klass.locking_column) && !updates.key?(klass.locking_column.to_sym) attr = table[klass.locking_column] updates[attr.name] = _increment_attribute(attr) end values = _substitute_values(updates) else values = Arel.sql(klass.sanitize_sql_for_assignment(updates, table.name)) end arel = eager_loading? ? apply_join_dependency.arel : build_arel arel.source.left = table group_values_arel_columns = arel_columns(group_values.uniq) having_clause_ast = having_clause.ast unless having_clause.empty? stmt = arel.compile_update(values, table[primary_key], having_clause_ast, group_values_arel_columns) klass.connection.update(stmt, "#{klass} Update All").tap { reset } end def update(id = :all, attributes) # :nodoc: if id == :all each { |record| record.update(attributes) } else klass.update(id, attributes) end end def update!(id = :all, attributes) # :nodoc: if id == :all each { |record| record.update!(attributes) } else klass.update!(id, attributes) end end # Updates the counters of the records in the current relation. # # ==== Parameters # # * +counter+ - A Hash containing the names of the fields to update as keys and the amount to update as values. # * :touch option - Touch the timestamp columns when updating. # * If attributes names are passed, they are updated along with update_at/on attributes. # # ==== Examples # # # For Posts by a given author increment the comment_count by 1. # Post.where(author_id: author.id).update_counters(comment_count: 1) def update_counters(counters) touch = counters.delete(:touch) updates = {} counters.each do |counter_name, value| attr = table[counter_name] updates[attr.name] = _increment_attribute(attr, value) end if touch names = touch if touch != true names = Array.wrap(names) options = names.extract_options! touch_updates = klass.touch_attributes_with_time(*names, **options) updates.merge!(touch_updates) unless touch_updates.empty? end update_all updates end # Touches all records in the current relation, setting the +updated_at+/+updated_on+ attributes to the current time or the time specified. # It does not instantiate the involved models, and it does not trigger Active Record callbacks or validations. # This method can be passed attribute names and an optional time argument. # If attribute names are passed, they are updated along with +updated_at+/+updated_on+ attributes. # If no time argument is passed, the current time is used as default. # # === Examples # # # Touch all records # Person.all.touch_all # # => "UPDATE \"people\" SET \"updated_at\" = '2018-01-04 22:55:23.132670'" # # # Touch multiple records with a custom attribute # Person.all.touch_all(:created_at) # # => "UPDATE \"people\" SET \"updated_at\" = '2018-01-04 22:55:23.132670', \"created_at\" = '2018-01-04 22:55:23.132670'" # # # Touch multiple records with a specified time # Person.all.touch_all(time: Time.new(2020, 5, 16, 0, 0, 0)) # # => "UPDATE \"people\" SET \"updated_at\" = '2020-05-16 00:00:00'" # # # Touch records with scope # Person.where(name: 'David').touch_all # # => "UPDATE \"people\" SET \"updated_at\" = '2018-01-04 22:55:23.132670' WHERE \"people\".\"name\" = 'David'" def touch_all(*names, time: nil) update_all klass.touch_attributes_with_time(*names, time: time) end # Destroys the records by instantiating each # record and calling its {#destroy}[rdoc-ref:Persistence#destroy] method. # Each object's callbacks are executed (including :dependent association options). # Returns the collection of objects that were destroyed; each will be frozen, to # reflect that no changes should be made (since they can't be persisted). # # Note: Instantiation, callback execution, and deletion of each # record can be time consuming when you're removing many records at # once. It generates at least one SQL +DELETE+ query per record (or # possibly more, to enforce your callbacks). If you want to delete many # rows quickly, without concern for their associations or callbacks, use # #delete_all instead. # # ==== Examples # # Person.where(age: 0..18).destroy_all def destroy_all records.each(&:destroy).tap { reset } end # Deletes the records without instantiating the records # first, and hence not calling the {#destroy}[rdoc-ref:Persistence#destroy] # method nor invoking callbacks. # This is a single SQL DELETE statement that goes straight to the database, much more # efficient than #destroy_all. Be careful with relations though, in particular # :dependent rules defined on associations are not honored. Returns the # number of rows affected. # # Post.where(person_id: 5).where(category: ['Something', 'Else']).delete_all # # Both calls delete the affected posts all at once with a single DELETE statement. # If you need to destroy dependent associations or call your before_* or # +after_destroy+ callbacks, use the #destroy_all method instead. # # If an invalid method is supplied, #delete_all raises an ActiveRecordError: # # Post.distinct.delete_all # # => ActiveRecord::ActiveRecordError: delete_all doesn't support distinct def delete_all invalid_methods = INVALID_METHODS_FOR_DELETE_ALL.select do |method| value = @values[method] method == :distinct ? value : value&.any? end if invalid_methods.any? raise ActiveRecordError.new("delete_all doesn't support #{invalid_methods.join(', ')}") end arel = eager_loading? ? apply_join_dependency.arel : build_arel arel.source.left = table group_values_arel_columns = arel_columns(group_values.uniq) having_clause_ast = having_clause.ast unless having_clause.empty? stmt = arel.compile_delete(table[primary_key], having_clause_ast, group_values_arel_columns) klass.connection.delete(stmt, "#{klass} Delete All").tap { reset } end # Finds and destroys all records matching the specified conditions. # This is short-hand for relation.where(condition).destroy_all. # Returns the collection of objects that were destroyed. # # If no record is found, returns empty array. # # Person.destroy_by(id: 13) # Person.destroy_by(name: 'Spartacus', rating: 4) # Person.destroy_by("published_at < ?", 2.weeks.ago) def destroy_by(*args) where(*args).destroy_all end # Finds and deletes all records matching the specified conditions. # This is short-hand for relation.where(condition).delete_all. # Returns the number of rows affected. # # If no record is found, returns 0 as zero rows were affected. # # Person.delete_by(id: 13) # Person.delete_by(name: 'Spartacus', rating: 4) # Person.delete_by("published_at < ?", 2.weeks.ago) def delete_by(*args) where(*args).delete_all end # Schedule the query to be performed from a background thread pool. # # Post.where(published: true).load_async # => #<:relation> # # When the +Relation+ is iterated, if the background query wasn't executed yet, # it will be performed by the foreground thread. # # Note that {config.active_record.async_query_executor}[https://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#config-active-record-async-query-executor] must be configured # for queries to actually be executed concurrently. Otherwise it defaults to # executing them in the foreground. # # +load_async+ will also fall back to executing in the foreground in the test environment when transactional # fixtures are enabled. # # If the query was actually executed in the background, the Active Record logs will show # it by prefixing the log line with ASYNC: # # ASYNC Post Load (0.0ms) (db time 2ms) SELECT "posts".* FROM "posts" LIMIT 100 def load_async return load if !connection.async_enabled? unless loaded? result = exec_main_query(async: connection.current_transaction.closed?) if result.is_a?(Array) @records = result else @future_result = result end @loaded = true end self end # Returns true if the relation was scheduled on the background # thread pool. def scheduled? !!@future_result end # Causes the records to be loaded from the database if they have not # been loaded already. You can use this if for some reason you need # to explicitly load some records before actually using them. The # return value is the relation itself, not the records. # # Post.where(published: true).load # => #<:relation> def load(&block) if !loaded? || scheduled? @records = exec_queries(&block) @loaded = true end self end # Forces reloading of relation. def reload reset load end def reset @future_result&.cancel @future_result = nil @delegate_to_klass = false @to_sql = @arel = @loaded = @should_eager_load = nil @offsets = @take = nil @cache_keys = nil @cache_versions = nil @records = nil self end # Returns sql statement for the relation. # # User.where(name: 'Oscar').to_sql # # => SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."name" = 'Oscar' def to_sql @to_sql ||= if eager_loading? apply_join_dependency do |relation, join_dependency| relation = join_dependency.apply_column_aliases(relation) relation.to_sql end else conn = klass.connection conn.unprepared_statement { conn.to_sql(arel) } end end # Returns a hash of where conditions. # # User.where(name: 'Oscar').where_values_hash # # => {name: "Oscar"} def where_values_hash(relation_table_name = klass.table_name) # :nodoc: where_clause.to_h(relation_table_name) end def scope_for_create hash = where_clause.to_h(klass.table_name, equality_only: true) create_with_value.each { |k, v| hash[k.to_s] = v } unless create_with_value.empty? hash end # Returns true if relation needs eager loading. def eager_loading? @should_eager_load ||= eager_load_values.any? || includes_values.any? && (joined_includes_values.any? || references_eager_loaded_tables?) end # Joins that are also marked for preloading. In which case we should just eager load them. # Note that this is a naive implementation because we could have strings and symbols which # represent the same association, but that aren't matched by this. Also, we could have # nested hashes which partially match, e.g. { a: :b } & { a: [:b, :c] } def joined_includes_values includes_values & joins_values end # Compares two relations for equality. def ==(other) case other when Associations::CollectionProxy, AssociationRelation self == other.records when Relation other.to_sql == to_sql when Array records == other end end def pretty_print(q) q.pp(records) end # Returns true if relation is blank. def blank? records.blank? end def values @values.dup end def values_for_queries # :nodoc: @values.except(:extending, :skip_query_cache, :strict_loading) end def inspect subject = loaded? ? records : annotate("loading for inspect") entries = subject.take([limit_value, 11].compact.min).map!(&:inspect) entries[10] = "..." if entries.size == 11 "#<#{self.class.name} [#{entries.join(', ')}]>" end def empty_scope? # :nodoc: @values == klass.unscoped.values end def has_limit_or_offset? # :nodoc: limit_value || offset_value end def alias_tracker(joins = [], aliases = nil) # :nodoc: ActiveRecord::Associations::AliasTracker.create(connection, table.name, joins, aliases) end class StrictLoadingScope # :nodoc: def self.empty_scope? true end def self.strict_loading_value true end end def preload_associations(records) # :nodoc: preload = preload_values preload += includes_values unless eager_loading? scope = strict_loading_value ? StrictLoadingScope : nil preload.each do |associations| ActiveRecord::Associations::Preloader.new(records: records, associations: associations, scope: scope).call end end protected def load_records(records) @records = records.freeze @loaded = true end def null_relation? # :nodoc: is_a?(NullRelation) end private def already_in_scope?(registry) @delegate_to_klass && registry.current_scope(klass, true) end def global_scope?(registry) registry.global_current_scope(klass, true) end def current_scope_restoring_block(&block) current_scope = klass.current_scope(true) -> record do klass.current_scope = current_scope yield record if block_given? end end def _new(attributes, &block) klass.new(attributes, &block) end def _create(attributes, &block) klass.create(attributes, &block) end def _create!(attributes, &block) klass.create!(attributes, &block) end def _scoping(scope, registry, all_queries = false) previous = registry.current_scope(klass, true) registry.set_current_scope(klass, scope) if all_queries previous_global = registry.global_current_scope(klass, true) registry.set_global_current_scope(klass, scope) end yield ensure registry.set_current_scope(klass, previous) if all_queries registry.set_global_current_scope(klass, previous_global) end end def _substitute_values(values) values.map do |name, value| attr = table[name] unless Arel.arel_node?(value) type = klass.type_for_attribute(attr.name) value = predicate_builder.build_bind_attribute(attr.name, type.cast(value)) end [attr, value] end end def _increment_attribute(attribute, value = 1) bind = predicate_builder.build_bind_attribute(attribute.name, value.abs) expr = table.coalesce(Arel::Nodes::UnqualifiedColumn.new(attribute), 0) expr = value < 0 ? expr - bind : expr + bind expr.expr end def exec_queries(&block) skip_query_cache_if_necessary do rows = if scheduled? future = @future_result @future_result = nil future.result else exec_main_query end records = instantiate_records(rows, &block) preload_associations(records) unless skip_preloading_value records.each(&:readonly!) if readonly_value records.each { |record| record.strict_loading!(strict_loading_value) } unless strict_loading_value.nil? records end end def exec_main_query(async: false) skip_query_cache_if_necessary do if where_clause.contradiction? [].freeze elsif eager_loading? apply_join_dependency do |relation, join_dependency| if relation.null_relation? [].freeze else relation = join_dependency.apply_column_aliases(relation) @_join_dependency = join_dependency connection.select_all(relation.arel, "SQL", async: async) end end else klass._query_by_sql(arel, async: async) end end end def instantiate_records(rows, &block) return [].freeze if rows.empty? if eager_loading? records = @_join_dependency.instantiate(rows, strict_loading_value, &block).freeze @_join_dependency = nil records else klass._load_from_sql(rows, &block).freeze end end def skip_query_cache_if_necessary(&block) if skip_query_cache_value uncached(&block) else yield end end def references_eager_loaded_tables? joined_tables = build_joins([]).flat_map do |join| if join.is_a?(Arel::Nodes::StringJoin) tables_in_string(join.left) else join.left.name end end joined_tables << table.name # always convert table names to downcase as in Oracle quoted table names are in uppercase joined_tables.map!(&:downcase) !(references_values.map(&:to_s) - joined_tables).empty? end def tables_in_string(string) return [] if string.blank? # always convert table names to downcase as in Oracle quoted table names are in uppercase # ignore raw_sql_ that is used by Oracle adapter as alias for limit/offset subqueries string.scan(/[a-zA-Z_][.\w]+(?=.?\.)/).map!(&:downcase) - ["raw_sql_"] end def limited_count limit_value ? count : limit(2).count end end end