# Contributing to AngularJS We'd love for you to contribute to our source code and to make AngularJS even better than it is today! Here are the guidelines we'd like you to follow: - [Code of Conduct](#coc) - [Question or Problem?](#question) - [Issues and Bugs](#issue) - [Feature Requests](#feature) - [Submission Guidelines](#submit) - [Coding Rules](#rules) - [Commit Message Guidelines](#commit) - [Signing the CLA](#cla) - [Further Info](#info) ## Code of Conduct Help us keep Angular open and inclusive. Please read and follow our [Code of Conduct][coc]. ## Got a Question or Problem? If you have questions about how to use AngularJS, please direct these to the [Google Group][groups] discussion list or [StackOverflow][stackoverflow]. We are also available on [IRC][irc] and [Gitter][gitter]. ## Found an Issue? If you find a bug in the source code or a mistake in the documentation, you can help us by submitting an issue to our [GitHub Repository][github]. Even better you can submit a Pull Request with a fix. **Localization Issues:** Angular.js uses the [Google Closure I18N library] to generate its own I18N files (the ngLocale module). This means that any changes to these files would be lost the next time that we import the library. Since the Closure library i18n data is itself auto-generated from the data of the [Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR)] project, errors in the data should be reported there. See also the [Closure guide to i18n changes]. **Please see the [Submission Guidelines](#submit) below.** ## Want a Feature? You can request a new feature by submitting an issue to our [GitHub Repository][github]. If you would like to implement a new feature then consider what kind of change it is: * **Major Changes** that you wish to contribute to the project should be discussed first on our [dev mailing list][angular-dev] or [IRC][irc] so that we can better coordinate our efforts, prevent duplication of work, and help you to craft the change so that it is successfully accepted into the project. * **Small Changes** can be crafted and submitted to the [GitHub Repository][github] as a Pull Request. ## Want a Doc Fix? If you want to help improve the docs, it's a good idea to let others know what you're working on to minimize duplication of effort. Create a new issue (or comment on a related existing one) to let others know what you're working on. For large fixes, please build and test the documentation before submitting the PR to be sure you haven't accidentally introduced any layout or formatting issues. You should also make sure that your commit message starts with "docs" and follows the **[Commit Message Guidelines](#commit)** outlined below. If you're just making a small change, don't worry about filing an issue first. Use the friendly blue "Improve this doc" button at the top right of the doc page to fork the repository in-place and make a quick change on the fly. When naming the commit, it is advised to follow the commit message guidelines below, by starting the commit message with **docs** and referencing the filename. Since this is not obvious and some changes are made on the fly, this is not strictly necessary and we will understand if this isn't done the first few times. ## Submission Guidelines ### Submitting an Issue Before you submit your issue search the archive, maybe your question was already answered. If your issue appears to be a bug, and hasn't been reported, open a new issue. Help us to maximize the effort we can spend fixing issues and adding new features, by not reporting duplicate issues. Providing the following information will increase the chances of your issue being dealt with quickly: * **Overview of the Issue** - if an error is being thrown a non-minified stack trace helps * **Motivation for or Use Case** - explain why this is a bug for you * **Angular Version(s)** - is it a regression? * **Browsers and Operating System** - is this a problem with all browsers or only specific ones? * **Reproduce the Error** - provide a live example (using [Plunker][plunker] or [JSFiddle][jsfiddle]) or an unambiguous set of steps. * **Related Issues** - has a similar issue been reported before? * **Suggest a Fix** - if you can't fix the bug yourself, perhaps you can point to what might be causing the problem (line of code or commit) Here is a great example of a well defined issue: https://github.com/angular/angular.js/issues/5069 **If you get help, help others. Good karma rulez!** ### Submitting a Pull Request Before you submit your pull request consider the following guidelines: * Search [GitHub](https://github.com/angular/angular.js/pulls) for an open or closed Pull Request that relates to your submission. You don't want to duplicate effort. * Please sign our [Contributor License Agreement (CLA)](#cla) before sending pull requests. We cannot accept code without this. * Make your changes in a new git branch: ```shell git checkout -b my-fix-branch master ``` * Create your patch, **including appropriate test cases**. * Follow our [Coding Rules](#rules). * Run the full Angular test suite, as described in the [developer documentation][dev-doc], and ensure that all tests pass. * Commit your changes using a descriptive commit message that follows our [commit message conventions](#commit) and passes our commit message presubmit hook (`validate-commit-msg.js`). Adherence to the [commit message conventions](#commit) is required, because release notes are automatically generated from these messages. ```shell git commit -a ``` Note: the optional commit `-a` command line option will automatically "add" and "rm" edited files. * Build your changes locally to ensure all the tests pass: ```shell grunt test ``` * Push your branch to GitHub: ```shell git push origin my-fix-branch ``` In GitHub, send a pull request to `angular:master`. If we suggest changes, then: * Make the required updates. * Re-run the Angular test suite to ensure tests are still passing. * Commit your changes to your branch (e.g. `my-fix-branch`). * Push the changes to your GitHub repository (this will update your Pull Request). If the PR gets too outdated we may ask you to rebase and force push to update the PR: ```shell git rebase master -i git push origin my-fix-branch -f ``` _WARNING: Squashing or reverting commits and force-pushing thereafter may remove GitHub comments on code that were previously made by you or others in your commits. Avoid any form of rebasing unless necessary._ That's it! Thank you for your contribution! #### After your pull request is merged After your pull request is merged, you can safely delete your branch and pull the changes from the main (upstream) repository: * Delete the remote branch on GitHub either through the GitHub web UI or your local shell as follows: ```shell git push origin --delete my-fix-branch ``` * Check out the master branch: ```shell git checkout master -f ``` * Delete the local branch: ```shell git branch -D my-fix-branch ``` * Update your master with the latest upstream version: ```shell git pull --ff upstream master ``` ## Coding Rules To ensure consistency throughout the source code, keep these rules in mind as you are working: * All features or bug fixes **must be tested** by one or more [specs][unit-testing]. * All public API methods **must be documented** with ngdoc, an extended version of jsdoc (we added support for markdown and templating via @ngdoc tag). To see how we document our APIs, please check out the existing ngdocs and see [this wiki page][ngDocs]. * With the exceptions listed below, we follow the rules contained in [Google's JavaScript Style Guide][js-style-guide]: * **Do not use namespaces**: Instead, wrap the entire angular code base in an anonymous closure and export our API explicitly rather than implicitly. * Wrap all code at **100 characters**. * Instead of complex inheritance hierarchies, we **prefer simple objects**. We use prototypal inheritance only when absolutely necessary. * We **love functions and closures** and, whenever possible, prefer them over objects. * To write concise code that can be better minified, we **use aliases internally** that map to the external API. See our existing code to see what we mean. * We **don't go crazy with type annotations** for private internal APIs unless it's an internal API that is used throughout AngularJS. The best guidance is to do what makes the most sense. ## Git Commit Guidelines We have very precise rules over how our git commit messages can be formatted. This leads to **more readable messages** that are easy to follow when looking through the **project history**. But also, we use the git commit messages to **generate the AngularJS change log**. The commit message formatting can be added using a typical git workflow or through the use of a CLI wizard ([Commitizen](https://github.com/commitizen/cz-cli)). To use the wizard, run `yarn run commit` in your terminal after staging your changes in git. ### Commit Message Format Each commit message consists of a **header**, a **body** and a **footer**. The header has a special format that includes a **type**, a **scope** and a **subject**: ``` ():