// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto // Copyright (c) 2009-2014 The Bitcoin Core developers // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php. #ifndef BITCOIN_MAIN_H #define BITCOIN_MAIN_H #if defined(HAVE_CONFIG_H) #include "config/bitcoin-config.h" #endif #include "amount.h" #include "chain.h" #include "chainparams.h" #include "coins.h" #include "primitives/block.h" #include "primitives/transaction.h" #include "net.h" #include "pow.h" #include "script/script.h" #include "script/sigcache.h" #include "script/standard.h" #include "sync.h" #include "tinyformat.h" #include "txmempool.h" #include "uint256.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include class CBlockIndex; class CBlockTreeDB; class CBloomFilter; class CInv; class CScriptCheck; class CValidationInterface; class CValidationState; struct CBlockTemplate; struct CNodeStateStats; /** Default for -blockmaxsize and -blockminsize, which control the range of sizes the mining code will create **/ static const unsigned int DEFAULT_BLOCK_MAX_SIZE = 750000; static const unsigned int DEFAULT_BLOCK_MIN_SIZE = 0; /** Default for -blockprioritysize, maximum space for zero/low-fee transactions **/ static const unsigned int DEFAULT_BLOCK_PRIORITY_SIZE = 50000; /** The maximum size for transactions we're willing to relay/mine */ static const unsigned int MAX_STANDARD_TX_SIZE = 100000; /** The maximum allowed number of signature check operations in a block (network rule) */ static const unsigned int MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS = MAX_BLOCK_SIZE/50; /** Maximum number of signature check operations in an IsStandard() P2SH script */ static const unsigned int MAX_P2SH_SIGOPS = 15; /** The maximum number of sigops we're willing to relay/mine in a single tx */ static const unsigned int MAX_STANDARD_TX_SIGOPS = MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS/5; /** Default for -maxorphantx, maximum number of orphan transactions kept in memory */ static const unsigned int DEFAULT_MAX_ORPHAN_TRANSACTIONS = 100; /** The maximum size of a blk?????.dat file (since 0.8) */ static const unsigned int MAX_BLOCKFILE_SIZE = 0x8000000; // 128 MiB /** The pre-allocation chunk size for blk?????.dat files (since 0.8) */ static const unsigned int BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE = 0x1000000; // 16 MiB /** The pre-allocation chunk size for rev?????.dat files (since 0.8) */ static const unsigned int UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE = 0x100000; // 1 MiB /** Coinbase transaction outputs can only be spent after this number of new blocks (network rule) */ static const int COINBASE_MATURITY = 100; /** Threshold for nLockTime: below this value it is interpreted as block number, otherwise as UNIX timestamp. */ static const unsigned int LOCKTIME_THRESHOLD = 500000000; // Tue Nov 5 00:53:20 1985 UTC /** Maximum number of script-checking threads allowed */ static const int MAX_SCRIPTCHECK_THREADS = 16; /** -par default (number of script-checking threads, 0 = auto) */ static const int DEFAULT_SCRIPTCHECK_THREADS = 0; /** Number of blocks that can be requested at any given time from a single peer. */ static const int MAX_BLOCKS_IN_TRANSIT_PER_PEER = 16; /** Timeout in seconds during which a peer must stall block download progress before being disconnected. */ static const unsigned int BLOCK_STALLING_TIMEOUT = 2; /** Number of headers sent in one getheaders result. We rely on the assumption that if a peer sends * less than this number, we reached their tip. Changing this value is a protocol upgrade. */ static const unsigned int MAX_HEADERS_RESULTS = 2000; /** Size of the "block download window": how far ahead of our current height do we fetch? * Larger windows tolerate larger download speed differences between peer, but increase the potential * degree of disordering of blocks on disk (which make reindexing and in the future perhaps pruning * harder). We'll probably want to make this a per-peer adaptive value at some point. */ static const unsigned int BLOCK_DOWNLOAD_WINDOW = 1024; /** Time to wait (in seconds) between writing blockchain state to disk. */ static const unsigned int DATABASE_WRITE_INTERVAL = 3600; /** Maximum length of reject messages. */ static const unsigned int MAX_REJECT_MESSAGE_LENGTH = 111; /** "reject" message codes */ static const unsigned char REJECT_MALFORMED = 0x01; static const unsigned char REJECT_INVALID = 0x10; static const unsigned char REJECT_OBSOLETE = 0x11; static const unsigned char REJECT_DUPLICATE = 0x12; static const unsigned char REJECT_NONSTANDARD = 0x40; static const unsigned char REJECT_DUST = 0x41; static const unsigned char REJECT_INSUFFICIENTFEE = 0x42; static const unsigned char REJECT_CHECKPOINT = 0x43; struct BlockHasher { size_t operator()(const uint256& hash) const { return hash.GetCheapHash(); } }; extern CScript COINBASE_FLAGS; extern CCriticalSection cs_main; extern CTxMemPool mempool; typedef boost::unordered_map BlockMap; extern BlockMap mapBlockIndex; extern uint64_t nLastBlockTx; extern uint64_t nLastBlockSize; extern const std::string strMessageMagic; extern int64_t nTimeBestReceived; extern CWaitableCriticalSection csBestBlock; extern CConditionVariable cvBlockChange; extern bool fImporting; extern bool fReindex; extern int nScriptCheckThreads; extern bool fTxIndex; extern bool fIsBareMultisigStd; extern unsigned int nCoinCacheSize; extern CFeeRate minRelayTxFee; /** Best header we've seen so far (used for getheaders queries' starting points). */ extern CBlockIndex *pindexBestHeader; /** Minimum disk space required - used in CheckDiskSpace() */ static const uint64_t nMinDiskSpace = 52428800; /** Register a wallet to receive updates from core */ void RegisterValidationInterface(CValidationInterface* pwalletIn); /** Unregister a wallet from core */ void UnregisterValidationInterface(CValidationInterface* pwalletIn); /** Unregister all wallets from core */ void UnregisterAllValidationInterfaces(); /** Push an updated transaction to all registered wallets */ void SyncWithWallets(const CTransaction& tx, const CBlock* pblock = NULL); /** Register with a network node to receive its signals */ void RegisterNodeSignals(CNodeSignals& nodeSignals); /** Unregister a network node */ void UnregisterNodeSignals(CNodeSignals& nodeSignals); /** * Process an incoming block. This only returns after the best known valid * block is made active. Note that it does not, however, guarantee that the * specific block passed to it has been checked for validity! * * @param[out] state This may be set to an Error state if any error occurred processing it, including during validation/connection/etc of otherwise unrelated blocks during reorganisation; or it may be set to an Invalid state if pblock is itself invalid (but this is not guaranteed even when the block is checked). If you want to *possibly* get feedback on whether pblock is valid, you must also install a CValidationInterface - this will have its BlockChecked method called whenever *any* block completes validation. * @param[in] pfrom The node which we are receiving the block from; it is added to mapBlockSource and may be penalised if the block is invalid. * @param[in] pblock The block we want to process. * @param[out] dbp If pblock is stored to disk (or already there), this will be set to its location. * @return True if state.IsValid() */ bool ProcessNewBlock(CValidationState &state, CNode* pfrom, CBlock* pblock, CDiskBlockPos *dbp = NULL); /** Check whether enough disk space is available for an incoming block */ bool CheckDiskSpace(uint64_t nAdditionalBytes = 0); /** Open a block file (blk?????.dat) */ FILE* OpenBlockFile(const CDiskBlockPos &pos, bool fReadOnly = false); /** Open an undo file (rev?????.dat) */ FILE* OpenUndoFile(const CDiskBlockPos &pos, bool fReadOnly = false); /** Translation to a filesystem path */ boost::filesystem::path GetBlockPosFilename(const CDiskBlockPos &pos, const char *prefix); /** Import blocks from an external file */ bool LoadExternalBlockFile(FILE* fileIn, CDiskBlockPos *dbp = NULL); /** Initialize a new block tree database + block data on disk */ bool InitBlockIndex(); /** Load the block tree and coins database from disk */ bool LoadBlockIndex(); /** Unload database information */ void UnloadBlockIndex(); /** Process protocol messages received from a given node */ bool ProcessMessages(CNode* pfrom); /** Send queued protocol messages to be sent to a give node */ bool SendMessages(CNode* pto, bool fSendTrickle); /** Run an instance of the script checking thread */ void ThreadScriptCheck(); /** Check whether we are doing an initial block download (synchronizing from disk or network) */ bool IsInitialBlockDownload(); /** Format a string that describes several potential problems detected by the core */ std::string GetWarnings(std::string strFor); /** Retrieve a transaction (from memory pool, or from disk, if possible) */ bool GetTransaction(const uint256 &hash, CTransaction &tx, uint256 &hashBlock, bool fAllowSlow = false); /** Find the best known block, and make it the tip of the block chain */ bool ActivateBestChain(CValidationState &state, CBlock *pblock = NULL); CAmount GetBlockValue(int nHeight, const CAmount& nFees); /** Create a new block index entry for a given block hash */ CBlockIndex * InsertBlockIndex(uint256 hash); /** Abort with a message */ bool AbortNode(const std::string &msg, const std::string &userMessage=""); /** Get statistics from node state */ bool GetNodeStateStats(NodeId nodeid, CNodeStateStats &stats); /** Increase a node's misbehavior score. */ void Misbehaving(NodeId nodeid, int howmuch); /** Flush all state, indexes and buffers to disk. */ void FlushStateToDisk(); /** (try to) add transaction to memory pool **/ bool AcceptToMemoryPool(CTxMemPool& pool, CValidationState &state, const CTransaction &tx, bool fLimitFree, bool* pfMissingInputs, bool fRejectInsaneFee=false); struct CNodeStateStats { int nMisbehavior; int nSyncHeight; int nCommonHeight; std::vector vHeightInFlight; }; struct CDiskTxPos : public CDiskBlockPos { unsigned int nTxOffset; // after header ADD_SERIALIZE_METHODS; template inline void SerializationOp(Stream& s, Operation ser_action, int nType, int nVersion) { READWRITE(*(CDiskBlockPos*)this); READWRITE(VARINT(nTxOffset)); } CDiskTxPos(const CDiskBlockPos &blockIn, unsigned int nTxOffsetIn) : CDiskBlockPos(blockIn.nFile, blockIn.nPos), nTxOffset(nTxOffsetIn) { } CDiskTxPos() { SetNull(); } void SetNull() { CDiskBlockPos::SetNull(); nTxOffset = 0; } }; CAmount GetMinRelayFee(const CTransaction& tx, unsigned int nBytes, bool fAllowFree); /** * Check transaction inputs, and make sure any * pay-to-script-hash transactions are evaluating IsStandard scripts * * Why bother? To avoid denial-of-service attacks; an attacker * can submit a standard HASH... OP_EQUAL transaction, * which will get accepted into blocks. The redemption * script can be anything; an attacker could use a very * expensive-to-check-upon-redemption script like: * DUP CHECKSIG DROP ... repeated 100 times... OP_1 */ /** * Check for standard transaction types * @param[in] mapInputs Map of previous transactions that have outputs we're spending * @return True if all inputs (scriptSigs) use only standard transaction forms */ bool AreInputsStandard(const CTransaction& tx, const CCoinsViewCache& mapInputs); /** * Count ECDSA signature operations the old-fashioned (pre-0.6) way * @return number of sigops this transaction's outputs will produce when spent * @see CTransaction::FetchInputs */ unsigned int GetLegacySigOpCount(const CTransaction& tx); /** * Count ECDSA signature operations in pay-to-script-hash inputs. * * @param[in] mapInputs Map of previous transactions that have outputs we're spending * @return maximum number of sigops required to validate this transaction's inputs * @see CTransaction::FetchInputs */ unsigned int GetP2SHSigOpCount(const CTransaction& tx, const CCoinsViewCache& mapInputs); /** * Check whether all inputs of this transaction are valid (no double spends, scripts & sigs, amounts) * This does not modify the UTXO set. If pvChecks is not NULL, script checks are pushed onto it * instead of being performed inline. */ bool CheckInputs(const CTransaction& tx, CValidationState &state, const CCoinsViewCache &view, bool fScriptChecks, unsigned int flags, bool cacheStore, std::vector *pvChecks = NULL); /** Apply the effects of this transaction on the UTXO set represented by view */ void UpdateCoins(const CTransaction& tx, CValidationState &state, CCoinsViewCache &inputs, int nHeight); /** Context-independent validity checks */ bool CheckTransaction(const CTransaction& tx, CValidationState& state); /** Check for standard transaction types * @return True if all outputs (scriptPubKeys) use only standard transaction forms */ bool IsStandardTx(const CTransaction& tx, std::string& reason); bool IsFinalTx(const CTransaction &tx, int nBlockHeight = 0, int64_t nBlockTime = 0); /** * Closure representing one script verification * Note that this stores references to the spending transaction */ class CScriptCheck { private: CScript scriptPubKey; const CTransaction *ptxTo; unsigned int nIn; unsigned int nFlags; bool cacheStore; ScriptError error; public: CScriptCheck(): ptxTo(0), nIn(0), nFlags(0), cacheStore(false), error(SCRIPT_ERR_UNKNOWN_ERROR) {} CScriptCheck(const CCoins& txFromIn, const CTransaction& txToIn, unsigned int nInIn, unsigned int nFlagsIn, bool cacheIn) : scriptPubKey(txFromIn.vout[txToIn.vin[nInIn].prevout.n].scriptPubKey), ptxTo(&txToIn), nIn(nInIn), nFlags(nFlagsIn), cacheStore(cacheIn), error(SCRIPT_ERR_UNKNOWN_ERROR) { } bool operator()(); void swap(CScriptCheck &check) { scriptPubKey.swap(check.scriptPubKey); std::swap(ptxTo, check.ptxTo); std::swap(nIn, check.nIn); std::swap(nFlags, check.nFlags); std::swap(cacheStore, check.cacheStore); std::swap(error, check.error); } ScriptError GetScriptError() const { return error; } }; /** Functions for disk access for blocks */ bool WriteBlockToDisk(CBlock& block, CDiskBlockPos& pos); bool ReadBlockFromDisk(CBlock& block, const CDiskBlockPos& pos); bool ReadBlockFromDisk(CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* pindex); /** Functions for validating blocks and updating the block tree */ /** Undo the effects of this block (with given index) on the UTXO set represented by coins. * In case pfClean is provided, operation will try to be tolerant about errors, and *pfClean * will be true if no problems were found. Otherwise, the return value will be false in case * of problems. Note that in any case, coins may be modified. */ bool DisconnectBlock(CBlock& block, CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindex, CCoinsViewCache& coins, bool* pfClean = NULL); /** Apply the effects of this block (with given index) on the UTXO set represented by coins */ bool ConnectBlock(const CBlock& block, CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindex, CCoinsViewCache& coins, bool fJustCheck = false); /** Context-independent validity checks */ bool CheckBlockHeader(const CBlockHeader& block, CValidationState& state, bool fCheckPOW = true); bool CheckBlock(const CBlock& block, CValidationState& state, bool fCheckPOW = true, bool fCheckMerkleRoot = true); /** Context-dependent validity checks */ bool ContextualCheckBlockHeader(const CBlockHeader& block, CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex *pindexPrev); bool ContextualCheckBlock(const CBlock& block, CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex *pindexPrev); /** Check a block is completely valid from start to finish (only works on top of our current best block, with cs_main held) */ bool TestBlockValidity(CValidationState &state, const CBlock& block, CBlockIndex *pindexPrev, bool fCheckPOW = true, bool fCheckMerkleRoot = true); /** Store block on disk. If dbp is provided, the file is known to already reside on disk */ bool AcceptBlock(CBlock& block, CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex **pindex, CDiskBlockPos* dbp = NULL); bool AcceptBlockHeader(const CBlockHeader& block, CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex **ppindex= NULL); class CBlockFileInfo { public: unsigned int nBlocks; //! number of blocks stored in file unsigned int nSize; //! number of used bytes of block file unsigned int nUndoSize; //! number of used bytes in the undo file unsigned int nHeightFirst; //! lowest height of block in file unsigned int nHeightLast; //! highest height of block in file uint64_t nTimeFirst; //! earliest time of block in file uint64_t nTimeLast; //! latest time of block in file ADD_SERIALIZE_METHODS; template inline void SerializationOp(Stream& s, Operation ser_action, int nType, int nVersion) { READWRITE(VARINT(nBlocks)); READWRITE(VARINT(nSize)); READWRITE(VARINT(nUndoSize)); READWRITE(VARINT(nHeightFirst)); READWRITE(VARINT(nHeightLast)); READWRITE(VARINT(nTimeFirst)); READWRITE(VARINT(nTimeLast)); } void SetNull() { nBlocks = 0; nSize = 0; nUndoSize = 0; nHeightFirst = 0; nHeightLast = 0; nTimeFirst = 0; nTimeLast = 0; } CBlockFileInfo() { SetNull(); } std::string ToString() const; /** update statistics (does not update nSize) */ void AddBlock(unsigned int nHeightIn, uint64_t nTimeIn) { if (nBlocks==0 || nHeightFirst > nHeightIn) nHeightFirst = nHeightIn; if (nBlocks==0 || nTimeFirst > nTimeIn) nTimeFirst = nTimeIn; nBlocks++; if (nHeightIn > nHeightLast) nHeightLast = nHeightIn; if (nTimeIn > nTimeLast) nTimeLast = nTimeIn; } }; /** Capture information about block/transaction validation */ class CValidationState { private: enum mode_state { MODE_VALID, //! everything ok MODE_INVALID, //! network rule violation (DoS value may be set) MODE_ERROR, //! run-time error } mode; int nDoS; std::string strRejectReason; unsigned char chRejectCode; bool corruptionPossible; public: CValidationState() : mode(MODE_VALID), nDoS(0), chRejectCode(0), corruptionPossible(false) {} bool DoS(int level, bool ret = false, unsigned char chRejectCodeIn=0, std::string strRejectReasonIn="", bool corruptionIn=false) { chRejectCode = chRejectCodeIn; strRejectReason = strRejectReasonIn; corruptionPossible = corruptionIn; if (mode == MODE_ERROR) return ret; nDoS += level; mode = MODE_INVALID; return ret; } bool Invalid(bool ret = false, unsigned char _chRejectCode=0, std::string _strRejectReason="") { return DoS(0, ret, _chRejectCode, _strRejectReason); } bool Error(std::string strRejectReasonIn="") { if (mode == MODE_VALID) strRejectReason = strRejectReasonIn; mode = MODE_ERROR; return false; } bool Abort(const std::string &msg) { AbortNode(msg); return Error(msg); } bool IsValid() const { return mode == MODE_VALID; } bool IsInvalid() const { return mode == MODE_INVALID; } bool IsError() const { return mode == MODE_ERROR; } bool IsInvalid(int &nDoSOut) const { if (IsInvalid()) { nDoSOut = nDoS; return true; } return false; } bool CorruptionPossible() const { return corruptionPossible; } unsigned char GetRejectCode() const { return chRejectCode; } std::string GetRejectReason() const { return strRejectReason; } }; /** RAII wrapper for VerifyDB: Verify consistency of the block and coin databases */ class CVerifyDB { public: CVerifyDB(); ~CVerifyDB(); bool VerifyDB(CCoinsView *coinsview, int nCheckLevel, int nCheckDepth); }; /** Find the last common block between the parameter chain and a locator. */ CBlockIndex* FindForkInGlobalIndex(const CChain& chain, const CBlockLocator& locator); /** Mark a block as invalid. */ bool InvalidateBlock(CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex *pindex); /** Remove invalidity status from a block and its descendants. */ bool ReconsiderBlock(CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex *pindex); /** The currently-connected chain of blocks. */ extern CChain chainActive; /** Global variable that points to the active CCoinsView (protected by cs_main) */ extern CCoinsViewCache *pcoinsTip; /** Global variable that points to the active block tree (protected by cs_main) */ extern CBlockTreeDB *pblocktree; struct CBlockTemplate { CBlock block; std::vector vTxFees; std::vector vTxSigOps; }; class CValidationInterface { protected: virtual void SyncTransaction(const CTransaction &tx, const CBlock *pblock) {}; virtual void EraseFromWallet(const uint256 &hash) {}; virtual void SetBestChain(const CBlockLocator &locator) {}; virtual void UpdatedTransaction(const uint256 &hash) {}; virtual void Inventory(const uint256 &hash) {}; virtual void ResendWalletTransactions() {}; virtual void BlockChecked(const CBlock&, const CValidationState&) {}; friend void ::RegisterValidationInterface(CValidationInterface*); friend void ::UnregisterValidationInterface(CValidationInterface*); friend void ::UnregisterAllValidationInterfaces(); }; #endif // BITCOIN_MAIN_H