C4/Context.pm

package C4::Context;

# Copyright 2002 Katipo Communications
#
# This file is part of Koha.
#
# Koha is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# Koha is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with Koha; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses>.

use Modern::Perl;

use vars qw($AUTOLOAD $context);
BEGIN {
    if ( $ENV{'HTTP_USER_AGENT'} ) { # Only hit when plack is not enabled

        # Redefine multi_param if cgi version is < 4.08
        # Remove the "CGI::param called in list context" warning in this case
        require CGI;    # Can't check version without the require.
        if ( !defined($CGI::VERSION) || $CGI::VERSION < 4.08 ) {
            no warnings 'redefine';
            *CGI::multi_param = \&CGI::param;
            use warnings 'redefine';
            $CGI::LIST_CONTEXT_WARN = 0;
        }
    }
};

use Carp qw( carp );
use DateTime::TimeZone;
use Encode;
use File::Spec;
use POSIX;
use YAML::XS;
use ZOOM;
use List::MoreUtils qw(any);

use Koha::Caches;
use Koha::Config::SysPref;
use Koha::Config::SysPrefs;
use Koha::Config;
use Koha;

=head1 NAME

C4::Context - Maintain and manipulate the context of a Koha script

=head1 SYNOPSIS

  use C4::Context;

  use C4::Context("/path/to/koha-conf.xml");

  $config_value = C4::Context->config("config_variable");

  $koha_preference = C4::Context->preference("preference");

  $db_handle = C4::Context->dbh;

  $Zconn = C4::Context->Zconn;

=head1 DESCRIPTION

When a Koha script runs, it makes use of a certain number of things:
configuration settings in F</etc/koha/koha-conf.xml>, a connection to the Koha
databases, and so forth. These things make up the I<context> in which
the script runs.

This module takes care of setting up the context for a script:
figuring out which configuration file to load, and loading it, opening
a connection to the right database, and so forth.

By default, C4::Context reads the configuration from
F</etc/koha/koha-conf.xml>. This may be overridden by setting the C<$KOHA_CONF>
environment variable to the pathname of a configuration file to use.

=head1 METHODS

=cut

#'
# In addition to what is said in the POD above, a Context object is a
# reference-to-hash with the following fields:
#
# config
#    A reference-to-hash whose keys and values are the
#    configuration variables and values specified in the config
#    file (/etc/koha/koha-conf.xml).
# dbh
#    A handle to the appropriate database for this context.
# Zconn
#     A connection object for the Zebra server

$context = undef;        # Initially, no context is set

sub import {
    # Create the default context ($C4::Context::Context)
    # the first time the module is called
    # (a config file can be optionaly passed)

    # default context already exists?
    return if $context;

    # no ? so load it!
    my ($pkg,$config_file) = @_ ;
    my $new_ctx = __PACKAGE__->new($config_file);
    return unless $new_ctx;

    # if successfully loaded, use it by default
    $new_ctx->set_context;
    1;
}

=head2 new

  $context = C4::Context->new;
  $context = C4::Context->new("/path/to/koha-conf.xml");

Allocates a new context. Initializes the context from the specified
file, which defaults to either the file given by the C<$KOHA_CONF>
environment variable, or F</etc/koha/koha-conf.xml>.

It saves the koha-conf.xml values in the declared memcached server(s)
if currently available and uses those values until them expire and
re-reads them.

C<&new> does not set this context as the new default context; for
that, use C<&set_context>.

=cut

#'
# Revision History:
# 2004-08-10 A. Tarallo: Added check if the conf file is not empty
sub new {
    my $class = shift;
    my $conf_fname = shift;        # Config file to load

    # check that the specified config file exists and is not empty
    undef $conf_fname unless 
        (defined $conf_fname && -s $conf_fname);
    # Figure out a good config file to load if none was specified.
    unless ( defined $conf_fname ) {
        $conf_fname = Koha::Config->guess_koha_conf;
        unless ( $conf_fname ) {
            warn "unable to locate Koha configuration file koha-conf.xml";
            return;
        }
    }

    my $self = {};
    $self->{config} = Koha::Config->get_instance($conf_fname);
    unless ( defined $self->{config} ) {
        warn "The config file ($conf_fname) has not been parsed correctly";
        return;
    }

    $self->{"Zconn"} = undef;    # Zebra Connections
    $self->{"userenv"} = undef;        # User env
    $self->{"shelves"} = undef;
    $self->{tz} = undef; # local timezone object

    bless $self, $class;
    return $self;
}

=head2 set_context

  $context = new C4::Context;
  $context->set_context();
or
  set_context C4::Context $context;

=cut

#'
sub set_context
{
    my $self = shift;
    my $new_context;    # The context to set

    # Figure out whether this is a class or instance method call.
    #
    # We're going to make the assumption that control got here
    # through valid means, i.e., that the caller used an instance
    # or class method call, and that control got here through the
    # usual inheritance mechanisms. The caller can, of course,
    # break this assumption by playing silly buggers, but that's
    # harder to do than doing it properly, and harder to check
    # for.
    if (ref($self) eq "")
    {
        # Class method. The new context is the next argument.
        $new_context = shift;
    } else {
        # Instance method. The new context is $self.
        $new_context = $self;
    }

    # Set the new context
    $context = $new_context;
}

=head2 config

  $value = C4::Context->config("config_variable");

Returns the value of a variable specified in the configuration file
from which the current context was created.

=cut

sub _common_config {
    my ($var, $term) = @_;

    return unless defined $context and defined $context->{config};

    return $context->{config}->get($var, $term);
}

sub config {
	return _common_config($_[1],'config');
}
sub zebraconfig {
	return _common_config($_[1],'server');
}

=head2 preference

  $sys_preference = C4::Context->preference('some_variable');

Looks up the value of the given system preference in the
systempreferences table of the Koha database, and returns it. If the
variable is not set or does not exist, undef is returned.

In case of an error, this may return 0.

Note: It is impossible to tell the difference between system
preferences which do not exist, and those whose values are set to NULL
with this method.

=cut

my $use_syspref_cache = 1;
sub preference {
    my $self = shift;
    my $var  = shift;    # The system preference to return

    return Encode::decode_utf8($ENV{"OVERRIDE_SYSPREF_$var"})
        if defined $ENV{"OVERRIDE_SYSPREF_$var"};

    $var = lc $var;

    if ($use_syspref_cache) {
        my $syspref_cache = Koha::Caches->get_instance('syspref');
        my $cached_var = $syspref_cache->get_from_cache("syspref_$var");
        return $cached_var if defined $cached_var;
    }

    my $syspref;
    eval { $syspref = Koha::Config::SysPrefs->find( lc $var ) };
    my $value = $syspref ? $syspref->value() : undef;

    if ( $use_syspref_cache ) {
        my $syspref_cache = Koha::Caches->get_instance('syspref');
        $syspref_cache->set_in_cache("syspref_$var", $value);
    }
    return $value;
}

=head2 yaml_preference

Retrieves the required system preference value, and converts it
from YAML into a Perl data structure. It throws an exception if
the value cannot be properly decoded as YAML.

=cut

sub yaml_preference {
    my ( $self, $preference ) = @_;

    my $yaml = eval { YAML::XS::Load( Encode::encode_utf8( $self->preference( $preference ) // '' ) ); };
    if ($@) {
        warn "Unable to parse $preference syspref : $@";
        return;
    }

    # TODO Remove next line when enforced elsewhere
    if( $yaml && lc($preference) eq 'itemsdeniedrenewal' and ref($yaml) ne 'HASH' ) { warn "Hashref expected for $preference"; return; }
    return $yaml;
}

=head2 multivalue_preference

Retrieves the required system preference value, and splits it
into pieces using the I<pipe> (|) symbol as separator.

=cut

sub multivalue_preference {
    my ( $self, $preference ) = @_;

    my $syspref = $self->preference($preference) // q{};
    my $values  = [ split qr{\|}, $syspref ];

    return $values;
}

=head2 enable_syspref_cache

  C4::Context->enable_syspref_cache();

Enable the in-memory syspref cache used by C4::Context. This is the
default behavior.

=cut

sub enable_syspref_cache {
    my ($self) = @_;
    $use_syspref_cache = 1;
    # We need to clear the cache to have it up-to-date
    $self->clear_syspref_cache();
}

=head2 disable_syspref_cache

  C4::Context->disable_syspref_cache();

Disable the in-memory syspref cache used by C4::Context. This should be
used with Plack and other persistent environments.

=cut

sub disable_syspref_cache {
    my ($self) = @_;
    $use_syspref_cache = 0;
    $self->clear_syspref_cache();
}

=head2 clear_syspref_cache

  C4::Context->clear_syspref_cache();

cleans the internal cache of sysprefs. Please call this method if
you update the systempreferences table. Otherwise, your new changes
will not be seen by this process.

=cut

sub clear_syspref_cache {
    return unless $use_syspref_cache;
    my $syspref_cache = Koha::Caches->get_instance('syspref');
    $syspref_cache->flush_all;
}

=head2 set_preference

  C4::Context->set_preference( $variable, $value, [ $explanation, $type, $options ] );

This updates a preference's value both in the systempreferences table and in
the sysprefs cache. If the optional parameters are provided, then the query
becomes a create. It won't update the parameters (except value) for an existing
preference.

=cut

sub set_preference {
    my ( $self, $variable, $value, $explanation, $type, $options ) = @_;

    my $variable_case = $variable;
    $variable = lc $variable;

    my $syspref = Koha::Config::SysPrefs->find($variable);
    $type =
        $type    ? $type
      : $syspref ? $syspref->type
      :            undef;

    $value = 0 if ( $type && $type eq 'YesNo' && $value eq '' );

    # force explicit protocol on OPACBaseURL
    if ( $variable eq 'opacbaseurl' && $value && substr( $value, 0, 4 ) !~ /http/ ) {
        $value = 'http://' . $value;
    }

    if ($syspref) {
        $syspref->set(
            {   ( defined $value ? ( value       => $value )       : () ),
                ( $explanation   ? ( explanation => $explanation ) : () ),
                ( $type          ? ( type        => $type )        : () ),
                ( $options       ? ( options     => $options )     : () ),
            }
        )->store;
    } else {
        $syspref = Koha::Config::SysPref->new(
            {   variable    => $variable_case,
                value       => $value,
                explanation => $explanation || undef,
                type        => $type,
                options     => $options || undef,
            }
        )->store();
    }

    if ( $use_syspref_cache ) {
        my $syspref_cache = Koha::Caches->get_instance('syspref');
        $syspref_cache->set_in_cache( "syspref_$variable", $value );
    }

    return $syspref;
}

=head2 delete_preference

    C4::Context->delete_preference( $variable );

This deletes a system preference from the database. Returns a true value on
success. Failure means there was an issue with the database, not that there
was no syspref of the name.

=cut

sub delete_preference {
    my ( $self, $var ) = @_;

    $var = lc $var;
    if ( Koha::Config::SysPrefs->find( $var )->delete ) {
        if ( $use_syspref_cache ) {
            my $syspref_cache = Koha::Caches->get_instance('syspref');
            $syspref_cache->clear_from_cache("syspref_$var");
        }

        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

=head2 csv_delimiter

    $delimiter = C4::Context->csv_delimiter;

    Returns preferred CSV delimiter, using system preference 'CSVDelimiter'.
    If this preference is missing or empty, comma will be returned.
    This method is needed because of special behavior for tabulation.

    You can, optionally, pass a value parameter to this routine
    in the case of existing delimiter.

=cut

sub csv_delimiter {
    my ( $self, $value ) = @_;
    my $delimiter = $value || $self->preference('CSVDelimiter') || ',';
    $delimiter = "\t" if $delimiter eq 'tabulation';
    return $delimiter;
}

=head2 default_catalog_sort_by

    $delimiter = C4::Context->default_catalog_sort_by;

    Returns default sort by for catalog search.
    For relevance no sort order is used.

    For staff interface, depends on system preferences 'defaultSortField' and 'defaultSortOrder'.
    For OPAC interface, depends on system preferences 'OPACdefaultSortField' and 'OPACdefaultSortOrder'.

=cut

sub default_catalog_sort_by {
    my $self = shift;
    my ( $sort_by, $sort_field, $sort_order );
    if ( C4::Context->interface eq 'opac' ) {
        $sort_field = C4::Context->preference('OPACdefaultSortField');
        $sort_order = C4::Context->preference('OPACdefaultSortOrder');
    } else {
        $sort_field = C4::Context->preference('defaultSortField');
        $sort_order = C4::Context->preference('defaultSortOrder');
    }
    if ( $sort_field && $sort_order ) {
        if ( $sort_field eq 'relevance' ) {
            $sort_by = $sort_field;
        } else {
            $sort_by = $sort_field . '_' . $sort_order;
        }
    }
    return $sort_by;
}

=head2 Zconn

  $Zconn = C4::Context->Zconn

Returns a connection to the Zebra database

C<$self> 

C<$server> one of the servers defined in the koha-conf.xml file

C<$async> whether this is a asynchronous connection

=cut

sub Zconn {
    my ($self, $server, $async ) = @_;
    my $cache_key = join ('::', (map { $_ // '' } ($server, $async )));
    if ( (!defined($ENV{GATEWAY_INTERFACE})) && defined($context->{"Zconn"}->{$cache_key}) && (0 == $context->{"Zconn"}->{$cache_key}->errcode()) ) {
        # if we are running the script from the commandline, lets try to use the caching
        return $context->{"Zconn"}->{$cache_key};
    }
    $context->{"Zconn"}->{$cache_key}->destroy() if defined($context->{"Zconn"}->{$cache_key}); #destroy old connection before making a new one
    $context->{"Zconn"}->{$cache_key} = &_new_Zconn( $server, $async );
    return $context->{"Zconn"}->{$cache_key};
}

=head2 _new_Zconn

$context->{"Zconn"} = &_new_Zconn($server,$async);

Internal function. Creates a new database connection from the data given in the current context and returns it.

C<$server> one of the servers defined in the koha-conf.xml file

C<$async> whether this is a asynchronous connection

C<$auth> whether this connection has rw access (1) or just r access (0 or NULL)

=cut

sub _new_Zconn {
    my ( $server, $async ) = @_;

    my $tried=0; # first attempt
    my $Zconn; # connection object
    my $elementSetName;
    my $syntax;

    $server //= "biblioserver";

    $syntax = 'xml';
    $elementSetName = 'marcxml';

    my $host = _common_config($server, 'listen')->{content};
    my $serverinfo = _common_config($server, 'serverinfo');
    my $user = $serverinfo->{user};
    my $password = $serverinfo->{password};
    eval {
        # set options
        my $o = ZOOM::Options->new();
        $o->option(user => $user) if $user && $password;
        $o->option(password => $password) if $user && $password;
        $o->option(async => 1) if $async;
        $o->option(cqlfile=> _common_config($server, 'server')->{cql2rpn});
        $o->option(cclfile=> $serverinfo->{ccl2rpn});
        $o->option(preferredRecordSyntax => $syntax);
        $o->option(elementSetName => $elementSetName) if $elementSetName;
        $o->option(databaseName => _common_config($server, 'config') || 'biblios');
        my $timeout = C4::Context->config('zebra_connection_timeout') || 30;
        $o->option(timeout => $timeout);

        # create a new connection object
        $Zconn= create ZOOM::Connection($o);

        # forge to server
        $Zconn->connect($host, 0);

        # check for errors and warn
        if ($Zconn->errcode() !=0) {
            warn "something wrong with the connection: ". $Zconn->errmsg();
        }
    };
    return $Zconn;
}

# _new_dbh
# Internal helper function (not a method!). This creates a new
# database connection from the data given in the current context, and
# returns it.
sub _new_dbh
{

    Koha::Database->schema({ new => 1 })->storage->dbh;
}

=head2 dbh

  $dbh = C4::Context->dbh;

Returns a database handle connected to the Koha database for the
current context. If no connection has yet been made, this method
creates one, and connects to the database.

=cut

sub dbh
{
    my $self = shift;
    my $params = shift;

    unless ( $params->{new} ) {
        return Koha::Database->schema->storage->dbh;
    }

    return Koha::Database->schema({ new => 1 })->storage->dbh;
}

=head2 new_dbh

  $dbh = C4::Context->new_dbh;

Creates a new connection to the Koha database for the current context,
and returns the database handle (a C<DBI::db> object).

The handle is not saved anywhere: this method is strictly a
convenience function; the point is that it knows which database to
connect to so that the caller doesn't have to know.

=cut

#'
sub new_dbh
{
    my $self = shift;

    return &dbh({ new => 1 });
}

=head2 userenv

  C4::Context->userenv;

Retrieves a hash for user environment variables.

=cut

sub userenv {
    return $context->{userenv};
}

=head2 set_userenv

  C4::Context->set_userenv($usernum, $userid, $usercnum,
                           $userfirstname, $usersurname,
                           $userbranch, $branchname, $userflags,
                           $emailaddress, $shibboleth
                           $desk_id, $desk_name,
                           $register_id, $register_name);

Establish a hash of user environment variables.

set_userenv is called in Auth.pm

=cut

#'
sub set_userenv {
    shift @_;
    my (
        $usernum,      $userid,     $usercnum,   $userfirstname,
        $usersurname,  $userbranch, $branchname, $userflags,
        $emailaddress, $shibboleth, $desk_id,    $desk_name,
        $register_id,  $register_name
    ) = @_;

    my $cell = {
        "number"     => $usernum,
        "id"         => $userid,
        "cardnumber" => $usercnum,
        "firstname"  => $userfirstname,
        "surname"    => $usersurname,

        #possibly a law problem
        "branch"        => $userbranch,
        "branchname"    => $branchname,
        "flags"         => $userflags,
        "emailaddress"  => $emailaddress,
        "shibboleth"    => $shibboleth,
        "desk_id"       => $desk_id,
        "desk_name"     => $desk_name,
        "register_id"   => $register_id,
        "register_name" => $register_name
    };
    $context->{userenv} = $cell;
    return $cell;
}

=head2 unset_userenv

  C4::Context->unset_userenv;

Destroys user environment variables.

=cut

sub unset_userenv
{
    $context->{userenv} = undef;
}


=head2 get_versions

  C4::Context->get_versions

Gets various version info, for core Koha packages, Currently called from carp handle_errors() sub, to send to browser if 'DebugLevel' syspref is set to '2'.

=cut

#'

# A little example sub to show more debugging info for CGI::Carp
sub get_versions {
    my ( %versions, $mysqlVersion );
    $versions{kohaVersion}  = Koha::version();
    $versions{kohaDbVersion} = C4::Context->preference('version');
    $versions{osVersion} = join(" ", POSIX::uname());
    $versions{perlVersion} = $];

    my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh;
    $mysqlVersion = $dbh->get_info(18) if $dbh; # SQL_DBMS_VER

    {
        no warnings qw(exec); # suppress warnings if unable to find a program in $PATH
        $mysqlVersion          ||= `mysql -V`; # fallback to sql client version?
        $versions{apacheVersion} = (`apache2ctl -v`)[0];
        $versions{apacheVersion} = `httpd -v`             unless  $versions{apacheVersion} ;
        $versions{apacheVersion} = `httpd2 -v`            unless  $versions{apacheVersion} ;
        $versions{apacheVersion} = `apache2 -v`           unless  $versions{apacheVersion} ;
        $versions{apacheVersion} = `/usr/sbin/apache2 -v` unless  $versions{apacheVersion} ;
    }
    $versions{mysqlVersion} = $mysqlVersion;
    return %versions;
}

=head2 tz

  C4::Context->tz

  Returns a DateTime::TimeZone object for the system timezone

=cut

sub tz {
    my $self = shift;
    if (!defined $context->{tz}) {
        my $timezone = $context->{config}->timezone;
        $context->{tz} = DateTime::TimeZone->new(name => $timezone);
    }
    return $context->{tz};
}


=head2 IsSuperLibrarian

    C4::Context->IsSuperLibrarian();

=cut

sub IsSuperLibrarian {
    my $userenv = C4::Context->userenv;

    unless ( $userenv and exists $userenv->{flags} ) {
        # If we reach this without a user environment,
        # assume that we're running from a command-line script,
        # and act as a superlibrarian.
        carp("C4::Context->userenv not defined!");
        return 1;
    }

    return ($userenv->{flags}//0) % 2;
}

=head2 interface

Sets the current interface for later retrieval in any Perl module

    C4::Context->interface('opac');
    C4::Context->interface('intranet');
    my $interface = C4::Context->interface;

=cut

sub interface {
    my ($class, $interface) = @_;

    if (defined $interface) {
        $interface = lc $interface;
        if (   $interface eq 'api'
            || $interface eq 'opac'
            || $interface eq 'intranet'
            || $interface eq 'sip'
            || $interface eq 'cron'
            || $interface eq 'commandline' )
        {
            $context->{interface} = $interface;
        } else {
            warn "invalid interface : '$interface'";
        }
    }

    return $context->{interface} // 'opac';
}

# always returns a string for OK comparison via "eq" or "ne"
sub mybranch {
    C4::Context->userenv           or return '';
    return C4::Context->userenv->{branch} || '';
}

=head2 only_my_library

    my $test = C4::Context->only_my_library;

    Returns true if you enabled IndependentBranches and the current user
    does not have superlibrarian permissions.

=cut

sub only_my_library {
    return
         C4::Context->preference('IndependentBranches')
      && C4::Context->userenv
      && !C4::Context->IsSuperLibrarian()
      && C4::Context->userenv->{branch};
}

=head3 temporary_directory

Returns root directory for temporary storage

=cut

sub temporary_directory {
    my ( $class ) = @_;
    return C4::Context->config('tmp_path') || File::Spec->tmpdir;
}

=head3 set_remote_address

set_remote_address should be called at the beginning of every script
that is *not* running under plack in order to the REMOTE_ADDR environment
variable to be set correctly.

=cut

sub set_remote_address {
    if ( C4::Context->config('koha_trusted_proxies') ) {
        require CGI;
        my $header = CGI->http('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR');

        if ($header) {
            require Koha::Middleware::RealIP;
            $ENV{REMOTE_ADDR} = Koha::Middleware::RealIP::get_real_ip( $ENV{REMOTE_ADDR}, $header );
        }
    }
}

=head3 https_enabled

https_enabled should be called when checking if a HTTPS connection
is used.

Note that this depends on a HTTPS environmental variable being defined
by the web server. This function may not return the expected result,
if your web server or reverse proxies are not setting the correct
X-Forwarded-Proto headers and HTTPS environmental variable.

Note too that the HTTPS value can vary from web server to web server.
We are relying on the convention of the value being "on" or "ON" here.

=cut

sub https_enabled {
    my $https_enabled = 0;
    my $env_https = $ENV{HTTPS};
    if ($env_https){
        if ($env_https =~ /^ON$/i){
            $https_enabled = 1;
        }
    }
    return $https_enabled;
}

1;

=head3 needs_install

    if ( $context->needs_install ) { ... }

This method returns a boolean representing the install status of the Koha instance.

=cut

sub needs_install {
    my ($self) = @_;
    return ($self->preference('Version')) ? 0 : 1;
}

=head3 psgi_env

psgi_env returns true if there is an environmental variable
prefixed with "psgi" or "plack". This is useful for detecting whether
this is a PSGI app or a CGI app, and implementing code as appropriate.

=cut

sub psgi_env {
    my ( $self ) = @_;
    return any { /^(psgi\.|plack\.|PLACK_ENV$)/i } keys %ENV;
}

=head3 is_internal_PSGI_request

is_internal_PSGI_request is used to detect if this request was made
from within the individual PSGI app or externally from the mounted PSGI
app

=cut

#NOTE: This is not a very robust method but it's the best we have so far
sub is_internal_PSGI_request {
    my ( $self ) = @_;
    my $is_internal = 0;
    if( $self->psgi_env && ( $ENV{REQUEST_URI} !~ /^(\/intranet|\/opac)/ ) ) {
        $is_internal = 1;
    }
    return $is_internal;
}

__END__

=head1 ENVIRONMENT

=head2 C<KOHA_CONF>

Specifies the configuration file to read.

=head1 AUTHORS

Andrew Arensburger <arensb at ooblick dot com>

Joshua Ferraro <jmf at liblime dot com>