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A Munch is a Python dictionary that provides attribute-style access (a la JavaScript objects).

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munch

munch is a fork of David Schoonover's Bunch package, providing similar functionality. 99% of the work was done by him, and the fork was made mainly for lack of responsiveness for fixes and maintenance on the original code.

Munch is a dictionary that supports attribute-style access, a la JavaScript.

>>> b = Munch()
>>> b.hello = 'world'
>>> b.hello
'world'
>>> b['hello'] += "!"
>>> b.hello
'world!'
>>> b.foo = Munch(lol=True)
>>> b.foo.lol
True
>>> b.foo is b['foo']
True

Dictionary Methods

A Munch is a subclass of dict; it supports all the methods a dict does:

>>> b.keys()
['foo', 'hello']

Including update():

>>> b.update({ 'ponies': 'are pretty!' }, hello=42)
>>> print repr(b)
Munch(foo=Munch(lol=True), hello=42, ponies='are pretty!')

As well as iteration:

>>> [ (k,b[k]) for k in b ]
[('ponies', 'are pretty!'), ('foo', Munch(lol=True)), ('hello', 42)]

And "splats":

>>> "The {knights} who say {ni}!".format(**Munch(knights='lolcats', ni='can haz'))
'The lolcats who say can haz!'

Serialization

Munches happily and transparently serialize to JSON and YAML.

>>> b = Munch(foo=Munch(lol=True), hello=42, ponies='are pretty!')
>>> import json
>>> json.dumps(b)
'{"ponies": "are pretty!", "foo": {"lol": true}, "hello": 42}'

If JSON support is present (json or simplejson), Munch will have a toJSON() method which returns the object as a JSON string.

If you have PyYAML installed, Munch attempts to register itself with the various YAML Representers so that Munches can be transparently dumped and loaded.

>>> b = Munch(foo=Munch(lol=True), hello=42, ponies='are pretty!')
>>> import yaml
>>> yaml.dump(b)
'!munch.Munch\nfoo: !munch.Munch {lol: true}\nhello: 42\nponies: are pretty!\n'
>>> yaml.safe_dump(b)
'foo: {lol: true}\nhello: 42\nponies: are pretty!\n'

In addition, Munch instances will have a toYAML() method that returns the YAML string using yaml.safe_dump(). This method also replaces __str__ if present, as I find it far more readable. You can revert back to Python's default use of __repr__ with a simple assignment: Munch.__str__ = Munch.__repr__. The Munch class will also have a static method Munch.fromYAML(), which loads a Munch out of a YAML string.

Finally, Munch converts easily and recursively to (unmunchify(), Munch.toDict()) and from (munchify(), Munch.fromDict()) a normal dict, making it easy to cleanly serialize them in other formats.

Default Values

DefaultMunch instances return some default value when an attribute is missing from the collection. Like collections.defaultdict, the first argument is the value to use for missing keys:

>>> undefined = object()
>>> b = DefaultMunch(undefined, {'hello': 'world!'})
>>> b.hello
'world!'
>>> b.foo is undefined
True

DefaultMunch.fromDict() also takes the default argument:

>>> undefined = object()
>>> b = DefaultMunch.fromDict({'recursively': {'nested': 'value'}}, undefined)
>>> b.recursively.nested == 'value'
True
>>> b.recursively.foo is undefined
True

Miscellaneous

  • It is safe to import * from this module. You'll get: Munch, DefaultMunch, munchify and unmunchify.
  • Ample Tests. Just run pip install tox && tox from the project root.

Feedback

Open a ticket / fork the project on GitHub.

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A Munch is a Python dictionary that provides attribute-style access (a la JavaScript objects).

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