DATABASE SYSTEM CONCEPTS

Content

Introduction

Database-System Applications

Purpose of Database Systems

View of Data

Database Languages

Relational Databases

Database Design

Data Storage and Querying

Transaction Management

Database Architecture

Data Mining and Information Retrieval

Specialty Databases

Database Users and Administrators

History of Database Systems

RELATIONAL DATABASES

Introduction to the Relational Model

Structure of Relational Databases

Database Schema

Keys

Schema Diagrams

Relational Query Languages

Relational Operations

Introduction to SQL

Overview of the SQL Query Language

SQL Data Definition

Basic Structure of SQL Queries

Additional Basic Operations

Set Operations

Null Values

Aggregate Functions

Nested Subqueries

Modification of the Database

Intermediate SQL

Join Expressions

Views

Transactions

Integrity Constraints

SQL Data Types and Schemas

Authorization

Advanced SQL

Accessing SQL From a Programming Language

Functions and Procedures

Triggers

Recursive Queries**

Advanced Aggregation Features**

OLAP**

Formal Relational Query Languages

The Relational Algebra

The Tuple Relational Calculus

The Domain Relational Calculus

DATABASE DESIGN

Database Design and the E-R Model

Overview of the Design Process

The Entity-Relationship Model

Constraints

Removing Redundant Attributes in Entity Sets

Entity-Relationship Diagrams

Reduction to Relational Schemas

Entity-Relationship Design Issues

Extended E-R Features

Alternative Notations for Modeling Data

Other Aspects of Database Design

Relational Database Design

Features of Good Relational Designs

Atomic Domains and First Normal Form

Decomposition Using Functional Dependencies

Functional-Dependency Theory

Algorithms for Decomposition

Decomposition Using Multivalued Dependencies

More Normal Forms

Database-Design Process

Modeling Temporal Data

Application Design and Development

Application Programs and User Interfaces

Web Fundamentals

Servlets and JSP

Application Architectures

Rapid Application Development

Application Performance

Application Security

Encryption and Its Applications

DATA STORAGE AND QUERYING

Storage and File Structure

Overview of Physical Storage Media

Magnetic Disk and Flash Storage

RAID

Tertiary Storage

File Organization

Organization of Records in Files

Data-Dictionary Storage

Database Buffer

Indexing and Hashing

Basic Concepts

Ordered Indices

B+-Tree Index Files

B+-Tree Extensions

Multiple-Key Access

Static Hashing

Dynamic Hashing

Comparison of Ordered Indexing and Hashing

Bitmap Indices

Index Definition in SQL

Query Processing

Overview

Measures of Query Cost

Selection Operation

Sorting

Join Operation

Other Operations

Evaluation of Expressions

Query Optimization

Overview

Transformation of Relational Expressions

Estimating Statistics of Expression Results

Choice of Evaluation Plans

Materialized Views**

Advanced Topics in Query Optimization**

TRANSACTION MANAGEMENT

Transactions

Transaction Concept

Simple Transaction Model

Storage Structure

Transaction Atomicity and Durability

Transaction Isolation

Serializability

Transaction Isolation and Atomicity

Transaction Isolation Levels

Implementation of Isolation Levels

Transactions as SQL Statements

Concurrency Control

Lock-Based Protocols

Deadlock Handling

Multiple Granularity

Timestamp-Based Protocols

Validation-Based Protocols

Multiversion Schemes

Snapshot Isolation

Insert Operations, Delete Operations, and Predicate Reads

Weak Levels of Consistency in Practice

0Concurrency in Index Structures**

Recovery System

Failure Classification

Storage

Recovery and Atomicity

Recovery Algorithm

Buffer Management

Failure with Loss of Nonvolatile Storage

Early Lock Release and Logical Undo Operations

ARIES**

Remote Backup Systems

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

Database-System Architectures

Centralized and Client–Server Architectures

Server System Architectures

Parallel Systems

Distributed Systems

Network Types

Parallel Databases

Introduction

I/O Parallelism

Interquery Parallelism

Intraquery Parallelism

Intraoperation Parallelism

Interoperation Parallelism

Query Optimization

Design of Parallel Systems

Parallelism on Multicore Processors

Distributed Databases

Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Databases

Distributed Data Storage

Distributed Transactions

Commit Protocols

Concurrency Control in Distributed Databases

Availability

Distributed Query Processing

Heterogeneous Distributed Databases

Cloud-Based Databases

Directory Systems

DATA WAREHOUSING, DATA MINING, AND INFORMATION RETRIEVAL

Data Warehousing and Mining

Decision-Support Systems

Data Warehousing

Data Mining

Classification

Association Rules

Other Types of Associations

Clustering

Other Forms of Data Mining

Information Retrieval

Overview

Relevance Ranking Using Terms

Relevance Using Hyperlinks

Synonyms, Homonyms, and Ontologies

Indexing of Documents

Measuring Retrieval Effectiveness

SPECIALTY DATABASES

Object-Based Databases

Overview

Complex Data Types

Structured Types and Inheritance in SQL

Table Inheritance

Array and Multiset Types in SQL

Object-Identity and Reference Types in SQL

Implementing O-R Features

Persistent Programming Languages

Object-Relational Mapping

Object-Oriented versus Object-Relational

XML

Motivation

Structure of XML Data

XML Document Schema

Querying and Transformation

Application Program Interfaces to XML

Storage of XML Data

XML Applications

ADVANCED TOPICS

Advanced Application Development

Performance Tuning

Performance Benchmarks

Other Issues in Application Development

Standardization

Spatial and Temporal Data and Mobility

Motivation

Time in Databases

Spatial and Geographic Data

Multimedia Databases

Mobility and Personal Databases

Advanced Transaction Processing

Transaction-Processing Monitors

Transactional Workflows

E-Commerce

Main-Memory Databases

Real-Time Transaction Systems

Long-Duration Transactions

CASE STUDIES

PostgreSQL

Introduction

User Interfaces

SQL Variations and Extensions

Transaction Management in PostgreSQL

Storage and Indexing

Query Processing and Optimization

System Architecture

Oracle

Database Design and Querying Tools

SQL Variations and Extensions

Storage and Indexing

Query Processing and Optimization

Concurrency Control and Recovery

System Architecture

Replication, Distribution, and External Data

Database Administration Tools

Data Mining

IBM DB2 Universal Database

Overview

Database-Design Tools

SQL Variations and Extensions

Storage and Indexing

Multidimensional Clustering

Query Processing and Optimization

Materialized Query Tables

Autonomic Features in DB2

Tools and Utilities

Concurrency Control and Recovery

System Architecture

Replication, Distribution, and External Data

Business Intelligence Features 1221 Bibliographical Notes

Microsoft SQL Server

Management, Design, and Querying Tools

SQL Variations and Extensions

Storage and Indexing

Query Processing and Optimization

Concurrency and Recovery

System Architecture

Data Access

Distributed Heterogeneous Query Processing

Replication

Server Programming in .NET

XML Support

SQL Server Service Broker

Business Intelligence