vonat
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Hungarian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]von (“to draw, pull”) + -at (noun-forming suffix). Compare the development of English train.
Noun
[edit]vonat (plural vonatok)
- train (line of connected cars or carriages)
- 1933, Attila József, Óda, (Ode),[1] poem:
- Visz a vonat, megyek utánad, / talán ma még meg is talállak
- (literally) I am carried by the train, I am on my way to you, / perhaps I’ll even find you today
(by Péter Zollman) I’m on the train, I follow your way, / perhaps I’ll catch you up today,
- (literally) I am carried by the train, I am on my way to you, / perhaps I’ll even find you today
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | vonat | vonatok |
accusative | vonatot | vonatokat |
dative | vonatnak | vonatoknak |
instrumental | vonattal | vonatokkal |
causal-final | vonatért | vonatokért |
translative | vonattá | vonatokká |
terminative | vonatig | vonatokig |
essive-formal | vonatként | vonatokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | vonatban | vonatokban |
superessive | vonaton | vonatokon |
adessive | vonatnál | vonatoknál |
illative | vonatba | vonatokba |
sublative | vonatra | vonatokra |
allative | vonathoz | vonatokhoz |
elative | vonatból | vonatokból |
delative | vonatról | vonatokról |
ablative | vonattól | vonatoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
vonaté | vonatoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
vonatéi | vonatokéi |
Possessive forms of vonat | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | vonatom | vonataim |
2nd person sing. | vonatod | vonataid |
3rd person sing. | vonata | vonatai |
1st person plural | vonatunk | vonataink |
2nd person plural | vonatotok | vonataitok |
3rd person plural | vonatuk | vonataik |
Derived terms
[edit]Compound words with this term at the beginning
Compound words with this term at the end
Related terms
[edit]Nouns derived from prefixed forms of the verb von, with the same suffix
See also
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]von (“to draw, pull”) + -at (causative suffix)
Verb
[edit]vonat
- (transitive) causative of von: to have someone draw/pull something or to have something drawn/pulled
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of vonat
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | vonatok | vonatsz | vonat | vonatunk | vonattok | vonatnak | |
Def. | vonatom | vonatod | vonatja | vonatjuk | vonatjátok | vonatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | vonattam | vonattál | vonatott | vonattunk | vonattatok | vonattak | ||
Def. | vonattam | vonattad | vonatta | vonattuk | vonattátok | vonatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonattalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. vonatni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | vonaték | vonatál | vonata | vonatánk | vonatátok | vonatának | ||
Def. | vonatám | vonatád | vonatá | vonatánk | vonatátok | vonaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. vonat vala, vonatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | vonatandok | vonatandasz | vonatand | vonatandunk | vonatandotok | vonatandanak | ||
Def. | vonatandom | vonatandod | vonatandja | vonatandjuk | vonatandjátok | vonatandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonatandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | vonatnék | vonatnál | vonatna | vonatnánk | vonatnátok | vonatnának | |
Def. | vonatnám | vonatnád | vonatná | vonatnánk (or vonatnók) |
vonatnátok | vonatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. vonatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | vonassak | vonass or vonassál |
vonasson | vonassunk | vonassatok | vonassanak | |
Def. | vonassam | vonasd or vonassad |
vonassa | vonassuk | vonassátok | vonassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. vonatott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | vonatni | vonatnom | vonatnod | vonatnia | vonatnunk | vonatnotok | vonatniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
vonatás | vonató | vonatott | vonatandó | vonatva (vonatván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of vonat
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | vonathatok | vonathatsz | vonathat | vonathatunk | vonathattok | vonathatnak | |
Def. | vonathatom | vonathatod | vonathatja | vonathatjuk | vonathatjátok | vonathatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonathatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | vonathattam | vonathattál | vonathatott | vonathattunk | vonathattatok | vonathattak | ||
Def. | vonathattam | vonathattad | vonathatta | vonathattuk | vonathattátok | vonathatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonathattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | vonathaték | vonathatál | vonathata | vonathatánk | vonathatátok | vonathatának | ||
Def. | vonathatám | vonathatád | vonathatá | vonathatánk | vonathatátok | vonathaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonathatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. vonathat vala, vonathatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | vonathatandok or vonatandhatok |
vonathatandasz or vonatandhatsz |
vonathatand or vonatandhat |
vonathatandunk or vonatandhatunk |
vonathatandotok or vonatandhattok |
vonathatandanak or vonatandhatnak | ||
Def. | vonathatandom or vonatandhatom |
vonathatandod or vonatandhatod |
vonathatandja or vonatandhatja |
vonathatandjuk or vonatandhatjuk |
vonathatandjátok or vonatandhatjátok |
vonathatandják or vonatandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonathatandalak or vonatandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | vonathatnék | vonathatnál | vonathatna | vonathatnánk | vonathatnátok | vonathatnának | |
Def. | vonathatnám | vonathatnád | vonathatná | vonathatnánk (or vonathatnók) |
vonathatnátok | vonathatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonathatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. vonathatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | vonathassak | vonathass or vonathassál |
vonathasson | vonathassunk | vonathassatok | vonathassanak | |
Def. | vonathassam | vonathasd or vonathassad |
vonathassa | vonathassuk | vonathassátok | vonathassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonathassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. vonathatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (vonathatni) | (vonathatnom) | (vonathatnod) | (vonathatnia) | (vonathatnunk) | (vonathatnotok) | (vonathatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | vonatható | Neg. adj. | vonathatatlan | Adv. part. | (vonathatva / vonathatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit](With verbal prefixes):
Further reading
[edit]- (train): vonat in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (causative of von): vonat in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Categories:
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒt
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒt/2 syllables
- Hungarian nouns suffixed with -at
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- Hungarian terms with quotations
- Hungarian verbs suffixed with -at
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian transitive verbs
- Hungarian causative verbs
- hu:Rail transportation
- hu:Vehicles
- Hungarian terms with multiple lemma etymologies
- Hungarian terms with noun and verb etymologies