proximal

English

Etymology

From Latin proximus, superlative form of prope (“near, nigh”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈpɹɒksɪməl/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Adjective

proximal (comparative more proximal, superlative most proximal)

1. (anatomy, geology) Closer to the point of attachment or observation.

   Antonym: distal

2. (dentistry) Facing toward another tooth. The proximal surfaces of a tooth are those that touch or are close to neighboring teeth.
3. (linguistics) Closer to the speaker.

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “closer to the point of attachment, closer to the speaker”): distal

Coordinate terms

• (human anatomy direction adjectives) anterior,‎ distal,‎ dorsal,‎ lateral,‎ medial,‎ posterior,‎ proximal,‎ ventral ^{(Category: en:Medicine) [edit]}
• (dentistry location adjectives) anterior,‎ apical,‎ apicocoronal,‎ axial,‎ buccal,‎ buccoapical,‎ buccocervical,‎ buccogingival,‎ buccolabial,‎ buccolingual,‎ bucco-occlusal,‎ buccopalatal,‎ cervical,‎ coronal,‎ coronoapical,‎ distal,‎ distoapical,‎ distobuccal,‎ distocervical,‎ distocoronal,‎ distofacial,‎ distogingival,‎ distoincisal,‎ distolingual,‎ disto-occlusal,‎ distoclusal,‎ distocclusal,‎ distopalatal,‎ facial,‎ gingival,‎ incisal,‎ incisocervical,‎ inferior,‎ labial,‎ lingual,‎ linguobuccal,‎ linguo-occlusal,‎ mandibular,‎ maxillary,‎ mesial,‎ mesioapical,‎ mesiobuccal,‎ mesiocervical,‎ mesiocoronal,‎ mesiodistal,‎ mesiofacial,‎ mesioincisal,‎ mesiogingival,‎ mesiolingual,‎ mesio-occlusal,‎ mesioclusal,‎ mesiocclusal,‎ mesiopalatal,‎ occlusal,‎ palatal,‎ posterior,‎ proximal,‎ superior,‎ vestibular ^{(Category: en:Dentistry) [edit]}

Derived terms

• anteroproximal
• caudoproximal
• cranioproximal
• distoproximal
• dorsoproximal
• interproximal
• lateroproximal
• medioproximal
• mesioproximal
• mesoproximal
• midproximal
• nonproximal
• occlusoproximal
• posteroproximal
• proximal convoluted tubule
• proximality
• proximally
• proximalmost
• proximal phalange (proximal phalanx)
• ventroproximal
• zone of proximal development

 

Related terms

• proximate

Translations

closer to the point of attachment

• Catalan: proximal
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 鄰近的／邻近的 (zh) (línjìn de)

• Czech: proximální (cs)
• Finnish: läheinen (fi), proksimaalinen (fi)
• German: proximal (de) (medicine)
• Greek: εγγύς (el) (engýs)
• Irish: neasach
• Italian: prossimale (it)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: nêzîkî (ku)

• Occitan: proximal
• Portuguese: proximal (pt)
• Romanian: proximal
• Russian: проксимальный (ru) (proksimalʹnyj)
• Spanish: proximal
• Swedish: proximal (sv)

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /pɾo.siˈmaw/ [pɾo.siˈmaʊ̯]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɾɔ.siˈmal/ [pɾɔ.siˈmaɫ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɾɔ.siˈmal/ [pɾɔ.siˈmaɫ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɾɔ.siˈma.li/

• Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw
• Hyphenation: pro‧xi‧mal

Adjective

proximal m or f (plural proximais)

1. proximal

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pɾoɡsiˈmal/ [pɾoɣ̞.siˈmal]
• Rhymes: -al
• Syllabification: pro‧xi‧mal

Adjective

proximal m or f (masculine and feminine plural proximales)

1. proximal

Derived terms

• proximalmente

 

Further reading

• “proximal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28