pelar

Albanian

Etymology

From pelë (“mare”) +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /peˈlar/
• Rhymes: -ar
• Hyphenation: pe‧lár

Noun

pelar m (plural pelárë, definite pelári, definite plural pelárët)

1. stableman, ostler, groom (especially mares)

   Near-synonym: bari

Further reading

• “pelar”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎^[1] (in Albanian), 1980
• “pelar”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
• Mann, S. E. (1948) “pelar”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 359

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin pilāre (“to deprive of hair”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [pəˈla]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [peˈlaɾ]

Verb

pelar (first-person singular present pelo, first-person singular preterite pelí, past participle pelat); root stress: (Central) /ɛ/; (Valencia) /e/; (Balearic) /ə/

1. (transitive) to peel, to skin

   pelar amb un ganivet ― to peel with a knife

2. (intransitive, figurative) to bite, to sting (of cold)

   Hi fa un fred que pela. ― The cold is biting.

3. (pronominal, figurative) to be freezing

   Em pelo de fred. ― I'm dying from cold.

4. (transitive, figurative) to clean out (to take money from)

   Synonyms: prendre'ls, plomar

5. (transitive, slang) to kill

   Synonym: matar

   Si crides et pelaré! ― If you scream, I'll kill you!

Conjugation

    Conjugation of pelar (first conjugation)

infinitive			pelar
gerund			pelant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		pelat		pelada
		plural		pelats		pelades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	pelo	peles	pela	pelem	peleu	pelen
	imperfect	pelava	pelaves	pelava	pelàvem	pelàveu	pelaven
	future	pelaré	pelaràs	pelarà	pelarem	pelareu	pelaran
	preterite	pelí	pelares	pelà	pelàrem	pelàreu	pelaren
	conditional	pelaria	pelaries	pelaria	pelaríem	pelaríeu	pelarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	peli	pelis	peli	pelem	peleu	pelin
	imperfect	pelés	pelessis	pelés	peléssim	peléssiu	pelessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	pela	peli	pelem	peleu	pelin
	negative (no)	—	no pelis	no peli	no pelem	no peleu	no pelin

Derived terms

• espelegar
• pela-roques
• pelador
• pelapatates
• pelar-se-la

 

Further reading

• “pelar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
• “pelar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “pelar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Galician

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /peˈlaɾ/ [peˈlaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Hyphenation: pe‧lar

Verb

pelar (first-person singular present pelo, first-person singular preterite pelei, past participle pelado)

1. to skin

   Synonym: esfolar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of pelar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	pelar
Personal	pelar	pelares	pelar	pelarmos	pelardes	pelaren
Gerund
	pelando
Past participle
Masculine	pelado			pelados
Feminine	pelada			peladas
Indicative
Present	pelo	pelas	pela	pelamos	pelades	pelan
Imperfect	pelaba	pelabas	pelaba	pelabamos	pelabades	pelaban
Preterite	pelei	pelaches	pelou	pelamos	pelastes	pelaron
Pluperfect	pelara	pelaras	pelara	pelaramos	pelarades	pelaran
Future	pelarei	pelarás	pelará	pelaremos	pelaredes	pelarán
Conditional	pelaría	pelarías	pelaría	pelariamos	pelariades	pelarían
Subjunctive
Present	pele	peles	pele	pelemos	peledes	pelen
Imperfect	pelase	pelases	pelase	pelásemos	pelásedes	pelasen
Future	pelar	pelares	pelar	pelarmos	pelardes	pelaren
Imperative
Affirmative		pela	pele	pelemos	pelade	pelen
Negative (non)		non peles	non pele	non pelemos	non peledes	non pelen

    Reintegrated conjugation of pelar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	pelar
Personal	pelar	pelares	pelar	pelarmos	pelardes	pelarem
Gerund
	pelando
Past participle
Masculine	pelado			pelados
Feminine	pelada			peladas
Indicative
Present	pelo	pelas	pela	pelamos	pelades, pelais	pelam
Imperfect	pelava	pelavas	pelava	pelávamos	pelávades, peláveis, pelávais1	pelavam
Preterite	pelei	pelaste, pelache1	pelou	pelamos	pelastes	pelárom, pelaram
Pluperfect	pelara	pelaras	pelara	peláramos	pelárades, peláreis, pelárais1	pelaram
Future	pelarei	pelarás	pelará	pelaremos	pelaredes, pelareis	pelarám, pelarão
Conditional	pelaria	pelarias	pelaria	pelaríamos	pelaríades, pelaríeis, pelaríais1	pelariam
Subjunctive
Present	pele	peles	pele	pelemos	peledes, peleis	pelem
Imperfect	pelasse	pelasses	pelasse	pelássemos	pelássedes, pelásseis	pelassem
Future	pelar	pelares	pelar	pelarmos	pelardes	pelarem
Imperative
Affirmative		pela	pele	pelemos	pelade, pelai	pelem
Negative (nom)		nom peles	nom pele	nom pelemos	nom peledes, nom peleis	nom pelem

¹Less recommended.

Further reading

• “pelar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
• “pelar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /peˈla(ʁ)/ [peˈla(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /peˈla(ʁ)/ [peˈla(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /peˈla(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /peˈla(ʁ)/ [peˈla(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /peˈla(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɨˈlaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɨˈlaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɨˈla.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: pe‧lar

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese pelar, from Latin pilāre (“to deprive of hair”), from pilus (“hair”), from Proto-Indo-European *pil- (“string of hair”). Doublet of pilhar.

Verb

pelar (first-person singular present pelo, first-person singular preterite pelei, past participle pelado)

1. to depilate (remove hair)

   Synonym: depilar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of pelar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	pelar
Personal	pelar	pelares	pelar	pelarmos	pelardes	pelarem
Gerund
	pelando
Past participle
Masculine	pelado			pelados
Feminine	pelada			peladas
Indicative
Present	pelo, pélo1	pelas, pélas1	pela, péla1	pelamos	pelais	pelam
Imperfect	pelava	pelavas	pelava	pelávamos	peláveis	pelavam
Preterite	pelei	pelaste	pelou	pelamos2, pelámos3	pelastes	pelaram
Pluperfect	pelara	pelaras	pelara	peláramos	peláreis	pelaram
Future	pelarei	pelarás	pelará	pelaremos	pelareis	pelarão
Conditional	pelaria	pelarias	pelaria	pelaríamos	pelaríeis	pelariam
Subjunctive
Present	pele	peles	pele	pelemos	peleis	pelem
Imperfect	pelasse	pelasses	pelasse	pelássemos	pelásseis	pelassem
Future	pelar	pelares	pelar	pelarmos	pelardes	pelarem
Imperative
Affirmative		pela, péla1	pele	pelemos	pelai	pelem
Negative (não)		não peles	não pele	não pelemos	não peleis	não pelem

¹Superseded.
²Brazilian Portuguese.
³European Portuguese.

Related terms

• depilar
• pelagem
• pelo
• pelugem

 

Etymology 2

From pele (“skin”) +‎ -ar, from Old Galician-Portuguese pele (“pelt”), from Latin pellis (“pelt”), from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“skin”).

Verb

pelar (first-person singular present pelo, first-person singular preterite pelei, past participle pelado)

1. to skin (remove skin)

   Synonyms: despelar, esfolar

   Coordinate terms: depenar, descascar, escamar

2. to unclothe (make naked)

   Synonym: despir

3. (Brazil, informal, usually in the gerund) to be extremely hot

   Eu fui pegar a caneca, mas a água estava pelando e eu me queimei.

   I went to grab the mug, but the water was boiling hot and I burned myself.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of pelar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	pelar
Personal	pelar	pelares	pelar	pelarmos	pelardes	pelarem
Gerund
	pelando
Past participle
Masculine	pelado			pelados
Feminine	pelada			peladas
Indicative
Present	pelo, pélo1	pelas, pélas1	pela, péla1	pelamos	pelais	pelam
Imperfect	pelava	pelavas	pelava	pelávamos	peláveis	pelavam
Preterite	pelei	pelaste	pelou	pelamos2, pelámos3	pelastes	pelaram
Pluperfect	pelara	pelaras	pelara	peláramos	peláreis	pelaram
Future	pelarei	pelarás	pelará	pelaremos	pelareis	pelarão
Conditional	pelaria	pelarias	pelaria	pelaríamos	pelaríeis	pelariam
Subjunctive
Present	pele	peles	pele	pelemos	peleis	pelem
Imperfect	pelasse	pelasses	pelasse	pelássemos	pelásseis	pelassem
Future	pelar	pelares	pelar	pelarmos	pelardes	pelarem
Imperative
Affirmative		pela, péla1	pele	pelemos	pelai	pelem
Negative (não)		não peles	não pele	não pelemos	não peleis	não pelem

¹Superseded.
²Brazilian Portuguese.
³European Portuguese.

Related terms

• pelado
• pele

 

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin pilāre (“deprive of hair”). Doublet of pillar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /peˈlaɾ/ [peˈlaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: pe‧lar

Verb

pelar (first-person singular present pelo, first-person singular preterite pelé, past participle pelado)

1. to peel (fruits, vegetables)
2. to skin (an animal)

   Synonym: despellejar

3. to shell (nuts, shellfish)
4. to unwrap

   Synonym: desenvolver

5. to pluck (a bird)

   Synonym: desplumar

6. to cut the hair of

   Synonym: cortar

7. (transitive) to spread negative gossip, run down, criticise somebody

   Synonyms: dejar negro, morder, trasquilar

8. to exfoliate

   Synonym: exfoliar

9. (colloquial) to steal
10. (colloquial) to fleece
11. (transitive, Mexico, colloquial, especially in the negative) to notice someone, to pay attention to someone

    Synonym: hacer caso

12. (transitive, reflexive, vulgar) to matter

    Me la pela. ― I don't give a fuck.

13. (reflexive) to have one's hair cut
14. (reflexive) to lose one's hair, to go bald
15. (reflexive) to peel (of skin, from the sun, etc.)
16. (reflexive) to fray (rope, wire)

    Synonym: deshilacharse

17. to strip (to remove the insulation from a wire/cable)

    Hay que pelar el cable para poder conectarlo al conector.

    The cable must be stripped to be able to connect it to the connector.

18. (reflexive) (Chile) to steal
19. (reflexive) (Chile) to flirt
20. (reflexive) (Chile) to make out with a stranger at a social event

Conjugation

    Conjugation of pelar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			pelar
gerund			pelando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		pelado		pelada
		plural		pelados		peladas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	pelo	pelastú pelásvos	pela	pelamos	peláis	pelan
	imperfect	pelaba	pelabas	pelaba	pelábamos	pelabais	pelaban
	preterite	pelé	pelaste	peló	pelamos	pelasteis	pelaron
	future	pelaré	pelarás	pelará	pelaremos	pelaréis	pelarán
	conditional	pelaría	pelarías	pelaría	pelaríamos	pelaríais	pelarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	pele	pelestú pelésvos2	pele	pelemos	peléis	pelen
	imperfect (ra)	pelara	pelaras	pelara	peláramos	pelarais	pelaran
	imperfect (se)	pelase	pelases	pelase	pelásemos	pelaseis	pelasen
	future1	pelare	pelares	pelare	peláremos	pelareis	pelaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		pelatú pelávos	pele	pelemos	pelad	pelen
	negative		no peles	no pele	no pelemos	no peléis	no pelen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of pelar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive pelar
	dative	pelarme	pelarte	pelarle, pelarse	pelarnos	pelaros	pelarles, pelarse
	accusative	pelarme	pelarte	pelarlo, pelarla, pelarse	pelarnos	pelaros	pelarlos, pelarlas, pelarse
with gerund pelando
	dative	pelándome	pelándote	pelándole, pelándose	pelándonos	pelándoos	pelándoles, pelándose
	accusative	pelándome	pelándote	pelándolo, pelándola, pelándose	pelándonos	pelándoos	pelándolos, pelándolas, pelándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative pela
	dative	pélame	pélate	pélale	pélanos	not used	pélales
	accusative	pélame	pélate	pélalo, pélala	pélanos	not used	pélalos, pélalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative pelá
	dative	pelame	pelate	pelale	pelanos	not used	pelales
	accusative	pelame	pelate	pelalo, pelala	pelanos	not used	pelalos, pelalas
with formal second-person singular imperative pele
	dative	péleme	not used	pélele, pélese	pélenos	not used	péleles
	accusative	péleme	not used	pélelo, pélela, pélese	pélenos	not used	pélelos, pélelas
with first-person plural imperative pelemos
	dative	not used	pelémoste	pelémosle	pelémonos	pelémoos	pelémosles
	accusative	not used	pelémoste	pelémoslo, pelémosla	pelémonos	pelémoos	pelémoslos, pelémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative pelad
	dative	peladme	not used	peladle	peladnos	pelaos	peladles
	accusative	peladme	not used	peladlo, peladla	peladnos	pelaos	peladlos, peladlas
with formal second-person plural imperative pelen
	dative	pélenme	not used	pélenle	pélennos	not used	pélenles, pélense
	accusative	pélenme	not used	pélenlo, pélenla	pélennos	not used	pélenlos, pélenlas, pélense

Derived terms

• cuchillo de pelar
• depilar
• duro de pelar
• peladera
• peladero
• pelado
• pelador
• peladura
• pelagallos
• pelagatos
• pelambre
• pelapapas
• pelapatatas
• pelar el gallo
• pelar la pava
• pelarse
• pelársela
• que se las pela

 

Related terms

• pelo
• pelón
• peludo

 

Further reading

• “pelar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28