maior
Galician
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Latin maiōrem.
Adjective
[edit]maior m or f (plural maiores)
Synonyms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Latin
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Italic *magjōs, from Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂yōs, from *meǵh₂- (“great”) + *-yōs (comparative suffix).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈmai̯.i̯or/, [ˈmäi̯ːɔr]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈma.jor/, [ˈmäːjor]
- The first syllable contains a short vowel followed by a long (double) consonantal -i-. For the purpose of Latin scansion, this forms a long syllable. Although many dictionaries mark vowels in this context with a macron, the vowel itself is not long.[1]
Adjective
[edit]maior (comparative, neuter maius); third declension
- comparative degree of magnus
- Antonym: minor
Inflection
[edit]Third-declension comparative adjective, with locative.
| singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masc./fem. | neuter | masc./fem. | neuter | ||
| nominative | maior | maius | maiōrēs | maiōra | |
| genitive | maiōris | maiōrum | |||
| dative | maiōrī | maiōribus | |||
| accusative | maiōrem | maius | maiōrēs maiōrīs |
maiōra | |
| ablative | maiōre maiōrī |
maiōribus | |||
| vocative | maior | maius | maiōrēs | maiōra | |
| locative | maiōrī maiōre |
maiōribus | |||
Derived terms
[edit]- maiestās (noun)
- maiusculus (diminutive)
Descendants
[edit]Descendants
- Aromanian: mari
- Asturian: mayor
- → Breton: maer
- Catalan: major
- Dalmatian: maur
- → Dutch: meier
- → English: major
- French: major, majeur, maire, majorer, mayeur
- Friulian: maiôr, majôr
- Galician: maior
- → German: Meier
- Istriot: maiur
- Italian: maggiore, maggiorare
- Ladin: majer
- Megleno-Romanian: mari
- Norman: maire
- Occitan: major, màger
- → Old Irish: maer
- Irish: maor
- Piedmontese: magior
- Portuguese: mor, maior
- Romanian: mare
- → Russian: майор (major)
- Sardinian: magiori, mere
- → Scots: mair
- Sicilian: maggiuri, majuri
- Spanish: mayor, mayorar, Mallorca or Majorca
- Venetan: maxor, mazor
- → Welsh: maer
Noun
[edit]maior m (genitive maiōris); third declension
- (in the plural) ancestors, forefathers; advanced in years, the aged; the elders
- (Medieval Latin) A mayor (a leader of a city or town).
Inflection
[edit]Third-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | maior | maiōrēs |
| genitive | maiōris | maiōrum |
| dative | maiōrī | maiōribus |
| accusative | maiōrem | maiōrēs |
| ablative | maiōre | maiōribus |
| vocative | maior | maiōrēs |
Descendants
[edit]- Old French: maire m
References
[edit]- ^ Nishimura, Kanehiro (2011) “Notes on Glide Treatment in Latin Orthography and Phonology: -iciō, servus, aiō”, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics, volume 124, page 193:
- It is well known that Latin orthography tends to avoid gemination of ⟨i⟩ for two successive i̯-glides [...] The most classic case may be maior 'larger'; its phonological representation is /mai̯i̯or/ [...] the provision of a macron (i.e., māior, as if the vowel were long) in order to display the syllable weight — the way common in a number of grammar books and dictionaries — is utterly misleading in that it disguises the phonological reality.
Further reading
[edit]- “major”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “maior”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- maior in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- the elde: maior (natu)
- the majority: maior pars
- (ambiguous) to exaggerate a thing: in maius ferre, in maius extollere aliquid
- (ambiguous) to overestimate a thing: in maius accipere aliquid
- (ambiguous) to deteriorate: a maiorum virtute desciscere, degenerare, deflectere
- (ambiguous) according to the custom and tradition of my fathers: more institutoque maiorum (Mur. 1. 1)
- (ambiguous) what is more important: quod maius est
- the elde: maior (natu)
- maior in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
- “maior”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
Old French
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Adjective
[edit]maior (oblique singular, nominative singular maire)
References
[edit]- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (maior)
- maiur on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
Portuguese
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Galician-Portuguese maior, mayor, from Latin māiōrem, from Proto-Indo-European *mag- (“great”) + *-yos (comparative suffix). Doublet of major.
Pronunciation
[edit]
Adjective
[edit]maior m or f (plural maiores)
- (followed by que) comparative degree of grande; bigger, larger
- Antonym: menor
- Melancias são maiores que laranjas.
- Watermelons are bigger than oranges.
- (preceded by a definite article) superlative degree of grande; biggest, largest
- Antonym: menor
- Júpiter é o maior planeta do Sistema Solar.
- Jupiter is the largest planet in the Solar System.
- major, greater
- Antonym: menor
- um desafio maior
- a major challenge
- (music) major
- Antonym: menor
- (Brazil, informal) big, great
- Synonym: mó
- Ele é maior idiota...
- He is a big idiot
Derived terms
[edit]Adverb
[edit]maior
Further reading
[edit]- “maior”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Russian майор (major) or German Major, from Latin maior. Doublet of major and possibly mare.
Noun
[edit]maior m (plural maiori)
Declension
[edit]Categories:
- Galician terms borrowed from Latin
- Galician learned borrowings from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician lemmas
- Galician adjectives
- gl:Music
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin comparative adjectives
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin third declension nouns
- Latin masculine nouns in the third declension
- Latin masculine nouns
- Latin terms with quotations
- Medieval Latin
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
- la:Size
- Old French terms inherited from Latin
- Old French terms derived from Latin
- Old French lemmas
- Old French adjectives
- Old French comparative adjectives
- Old French superlative adjectives
- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Portuguese doublets
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese 3-syllable words
- Rhymes:Portuguese/ɔɾ
- Rhymes:Portuguese/ɔɾ/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Portuguese/ɔʁ
- Rhymes:Portuguese/ɔʁ/2 syllables
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese adjectives
- Portuguese comparative adjectives
- Portuguese terms with usage examples
- Portuguese superlative adjectives
- pt:Music
- Brazilian Portuguese
- Portuguese informal terms
- Portuguese adverbs
- Romanian terms borrowed from Russian
- Romanian terms derived from Russian
- Romanian terms borrowed from German
- Romanian terms derived from German
- Romanian terms derived from Latin
- Romanian doublets
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- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian masculine nouns