intimidar

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin intimidāre (“to make afraid”), from Latin in (“in”) + timidus (“afraid, timid”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [in.ti.miˈða]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [in.ti.miˈðaɾ]
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

intimidar (first-person singular present intimido, first-person singular preterite intimidí, past participle intimidat)

1. (transitive) to intimidate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of intimidar (first conjugation)

infinitive			intimidar
gerund			intimidant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		intimidat		intimidada
		plural		intimidats		intimidades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	intimido	intimides	intimida	intimidem	intimideu	intimiden
	imperfect	intimidava	intimidaves	intimidava	intimidàvem	intimidàveu	intimidaven
	future	intimidaré	intimidaràs	intimidarà	intimidarem	intimidareu	intimidaran
	preterite	intimidí	intimidares	intimidà	intimidàrem	intimidàreu	intimidaren
	conditional	intimidaria	intimidaries	intimidaria	intimidaríem	intimidaríeu	intimidarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	intimidi	intimidis	intimidi	intimidem	intimideu	intimidin
	imperfect	intimidés	intimidessis	intimidés	intimidéssim	intimidéssiu	intimidessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	intimida	intimidi	intimidem	intimideu	intimidin
	negative (no)	—	no intimidis	no intimidi	no intimidem	no intimideu	no intimidin

Derived terms

• intimidació

Related terms

• tímid

Further reading

• “intimidar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “intimidar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “intimidar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “intimidar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin intimidāre (“to make afraid”).

Verb

intimidar (first-person singular present intimido, first-person singular preterite intimidei, past participle intimidado)

1. (transitive) to intimidate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of intimidar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	intimidar
Personal	intimidar	intimidares	intimidar	intimidarmos	intimidardes	intimidaren
Gerund
	intimidando
Past participle
Masculine	intimidado			intimidados
Feminine	intimidada			intimidadas
Indicative
Present	intimido	intimidas	intimida	intimidamos	intimidades	intimidan
Imperfect	intimidaba	intimidabas	intimidaba	intimidabamos	intimidabades	intimidaban
Preterite	intimidei	intimidaches	intimidou	intimidamos	intimidastes	intimidaron
Pluperfect	intimidara	intimidaras	intimidara	intimidaramos	intimidarades	intimidaran
Future	intimidarei	intimidarás	intimidará	intimidaremos	intimidaredes	intimidarán
Conditional	intimidaría	intimidarías	intimidaría	intimidariamos	intimidariades	intimidarían
Subjunctive
Present	intimide	intimides	intimide	intimidemos	intimidedes	intimiden
Imperfect	intimidase	intimidases	intimidase	intimidásemos	intimidásedes	intimidasen
Future	intimidar	intimidares	intimidar	intimidarmos	intimidardes	intimidaren
Imperative
Affirmative		intimida	intimide	intimidemos	intimidade	intimiden
Negative (non)		non intimides	non intimide	non intimidemos	non intimidedes	non intimiden

Related terms

• intimidación
• tímido

Further reading

• “intimidar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024

Occitan

Etymology

From Medieval Latin intimidāre, from Latin in (“in”) + timidus (“afraid, timid”).

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

intimidar

1. to intimidate

Conjugation

    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		intimidar			aver intimidat
gerund		intimidant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		intimidat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	intimidi	intimidas	intimida	intimidam	intimidatz	intimidan
	imperfect	intimidavi	intimidavas	intimidava	intimidàvem	intimidàvetz	intimidavan
	preterite	intimidèri	intimidères	intimidèt	intimidèrem	intimidèretz	intimidèron
	future	intimidarai	intimidaràs	intimidarà	intimidarem	intimidaretz	intimidaràn
	conditional	intimidariái	intimidariás	intimidariá	intimidariam	intimidariatz	intimidarián
	conditional 2nd form1	intimidèra	intimidèras	intimidèra	intimideram	intimideratz	intimidèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	intimide	intimides	intimide	intimidem	intimidetz	intimiden
	imperfect	intimidèssi	intimidèsses	intimidèsse	intimidèssem	intimidèssetz	intimidèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			intimida		intimidem	intimidatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Auvernhàs

		simple			compound
infinitive		intimidar			aver intimidat
gerund		intimidant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		intimidat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	intimide	intimides	intimida	intimidam	intimidatz	intimidon
	imperfect	intimidave	intimidaves	intimidava	intimidaviam	intimidaviatz	intimidavon
	preterite	intimidere	intimideres	intimidet	intimidem	intimidetz	intimideron
	future	intimidarai	intimidaràs	intimidará	intimidarem	intimidaretz	intimidarán
	conditional	intimidariá	intimidariás	intimidariá	intimidariam	intimidariatz	intimidarián
	conditional 2nd form1	intimidèra	intimidèras	intimidèra	intimideram	intimideratz	intimidèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	intimide	intimides	intimide	intimidassiam	intimidassiatz	intimidon
	imperfect	intimidesse	intimidesses	intimidesse	intimidessiam	intimidessiatz	intimidesson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			intimida		intimidassiam	intimidatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Gascon

		simple			compound
infinitive		intimidar			aver intimidat
gerund		intimidant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		intimidat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	intimidi	intimidas	intimida	intimidam	intimidatz	intimidan
	imperfect	intimidavi	intimidavas	intimidava	intimidàvam	intimidàvatz	intimidavan
	preterite	intimidèi	intimidès	intimidè	intimidèm	intimidètz	intimidèn
	future	intimidarèi	intimidaràs	intimidarà	intimidaram	intimidaratz	intimidaràn
	conditional	intimidarí	intimidarés	intimidaré	intimidarem	intimidaretz	intimidarén
	conditional 2nd form1	intimidèra	intimidèras	intimidèra	intimideram	intimideratz	intimidèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	intimidi	intimides	intimide	intimidem	intimidetz	intimiden
	imperfect	intimidèssi	intimidèsses	intimidèsse	intimidèssem	intimidèssetz	intimidèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			intimida		intimidem	intimidatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Lemosin

		simple			compound
infinitive		intimidar			aver intimidat
gerund		intimidant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		intimidat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	intimide	intimidas	intimida	intimidam	intimidatz	intimidan
	imperfect	intimidava	intimidavas	intimidava	intimidàvam	intimidàvatz	intimidavan
	preterite	intimidei	intimideras	intimidet	intimidèram	intimidèratz	intimideran
	future	intimidarai	intimidaràs	intimidará	intimidarem	intimidaretz	intimidarán
	conditional	intimidariá	intimidariàs	intimidariá	intimidariam	intimidariatz	intimidarián
	conditional 2nd form1	intimidèra	intimidèras	intimidèra	intimideram	intimideratz	intimidèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	intimide	intimides	intimide	intimidem	intimidetz	intimiden
	imperfect	intimidèsse	intimidèsses	intimidèsse	intimidèssem	intimidèssetz	intimidèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			intimida		intimidem	intimidatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Provençau

		simple			compound
infinitive		intimidar			aver intimidat
gerund		intimidant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		intimidat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	intimide	intimides	intimida	intimidam	intimidatz	intimidan
	imperfect	intimidavi	intimidavas	intimidava	intimidàvem	intimidàvetz	intimidavan
	preterite	intimidère	intimidères	intimidèt	intimideriam	intimideriatz	intimidèron
	future	intimidarai	intimidaràs	intimidarà	intimidarem	intimidaretz	intimidaràn
	conditional	intimidariáu	intimidariás	intimidariá	intimidariam	intimidariatz	intimidarián
	conditional 2nd form1	intimidèra	intimidèras	intimidèra	intimideram	intimideratz	intimidèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	intimide	intimides	intimide	intimidem	intimidetz	intimidan
	imperfect	intimidèsse	intimidèsses	intimidèsse	intimidessiam	intimidessiatz	intimidèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			intimida		intimidem	intimidatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Related terms

• intimidacion

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin intimidāre (“to make afraid”), from Latin in (“in”) + timidus (“afraid, timid”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩ.t͡ʃi.miˈda(ʁ)/ [ĩ.t͡ʃi.miˈda(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩ.t͡ʃi.miˈda(ʁ)/ [ĩ.t͡ʃi.miˈda(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ĩ.t͡ʃi.miˈda(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ĩ.t͡ʃi.miˈda(ʁ)/ [ĩ.t͡ʃi.miˈda(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩ.t͡ʃi.miˈda(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩ.ti.miˈdaɾ/ [ĩ.ti.miˈðaɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩ.ti.miˈdaɾ/ [ĩ.ti.miˈðaɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩ.ti.miˈda.ɾi/ [ĩ.ti.miˈða.ɾi]

• Hyphenation: in‧ti‧mi‧dar

Verb

intimidar (first-person singular present intimido, first-person singular preterite intimidei, past participle intimidado)

1. (transitive) to frighten (disturb with fear)
2. (transitive) to intimidate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of intimidar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	intimidar
Personal	intimidar	intimidares	intimidar	intimidarmos	intimidardes	intimidarem
Gerund
	intimidando
Past participle
Masculine	intimidado			intimidados
Feminine	intimidada			intimidadas
Indicative
Present	intimido	intimidas	intimida	intimidamos	intimidais	intimidam
Imperfect	intimidava	intimidavas	intimidava	intimidávamos	intimidáveis	intimidavam
Preterite	intimidei	intimidaste	intimidou	intimidamos1, intimidámos2	intimidastes	intimidaram
Pluperfect	intimidara	intimidaras	intimidara	intimidáramos	intimidáreis	intimidaram
Future	intimidarei	intimidarás	intimidará	intimidaremos	intimidareis	intimidarão
Conditional	intimidaria	intimidarias	intimidaria	intimidaríamos	intimidaríeis	intimidariam
Subjunctive
Present	intimide	intimides	intimide	intimidemos	intimideis	intimidem
Imperfect	intimidasse	intimidasses	intimidasse	intimidássemos	intimidásseis	intimidassem
Future	intimidar	intimidares	intimidar	intimidarmos	intimidardes	intimidarem
Imperative
Affirmative		intimida	intimide	intimidemos	intimidai	intimidem
Negative (não)		não intimides	não intimide	não intimidemos	não intimideis	não intimidem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Derived terms

• intimidação

Related terms

• tímido

Further reading

• “intimidar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin intimidāre (“to make afraid”), from Latin in (“in”) + timidus (“afraid, timid”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /intimiˈdaɾ/ [ĩn̪.t̪i.miˈð̞aɾ]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: in‧ti‧mi‧dar

Verb

intimidar (first-person singular present intimido, first-person singular preterite intimidé, past participle intimidado)

1. (transitive) to intimidate, to frighten

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:asustar

2. (transitive) to bully

   Synonym: acosar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of intimidar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			intimidar
gerund			intimidando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		intimidado		intimidada
		plural		intimidados		intimidadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	intimido	intimidastú intimidásvos	intimida	intimidamos	intimidáis	intimidan
	imperfect	intimidaba	intimidabas	intimidaba	intimidábamos	intimidabais	intimidaban
	preterite	intimidé	intimidaste	intimidó	intimidamos	intimidasteis	intimidaron
	future	intimidaré	intimidarás	intimidará	intimidaremos	intimidaréis	intimidarán
	conditional	intimidaría	intimidarías	intimidaría	intimidaríamos	intimidaríais	intimidarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	intimide	intimidestú intimidésvos2	intimide	intimidemos	intimidéis	intimiden
	imperfect (ra)	intimidara	intimidaras	intimidara	intimidáramos	intimidarais	intimidaran
	imperfect (se)	intimidase	intimidases	intimidase	intimidásemos	intimidaseis	intimidasen
	future1	intimidare	intimidares	intimidare	intimidáremos	intimidareis	intimidaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		intimidatú intimidávos	intimide	intimidemos	intimidad	intimiden
	negative		no intimides	no intimide	no intimidemos	no intimidéis	no intimiden

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of intimidar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive intimidar
	dative	intimidarme	intimidarte	intimidarle, intimidarse	intimidarnos	intimidaros	intimidarles, intimidarse
	accusative	intimidarme	intimidarte	intimidarlo, intimidarla, intimidarse	intimidarnos	intimidaros	intimidarlos, intimidarlas, intimidarse
with gerund intimidando
	dative	intimidándome	intimidándote	intimidándole, intimidándose	intimidándonos	intimidándoos	intimidándoles, intimidándose
	accusative	intimidándome	intimidándote	intimidándolo, intimidándola, intimidándose	intimidándonos	intimidándoos	intimidándolos, intimidándolas, intimidándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative intimida
	dative	intimídame	intimídate	intimídale	intimídanos	not used	intimídales
	accusative	intimídame	intimídate	intimídalo, intimídala	intimídanos	not used	intimídalos, intimídalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative intimidá
	dative	intimidame	intimidate	intimidale	intimidanos	not used	intimidales
	accusative	intimidame	intimidate	intimidalo, intimidala	intimidanos	not used	intimidalos, intimidalas
with formal second-person singular imperative intimide
	dative	intimídeme	not used	intimídele, intimídese	intimídenos	not used	intimídeles
	accusative	intimídeme	not used	intimídelo, intimídela, intimídese	intimídenos	not used	intimídelos, intimídelas
with first-person plural imperative intimidemos
	dative	not used	intimidémoste	intimidémosle	intimidémonos	intimidémoos	intimidémosles
	accusative	not used	intimidémoste	intimidémoslo, intimidémosla	intimidémonos	intimidémoos	intimidémoslos, intimidémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative intimidad
	dative	intimidadme	not used	intimidadle	intimidadnos	intimidaos	intimidadles
	accusative	intimidadme	not used	intimidadlo, intimidadla	intimidadnos	intimidaos	intimidadlos, intimidadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative intimiden
	dative	intimídenme	not used	intimídenle	intimídennos	not used	intimídenles, intimídense
	accusative	intimídenme	not used	intimídenlo, intimídenla	intimídennos	not used	intimídenlos, intimídenlas, intimídense

Derived terms

• intimidación

 

Related terms

• tímido

 

Further reading

• “intimidar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28