gribēt

Latvian

From Proto-Baltic *greyb-, *grib-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-, *gʰrib- (“to grab, to grasp”) (from its parallel variant *gʰrebʰ- comes Latvian grābt (“to grasp, to grip, to rake”), q.v.), from a root *gʰer- (“to grasp, to grip”) with an extra -(y)b. The semantic evolution apparently was “to seize, to grab” > “to be about to, to want to (seize, grab)” > “to want.” Cognates include Lithuanian griẽbti, dialectal grei̇̃bti (“to seize, to grasp, to grab”), Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍀𐌰𐌽 (greipan), Old High German grifan, German greifen, English grip.^[1]

gribēt (transitive, 3rd conjugation, present gribu, gribi, grib, past gribēju)

to want (to feel the need for something, to desire something)
gribēt ēst, dzert ― to be hungry, thirsty (lit. to want to eat, to drink)

gribēt strādāt, mācīties ― to want to work, to study

bērns grib gulēt ― the child wants to sleep

dara, ko grib ― (he) does what (he) wants

gribot negribot ― wanting, not wanting (= willy-nilly)

negribēt (ne) dzirdēt ― not (even) want to hear (= to be categorically against)

visas tautas grib mieru, grib celt jaunus namus, dēstīt dārzus ― all peoples want peace, (they) want to build new houses, to plant gardens
to want (to intend, to plan)
Ozols gribēja Vili iepazīstin

viņš grib līdz vakaram pabeigt iesākto darbu ― he wants to finish the work (he) started by evening
(colloquial) to want (to be able to (in a given situation), to be about to)
mitrā malka negribēja degt ― the wet firewood didn't want to (= couldn't, wouldn't) burn

gribēju izdarīt lielu kļūdu ― I wanted (= was about) to make a big mistake

skapis gandrīz gribēja apgāzties ― the cupboard almost wanted (= was likely) to fall over

tik liels un pieaudzis viņš ilgos gados bija kļuvis, ka Pelašķiene to pirmajā mirklī lāgā pazīt negribēja ― (in, during) many years he had grown so big that Pelašķiene at first didn't quite want to (= couldn't quite) recognize him

Conjugation of **gribēt**
	indicative (īstenības izteiksme)					imperative (pavēles izteiksme)
		present (tagadne)	past (pagātne)		future (nākotne)	imperative (pavēles izteiksme)
1st person sg	es	gribu	gribēju		gribēšu	—
2nd person sg	tu	gribi	gribēji		gribēsi	gribi
3rd person sg	viņš, viņa	grib	gribēja		gribēs	lai grib
1st person pl	mēs	gribam	gribējām		gribēsim	gribēsim
2nd person pl	jūs	gribat	gribējāt		gribēsiet, gribēsit	gribiet
3rd person pl	viņi, viņas	grib	gribēja		gribēs	lai grib

renarrative (atstāstījuma izteiksme)				participles (divdabji)
present	gribot			present active 1 (adj.)		gribošs
past	esot gribējis			present active 2 (adv.)		gribēdams
future	gribēšot			present active 3 (adv.)		gribot
imperative	lai gribot			present active 4 (obj.)		gribam
conditional (vēlējuma izteiksme)				past active		gribējis
present	gribētu			present passive		gribams
past	būtu gribējis			past passive		gribēts
debitive (vajadzības izteiksme)				nominal forms
indicative	(būt) jāgrib			infinitive (nenoteiksme)		gribēt
conjunctive 1	esot jāgrib			negative infinitive		negribēt
conjunctive 2	jāgribot			verbal noun		gribēšana

^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “gribēt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎^[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN