foliate

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English

WOTD – 20 September 2024

Etymology 1

Macaroons on a foliate plate (adjective sense 2).
The folium of Descartes (green) is a foliate curve (adjective sense 2.1) generated by the implicit equation . The dashed blue line is the asymptote.
The blackberry (genus Rubus) has a five-foliated compound leaf (adjective sense 3.2).
Gneiss is a kind of foliate rock (adjective sense 4).

From Latin foliātus (“having leaves, leafy, leaved”) + English -ate (suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘having [the specified thing]’). Foliātus is derived from folium (“leaf; (Late Latin) leaf or sheet of paper”)[1] (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃- (“blossom, flower”) or *dʰelh₁- (“to be green”)) + -ātus (suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘having [the specified thing]’).

Pronunciation

Adjective

foliate (comparative more foliate, superlative most foliate)

  1. Of or relating to leaves.
    Synonym: foliar
  3. Shaped like or otherwise resembling a leaf; leaflike.
    Synonyms: foliaceous, leaf-shaped, leafy
    Antonym: nonfoliate
    • 1658, Thomas Browne, “The Garden of Cyrus. […]. Chapter II.”, in Hydriotaphia, Urne-buriall, […] Together with The Garden of Cyrus, […], London: […] Hen[ry] Brome […], →OCLC, page 106:
      In the Laureat draughts of ſculpture and picture, the leaves and foliate vvorks are commonly thus contrived, vvhich is but in imitation of the Pulvinaria, and ancient pillovv-vvork, obſervable in Ionick peeces, about columns, temples and altars.
    2. (geometry) Of a curve: having two infinite branches with a common asymptote, and a leaf-shaped loop.
  4. (botany)
    1. Of a plant: having leaves.
      Synonyms: leafy, leaved
      Antonym: nonfoliate
    3. Of a leaf: having a (certain number of) leaflets.
  6. (geology) Synonym of foliated (“of a rock: having a structure of thin layers”)
  7. (obsolete) In the form of a foil or thin sheet.
    foliate gold
    • 1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “III. Century. [Experiment Solitary Touching Appetite of Vnion in Bodies.]”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC, paragraph 293, page 75:
      But note, that all Solide Bodies are Cleauing, more or leſſe: And that they loue better the Touch of ſomevvhat that is Tangible, than of Aire. For VVater, in ſmall quantity, cleaueth to any Thing that is Solide; […] And therfore Gold Foliate, or any Metall Foliate, cleaueth: […]
    • 1646, Thomas Browne, “Compendiously of Sundry Tenents Concerning Minerall and Terreous Bodies, which Examined, Prove either False or Dubious”, in Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], London: […] T[homas] H[arper] for Edward Dod, […], →OCLC, 2nd book, paragraph 3, page 85:
      [T]he ſubſtance of gold is indeed invincible by the povverfulleſt action of natural heat, […] as is very evident, not only in the ſvvallowing of golden bullets but in the leſſer and foliate diviſions thereof, paſſing the ſtomack and guts even as it doth the throat, that is vvithout abatement of vveight or conſiſtences; […]
Derived terms
Translations

Etymology 2

From folium (“leaf; (Late Latin) leaf or sheet of paper”) (see further at etymology 1) + English -ate (suffix forming verbs).[2]

Pronunciation

Verb

foliate (third-person singular simple present foliates, present participle foliating, simple past and past participle foliated)

  1. (transitive)
    1. To add numbers to (a folio or leaf, or all the folios or leaves, of a book); also, to add numbers to the folios or leaves of (a book); to folio, to page, to paginate.
    2. To spread (glass) with a thin coat of mercury and tin, or other substances forming a foil, to create a mirror; to foil, to silver.
      to foliate a looking-glass
    3. (architecture) To decorate (an architectural feature, as an arch or window) with foils (“small arcs in the traceries of arches, windows, etc.”).
      • 1851, John Ruskin, “The Quarry”, in The Stones of Venice, volume I (The Foundations), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC, page 13:
        All European architecture, bad and good, old and new, is derived from Greece through Rome, and coloured and perfected from the East. […] Now observe: those old Greeks gave the shaft; Rome gave the arch; the Arabs pointed and foliated the arch.
    4. (obsolete) To beat (metal) into a foil or thin sheet.
  2. (intransitive)
    1. To split into layers or leaves.
    2. (botany) Of a plant: to produce leaves.
Derived terms
Translations

References

  1. ^ “foliate, adj.”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, July 2023; “foliate, adj.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
  2. ^ “foliate, v.”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, July 2023; “foliate, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

Further reading

Anagrams

Latin

Pronunciation

Adjective

foliāte

  1. vocative masculine singular of foliātus

Spanish

Verb

foliate

  1. second-person singular voseo imperative of foliar combined with te
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